Making Connections Lesson Plan Template s1

Teaching Scientific Method with Baking Soda and Vinegar Powered Boats

Contact Information: Julie Boswell & Kathryn Redner Title: Baking Soda and Vinegar Power Boats Primary Subject Area and Grade Level: Third Grade Science Overview: Compare and observe the different speeds and distances that baking soda and vinegar powered boats move depending on their design, size and weight. Approximate Duration: Five hours. One hour a day for one week. Class Format: Face to face, technology and collaborative learning. Common Core Educational Technology Standards Addressed:

SC.3.N.3.1 Recognize that words in science can have different and more specific meanings than their use in everyday language; for example, energy, cell, heat/cold, and evidence. SC.3.N.3.2 Recognize that scientists use models to help understand and explain how things work. SC.3.N.3.3 Recognize that all models are approximations of natural phenomena; as such, they do not perfectly account for all observations. SC.3.N.1.1 Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners, building on others ideas and expressing their own with clarity. SC.3.N.1.2 Compare the observations made by different groups using the same tools and seek reasons to explain the differences across groups. SC3.N.1.3 Keep records as appropriate such as pictorial written or simple charts and graphs. SC3N.1.4 Recognize the importance of communication among scientists. SC3.N.1.5 Recognize that scientists question, discuss and check each other’s evidence and explanations. SC3.N.1.6 Infer based on observation.

Interdisciplinary Connections: Science, Speaking and Listening Prior Knowledge: Ability to take direction and collaborate with peers. Read Francis Bacon and the Scientific Revolution. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque- art1/beginners-guide-baroque1/a/francis-bacon-and-the-scientific-revolution Outcomes/Objectives: 1. Students will be able to record and chart their results. 2. Students will be able to discuss observations. 3. Students will be able to write how Scientific Method was used to conduct this experiment. Identifying a purpose, hypothesis, explain the materials used, describe the procedure followed, explain the results and draw conclusions.

Technologies and Other Materials /Resources:  Plastic bottles with lids of different size and shape (one for each student that the student has brought from home, but have extra in case someone forgets or they are damaged when drilling).  Baking Soda  Vinegar  Tissue Paper  Silly putty or caulk.  Straws  Stop watch  Measuring tape  Funnel or cone shaped paper cup with bottom cut off.  Plastic Baby Pool or large tub in which to power and race boats.

Activities/Tasks (Lesson Procedure):

Prep: Teacher will drill a hole in the bottom of each bottle. Students will work on their own boats in a group of three students. Students will roll three tablespoons of baking soda in tissue paper similarly to a tootsie roll but longer to accommodate the baking soda. Twist ends tightly. Students will insert and seal straws in the hole of their bottles with silly putty.

Scientific Method Song Lyrics From YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQx5Be9g16U

Scientific Method, Scientific Method Scientific Method, Scientific Method Scientific Method, Scientific Method Scientific Method, Scientific Method

First you make an observation of the world around. Take notes and record all the things that you found. Then you ask a simple question something that you want to learn. Then you form a hypothesis to explain what you observed. Then you make a prediction about how it’s gonna go. Do a test with a control and a variable. Then you analyze the data and draw a conclusion. Do the scientific method to avoid all confusion.

Make an observation. Ask a question. Form a hypothesis and make a prediction. Do a test or experimentation. Analyze data and draw a conclusion.

Make an observation. Ask a question. Form a hypothesis and make a prediction. Do a test or experimentation. Analyze data and draw a conclusion

Scientific Method, Scientific Method Scientific Method, Scientific Method Scientific Method, Scientific Method

