Neuropsychological Assessment

Appendix e-1

The RAVLT is a 15-item word-list that is presented over five trials. An interfering word list is then presented followed by immediate recall of the initial list. After 30 minutes, a delayed recall trial is administered followed by a recognition trial. Normative data adjust for the patient’s age and sex, and final scores are reported as standard scores (mean =

100; SD = 15). The selected subtests of the WMS-III assess immediate and delayed free recall of verbal and visual information in the form of short stories (Logical Memory), word-pairs (Verbal Paired Associates), face recognition (Faces), and visual scene recall

(Family Pictures). Immediate and delayed scores on the Logical Memory and Verbal

Paired Associates subtests are combined to form the Auditory Immediate Memory Index and the Auditory Delayed Memory Index, respectively. Immediate and delayed scores on the Faces and Family Pictures subtests are combined to form the Visual Immediate

Memory Index and the Visual Delayed Memory Index, respectively. Normative data adjust for age, and final scores are reported as standard scores. The MAC-S is a 49-item questionnaire designed to assess subjective memory difficulties using a 5-point Likert scale rating. Respondents rate their ability to remember specific types of information

(Ability subscale) and how often specific memory problems occur (Frequency subscale).

Higher test scores are indicative of greater subjective memory complaints. Total raw score on the Ability subscale can range from 21 to 105, and total raw score on the

Frequency subscale can range from 24 to 120. The CES-D consists of 20 items, each describing common feelings and behaviors associated with depression. The respondent is asked to indicate how often they have felt as described in each item during the past week.

Items are rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (rarely or none of the time – less than 1 day) to 3 (most or all of the time – 5-7 days). Total raw score can range from 0 to 60. A cut score of 16 points is recommended for identifying patients with depression. The

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory consists of two twenty-item scales that measure self- reported anxiety in adults. It includes measures of both state (anxiety at the time of the assessment) and trait (general tendency to experience anxiety) anxiety. Studies on the factor structure of this measure suggest clear-cut distinctions between state and trait anxietye1, e2. Normative data adjust for age and sex, and final scores are reported as t- scores (mean = 50; SD = 10). e-References e1. Spielberger CD, Vagg PR, Barker LR, Donham GW, Westberry LG. The factor structure of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In: Sarason IG, Spielberger CD, eds. Stress and anxiety. New York: Hemisphere/Wiley, 1980. e2. Vagg PR, Spielberger CD, O'Hearn TP. Is the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory multidimensional? Personality and Individual Differences 1980;1:207-212.