School of Arts and Media

MODULE OPTION BOOKLET

LEVELS 5 AND 6

BA (Hons) Contemporary Military & International History

Academic Year

2015 – 2016

1 Contents Page

General Notes on the Booklet 3

Overview of CMIH Module Options 4

Module Descriptions: Semester 1 5

Module Descriptions: Semester 2 10

University-wide Language Programme 17

2 General Notes on the Booklet

FOR ALL CMIH STUDENTS

All undergraduate students currently in Level 4 and Level 5 must now choose their module options for next year. This booklet gives you a brief description of the modules, showing the level and the semester, and given alphabetical order.

Information regarding the modules on offer is contained in the following pages. If you require any further details, please contact the module tutor specified.

Module information for students going into Level 5: You must select 2 designated History modules and 2 designated Politics modules over the course of the year (please refer to your Programme Handbook). Following OME, Programme Administration will check your choices to ensure this rule is met.

In Semester 1, you must take the compulsory modules Theories of War and International History 1789-1914 and choose one other module. In Semester 2, you must take the compulsory module Researching in History. You must then choose two other optional modules.

Module information for students going into Level 6: In Semester 1 you must take the dissertation (double weighted – 40 credits) and one other option module. In Semester 2 all students take three option modules.

3 Overview of CMIH Module Options

Level 5 Level 6

Theories of War (core) Dissertation (core) 40 credits

International History, 1789- One option from: 1914 (core) Semester 1 Britain and the European One option from: Resistance

Airpower and Modern Reputation-Building and Warfare Myth-Making: Reading 19th/20th Century Memoirs Arab-Israeli Conflict

Researching in History Three options from: (core) British Counterinsurgency Two options from: First World War Armoured Warfare History and Politics of Semester 2 Intelligence, Security and Socialism Politics in Britain Politics of Islamism US Foreign Policy Spanish Civil War

Archive Placement Scheme

Module Descriptions

4 Semester 1

AIR POWER & MODERN WARFARE (H) (CRN 26117) LEVEL 5 Dr Brian Hall

This module will cover the evolution of air power since its conception in the early twentieth century. The course will commence by examining the implications which air power has born for warfare and military practice, and will then trace its development during the First World War and the interwar years, focusing on issues such as strategic bombing, tactical air support and naval air warfare. It will then explore the extent to which air power shaped the conduct and outcome of the Second World War. The course will then move on to explore the role of air power during the Cold War, with particular attention being paid to the arms race between the United States and Soviet Union, and their respective strategies for using air power to deliver their nuclear arsenals. It will also examine the role which air power has played in so-called ‘low-intensity’ conflicts such as Vietnam, the Arab-Israeli Wars, and the recent Gulf Wars, examining both its strengths and limitations. The module will conclude by exploring some of the most recent Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), brought about by the development of ‘information-based’ weapons, and the implications it holds for air power, as well as the role airpower plays in modern counterinsurgency and counterterrorism operations.

Introductory reading:  Walter Boyne, The Influence of Air Power on History (2003)  John Buckley, Air Power in the Age of Total War (1999)  Sebastian Cox and Peter Gray (eds.), Air Power History: Turning Points from Kitty Hawk to Kosovo (2002)

Assessment: one 2,500 word essay (35%); one two-hour exam (65% - final component)

THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT (CRN 28447) LEVEL 5 Dr James Corum

This module offers an introduction into the Arab Israeli conflict since the beginning of the 20th century by examining the main events and actors that have helped shape its course. You will gain familiarity with the key debates and narratives concerning the nature of Israel’s relationship with its Arab neighbours; the policies adopted by the main participants of the conflict; as well as the prospects and limits of regional and international attempts to reach peace. During the course of the module we will discuss the historical context and ideological currents of Zionism and Arab nationalism, the impact of European Colonialism on the emerging Arab state system, the era of Intra-State wars 1948-1973, and the following quests for peace. We also critically assess the political and policy-making processes in Israel and among Palestinian organizations from the PLO to Hamas, as well as examine the role of the United States, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Iran. The module also features a computer-based simulation where you can decide on issues of war and peace from the perspectives of the Israeli Prime Minister and Palestinian President.

5 Introductory reading  Dowty, A., Israel/Palestine, Cambridge: Polity: 2012.  Gelvin, J.L., The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2007.  Hinnebusch, R./Ehteshami, A. (eds.), The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, Boulder:2002 Fawcett, L. (ed.), International Relations of the Middle East, Oxford 2005  Quandt, W. B., Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict since 1967, Washington, DC 2005

Assessment: Two 2,500 word essays, each worth 50% of the module mark (the second essay is the final component);

BRITAIN AND THE EUROPEAN RESISTANCE, 1939-1945 (CRN 27403) LEVEL 6 Dr Christopher J. Murphy

This module explores Britain’s role in encouraging and supporting resistance movements in Europe during the Second World War through the Special Operations Executive (SOE), the organisation established in July 1940 and instructed by Churchill to ‘set Europe ablaze’. The module makes extensive use of surviving SOE documents, now available at the National Archives, and considers their value within the context of official release policy and censorship under Section 3(4) of the Public Records Act. The module also makes use of interviews with former SOE personnel collected by the Imperial War Museum, introducing students to oral history and the problems to be encountered in both its collection and use. Through a combination of these sources, in addition to the wider literature on SOE, students will consider SOE’s relationships with both indigenous resistance movements and governments in exile, along with the organisation’s relationship with the Foreign Office and the impact of its activities upon British foreign policy. Students will examine a number of significant episodes in SOE’s history, both successes and failures, including the destruction of the Norsk Hydro heavy-water plant in Norway (Operation GUNNERSIDE), the German penetration of SOE’s resistance network in Holland (the ‘Englandspiel’ affair), and the plan to assassinate Hitler (Operation FOXLEY).

Introductory reading

 MRD Foot, SOE in France (London, 1966).  MRD Foot, Resistance: European Resistance to Nazism 1940-1945 (London, 1976).  MRD Foot, SOE: An Outline History (London, 1999 Pimlico edition).  WJM Mackenzie, The Secret History of SOE (London, 2000).  David Stafford, Britain and the European Resistance (London, 1980).  David Stafford, Secret Agent (London, 2000).  Bickham Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular (London, 1965).  Peter Wilkinson and Joan Bright Astley, Gubbins and SOE (London, 1993). Assessment: Two essays - Essay 1, 2000 words (40%); Essay 2, 3000 words (60% - final component)

6 DISSERTATION (CRN 14525) LEVEL 6 All PCH staff

Students for whom the dissertation is compulsory will already have taken a compulsory Research Methods module.

Assessment: 100% double-weighted module

INTERNATIONAL HISTORY 1789-1914 (CRN 30682) (COMPULSORY for CMIH students) LEVEL 5 Dr Daniel Lomas

This module is core at second year level to all students on the Contemporary Military and International History and Contemporary History and Politics programme. It will provide a detailed analysis of most of the major themes and issues in British and continental European history between the start of the French Revolution in 1789 and the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. Its main focus will be on the political and diplomatic development and consequences of the European alliance system, the emergence of Germany and Italy as new states, industrialisation as well as the major revolutions of the period. In addition to the French Revolution, the module will also examine the revolutions in France in the 1820s and 1830s, as well as the more widespread revolutions of 1848. The module will also examine the major developments in cultural and social international history and will demonstrate how it is impossible to have an adequate grasp of the events of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries without first understanding the 'shape' of the century that preceded both of these.

Introductory reading:  Bartlett, C.J., Britain and the Great Powers 1815-1914 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993).  Bridge, F. R., and Roger Bullen, The Great Powers and the European States System 1815-1914 (London and New York: Longman, 1980).  Hobsbawm, E. J., The Age of Revolution: Europe 1789-1848 (London: Cardinal, 1973).  Jones, P., The 1848 Revolutions (Harlow: Longman, 1981).  Mombauer, A., The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus (London: Longman, 2002).  Stevenson, D., Armaments and the Coming of War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).  Taylor, A. J. P., The Struggle for Mastery in Europe, 1848-1918 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971).  Williamson, D. G., Bismarck and Germany, 1862-1890 (Harlow: Longman, 1997.)

