Suspension and Steering (Diesel-Medium/Heavy Duty Truck) s1

Identify causes of power steering system noise, steering binding, darting/oversteer, reduced wheel cut, steering wheel kick, pulling, non- recovery, turning effort, looseness, hard steering, overheating, fluid leakage, and fluid aeration problems; determine needed action. Lesson Plan for DIT 160-161 Suspension and Steering (Diesel-Medium/Heavy Duty Truck) Course HS Title: Suspension and Steering (Medium/Heavy Duty Truck) Program: KCTCS Courses included in HS Title: (Lesson is prepared for course highlighted.) KCTCS Course KCTCS Course Title No. Suspension and Steering (Diesel- DIT 160-161 Medium/Heavy Duty Truck)

Introduction/Conte This lesson will instruct the student on how to identify causes of power steering xt system noise, steering binding, darting/oversteer, reduced wheel cut, steering wheel kick, pulling, non-recovery, turning effort, looseness, hard steering, overheating, fluid leakage, and fluid aeration problems, and determine needed action. Knowledge of these techniques and the skills required to correct problems associated with this task are necessary for a student to acquire if they wish to compete for high paying, high skilled jobs in a Diesel Repair Facility. Entry level technicians need to be able to perform this task to 100% accuracy. Incorrectly performing this task can lead to an automobile accident or create customer satisfaction issues. Prepared By School Date:

Lesson Grade Level No. Students No.IEP's: Length:

Task Identify causes of power steering system noise, steering binding, darting/oversteer, reduced wheel cut, steering wheel kick, pulling, non-recovery, turning effort, looseness, hard steering, overheating, fluid leakage, and fluid aeration problems; determine needed action.

Objective Given the proper tools and instruction, the student will be able to identify causes of power steering system noise, steering binding, darting/oversteer, reduced wheel cut, steering wheel kick, pulling, non-recovery, turning effort, looseness, hard steering, overheating, fluid leakage, and fluid aeration problems, determine needed action, and pass a written test covering the task with 100% accuracy.

Connections: Skills Standards: OH 001 OH 002 OH 003 OD 002 OD 003 OD 005 Common Core Technical Standards: TD-OPS.2 TD-SYS.2 New Common Core State Standards: RST 11-12 3 N-Q-3

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS/TECHNOLOGY

Teacher Designed Materials and Other Handouts

Textbooks and Workbooks Author Title/ISBN No. Edition Publisher Pages Various Suspension and Steering ASE Test Prep T5 Fifth Delmar 15-16

Equipment Quantity Item Source

Web Site Author URL

Content/Presentation/Demonstration Outline Tell students that power steering system noise, steering binding, darting/oversteer, reduced wheel cut, steering wheel kick, pulling, non-recovery, turning effort, looseness, hard steering, overheating, fluid leakage, and fluid aeration problems may be caused by a variety of mechanical and/or hydraulic issues. In addition, load factors and road conditions may also have an effect on the steering components. Before inspecting the components, tell them to gather as much information as they can. If possible, instruct students to interview the driver to determine if the issue is ongoing or only occurs under certain conditions. Tell them to road test the vehicle under the conditions described and try to duplicate the condition. Pay particular attention to speed, load factors, directional issues, and noisy operation. Let them know that tire inflation and suspension component condition may also play a role in steering system issues. Explain that noise can be caused by various sources. A visual and audible inspection must first be performed to determine the cause (check belts, fluid level, mounts, etc.). Inform students that binding and turning effort, and hard steering can be the result of improper torque applied to any newly installed components; seized or under-lubricated moving components; improper phasing during the installation of shafts and/or U-joints; loose drive belts; misalignment due to wear, fatigue, or collision damage; or improper servicing of power steering filters. Tell them that looseness can be caused by improper torque specifications (i.e., steering box preload) and worn or improperly installed components can lead to excessive steering wheel movement. Darting/oversteer can be caused by loose steering components and/or a misadjusted power steering gear may cause this condition. Let them know that tire inflation, load factors, and suspension component condition should also be inspected. Reduced wheel cut may be caused by misadjusted power steering gears, wheel stops not being adjusted properly, or bent mechanical steering components. Explain that Wheel Kick may be caused by air in the hydraulic system, loose steering gear mounting, worn steering linkage, front wheel bearings not adjusted or worn, improper steering gear adjustment, damaged or worn steering gear components, or worn or missing poppet valves. Puffing and Non-recovery may be a result of a variety of mechanical and/or hydraulic issues. In addition, front-end alignment, tire inflation, load factors, and road conditions may also have an effect on the steering components. When determining the cause of pulling and non-recovery complaints, tell students to check tire pressures, wheel bearing adjustments, suspension components, and ride height adjustments in addition to inspecting steering system operation and components. If no mechanical or hydraulic issues are found, tell them to perform a front and rear axle alignment as alignment factors may be contributing to the issue. Regarding Fluid Leakage and Aeration, tell students to inspect for visual signs of external and internal fluid loss, and correct as necessary. Let them know that an overfilled reservoir may be the result of a restricted high-pressure line. Explain that an air leak on the low-pressure side would lead to air being ingested into the hydraulic system, which would lead to both overfill and foaming (aeration). Instruct students that a loose sleeve clamp on the drag link adjuster with damaged adjusting threads will cause the steering wheel to become more off center over the course of 500 miles. A worn steering shaft U-joint or an out-of-adjustment steering gear could cause steering wheel free-play. Defective kingpins or kingpin bearings will cause a wheel and tire not to return to the straight-ahead position during a front axle and linkage- binding test. Excessive positive caster will cause high steering effort and fast steering wheel return. Inform students that reservoir o-rings, driveshaft seals, high-pressure fittings, and the dipstick cap are all possible leak sources. If leaks occur at any of the seal locations, replace the seal. When a leak is present at the high-pressure fitting, tell them to first tighten it to the specified torque. If this fails, tell them to replace the o-ring at this fitting.

Applications/Practice 1 Refer to content

Evaluation and feedback Prior to Testing or Lab Work Objective 1. / Formative assessment / Instructor will observe students as they practice the procedure to assure correct procedure and safety practices are being followed. A checklist will be utilized to chart student progress on the task. Questioning techniques will be utilized as necessary to demonstrate student comprehension / Adaptations and/or accommodations for special needs students will be added if required.

STUDENT ASSESSMENT: (Assess student progress with performance criteria.) Objective 1 / Summative assessment / written test questions on stated objective / adaptation and / or 1 accommodations for special needs students will be added if required

IMPACT--Reflection/Analysis of Teaching and Learning: (How did students’ progress in relation to the state objectives? Was the instruction successful? Analyze samples of student work particularly that which is unsatisfactory, for the purpose of planning further instruction.) REFINEMENT--Lesson Extension and Follow-up: (To be filled in as the lesson is modified during initial planning and/or during the teaching learning process.)