Vascular Plant List s2

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, WA. List covers plants found in the Mt. St. Helens blast zone, both before and after eruption. Combined lists from WNPS field trip, 1979; study by Jonothan Titus, Scott Moore and Mildred Arnot, 1982; and study by A.B & Virginia Adams and Evelyn Merrill, 1993-94. 401 spp.

These lists represent the work of different WNPS members over the years. Their accuracy has not been verified by the Washington Native Plant Society. We offer these lists to individuals as a tool to enhance the enjoyment and study of native plants.

Vascular Plant List Mt. St. Helens * - Introduced Scientific Name Common Name Family Name

Abies amabilis Pacific silver fir Pinaceae Abies lasiocarpa Sub-alpine fir Pinaceae Abies procera Noble fir Pinaceae Acer circinatum Vine maple Aceraceae Acer glabrum Douglas maple Aceraceae Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf maple Aceraceae Achillea millifolium Yarrow Asteraceae Achlys triphylla Vanilla leaf Berberidaceae Actaea rubra Baneberry Ranunculaceae Adenocaulon bicolor Pathfinder Asteraceae Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair fern Polypodiaceae Agoseris aurantiaca Orange agoseris Asteraceae Agoseris glauca Mountain agoseris Asteraceae Agoseris grandiflora Large-flowered agoseris Asteraceae Agoseris heterophylla Annual agoseris Asteraceae Agropyron caninum Bearded wheatgrass Poaceae Agrostis alba* Red top Poaceae Agrostis diegoensis Thin bentgrass Poaceae Agrostis exarata* Spike bentgrass Poaceae Agrostis scabra Tickle-grass Poaceae Agrostis tenuis* Colonial bentgrass Poaceae Agrostis thurberiana Thurber bentgrass Poaceae Aira caryophyllea* Silver hairgrass Poaceae Alnus rubra Red alder Betulaceae Alnus sinuata Sitka alder Betulaceae Alopecurus geniculatus Water foxtail Poaceae Amelanchier alnifolia Serviceberry Rosaceae Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly everlasting Asteraceae Antennaria lanata Woolly pussy-toes Asteraceae Antennaria microphylla Rosy pussy-toes Asteraceae Antennaria racemosa Raceme pussy-toes Asteraceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 1 of 10 Antennaria umbrinella Umber pussy-toes Asteraceae Anthoxanthum odoratum* Sweet vernalgrass Poaceae Aquilegia formosa Red columbine Ranunculaceae Arctostaphylos nevadensis Kinnikinnik Ericaceae Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry Ericaceae Arenaria macrophylla Big-leaf sandwort Caryophyllaceae Arenaria serpyllifolia Thyme-leaf sandwort Caryophyllaceae Arnica cordifolia Heart-leaf arnica Asteraceae Arnica diversifolia Sticky arnica Asteraceae Arnica latifolia Mountain arnica Asteraceae Arnica nevadensis Sierra arnica Asteraceae Aruncus sylvester Goatsbeard Rosaceae Aster brachyatis Rayless alkali aster Asteraceae Aster frondosus Alkali aster Asteraceae Aster ledophyllus Cascade aster Asteraceae Aster modestus Great northern aster Asteraceae Athyrium filix-femina Lady fern Polypodiaceae Berberis aquifolium Tall Oregongrape Berberidaceae Berberis nervosa Cascade Oregongrape Berberidaceae Blechnum spicant Deer fern Polypodiaceae Botrychium lanceolatum Triangle moonwort Ophioglossaceae Bromus orcuttianus Orcutt's brome Poaceae Bromus sitchensis Alaska brome Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Poaceae Calamagrostis howellii Howell's reedgrass Poaceae Calamagrostis sequiflora 1 &1/2 flowered