Digestive System Review

1. What do herbivores eat?

2. What do carnivores eat?

3. How many stomachs does a monogastric animal have? Polygastric?

4. What is mechanical grinding and breaking down of food? Chemical?

5. What are the layers of the GI tract?

6. What is the sheet of tissue that suspends digestive tract?

7. What other function does it do?

8. What are the two epithelial tissues in the GI tract?

9. Where are they located?

10. What layers are in the smooth muscle?

11. What are the three pairs of salivary glands?

12. What happens to the salivary glands during sympathetic autonomic nervous system stimulation? Parasympathetic?

13. Where is the upper arcade located? Lower?

14. What are the surfaces of the teeth?

15. What are the four different types of teeth and what are their functions?

16. How are teeth designated?

17. What are the dental formulas?

18. What are the dental quadrants and where are they located?

19. Dog is losing tooth 207, which is it?

20. Feline is having issues with 405. Which is it?

21. What is another term for the fourth premolar?

22. What is the anatomy (parts) of the tooth? 23. What species get their teeth floated?

24. What are the two types of digestion?

25. What is the digestive enzyme found in omnivore saliva, absent in carnivore?

26. What is the enzyme found in high amounts in puppy saliva?

27. Where does the esophagus enter the stomach?

28. What is the issue where the esophagus has lost muscle tone?

29. What are the parts of the stomach?

30. What do parietal cells produce?

31. What do chief cells produce?

32. What does pepsin do?

33. What do mucous cells produce?

34. What’s another name for mucus cells?

35. Where are your G-cells located?

36. What are the long folds in the stomach called?

37. What nerve stimulates parasympathetic

38. What is the term for decreased muscle tone in the stomach?

39. What does gastrin do?

40. What does it inhibit?

41. Does the stomach have a high or low pH?

42. What cells secrete secretin?

43. What does secretin do?

44. Where are they located?

45. What is the secretion when you have nutrients high in fat or protein?

46. What does it do? 47. What is the protein that combines with vitamin B12?

48. What does bicarbonate do?

49. What are the 3 receptors on the blood side?

50. Which of these three receptors are inhibited by antacid?

51. What are the 2 prostaglandins?

52. What are the 4 stomachs in ruminants?

53. What are the characteristics of the reticulum?

54. What are the characteristics of the rumen?

55. What are the characteristics of the omasum?

56. What are the characteristics of the abomasum?

57. In young ruminants, what is used to bypass the reticulum and rumen?

58. What are the three parts of the small intestines?

59. What are the cylindrical finger-like projections in the small intestine?

60. What are the small invagination in the intestinal mucosa?

61. What are longitudinal contractions?

62. What are circular contractions?

63. List three electrolytes.

64. What are they?

65. What are the three energy producing nutrients?

66. How is fat digestion accomplished?

67. Carb digestion?

68. What is the connection between the small and large intestine called?

69. What animal uses the cecum for fermentation?

70. Which anus is voluntary, which is not? 71. Which is stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system? Sympathetic?

72. What is the hepatic portal system?

73. What is the digestive enzyme produced in liver and funneled to gall bladder?

74. What are the digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas?