Syllabus Reference 9.2.5

Worksheet 17 NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

Syllabus reference 9.2.5

1 Match the statement on the left with the most appropriate answer on the right. Write the letter corresponding to this in the space provided. ______i Elements which actively emit radiation. a nuclear fission

______ii Elements with the same atomic number but b alpha particle different mass number. ______iii Relatively heavy positively charged radioactive c carbon-14 emission with low penetrating power. ______iv Lighter negatively charged radioactive d transuranic emission. ______v Penetrating ray similar to X-ray. e Geiger-Müller counter ______vi Elements with atomic number greater than 92. f radioactive ______vii Radioactive isotope used for carbon dating. g half-life ______viii Final product of uranium-238 decay. h gamma ______ix Splitting a nucleus into two roughly equal i lead fragments. ______x Time required for half the atoms in a given j isotopes sample to undergo radioactive decay. ______xi One type of device used for detecting radiation. k beta particle 2 Complete the following table.

NAME ALPHA PARTICLE BETA PARTICLE GAMMA RAY

Symbol α

Identity Electromagnetic radiation Relative mass 0.00055

Relative charge

Penetrating power Very low

Effect of electric and No effect magnetic fields

ii 8135Br

iii 9038Sr

iv 12353I

b Write the symbols of the type in Q3a for: i iodine-131

ii iridium-193

iii antimony-121

iv rubidium-123

4 a Using the figure below, decide whether or not the following isotopes would be stable.

ii 9344Ru

iii 24294Pu

b Describe the two conditions under which a nucleus is unstable.

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5 Describe two processes by which scientists have been able to produce transuranic elements.

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6 Name three instruments or processes that can be used to detect radiation.

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