reedgrass Poaceae Callitriche stagnalis Pond water-starwort Callitrichaceae Caltha biflora White marshmarigold Ranunculaceae Campanula scouleri Scouler's harebell Campanulaceae Cardamine angulata Seaside bittercress Brassicaceae Cardamine oligosperma Little Western bittercress Brassicaceae Cardamine pennsylvanica Pennsylvania bittercress Brassicaceae Carex canescens Silvery sedge Cyperaceae Carex deweyana Dewey's sedge Cyperaceae Carex disperma Soft-leaved sedge Cyperaceae Carex illota Sheep sedge Cyperaceae Carex lenticularis Lenticular sedge Cyperaceae Carex leporina Hare sedge Cyperaceae Carex leporinella Sierra hare sedge Cyperaceae Carex limnophylla Pond sedge Cyperaceae Carex mertensii Merten's sedge Cyperaceae Carex microptera Small-winged sedge Cyperaceae Carex obnupta Slough sedge Cyperaceae Carex pachystachya Pachystachy sedge Cyperaceae Carex paysonis Sedge Cyperaceae Carex phaeocephala Mountain hare sedge Cyperaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 2 of 10 Carex praticola Sedge Cyperaceae Carex preslii Presl sedge Cyperaceae Carex proposita Sedge Cyperaceae Carex rossii Ross' sedge Cyperaceae Carex spectabilis Showy sedge Cyperaceae Carex stipata Sawbeak sedge Cyperaceae Carex subfusca Sedge Cyperaceae Castilleja miniata Scarlet paintbrush Scrophulariaceae Centaurium umbellatum* Common centaury Gentianaceae Cerastium arvense Field chickweed Caryophyllaceae Cerastium nutans* Nodding chickweed Caryophyllaceae Ceratophyllum demersum Hornwort Ceratophyllaceae Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa Ericaceae Chrysanthemum leucanthemum* Ox-eye daisy Asteraceae Cinna latifolia Reedgrass Poaceae Circaea alpina Enchanter's nightshade Onagraceae Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae Cirsium vulgare* Bull thistle Asteraceae Claytonia lanceolata Western spring beauty Portulacaceae Clintonia uniflora Queen's cup Liliaceae Collomia debilis Alpine collomia Polemoniaceae Collomia heterophylla Varied-leaf collomia Polemoniaceae Conyza canadensis* Horseweed Asteraceae Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornaceae Corydalis scouleri Western corydalis Fumariaceae Crepis capillaris* Smooth hawksbeard Asteraceae Cryptogramma crispa Parsley fern Polypodiaceae Cynosurus echinatus* Hedgehog dogtail Poaceae Cystopteris fragilis Fragile fern Polypodiaceae Cytisus scoparius* Scot's broom Fabaceae Dactylis glomerata* Orchard grass Poaceae Danthonia intermedia Timber oatgrass Poaceae Daucus carota* Queen Anne's lace Apiaceae Deschampsia atropurpurea Mountain hairgrass Poaceae Deschampsia danthonoides Annual hairgrass Poaceae Deschampsia elongata Slender hairgrass Poaceae Dicentra formosa Bleeding heart Fumariaceae Digatalis purpurea* Foxglove Scrophulariaceae Disporum smithii Smith fairy-bell Liliaceae Draba verna Spring whitlow-grass Brassicaceae Eleocharis palustris Common spike-rush Cyperaceae Elymus glaucus Western ryegrass Poaceae Epilobium alpinum Alpine willow-herb Onagraceae Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed Onagraceae Epilobium glaberrimum Smooth willow-herb Onagraceae Epilobium latifolium Dwarf fireweed Onagraceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 3 of 10 Epilobium luteum Yellow willow-herb Onagraceae Epilobium minutum Small-flowered willow-herb Onagraceae Epilobium paniculatum Tall annual willow-herb Onagraceae Epilobium watsonii Watson's