Assessment: one 3000-word essay (35%) and one two-hour exam (65% - final component).

7 REPUTATION-BUILDING AND MYTH-MAKING: READING 19th AND 20th CENTURY MEMOIRS (CRN 30822) LEVEL 6 Dr Alaric Searle

This module seeks to enable students to develop better analytical skills when assessing the historical significance of political, diplomatic, military and secret service memoirs, in terms of the intention of the authors, the different genres of memoirs, and the effect of the memoirs in conditioning historical perceptions of a particular war, political or diplomatic controversy and the impact of the reputation of the writer as a leader, diplomat, spy chief or commander. Among the major concerns of the module are: deepening understanding of the calculated intentions which underpin a writer’s decision to write and/or publish his/her memoirs or autobiography; explaining the difference between memoirs and autobiographies; developing an appreciation of different genres and traditions in the evolution of military, diplomatic and political, and now secret service, memoirs. Analysis of the memoirs will not be restricted to the texts themselves; we will also consider other sources (such as correspondence) which can often reveal much about the intentions and motivations of the authors, whether these are reputational, financial or political.

Further Reading:  R.A. Butler, The Difficult Art of Autobiography (Oxford, 1968).  George Egerton (ed.), Political Memoir: Essays on the Politics of Memory (London, 1994).  George Egerton, ‘The Lloyd George War Memoirs: A Study in the Politics of Memory’, Journal of Modern History, 60 (March 1988), pp. 54-94.  Alex Vernon (ed.), Arms and the Self: War, the Military and Autobiographical Writing (London, 2005).

Assessment: one 3,000-word essay (40%) and an exam (60%).

THEORIES OF WAR (H) (CRN 25189) (COMPULSORY for CMIH students) LEVEL 5 Dr Alaric Searle

Throughout the history of conflict, soldiers have developed theories in an attempt to understand the nature of wars and how to fight them. Today, many of these theories inform the decisions of military and political leaders. This module examines the ideas of several of the most influential theorists of war, including Sun Zi, Carl von Clausewitz, Antoine Henri Jomini, Alfred Thayer Mahan, and Sir Basil Liddell Hart. It also encourages students to use these theories as tools to enhance their study of historical and contemporary conflicts.

Introductory reading  Peter Paret (ed.), Makers of Modern Strategy: from Macchiavelli to the Nuclear Age, (1986).  Azar Gat, A History of Military Thought: From the Enlightenment to the Cold War, (2000).

8 Assessment: one 2500 word essay (35%); one two-hour exam (65% - final component)

9 Semester 2

ARMOURED WARFARE (CRN 26153) LEVEL 5 Dr Alaric Searle

The course will aim to introduce students to the technical characteristics of tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs), their development and the uses to which they have been put in ‘big wars’. In particular, an examination will be undertaken of the significance of armoured forces during both world wars, in the Vietnam War, in the Cold War, the Iran-Iraq War, and the Gulf Wars of 1990-91 and 2003. At the same time, it is equally important that the military ideas which have driven the development of armoured warfare be understood. In the interwar period, tanks represented a major challenge to existing ideas, military structures and tactical concepts. The effect which the introduction of the tank into military organizations had in the course of twentieth century cannot be underestimated. Moreover, tanks have taken on a remarkable political symbolism when they are employed on the streets of cities, suggesting that there is much more to tanks than their use on the battlefield where they attempt to destroy other tanks.

Introductory Reading  Barton C. Hacker, ‘Imaginations in thrall: the social psychology of military mechanization’, Parameters 12 (Spring 1982), pp. 50-61.  J.P. Harris & F. N. Toase (eds.), Armoured Warfare (London, 1990).  J. Kemeny, ‘Professional ideologies and organizational structure: tanks and the military’, Archives Europeennes de Soziologie, 24 (1983), pp. 223-240. Richard E. Simpkin, Tank Warfare: An Analysis of Soviet and NATO Tank Philosophy (London, 1979).  Patrick Wright, Tank: The Progress of a Monstrous War Machine (London, 2000).

