Escáner No Lineal Fonológico: Borrador Español

Nonlinear Scan Analysis for Spanish: April 2011 ©

B. May Bernhardt, Mario Chávez-Peón, Marcy Adler-Bock

Adapted from Bernhardt, B.H. and Stemberger, J.P. (2000): Workbook in Nonlinear Phonology for Clinical Application. Austin, Tx: Pro-Ed.

Name ______Birthdate______

Date of test ______Age ______

Hearing: ______Dialect:______

General communication: Strengths, difficulties

______

Referrals ______

Order of treatment goals and treatment strategies Word Structure Positional, sequence Features and segments Immediate goals & numbered order

Therapy 1. Segments for structure, positional/seq goals: 1. Word shapes to use: strategies by goal #

2. Tx Strategies:

1 Overview – A Quick Look (5-10 minutes)

Level Forms Clear Strength Needs analysis (Circle)

Word Word length, Word length  Word length or  structure presence of  word length consonants in word Word-initial Cs effects  positions Word-medial Cs  irrespective of Word-final Cs  Word-initial Cs  segmental match  Word-medial Cs  Clusters Word-final Cs   Clusters  Pages 3, 7 Vowels Vowels   - Page 4 VV sequences   - Page 4 Consonants Manner (more than Stops, nasals, glides   stops, nasals, Fricatives, affricates  - Pages 5,6 glides?) /l/  /r/  Place of articulation Labial   Coronal  - Pages 5,6 Dorsal (Velar)  Voiceless vs   voiced? - Pages 5,6

Variability a. Same word None  Rare 

 Page 7 and b. Same target None  Rare  sequences Assimilation, None  Rare  dissimilation, coalescence, metathesis/migration Other Information Strengths Needs Unknown Language production

Language comprehension

Preliteracy/literacy/phonological awareness

Motor skills (gross, fine, oral mechanism) Social skills

2 Cognitive skills Word Structure Analysis: Scan only, no counts

A. Inventory or independent analysis = the forms used by the child B. Relational analysis = comparison with adult Colour code: Strengths, needs, inconsistency. WI=word-initial, WM=word-medial, WF=word-final

Inventory Summary Inventory: CV Word Shapes; Stress by Length: (parentheses = optional) 1 syllable  Frequent word structures in CV:

Strength?  Need?  CV(V) CV(V)C Other______

Most complex CV shapes: Single C Onsets? Single C Codas?

Missing data? Clusters: WI WF 2/word?

2 syllables  Frequent word structures in CV:

Strength?  Need?  CV(V)CV CV(V)CVC CVCCV(C) Other______Most complex CV shapes: Single Cs: WI WM WF uS stress? CC: 1/word 2/word Missing data? CC WI WM WF

Stress: uS Su (u=unstressed; S=stressed)

3 or more syl.  Examples of long word shapes (CV): Strength?  Need?  Single Cs: WI WM WF Most complex CV shapes? CC: WI WM WF CCC WI WM WF

uSu(u): Suu? Stress: uSu uuS uuSu uuSuu Suu Missing? Other______2-3 CCs in a word  CCs & WF C in word 

B. Comparison with Adult Target Circle or check Pattern 1 syllable 2 syllables Multisyllabic Syllable deletion Yes Often? Yes Often? Syllable addition Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? (V epenthesis) Stress Shift Yes Often? Yes Often?

Pattern WI WM WF Pattern  in long words Adds Cs Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Singleton C deletion Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? C deletion in CC(C) Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Overused segment Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often? Yes Often?

Strengths: ______Needs: ______Enter P. 8

3 Vowels - ONLY IF THERE IS A NEED

A. Inventory or independent analysis = the forms used by the child B. Relational or comparative analysis = comparison with the adult forms Colour code as: Strength, absent, inconsistent

Vowel inventory Needs?

a e i o u

Colour code inconsistent or missing vowels by features below. Feature Vowels Patterns of difference from adult target

Stressed Unstressed

Dorsal [+back] u o a

Coronal i e

Dorsal [+high] i u

Dorsal [-high] & [-low] e o

Dorsal [+low] a

Labial [+round] u o

[-round] i e a

VV Vowel Sequences Patterns VV Needs Rising ai oi ei au diphthong eu ui

ia e.a ie Falling diphthong io i.o ue ua

Prosody, intonation, rhythm, speech rate factors?

Enter major vowel strengths and needs on Page 8

4 Inventory of Client’s Single Consonants: Match, absent, (inconsistent), present but not for adult target SF= syllable-final, SI=syllable-initial.

