Chapter 1 Review

1. What is matter?

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

2. Explain the characteristics of and differences between solids, liquids, and gases. Answers may vary Solids Liquids Gases Takes shape of container Keep their shape Take the shape of container Most amount of movement Least movement and energy Middle amount of movement and energy and energy

3. How does increasing the temperature affect the motion of molecules?

Increasing the temperature increases the molecular motion.

4. How does decreasing the temperature affect the motion of molecules?

Decreasing the temperature decreases the molecular motion.

5. Explain how a thermometer works. Be sure to give detail of molecular motion, how far apart molecules are, and where they go to change the temperature reading.

As temperature increases, the molecules inside the thermometer move around more and spread out. They have nowhere to go but up the tube, increasing the reading on the thermometer.

6. What differences would you expect if, at the same time, you place yellow and blue food coloring in both hot and cold water?

They would mix together to form green faster in the hot water than in the cold water.

7. Chapter 2 Review

1. What is conduction and explain how it transfers heat energy.

Conduction is the transfer of heat energy by direct contact. Energy will always transfer from where there is more energy to where there is less energy.

2. What is temperature? (Remember…MOLECULAR LEVEL)

Temperature is the measure of the molecular motion/kinetic energy of a material.

3. What is evaporation? Explain at the molecular level how the energy and motion of molecules changes during this process.

Evaporation is the process of liquid gaining enough energy to change from a liquid to a gas.

4. What is condensation? Explain at the molecular level how the energy and motion of molecules changes during this process.

Condensation is the process of a gas losing energy and becoming a liquid.

5. Imagine that you place a drop of water on each of two paper towels. Then you place one on a bag of hot water and the other on a bag of room temperature water. Which drop will evaporate first? Why?

The drop on the hot water will evaporate first because the hot water will give the drop of water more energy to change from a liquid to gas and evaporate. 6. Complete the Table: Use the key to complete the table below. Each row has a separate key (4 pts.)

KEY: Speed of Molecules: Medium, Fast, Slow

Amount of Movement: Slide past each other, can bounce off each other, vibrate only

Arrangement of Molecules: (one word used more than once) random, orderly

Distance between molecules: slightly farther apart than water, close together, very far apart

Compare water molecules in different states Water Vapor Ice Water Distance between Very far apart Slightly farther Close together molecules than water

bounce Vibrate only slide Amount of movement

Arrangement of random orderly random molecules

fast slow medium Speed of Molecules

Chapter 3 Review Defin & include units Mass is: weight (g)

1. What is density? Formula and explanation. Volume is: amount of space (mL or cm3)

Density is the amount of mass in a certain volume. D = m/v

2. How does temperature affect the density of materials? Explain the molecular motion in detail.

As the temperature increases, the density decreases because the molecules will move faster and spread out, taking up more space. 3. Explain, on the molecular level, why hot water floats on top of cold water. Be sure to explain:  Energy/motion of the molecules in hot vs. cold water  Spacing/density of atoms in hot vs. cold water

Hot water molecules have more energy. They will move around more and bounce off of each other more frequently, spreading out to take up more space and becoming less dense. Less dense things float on top of more dense things.

4. Bob has mixed up 3 salt solutions and wants to know the correct order in which they will form layers. a. Calculate the density of each. (Show the equation you use & your work.) b. Draw/label in the container where each layer will be.

Color Blue Green Pink Volume 35 mL 40 mL 60 mL Mass 20 g 79 g 27 g Work: D = 20 g / 35 mL D = 79 g / 40 mL D = 27 g / 60 mL D = m/v

Answer: .57 g/mL 1.975 g/mL .45 g/mL

Draw/Label the Correct Color in order of Layers Below:

top

middle

bottom

5. If two objects have the same volume but one has a greater mass, the one with greater mass a) Has a lower density b) Has a higher density c) Will float d) Will sink 6. If two objects have the same volume but one is made up of smaller and heavier atoms, the one with small heavy atoms will

a) Be larger than the other c) Be more dense than the other

b) Be less dense than the other d) Float

7. If you cut a wooden block in half, each half would have

a) Half the density of the original piece c) The same density as the original piece

b) Twice the density of the original piece d) No density at all

8. A candle floats in water but sinks in alcohol. This is because

a) The candle has less mass in alcohol c) The water is more dense than the alcohol

b) The water has less mass than the alcohol d) Water and alcohol are both liquids

9. If two objects have the same mass but different volumes

a) The one with the larger volume has the lower density

b) They must have the same density

c) The one with the larger volume has the higher density

d) The one with the larger volume is twice as dense

Please create 2-3 practice review questions, and their answers, for each chapter. You can Share these with outher students, even on other teams, as a Quizlet.

You should have between 6 and 9 questions total.

Think about what the most important concepts are!