willow-herb Onagraceae Equisetum arvense Common horsetail Equisetaceae Equisetum fluviatale Swamp horsetail Equisetaceae Equisetum hyemale Scouring rush Equisetaceae Equisetum palustre Marsh horsetail Equisetaceae Erigeron aliceae Alice fleabane Asteraceae Erigeron annuus Annual fleabane Asteraceae Erigeron lonchophyllus Spear-leaf fleabane Asteraceae Erigeron peregrinus Subalpine daisy Asteraceae Eriogonum pyrolifolium Alpine buckwheat Polygonaceae Eriophyllum lanatum Oregon sunshine Asteraceae Erythronium grandiflorum Glacier lily Liliaceae Erythronium montanum Avalanche lily Liliaceae Festuca arundinacea* Tall fescue Poaceae Festuca idahoensis Blue bunchgrass Poaceae Festuca myuros* Rat-tail fescue Poaceae Festuca occidentalis Western fescue Poaceae Festuca rubra Red fescue Poaceae Fragaria virginiana Woods strawberry Rosaceae Galium asperimum Rough bedstraw Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Fragrant bedstraw Rubiaceae Gaultheria humifusa Alpine wintergreen Ericaceae Gaultheria ovatifolia Slender wintergreen Ericaceae Gaultheria shallon Salal Ericaceae Geum macrophyllum Large-leaved avens Rosaceae Glyceria elata Tall mannagrass Poaceae Gnaphalium microcephalum Slender cudweed Asteraceae Gnaphalium purpureum Purple cudweed Asteraceae Gnaphalium uliginosum* Marsh cudweed Asteraceae Gratiola neglecta American hedge-hyssop Scrophulariaceae Grindelia integrifolia Coastal gumweed Asteraceae Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak fern Polypodiaceae Habenaria saccata Slender bog-orchid Orchidaceae Heracleum lanatum Cow parsnip Apiaceae Heuchera glabra Smooth alumroot Saxifragaceae Heuchera micrantha Small-flowered alumroot Saxifragaceae Hieracium albiflorum White-flowered hawkweed Asteraceae Hieracium gracile Slender hawkweed Asteraceae Holcus lanatus* Common velvet grass Poaceae Holodiscus discolor Ocean spray Rosaceae Hordeum jubatum Foxtail barley Poaceae Hydrophyllum fendleri Fendler's waterleaf Hydrophyllaceae Hypericum perforatum* Klamath weed Hypericaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 4 of 10 Hypochaeris glabra* Smooth cat's-ear Asteraceae Hypochaeris radicata* Hairy cat's-ear Asteraceae Juncus acuminatus Tapered rush Juncaceae Juncus articulatus Jointed rush Juncaceae Juncus bolanderi Bolander's rush Juncaceae Juncus bufonius* Toad rush Juncaceae Juncus effusus Soft rush Juncaceae Juncus ensifolius Daggerleaf rush Juncaceae Juncus mertensianus Merten's rush Juncaceae Juncus nevadensis Sierra rush Juncaceae Juncus parryi Parry's rush Juncaceae Juncus regelii Regel's rush Juncaceae Juncus tenuis Slender rush Juncaceae Juniperus communis Mountain juniper Cupressaceae Lactuca muralis* Wall lettuce Asteraceae Lactuca serriola* Prickly lettuce Asteraceae Lapsana communis* Nipplewort Asteraceae Lemna minor Water lentil Lemnaceae Leontodon nudicaulis* Hairy hawkbit Asteraceae Ligusticum grayi Gray's lovage Apiaceae Lilium columbianum Tiger lily Liliaceae Linanthus bicolor Bicolored linanthus Polemoniaceae Linnaea borealis Twinflower Caprifoliaceae Lolium multiflorum* Italian ryegrass Poaceae Lolium perenne* English ryegrass Poaceae Lolium temulentum* Darnel Poaceae Lomatium martindalei Few-flowered lomatium Apiaceae Lonicera ciliosa Orange honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Lotus corniculatus* Birdsfoot trefoil Fabaceae Lotus micranthus Miniature lotus Fabaceae Lotus