Environmental Science Cumulative Test Study Guide

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE CUMULATIVE TEST STUDY GUIDE

Chapter 1

Terms  Natural Resources

 Sustainability

 Ecological Footprint

 Pollution

Concepts 1.Distinguish between nonrenewable, renewable, and perpetual resources.

2. Distinguish between developed and developing countries.

3. Distinguish between reduce, reuse, recycle, and refuse.

4. Distinguish between point source and non-point source pollution.

5. How do the following societies’ environmental impacts differ: hunter-gatherer, agricultural, and industrial?

6. Give an example of the “Tragedy of the Commons”.

Chapter 4

Terms  Limiting factors

 Biodiversity

 Monoculture

 Ecology

 Range of tolerance Concepts

1. Describe the relationship between organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems.

2. Distinguish between atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.

3. Explain how the greenhouse effect works.

4. How do producers and consumers differ?

5. What are the differences between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem?

6. Distinguish between omnivores, carnivores, and herbivores.

7. Distinguish between food webs and food chains. Which is more realistic?

8. What happens to the available energy as you move up a food chain?

9. Describe the steps of the hydrological, carbon, and nitrogen cycles.

10. Distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers.

Chapter 7

Terms  Indicator species

 Keystone species

 Pioneer species

 Endangered species

 Invasive species  Resource partitioning

 Precautionary principle

 Niche

 Habitat

 Inertia

 Resilience

 Intermediate disturbance hypothesis

Concepts

1. Distinguish between native and non-native (invasive) species.

2. Distinguish between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.

3. Give examples of mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism.

4. Distinguish between primary and secondary succession.

5. Distinguish between generalist and specialist species.

Chapter 10

Terms  Toxic

 Dose

 Response

 Probability

 Persistence  Solubility

 Chemical interactions

 Poison

 Mutagens

 Carcinogens

 Teratogens

 Bioaccumulation

 Biomagnification

 LD50 (median lethal dose)

 Endocrine disruptors

 Pathogens

Concepts 1. Distinguish between transmissible and non-transmissible diseases.

2. Distinguish between risk assessment and risk management.

3. What does “the dose makes the poison” mean?

4. Give examples of biological, chemical, physical, and cultural hazards.

5. What is causing bacteria to evolve antibiotic-resistant strains?

6. What are three different routes of exposure for toxins?

7. What are the most deadly infectious diseases? Where are they most common?