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Name Class Date 18 Classification Chapter Test B

Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. _____ 1. For many species, there are often regional differences in their a. common names. c. taxa. b. scientific names. d. binomial nomenclature. _____ 2. Based on their names, you know that the baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same a. class. c. genus. b. family. d. species. _____ 3. Often, the second part of a scientific name is a. a description of a trait or habitat. b. the same as for other members of the same genus. c. capitalized if it derives from a proper name. d. different in different locations. _____ 4. Several different classes make up a a. kingdom. c. family. b. phylum. d. genus. _____ 5. Traditional classifications tended to take into account primarily a. extinct organisms. b. RNA similarities. c. DNA similarities. d. visible similarities and differences. _____ 6. In an evolutionary classification scheme, species within one genus should a. be more closely related to one another than they are to species in other genera. b. be less closely related to one another than they are to species in other genera. c. be limited to species that can interbreed. d. have identical genes. _____ 7. In biology, a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its descendants is referred to as a a. derived character. c. molecular clock. b. taxonomic group. d. physical similarity. _____ 8. Similar DNA sequences in genes can be evidence of a. binomial nomenclature. c. common ancestry. b. mutations. d. different anatomy. _____ 9. What is true about dissimilar organisms such as a cow and a yeast? a. They are not related at all. b. Their degree of relatedness cannot be evaluated. c. Their degree of relatedness can be estimated from their genes. d. They can interbreed and thus are the same species.

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_____ 10. All organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are a. multicellular organisms. c. eukaryotes. b. photosynthetic organisms. d. prokaryotes. _____ 11. Why is the kingdom Protista not valid under evolutionary classification? a. Protists are all very similar and easy to confuse. b. Protista contains groups that share closest common ancestors with other groups, rather than with each other. c. Protists are the most numerous organisms on Earth. d. Protista evolved before any other kingdom, and as such share a most recent common ancestor with each other, as opposed to any other group. _____ 12. The two domains composed of only unicellular organisms are a. Eubacteria and Archaea. c. Archaea and Bacteria. b. Eukarya and Bacteria. d. Archaea and Eukarya. _____ 13. The three-domain system arose when scientists found that Eubacteria and Archaebacteria were more a. like Eukaryotes. b. similar than scientists thought. c. dissimilar than scientists thought. d. like Fungi. _____ 14. To be useful, a scientific name has to refer to a. all living species. b. all living and extinct species. c. all species in one habitat. d. a single species.

Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the underlined word or phrase to make the statement true. _____ 15. Linnaeus’s system of classification has seven taxonomic levels. _____ 16. An order is a broad taxonomic category composed of similar phyla. _____ 17. Cladistic analysis considers derived characteristics that have arisen as lineages have evolved over time.

Completion Complete each statement on the line provided. 18. The animals Panthera leo (lion) and tigris (tiger) belong to the same genus. 19. The use of a two-part scientific name for organisms is called nomenclature. 288 Name Class Date

20. In Linnaeus’s system of classification, the two smallest categories are genus and . 21. The domain contains plants, fungi, protists, and animals—which are all eukaryotes.

Short Answer In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.

Figure 18–1

22. According to the cladogram in Figure 18–1, what two characteristics do crabs and barnacles share that limpets do not?

23. How can DNA help scientists make the classification of similar organisms such as giant pandas and red pandas more accurate?

24. Compare and contrast kingdom Fungi and kingdom Plantae in the six-kingdom system.

Figure 18–2

25. What characteristic is used to place an organism, such as the amoeba in Figure 18–2, in the domain Eukarya?

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Using Science Skills Use the diagram at right to answer the following questions on the lines provided.

Figure 18–3

26. Interpret Graphs Which level of taxonomic category shown in Figure 18–3 contains the greatest number of different organisms?

27. Classify Do all organisms shown in Figure 18–3 that belong to the order Carnivora also belong to the phylum Chordata? Explain.

28. Classify Do all organisms shown in Figure 18–4 that belong to the class Mammalia also belong to the genus Ursus? Explain.

29. Observe Based on the information in Figure 18–3, describe how the diversity at each level changes from species to kingdom.

30. Infer Examine Figure 18–3. In which group, Ursidae or Carnivora, would you expect the members to be more similar to one another? Explain your answer.