purshiana Spanish clover Fabaceae Luetkea pectinata Partridge foot Rosaceae Luina hypoleuca Silverback luina Asteraceae Lupinus latifolius Broad-leaf lupine Fabaceae Lupinus lepidus Prairie lupine Fabaceae Lupinus rivularis Streambank lupine Fabaceae Luzula campestris Field woodrush Juncaceae Luzula divaricata Forked woodrush Juncaceae Luzula hitchcockii Smooth woodrush Juncaceae Luzula parviflora Small-flowered woodrush Juncaceae Lycopodium sitchense Alaska clubmoss Lycopodiaceae Lysichiton americanum Skunk cabbage Araceae Maianthemum dilatatum False lily-of-the-valley Liliaceae Matricaria matricarioides* Pineapple weed Asteraceae Medicago lupulina* Black medic Fabaceae Melilotus alba* White sweet-clover Fabaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 5 of 10 Menziesia ferruginea Fool's huckleberry Ericaceae Mertensia paniculata Tall bluebells Boraginaceae Microseris alpestris Alpine lake agoseris Asteraceae Microsteris gracilis Pink microsteris Polemoniaceae Mimulus floribundus Purple-stem monkey-flower Scrophulariaceae Mimulus gutattus Common monkey-flower Scrophulariaceae Mimulus lewisii Lewis's monkey-flower Scrophulariaceae Mitella breweri Brewer's miterwort Saxifragaceae Mitella pentandra Alpine miterwort Saxifragaceae Montia parvifolia Streambank spring beauty Portulacaceae Montia perfoliata Miner's lettuce Portulacaceae Montia siberica Candyflower Portulacaceae Myosotis arvensis* Field forget-me-not Boraginaceae Myosotis laxa Small-flowered forget-me-not Boraginaceae Myriophyllum spicatum* Spiked water-milfoil Haloragaceae Navarretia squarrosa Skunkweed Polemoniaceae Nothochelone nemerosa Woodland beard-tongue Scrophulariaceae Oenanthe sarmentosa Water parsley Apiaceae Oplopanax horridum Devil's club Araliaceae Osmorhiza chilensis Mountain sweet-cicely Apiaceae Osmorhiza purpurea Purple sweet-cicely Apiaceae Oxalis oregana Oregon wood-sorrel Oxalidaceae Oxalis trilliifolia Great oxalis Oxalidaceae Pachistima myrsinites Mountain box Celastraceae Parentucellia viscosa* Yellow parentucellia Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis racemosa Sickletop lousewort Scrophulariaceae Penstemon cardwellii Cardwell's penstemon Scrophulariaceae Penstemon rupicola Cliff penstemon Scrophulariaceae Penstemon serrulatus Cascade penstemon Scrophulariaceae Petasites frigidus Coltsfoot Asteraceae Phacelia hastata White-leaf phacelia Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia heterophylla Varileaf phacelia Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia nemoralis Woodland phacelia Hydrophyllaceae Phleum alpinum Alpine timothy Poaceae Phleum pratense* Timothy Poaceae Phlox diffusa Spreading phlox Polemoniaceae Phyllodoce empetriformis Red mountain heather Ericaceae Phyllodoce glanduliflora Yellow heather Ericaceae Picea sitchensis Sitka spruce Pinaceae Pinus contorta Lodgepole pine Pinaceae Pinus monticola Western white pine Pinaceae Plantago lanceolata* English plantain Plantaginaceae Plantago major* Common plantain Plantaginaceae Poa compressa Canadian bluegrass Poaceae Poa gracillima Slender bluegrass Poaceae Poa incurva Curly bluegrass Poaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 6 of 10 Poa nervosa Wheeler's bluegrass Poaceae Poa pratensis* Kentucky bluegrass Poaceae Poa sandbergii Sandberg's bluegrass Poaceae Poa trivialis Roughstalk bluegrass Poaceae Polygonum douglasii Douglas' knotweed