BRITISH COUNTER INSURGENCY SINCE 1945 LEVEL 6 Dr Samantha Newbery

This module will allow students to examine Britain’s varied involvement in counterinsurgency operations since 1945 in depth. After an initial engagement with the theories and principles of insurgency and counter-insurgency, the module will cover the cases of Kenya, Malaya, Northern Ireland, Britain’s continuing involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan, and some lesser known cases. Students will develop an understanding of the evolution of the British approach to counter-insurgency since 1945, including, notably, the roles played by political, military, policing, intelligence and local administration forces in the success or failure of the module’s case studies. The module will also demand an engagement with the literature that proclaims success in British counter-insurgencies and that belonging to the newer, more critical, school of thought.

10 Recommended reading:

 Huw C Bennett, ‘The other side of the COIN: Minimum and exemplary force in British army counterinsurgency in Kenya’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, 18/4, December 2007, pp. 638-664.  Richard Clutterbuck (1966) The Long, Long War: The Emergency in Malaya 1948- 1960.  Leon Comber, ‘The Malayan Security Service (1945-1948)’, Intelligence and National Security, 18/3, September 2003, pp.128-153.  Panagiotis Dimitrakis, ‘British intelligence and the Cyprus insurgency, 1955-1959’, International Journal of Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence, 21/2, June 2008, pp.375- 94.  Frank Kitson (1977) Bunch of Five.  Thomas Mockaitis (1990) British Counterinsurgency, 1919-60.  Jonathan Walker (2005) Aden Insurgency: The Savage War in South Arabia 1962–67.

Assessment: 3,000 word essay 1 (50%); 3,000 word essay 2 (50% - final component)

THE FIRST WORLD WAR (H) (CRN 28455) LEVEL 6 Dr Brian Hall

This module examines the nature, outcome and enduring legacy of the First World War (1914-1918). It adopts a thematic, rather than chronological, approach, challenging and broadening students’ existing understanding of the conflict by focusing upon five key areas: first, understanding the First World War as a total war; second, understanding the First World War as a global war; third, examining comprehensively the military operations of the First World War; fourth, examining the wider diplomatic and political dimensions of the First World War within an international context; and, fifth and finally, examining the internal social and economic effects of the First World War.

Recommended reading

Ian Beckett, The Great War 1914-1918 (2001).

Michael Howard, The First World War, (2002).

Hew Strachan (ed.) The Oxford Illustrated History of the First World War (1998).

David Stevenson, 1914-1918: The History of the First World War (2004).

Assessment: one 3,000 word essay (40%); a two-hour exam (60% - final component)

11 THE HISTORY AND POLITICS OF SOCIALISM (CRN 31514) LEVEL 6 Professor John Callaghan

This module examines the rise and fall of the main socialist traditions from their origins in nineteenth-century Britain and France to their global spread in the twentieth century. It seeks to explain their most important national examples and ideological variations by examining key aspects of the course of socialism in Germany, Britain, Sweden, Russia, and China. Why did socialism spread across Europe and into the colonial world? Why did social democracy and Communism become rivals? Why was Stalin’s Soviet Union thought to be a success? How did the Five-Year Plans work and why did centralised planning ultimately fail? What did the communist and socialist traditions mean in different countries? Why were they both unsuccessful in the USA? What role did industrialism, imperialism, fascism and war play in their development and apparent defeat? What lasting difference have they made? Have we witnessed the end of an epoch begun by the industrial revolution and the French Revolution of 1789?

Introductory Reading

 C. Boggs, The Socialist Tradition: From Crisis to Decline (London: Routledge, 1995)  F. Claudin, The Communist Movement (London: Pregrine 1975)  G. Eley, Forging Democracy: The History of the Left in Europe, 1850-2000 (London: Oxford University Press, 2002)  G. Lichtheim, The Origins of Socialism (New York: Praeger, 1968)  G. Lichtheim, A Short History of Socialism (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970).  D. Sassoon, One Hundred Years of Socialism: The West European Left in the Twentieth Century (London: I. B. Tauris, 1996)

INTELLIGENCE, SECURITY AND POLITICS IN BRITAIN, 1909-1994 (CRN 27416) LEVEL 5 Dr Daniel Lomas & Dr Chris Murphy

This module examines the British intelligence community from the birth of the Security Service (MI5) and the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS or MI6) in 1909 through to the 1994 Intelligence Services Act, exploring its activities primarily within the context of British domestic policy, while considering the links between the worlds of intelligence and politics. The module considers the reaction of the intelligence community to the Russian revolution, and its subsequent battle against the Soviet Union and Communism from the inter-war years through to the end of the Cold War. The module also considers the involvement of the intelligence community in significant episodes of post-1945 British history, including the End of Empire, and explores the impact of security scandals, such as the Profumo Affair and the revelations surrounding the activities of the Cambridge Spy Ring.

NB: This module does not focus on military intelligence, or the activities of the British intelligence community during the First or Second World Wars.

12 Introductory Reading:  Richard Aldrich, ‘The Secret State’, in Addison and Jones (eds.), A Companion to Contemporary Britain, 1939-2000 (Oxford, 2005).  Christopher Andrew, The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5 (London, 2009).  Tom Bower, The Perfect English Spy: Sir Dick White and the Secret War 1935-90 (London, 1995).  Bernard Porter, Plots and Paranoia: A history of political espionage in Britain, 1790-1988 (London, 1989).  Michael Smith, New Cloak, Old Dagger: How Britain’s Spies Came in from the Cold (London, 1996).  Michael Smith, The Spying Game: The Secret History of British Espionage (London, 2003).  Richard Thurlow, The Secret State (London, 1994).

Assessment: Two essays - Essay 1, 2000 words (40%); Essay 2, 2500 words (60% - final component).

MILITARY ARCHIVE PLACEMENT SCHEME (H) (CRN 23755) LEVEL 6 Dr Alaric Searle

In the third year of your degree you will have the opportunity of spending the whole of your final semester working in a military archive. This is an excellent way of gaining work experience which can greatly enhance your employment prospects. It is also a great way to culminate your studies by getting your hands dirty in an archive – the “coalface” for any historian. Rather than doing normal modules at Salford, you would get involved in the day- to-day work of the archive, as well as carrying out a special archival project that will result in a written report that will be assessed like a normal essay. Your archive mentor will also write an appraisal of your performance which can be extremely useful when you are invited for a job interview. Placements have been arranged at the Regimental Museum of the Queen’s Lancashire Regiment, the Lancashire Fusiliers Museum, Bury, the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, King’s College London and the Imperial War Museum. We are continually expanding the number of archive placement partners and so if you have an idea for a military history archive placement – perhaps one near your home – then let us know and we’ll do our best to arrange it.

Please note that there is no automatic entitlement to an archival placement. Those interested should still make a selection of three modules, but then contact the Placements Officer should they be interested.

If you have any further questions, contact the Military Archives Placements Officer, Dr Alaric Searle, D.A. [email protected].

13 THE POLITICS OF ISLAMISM (CRN 28350) LEVEL 6 Dr James Corum

Islamism, the political activism based on a specific reading of Islamic precepts, currently dominates newspaper headlines and scholarly debate alike. This module therefore attempts a sober assessment of the way we can define “Islamism” and compare it to fundamentalisms in other religions. In doing so, this module takes a closer look at early, i.e. 19th century, Muslim responses to Western modernity as well as the development of modern Islamism from the Muslim Brotherhood to al Qaeda. It discusses the rise and fall of revolutionary Islamism in Egypt as well as the Arab states’ struggle with Islamist terrorism from Algeria to Saudi Arabia. Turning to more recent developments, this module analyzes the transnationalization of Islamism, the image of the West in Islamist thinking, the role of Islamism in Muslim communities in Western countries and attempt an answer to the question of the adaptability of Islamism to democratic practices.

Introductory reading

 Ayubi, Nazih N., Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World, London 1991  Mandaville, P., Global Political Islam, London 2007  Roy, O., Globalized Islam: The Search for the Ummah, London 2006  Roy, O., The Failure of Political Islam, Cambridge 1994

Assessment: 3000 word essay 1 (50%); 3000 word essay 2 (50% - final component)

RESEARCHING IN HISTORY (H) (CRN 25211) LEVEL 5 (Compulsory for CMIH students) Dr Alaric Searle

The primary purpose of this module is to prepare you to write a successful 12,000 word undergraduate history dissertation at Level 6. It will also give you a wider insight into the historical research methods appropriate to military and/or international history. The module will enable you to: identify an appropriate historical subject; articulate manageable historical questions related to that subject; utilise appropriate historical finding aids; evaluate academic secondary sources; identify appropriate primary sources (printed and/or archival); obtain an appropriate supervisor and understand their role; identify key milestones; articulate an appropriate historical structure; utilise appropriate historical referencing conventions. The course will be delivered through a series of lectures and individual weekly tasks. It will be assessed by essays in Weeks 4 and 8. Documents to support the course and details of the weekly tasks will be placed on BlackBoard.

Introductory reading  Ralph Berry, The Research Project - How to write it, (London: Routledge, 2000). [Chapter 8 in] Jeremy Black & Donald MacRaild, Studying History, (London: MacMillan, 2000).

14  IW Mabbett, Writing History Essays – A Student’s Guide, (London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2007)  Kim Reynolds, ‘Research Methods’ in Mary Abbott (ed.), History Skills - A Student’s Handbook, (London: Routledge, 1996).

Assessment: one 1500 word initial proposal (25%); one 3500 word dissertation proposal (75% - final component)

SPANISH CIVIL WAR (CRN 34236) LEVEL 6 Prof John Callaghan

This module offers a comprehensive, detailed analysis of the Spanish Civil War, 1936- 1939. This war has often been described as the ‘dress rehearsal’ for the Second World War and, indeed, contained many of the elements of that conflict, ideological confrontation, early examples of modern military strategic tactics on the part of the fascist dictators and large scale international intervention. The war was also set against the backdrop of the crisis of democracy in Europe and the impact of the Great Depression. This module makes a detailed examination of the course of the war, the battles, the personalities and traces the rise of General Franco. It also places the Spanish Civil War against a broader international political and diplomatic canvass. The module ask the question why was a civil war in Spain was of so much interest to the international community? What were the characteristics of Spanish democracy and fascism?

Introductory reading:

 H. Thomas, The Spanish Civil War (2003)  P. Preston, The Spanish Holocaust (2012)  Helen Graham, Socialism and War (1991)

Assessment: 3,000 word essay (40%); a two-hour exam (60% - final component)

US FOREIGN POLICY SINCE 1945 (CRN 32980) LEVEL 5 Dr David Maher

For better or for worse, the United States has been the single most important actor in world affairs since the Second World War. It is therefore not too much of exaggeration to say that to understand international relations since 1945 one must understand the American contribution. This module will begin by exploring thematic issues such as how foreign policy is made in the United States, the American ‘style’ of diplomacy, and the influence of ideology. It will then provide students with the chance to examine historical topics such as the rise of the national security state after 1945, crises such as those over Berlin and Cuba, the involvement of the CIA in US foreign policy including covert involvement abroad, US military intervention in Korea and Vietnam, ‘Nixinger’ and the rise and fall of détente, the ‘Second Cold War’, post-Cold War challenges to American global interests, and the ‘war on terror’. The module will build on some of the topics introduced in International History II to

15 provide a deeper and broader appreciation of the history of US foreign relations. It will emphasise presidential decision-making, so that the respective personal inclinations and contributions of US presidents to the country’s foreign policy will become apparent.

Introductory Reading  Stephen Ambrose, Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938 (1998).  Michael Cox and Doug Stokes (eds), US Foreign Policy (OUP, 2012).  Stephen Hook and John Spanier, American Foreign Policy Since World War II (2006).  Kissinger, Henry, Diplomacy (1994).

