NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources

NGSSS SCIENCE SUPPLEMENTAL RESOURCES STUDENT PACKET Biology SC.912.L.14.36

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE THE SCHOOL BOARD OF MIAMI-DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA

Ms. Perla Tabares Hantman, Chair Dr. Lawrence S. Feldman, Vice-Chair Dr. Dorothy Bendross-Mindingall Ms. Susie V. Castillo Dr. Wilbert “Tee” Holloway Dr. Martin Karp Ms. Lubby Navarro Ms. Raquel A. Regalado Dr. Marta Pérez Wurtz

Mr. Logan Schroeder-Stephens Student Advisor

Mr. Alberto M. Carvalho Superintendent of Schools

Ms. Maria L. Izquierdo Chief Academic Officer Office of Academics and Transformation

Dr. Maria P. de Armas Assistant Superintendent Division of Academics

Mr. Cristian Carranza Administrative Director Division of Academics Department of Mathematics and Science

Dr. Ava D. Rosales Executive Director Department of Mathematics and Science

Introduction

The purpose of this document is to provide students with enhancement tutorial sessions that will enrich the depth of content knowledge of the Biology 1 course. Each tutorial session is aligned to Biology Annually Assessed Benchmarks of the Next Generation Sunshine State Standards (NGSSS) as described in the course description and the Biology Item Specifications and include an ExploreLearning Gizmos activity and/or a science demonstration followed by assessment questions.

The Nature of Science Body of Knowledge (BOK) is embedded in all lessons. Teachers are encouraged to generate an inquiry-based environment where students grow in scientific thinking while creating and responding to higher-order questions.

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 5 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Table of Contents

Classification, Heredity, and Evolution - SC.912.L.14.36 Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system.

Activity 1 - Circulatory System 3

Activity 2 – Circulatory System Jeopardy Online Game 10

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 6 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Activity 1 – Circulatory System

Vocabulary: artery, atrium, blood vessel, capillary, circulatory system, heart, platelet, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, red blood cell, urea, ventricle, vein, white blood cell

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) ______

1. Why do you need blood? ______

2. What organ pushes blood through your body? ______

Gizmo Warm-up

The Circulatory System Gizmo™ shows the heart and blood vessels that make up the circulatory system. Look at the heart.

1. How many chambers does the heart have? ______

2. Do you see tiny “doors” that open and close as blood is pumped through the heart? ____ These are valves. Valves keep blood from flowing backward.

3. Turn on Show labels. What are the names of the chambers? ______

4. Observe the two parts of the heartbeat. The first part of the heartbeat is nicknamed “lub,” and the second is nicknamed “dub.” (This is because a heartbeat sounds like “lub-dub.”)

A. Which chambers contract during “lub”? ______

B. Which chambers contract during “dub”? ______

5. Challenge: Why do you think the left atrium and left ventricle are shown on the right side of the diagram? ______

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 7 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 A: Blood Flow

Engage Question: How does blood flow through the heart?

1. Get the Gizmo ready:  Turn off Show labels.  Turn on Show blood flow.

2. Observe: Blood in each chamber of the heart is represented by little balls. Observe the balls as they move through the heart and lungs .

3. Label: Turn on Show labels. Label the four chambers of the heart on the diagram. Then draw arrows to show the direction that blood flows through the heart.

Starting at the right atrium, in what order does blood flow through the four chambers?

right atrium ______

4. Analyze: Observe the path of blood that leaves each ventricle.

A. Where does blood from the right ventricle go? ______

B. Where does blood from the left ventricle go? ______

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 8 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 5. Collect data: Use the syringe to collect a blood sample from the right (blue) side of the heart. Look at the Data from blood sample on the right side of the Gizmo.

A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? ______

B. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? ______

6. Collect data: Collect a sample from the left (red) side of the heart.

A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? ______

B. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? ______

7. Draw conclusions: Between the right ventricle and the left atrium, blood goes through the lungs. Based on the data you have collected, what happens in the lungs? ______

8. Video Clip: Follow the link below:

http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/human_heart.html

Play this short clip. As it plays, stop & play as needed to create class discussion. Use this time to correct misconceptions and build on student responses.

B: Blood Circulation

Engage Question: How is blood carried to different parts of the body?

1. Get the Gizmo ready:  Check that Show labels is on.  Turn on Show blood flow.

2. Observe: Watch the blood after it leaves the left ventricle. What are some places that blood goes after leaving the heart? ______

3. Compare: The Gizmo shows three types of blood vessels. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, capillaries carry blood to body cells, and veins carry blood back to the heart. Locate examples of arteries, veins, and capillaries.

Use the syringe to take blood samples from several different veins and arteries.

A. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-rich blood? ______

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 9 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 B. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-poor blood? ______

C. In which type of blood vessel is oxygen released into body cells? ______

4. Challenge: The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the lungs back to the left atrium. Locate these blood vessels, and use the syringe to take a blood sample from each.

A. How is the blood in the pulmonary artery different from blood in other arteries? ______

B. How is the blood in the pulmonary vein different from blood in other veins? ______

5. Extend your thinking: How is the circulatory system similar to a road-and-highway system? ______

C: What’s in your Blood

Engage Question: What is inside blood?