Cs – adult Category Initial Medial Final (Features) language SF SI Stops, nasals p b m m p (b) β m Use Labial colour Coronal t d n t (d) ð n n +anterior n coding for client Dorsal k g ŋ k (g) ɣ ɲ ŋ usage. (Palatal: Cor-Dor) Frics/affricates Labial f f Coronal +anterior s (θ) s s (θ) s (h) (glottal) (θ)/ (θ) (h) Coronal -anterior ¨ll¨(ʃ /tʃ / dʒ / j / ¨ll¨(ʃ / tʃ/ dʒ/ j ʝ) ʃ v) tʃ tʃ Dorsal x/h x/h x/h (Glottal) Liquids (Cor) l l Lateral l ɾ ɾ l Tap r r ɾ

Trill Glides w j j Lab-Dor, Lab-Cor Non-English

SUMMARY OF INVENTORY (following from word positions above) Mostly Match

Inconsistent

Present but not for adult target

Absent from adult inventory Not elicited

Consonants missing in one established word position but found elsewhere in word (Word Position Goals) Initial SF Medial SI Medial Final

Enter all C, Feature, Strengths and Needs from this page on Page 8.

5 Singleton Consonants and Features: Substitution Patterns Describe the substitutions that concern the feature at the left of the row, i.e., mismatch of manner only in the manner rows. Focus on substitutions here, not deletions unless deletions are restricted to a small number of place, manner or voicing features. Medial Adult feature Adult consonant Initial SF SI Final Manner j (h) Glides [-consonantal] [+son] & [+cons] l ɾ r (trill) [+lateral] l Nasals: m n ɲ [ŋ] [+nasal] Stops: p b t d k g [-continuant] ( & [-nasal]) Fricatives: f (θ) [β] s [ð] x [ɣ] [+continuant] (Dialect: ʃ ʝ ʒ) (& [-sonorant]) Affricates: Affricate tʃ [-continuant], (Dialect: dʒ) [+continuant] Place: p b m f w [β] Labial Labiodental f

Coronal t d n s θ [ð] l ɾ (tap) r [+anterior] (trill) [-anterior] tʃ (ʃ ʒ dʒ) ɲ j (ʝ)

[+grooved] s tʃ (Dialect: ʃ, ʒ, dʒ ʝ) [-grooved] θ [ð] (t, d, l, n) Dorsal k g [ŋ] x [ɣ] (w) j ɲ Laryngeal p t k b d g β ð ɣ (ʒ, [-spread glottis] dʒ, ʝ) [+spread glottis] f s θ tʃ (ʃ) x (h) [+voiced] b d g β ð ɣ (ʒ,dʒ) [-voiced] p t k f s tʃ x (h) Manner defaults? ______Place default? ______Laryngeal default? ______

6 Sequences: Processes

If there are any of the following processes, it is important to examine the sequences that result in these processes. Write down examples of words with these processes.

Assimilation: Metathesis Epenthesis Dissimilation Coalescence [globo] > [bobo] /st/ > [ts] /plaja/ > /pu/ > [pi] /sp/ > [f] [pəlaja] (no labial CV sequence)

Sequences: Consonants across Vowels: Examine CVC, CVC(C)V(C) Write down words here only if there are entries in the chart above.

Adult Sequence Adult Sequence Adult Sequence Labial-Labial Coronal-Coronal Dorsal-Dorsal

Labial-Coronal Coronal-Labial Dorsal-Labial

Labial-Dorsal Coronal-Dorsal Dorsal-Coronal

Other (manner, voicing)

Major Clusters – Strength, need, inconsistent

Initial inventory (colour code) : pl pr bl br tr dr kl kr gl gr fl fr (can also include WI CC with [w] or [j] unless /ue/ and /je/ etc. treated as VV)

Patterns of substitution or deletion?

Medial inventory (colour code): Nasal + C /r/ + C [h] + C fricative + C /s/+C(C) stop + C l + C

Patterns of substitution or deletion?

7 Objectives and Therapy Ideas/Strategies Word Structure Word Positions, Features and segments (from p. 3) Sequences (from p. 5, 7) (from pages 5, 6) Clear Syllables per Cs by word position Cs by type or feature (from Strengths word: (from matches p. 5) match row p. 5) WI Manner:

Stress patterns WM Place:

CV word shapes: WF Laryngeal:

Sequences (from p. 7) Vowels:

Needs Syllables per C by word position (from Cs: Individual features word: bottom, p. 5) (from p. 5, 6) WI Manner:

Stress patterns: WM (SF, coda) Place:

WM (SI, onset) Laryngeal:

CV word shapes: WF Cs: Feature Combos Manner-Place

Sequences Manner-Laryngeal C_C:

CC: Place-Laryngeal

V_V: Place-Place, glides:

VV: V features or combos:

Other factors to consider (From P. 2)

Immediate goal & order (or use P. 1) Therapy 1. Segments to use for structures: 1. CV shapes to use: strategies 2. Strategies: 2. Strategies: