Name:

Graphing Booklet 2: Drawing Different Types of Graphs

Types 1 and 2: Histograms and Bar Charts

Remember: Histograms have NO GAPS between bars. They are used for continuous data. Bar charts have EQUAL SIZED GAPS. They are used for discrete data.

A proper histogram or bar chart has: 1) Title 2) Labelled Axes 3) Scaled Axes with Units 4) Use a ruler!

Example 1:

The above table lists the top 10 medal-winning countries at the 2002 Winter Olympics held in Salt Lake City, Utah.

a) Is this discrete or continuous data? ______b) Should you use a bar chart or a histogram? ______c) Construct a graph representing this data using the graph paper provided.

d) How many countries won 15 or more medals? ______e) How many countries won 30 or more medals? ______f) How does Canada’s medal count compare to other countries (answer in complete sentences)? Example 2: The scores on a math test were 70, 55, 61, 80, 85, 72, 65, 40, 74, 68, and 84.

a) Fill in the tally chart.

Score (x-axis) Tally Frequency (y-axis) 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 b) Use the table (Frequency and Score) to construct a histogram for these scores. The reason it is a histogram is because we are using RANGES of marks not individual marks.

c) What was the most common range of mark? d) What was the least common range of mark? Practice: Graphing Bar Charts and Histograms

1. a) Using the data below, complete the frequency table. Number of Houses on a Street Data: 30, 32, 11, 14, 40, 37, 16, 26, 12, 33, 13, 19, 38, 12, 28, 15, 39, 11, 37, 17, 27, 14, 36

Number of Houses on Street (x-axis) Tally Frequency (y-axis) 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 b) Draw a labeled histogram for this data on the graph paper below. Make sure you use different colours or patterns. Use a title for the graph and label each of the axes. Use a scale. 2. Rita conducted a survey about musical tastes among her classmates. Her results are shown in the table below. Draw a bar graph for this data. Remember to include: title, scale, legend, etc.

b) What type of data is this (discrete or continuous)? 3. Rene found the Home Runs and RBI (runs batted in) leaders in the newspaper. She wants to compare the players’ home run totals with their RBI totals. The results that Rene found are shown below.

a) Construct a double bar graph to display the data for Home Runs and RBIs for each player.

HINT: A double bar graph has spaces between each player but not between the Home Run bar and the RBI bar. You will need different colours for Home Runs and for RBIs.

b) Describe the relationship between Home Runs and Runs Batted In (RBIs) that the graph shows. 4. Jamie does research for an environmental group. He interviewed 22 people about their methods of travel to work. The environmental group wants to collect statistics for a presentation to the government on improving public transportation.

Method of Travel Number of People Public transit (buses, etc) 30 Motor vehicle driver 147 Motor vehicle passenger 19 Bicycle 4 Walk 12 Other 10

a) Construct a bar chart. Remember to include a title, labeled axes, a legend, etc.

b) What is the most common method of travel to work? ______c) What is the least common method of travel to work? ______d) Why is a bar chart suitable for this information?

e) How might the environmental group use the data to get improvements to public transportation? 5. Susan found the American League East standings in the newspaper. She wants to compare the baseball teams’ wins and losses.

a) Construct a double bar graph to display the wins and losses for each team. Label the graph “American League East Standings”. Label the x-axis with “Team” and the y-axis with “Number of Games”. Use a legend to show which bars represent wins and which represent losses.

Team Wins Losses Boston Red Sox 43 28 New York Yankees 40 31 Baltimore Orioles 34 38 Toronto Blue Jays 34 38 Tampa Bay Devil Rays 21 51

b) What team had the most wins? ______c) What team had the most losses? ______d) What team had the least wins? ______e) What team had the least losses? ______Type 3: Line Graphs

We use line graphs to describe trends. Usually we use them for continuous data. It usually has to do with something that increases or decreases over TIME.

Remember: Line graphs need:

1) Labelled Axes 2) Title 3) RULER! 4) Scaled Axes with Units (usually time is on the x-axis)

Example 1: The table below shows daily temperatures for New York City, recorded for 6 days, in degrees Celsius.

Temperatures In NY City

Day Temperature

Thursday 30° C

Friday 32° C

Saturday 30° C

Sunday 25° C

Monday 24° C

Tuesday 21° C

a) Draw a line graph and label all axes on the graph paper provided.

b) Describe, in words, the “trend” (what happens to the temperature in NYC).

c) If you had to predict the weather for Wednesday, what would it be? Why? Practice Questions:

1) Sarah bought a new car in 2001 for $24,000. The dollar value of her car changed each year as shown in the table below. Value of Sarah's Car

Year Value

2001 $24,000

2002 $22,500

2003 $19,700

2004 $17,500

2005 $14,500

2006 $10,000

2007 $ 5,800 a) Draw a line graph and label all axes.

b) Describe, in words, the “trend” shown in the graph.

c) Estimate the value of the car in 2008. 2) Jake is raising a pig, Bobby Jr. Jake weighs the pig each month.

Bobby Jr's Weight Month Weight in kg January 49 February 54 March 61 April 69 May 73

a) Draw a line graph and label all axes.

b) Describe, in words, the “trend”.

c) Why is the pig’s weight increasing? 3) Cassie works in a factory that plates copper onto printed circuit boards. She measures the concentration of copper in the chemical bath every week and compares the results.

Date Concentration of Copper (g/L) Jan. 4 15 Jan. 13 14 Jan. 20 13.5 Jan. 27 13 Feb. 3 12.75 Feb. 10 15 Feb. 17 14 Feb. 24 13.25 a) Construct a line graph to display the data. Label the graph “Concentration of Copper in a Chemical Bath”. Label the x-axis with “Date” and the y-axis with “Concentration of Copper (g/L)”.

b) When was the concentration decreasing? ______c) When was the concentration increasing? ______d) Why is a line graph a good choice for this data? Drawing Pie Graphs from Percentages

We use pie graphs to describe percentages. We usually use them in place of bar charts as many people believe they are easier to read.

There is a lot more work to drawing a pie chart!!! You must show all work!

Remember: Pie graphs need:

1) Labelled Pie Spaces 2) Percentages for each pie space 3) Key or Legend 4) Use a RULER and protractor!

Example 1:

Draw a pie chart for this data on how kids get to school:

Car Bus Train Bike Walk 4 12 2 3 9

a) Find total number of people. b) Find angle per person = 360° ÷ total c) Find angle for each option  multiply the number of people by angle per person. Put this in the chart above.

d) Draw a straight line from the center to the outside. Measure all angles from the centre and label as you go! Practice Drawing Pie Charts

Draw a pie chart for each question. LABEL!!!

1. Athletics Ball Games Cycling Swimming 2 9 3 4

Total =

Angle per person =

2. Pedestrians Pedal Cyclists Motor Cyclists Cars 23 12 17 8

Total =

Angle per person = 3. Fav. Sport Football Netball Tennis Hockey No. of People 25 15 30 20

Total =

Angle per person =

4. Fav. Food Chips Crisps Cake Chocolate Lettuce No of People 21 15 6 14 4

Total =

Angle per person = 5. Fav Pet Dog Cat Fish Camel No of People 21 18 4 2

Total =

Angle per person =

5) Favourite Car

Fav Car Porsche Mini Mondeo Lotus Skoda No of People 2 3 3 1 11

Total =

Angle per person =