1. Get the Gizmo ready:  Take a blood sample from any blood vessel using the syringe.

2. Observe: Look at the Microscopic view of blood sample. Sketch what you see in the space at right. (If you like, you could also click the camera icon to take a Gizmo snapshot, and then paste your snapshot into a blank word-processing document.)

Find and label the following objects in your sketch:

 Red blood cells (small, round cells that carry oxygen)  White blood cells (large, irregular cells that fight disease)  Platelets (tiny fragments that help to stop bleeding when you are cut)

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 10 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 3. Collect data: Blood carries many vital substances. Four of these are listed above the Microscopic view. Oxygen and sugar are needed by all body cells. Carbon dioxide and urea are waste products. What are the concentrations of each substance in this sample?

Oxygen: ______Carbon dioxide: ______Sugar: ______Urea: ______

______

4. Investigate: Take samples of blood from all over the body. Try to determine where sugar enters the blood, and where it is removed.

A. Where does sugar enter the blood? ______

B. How can you tell where sugar enters the blood? ______

C. Where is sugar removed from the blood? ______

D. How can you tell? ______

5. Investigate: Take blood samples to determine where urea enters the blood and is removed.

A. Where does urea enter the blood? ______

B. Where is urea removed from the blood? ______

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 11 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Assessment 1 – Circulatory System

1. Which statement describes the chamber marked with a star?

A. It is the right atrium, and it pumps blood to the lungs. B. It is the right ventricle, and it pumps blood to the lungs. C. It is the right atrium, and it pumps blood to the body. D. It is the right ventricle, and it pumps blood to the body.

2. What type of blood vessel returns blood to the heart?

A. artery B. vein C. capillary D. none of the above

3. In what order does blood flow through the body and heart?

A. Right atrium, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, body. B. Right atrium, left ventricle, lungs, left atrium, right ventricle, body. C. Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left ventricle, left atrium, body. D. Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body.

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 12 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 4. Which of these blood samples most likely came from the left ventricle?

A. Sample A (bright red blood cells) B. Sample B (dark red blood cells) C. Both samples could have come from the left ventricle. D. Neither sample could have come from the left ventricle.

5. Which statement is true?

A. All arteries carry oxygen-rich blood. B. All veins carry oxygen-rich blood. C. All arteries except the pulmonary artery carry oxygen-rich blood. D. All veins except the pulmonary vein carry oxygen-rich blood.

NGSSS Science Supplemental Resources Page 13 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Activity 2 – Circulatory System Jeopardy Online Game

Circulatory System Jeopardy Online Game https://jeopardylabs.com/play/circulatory-system-the-heart

Directions:  Your teacher will give everyone directions on how this Jeopardy game will be played.

2013-2014 Science Enrichment Tutorial Page 14 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Assessment 2 - Circulatory System

Complete the following sentences using the appropriate words from the textbook.

1 High blood pressure, or ______, is a common disorder that can be caused by clogged arteries.

2 Arteries may be clogged by fatty deposits on their walls, causing the condition known as ______.

3 The blood vessels that move blood away from the heart are called ______.

4 The microscopic blood vessels that connect arteries and veins are called ______.

5 The blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart are called ______

6 Blood from all parts of the body, except the lungs, goes to the ______of the heart.

7 Between the chambers of the heart are ______, which prevent blood from flowing back into the chamber it has already passed through.

8 Blood moves from the right atrium to the ______.

9 From the right ventricle, blood moves to the ______.

10 The flow of blood through the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart is called ______.

11 Arteries may be clogged by fatty deposits on their walls, causing the condition known as ______.

2013-2014 Science Enrichment Tutorial Page 15 Biology SC.912.L.14.36 Anti-Discrimination Policy

Federal and State Laws

The School Board of Miami-Dade County, Florida adheres to a policy of nondiscrimination in employment and educational programs/activities and strives affirmatively to provide equal opportunity for all as required by:

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 - prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as amended - prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin.

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 - prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender.

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) as amended - prohibits discrimination on the basis of age with respect to individuals who are at least 40.

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 as amended - prohibits gender discrimination in payment of wages to women and men performing substantially equal work in the same establishment.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - prohibits discrimination against the disabled.

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) - prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in employment, public service, public accommodations and telecommunications.

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) - requires covered employers to provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job- protected leave to "eligible" employees for certain family and medical reasons.

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 - prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.

Florida Educational Equity Act (FEEA) - prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, gender, national origin, marital status, or handicap against a student or employee.

Florida Civil Rights Act of 1992 - secures for all individuals within the state freedom from discrimination because of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, handicap, or marital status.

Title II of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) - prohibits discrimination against employees or applicants because of genetic information.

Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act of 2002 – no public school shall deny equal access to, or a fair opportunity for groups to meet on school premises or in school facilities before or after school hours, or discriminate against any group officially affiliated with Boy Scouts of America or any other youth or community group listed in Title 36 (as a patriotic society).

Veterans are provided re-employment rights in accordance with P.L. 93-508 (Federal Law) and Section 295.07 (Florida Statutes), which stipulate categorical preferences for employment.

In Addition: School Board Policies 1362, 3362, 4362, and 5517 - Prohibit harassment and/or discrimination against students, employees, or applicants on the basis of sex, race, color, ethnic or national origin, religion, marital status, disability, genetic information, age, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender, gender identification, social and family background, linguistic preference, pregnancy, and any other legally prohibited basis. Retaliation for engaging in a protected activity is also prohibited. Revised: (07.14)