Assessment: one 2500 word essay (35%); one two-hour exam (65% - final component).

16 University-wide Language Programme (UWLP)

The University-wide Language Programme (UWLP) offers students on certain programmes of study the opportunity to take a foreign language module in place of one of their usual options. UWLP modules, which are worth 20 credits, are delivered by the Directorate of Languages over Semesters 1 and 2.

1. Why choose to study a language?

Employability: Language learning enhances graduate employability as businesses increasingly compete on a global scale, and employers place more and more value on language skills alongside another specialism. Language skills can improve your career prospects by opening up your options making you more employable and giving you the potential to earn a higher salary.

Globalisation: Globlisation has led to a growing demand for language skills from employers and research shows that rates of unemployment are lower amongst graduates with knowledge of a second language, even at a basic level. It will help you to stand out from the crowd!

2. Which languages can I study?

The UWLP offers courses in the following languages:

French German Italian Japanese Mandarin Chinese Spanish

3. About the module

What will I learn?

The module content is very practical, preparing you for using the language in your future career. The lower Stages will help you cope with everyday situations abroad or when dealing with visitors to this country; the higher Stages aim to develop your ability to use the language more widely in professional contexts.

How will I learn:

 Class contact is 2 hours per week, plus a further hour each week of directed self study in the Language Resource Centre (LRC) on the 9th floor of Maxwell Building.

 Formative assessments are carried out during class time and via Blackboard in Semester 1 to help you assess your own progress and consolidate learning.

17 How will I be assessed?

Summative assessments in speaking, written language and reading comprehension take place at the end of Semester 2. The marks obtained will contribute towards your level mark for that year.

4. Is there a class to cater for my ability?

Each language is taught at four different levels called ‘Stages’. You can improve your existing skills or start learning a new language from scratch.

Stages are allocated based on previous experience and/or qualifications in the language as outlined in the table below:

Level Prerequisites

Stage 1 (beginners) No previous experience or UK Grade D or below at GCSE (or equivalent)

Stage 2 CEFR A1+/UK Grade A*-C at GCSE (or equivalent), or a pass at Stage 1

Stage 3 CEFR A2/UK Pass at AS level up to grade C (or equivalent) or a pass at Stage 2

CEFR A2+ OR B1/UK Pass at AS level at grade A or B (or Stage 4 equivalent),pass at A2 level up to grade D (or equivalent), or a pass at Stage 3

If you have grade A-C at A2 (or equivalent) or have already completed Stage 4 in a particular languages, you are deemed to have enough knowledge of that language to cope quite well abroad, so please choose a different language.

Please note that you cannot do the same Stage twice. For example, if you complete Spanish Stage 1 in your second year and wish to continue with UWLP, you must move onto Spanish Stage 2 in your third year or select a different language altogether.

5. Are all languages available at all Stages?

Whether or not a language module is available will depend on how many students have signed up for it. If there are insufficient numbers for a particular module to run, you will be informed in Week 1 and offered your alternative module choice.

6. How do I enrol onto UWLP?

The enrolment process has two simple steps:

STEP 1. Select the University Wide Language Programme (UWLP) via Online Module Enrolment (OME) instead of one of your usual optional modules.

18 STEP 2. You will then be prompted to fill in an online application form to select the specific language you wish to study* (you will be asked to select a 2nd choice as well)

*Please note if you fail to complete step two, you will not be enrolled and may not be able to secure a place.

Deadlines for 2014-15 UWLP enrolment will be available on the UWLP website shortly http://www.salford.ac.uk/humanities/courses/short-courses/university-wide-language- programme

7. For further information…

If you require any further information regarding UWLP modules or how they fit into your programme of study you can contact the following:

UWLP Coordinator UWLP Administration Vanessa John School of Humanities, Languages and Social Room 811, Maxwell Building Sciences, Room 827, Maxwell Building t: +44 (0) 161 295 0017 t: +44 (0) 161 295 5990 email: [email protected] email: [email protected]

Any questions? [email protected]