Polygonaceae Polygonum minimum Leafy dwarf knotweed Polygonaceae Polygonum newberryi Newberry's knotweed Polygonaceae Polygonum persicaria* Heartweed Polygonaceae Polystichum lonchitis Holly fern Polypodiaceae Polystichum munitum Sword fern Polypodiaceae Populus tremuloides Quaking aspen Salicaceae Populus trichocarpa Black cottonwood Salicaceae Potamogeton natans Floating-leaf pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pectinatus Fennel-leaf pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potentilla anserina Common silverweed Rosaceae Potentilla biennis Biennial cinquefoil Rosaceae Potentilla glandulosa Sticky cinquefoil Rosaceae Prunella vulgaris Self-heal Lamiaceae Prunus emarginata Bitter cherry Rosaceae Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir Pinaceae Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Polypodiaceae Pyrola secunda One-sided wintergreen Ericaceae Ranunculus aquatilis Water buttercup Ranunculaceae Ranunculus eschscholtzii Snow buttercup Ranunculaceae Ranunculus repens* Creeping buttercup Ranunculaceae Ranunculus scleratus Blister buttercup Ranunculaceae Rhamnus purshiana Cascara Rhamnaceae Rhododendron albiflorum White rhododendron Ericaceae Ribes bracteosum Stink currant Grossulariaceae Ribes howellii Maple-leaf currant Grossulariaceae Ribes lacustre Prickly currant Grossulariaceae Ribes laxiflorum Trailing black currant Grossulariaceae Ribes sanguinium Red-flowered currant Grossulariaceae Ribes viscosissimum Sticky currant Grossulariaceae Ribes watsonianum Watson gooseberry Grossulariaceae Rorippa curvisiliqua Western yellowcress Brassicaceae Rorippa islandica Marsh yellowcress Brassicaceae Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum* Water cress Brassicaceae Rosa gymnocarpa Baldhip rose Rosaceae Rosa nutkana Nootka rose Rosaceae Rosa pisocarpa Clustered wild rose Rosaceae Rubus discolor* Himalayan blackberry Rosaceae Rubus idaeus Red raspberry Rosaceae Rubus laciniatus* Evergreen blackberry Rosaceae Rubus lasiococcus Dwarf bramble Rosaceae Rubus leucodermis Blackcap Rosaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 7 of 10 Rubus nivalis Snow bramble Rosaceae Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry Rosaceae Rubus pedatus Strawberry bramble Rosaceae Rubus spectabilus Salmonberry Rosaceae Rubus ursinus Wild blackberry Rosaceae Rumex acetocella* Sheep sorrel Polygonaceae Rumex crispus* Sour dock Polygonaceae Rumex obtusifolius* Broad-leaved dock Polygonaceae Sagina saginoides Alpine pearlwort Caryophyllaceae Salix barclayi Barclay's willow Salicaceae Salix commutata Variable willow Salicaceae Salix exigua Coyote willow Salicaceae Salix geyeriana Geyer willow Salicaceae Salix lasiandra Pacific willow Salicaceae Salix myrtillifolia Blueberry willow Salicaceae Salix scouleriana Scouler willow Salicaceae Salix sitchensis Sitka willow Salicaceae Sambucus racemosa Red elderberry Caprifoliaceae Sanicula crassicaulis Pacific sanicle Apiaceae Saxifraga arguta Brook saxifrage Saxifragaceae Saxifraga ferruginea Rusty saxifrage Saxifragaceae Saxifraga tolmiei Alpine saxifrage Saxifragaceae Scirpus acutus Hard-stem bulrush Cyperaceae Scirpus americanus Three-square bulrush Cyperaceae Scirpus maritimus Seacoast bulrush Cyperaceae Scirpus microcarpus Small-flowered bulrush Cyperaceae Scirpus validus Soft-stem bulrush Cyperaceae Sedum oreganum Oregon stonecrop Crassulaceae Senecio fremontii Dwarf mountain butterweed Asteraceae Senecio jacobaea* Tansy ragwort Asteraceae Senecio sylvaticus* Wood groundsel Asteraceae Senecio triangularis Arrowleaf groundsel Asteraceae Senecio vulgaris* Common groundsel Asteraceae Sibbaldia procumbens Creeping sibbaldia Rosaceae Silene parryi Parry's silene Caryophyllaceae Sitanion hystrix Squirreltail Poaceae Sitanion jubatum Big squirreltail Poaceae Smilacina racemosa False Solomon's seal Liliaceae Smilacina stellata Star-flowered Solomon's seal Liliaceae Solidago canadensis Meadow goldenrod Asteraceae Sonchus arvensis* Field sowthistle Asteraceae Sonchus asper* Prickly sowthistle Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus* Common sowthistle Asteraceae Sorbus scopulina Cascade mountain-ash Rosaceae Sorbus sitchensis Sitka mountain-ash Rosaceae Spergularia rubra* Red sandspurry Caryophyllaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 8 of 10 Spiraea betulifolia Birch-leafed spirea Rosaceae Spiraea densiflora Rosy spirea Rosaceae Spiraea douglasii Hardhack Rosaceae Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded ladies-tresses Orchidaceae Spraguea umbellata Pussypaws Portulacaceae Stachys cooleyae Cooley's hedge-nettle Lamiaceae Stellaria calycantha Northern starwort Caryophyllaceae Stellaria crispa Crisped starwort Caryophyllaceae Stellaria nitens Shining chickweed Caryophyllaceae Stipa occidentalis Western needlegrass Poaceae Streptopus amplexifolius Clasping-leaved twisted-stalk Liliaceae Taraxacum officinale* Dandelion Asteraceae Taxus brevifolia Western yew Taxaceae Tellima grandiflora Fringecup Saxifragaceae Thuja plicata Western red cedar Cupressaceae Tiarella trifoliata Foamflower Saxifragaceae Tolmiea menziesii Youth-on-age Saxifragaceae Trautvettaria caroliniensis False bugbane Ranunculaceae Trientalis latifolia Broadleaved starflower Primulaceae Trifolium microcephalum Woolly clover Fabaceae Trifolium pratense* Red clover Fabaceae Trifolium repens* White clover Fabaceae Trillium ovatum White trillium Liliaceae Trisetum canescens Tall trisetum Poaceae Trisetum cernuum Nodding trisetum Poaceae Trisetum spicatum Downy oat-grass Poaceae Tsuga heterophylla Western hemlock Pinaceae Tsuga mertensiana Mountain hemlock Pinaceae Typha latifolia Common cattail Typhaceae Urtica dioica Stinging nettle Urticaceae Vaccinium deliciosum Cascade huckleberry Ericaceae Vaccinium membranaceum Mountain huckleberry Ericaceae Vaccinium ovalifolium Oval-leafed huckleberry Ericaceae Vaccinium parvifolium Red huckleberry Ericaceae Valeriana sitchensis Sitka valerian Valerianaceae Vancouveria hexandra Inside-out-flower Berberidaceae Veratrum viride Green false hellebore Liliaceae Verbascum thapsus* Common mullein Scrophulariaceae Verbena hastata Blue vervain Verbenaceae Veronica americana American brooklime Scrophulariaceae Veronica anagallis-aquatica* Water pimpernel Scrophulariaceae Veronica officinalis* Common speedwell Scrophulariaceae Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaf speedwell Scrophulariaceae Vicia americana American vetch Fabaceae Viola glabella Stream violet Violaceae Viola orbiculata Round-leaved violet Violaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 9 of 10 Viola sempervirens Evergreen violet Violaceae Xerophyllum tenax Beargrass Liliaceae

Mt. St. Helens, Skamania County, Washington WNPS Plant Lists Page 10 of 10