Lesson Procedure:  Using Flow chart Teacher will introduce Scientific Method.  http://chemistry.about.com/od/scientificmethod/ss/Science-Flowchart.htm o Teacher will introduce Scientific Method, making observations, keeping records, asking questions about something that you want to learn or know more about. And forming a hypothesis to explain what we have observed that we can test. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQx5Be9g16U o Read lyrics then sing along. Explain that we are going to make observations and then we are going to test our hypothesis. Then we are going to take the good observations and predictions and draw conclusions about improving our boats. Explain that we are going to make observations and then we are going to test our hypothesis. Then we are going to take the good observations and predictions and draw conclusions about improving our boats. o Teacher says, “Let’s make some observations about our boats”. o Then she calls on students and writes these on the board. o Teacher says, “Now in your journals, write question that you would like to test about your boat.” o Teacher says, “Write a Hypothesis.”  Outcomes and Relevance  We are going to begin to understand how scientist think and what it is like to be a scientist.  Motivating Introduction  Watch Youtube.com video: How to Power a Bathtub Boat with Baking Soda and Vinegar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bRGiPHk0mQ  Content of Lesson o Ok. Let’s build our own boats. Teacher walks around to see if anyone needs assistance as students insert straws and putty straws on their boats. Students measure and wrap baking soda in tissue. And measure 200 milliliters of vinegar. o Here’s the tricky part. It is best to pour the vinegar into the bottle boats when you are near the water source, baby pool or bathtub. Students put one finger over the straw and another student pours measured vinegar in boat through a funnel (a student should hold the funnel otherwise it tips and a lot of vinegar is spilled). Student slips in wrapped baking soda, give the boat a gentle shake and sets it in the water. o Teacher: Suggest students observe what is happening inside the bottles as well as outside. o Teacher times the length of time that each boat generates forward power. Students must watch the boat since teacher is watching stopwatch.  Closure and Review:  What are some of the observations from our experiment?  What characteristics in boats made them go faster or farther or longer?  What was happening inside the bottles?  What happened outside in the water where the gas was coming out? Higher Level Thinking Skills Noted o What would you like to test now? o How would you change the experiment? o Were our class results consistent? o Did we have a possible confound that might have impacted our results? Relevance/Rationale: Teacher asks students: Why do we follow a Scientific Method? Why would a scientist want to test a hypothesis? After testing one hypothesis could you see that you would want to test something else? What would that be? Assessment Criteria for Success:  Students will be able to write observations and write a hypothesis of another experiment to test their boat.  Students will be able to write an explanation for why scientists use a standard Scientific Method to test all kinds of things. Explorations and Extensions: 1. EXPLORATION: Early finishers may google search for more baking soda and vinegar experiments that they would like to try and write a list. As students finish allow each of them time to research baking soda and vinegar experiments. State what early finishers will do upon completion of work. Also, please see below (Meaningful Technology). 2. EXTENSIONS: Reteach this lesson by discussing the following questions. Also, please see below (Meaningful Technology). Modifications/Accommodations and Access for All: What curriculum modifications and/or classroom accommodations will you make for students with disabilities in your class? For students that are not reading on level, begin by echo reading song lyrics and then choral reading before choral singing with music. Then help by spelling words like Hypothesis, Theory and Scientific on the board. Make sure that everyone that needs extra help is in a supportive group. We modified for one student who could not get the cast on her arm wet and another student just pitched in and helped her with her boat.

Meaningful technology Integration Explanation: Students enjoy expanding on knowledge and learning so while a teacher has this momentum working in their favor students should be asked to use google to further their knowledge about the experiment and write these things down in their science notebooks. This is a good activity for the early finisher. They can begin by looking the following things up:  The chemical formula and structure of vinegar  The chemical formula and structure baking soda  What happens when they are combined?  Search other experiments using baking soda and vinegar.  Find another one that they would like to try.

Another option is using an online game to help memorize the order of Scientific Method. This is also a good activity for the early finisher. I like this one: http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/sci_meth.htm. Starting your lesson with a song is always fun. I like using YouTube to learn the following Scientific Method song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQx5Be9g16U .

Additionally, I found great visual aids explaining Scientific Method at the following site: http://chemistry.about.com/od/scientificmethod/ss/Science-Flowchart.htm .

Students are empowered watching the YouTube video of other kids of similar ages building boats at home. It helps them understand what they are going to do and gives them the full picture. They especially seem to like that other kids are building boats themselves in the video. On a side note, after trying doing this with a classroom many of the students went home and showed the video to their siblings and friends and tried to make the boats and tried other baking soda and vinegar powered activities. Because this activity is fun it is easy to encourage students to expand on knowledge and it is amazing what they come up with!!! Have fun!