1. Legal and Judicial Career

J. CLIFFORD WALLACE DATA

Born in 1928 and lived in low income area of San Diego. After three years as a sailor in the U.S. Navy, attended and was graduated from San Diego State College with honors and distinction in 1952, majoring in economics and minoring in political science. Was graduated from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California at Berkeley, in 1955, and was a member of the Board of Editors of the California Law Review. Offered a position in the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice, but chose to begin practice in 1955 with a law firm in San Diego, California. Specialized in the trial of civil matters and became a partner in the firm. Sworn in as a United States District Judge for the Southern District of California on October 29, 1970. Elevated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on July 14, 1972, and took Senior status on April 8, 1996.

a. Listings include:

“Cambridge Who’s Who” “Who’s Who in the World” “Who’s Who in America” “Who’s Who in the West” “Who’s Who in Government” “Who’s Who in California” “Who’s Who Historical Society” “Who’s Who of American Lawyers” “Men of Achievement” “Who’s Who in American Law” “The American Bench” “American Biographical Institute” “Dictionary of International Biography” “The International Who’s Who of Contemporary Achievement”

-1- 2. Contributions to the Advancement of the Rule of Law and Administration of Justice in the United States

a. Representative lectures and speeches in the United States:

ALI-ABA courses American Bar Association House of Delegates National Conference of State Bar Presidents Section on Litigation American Association of Law Librarians American College of Trial Lawyers (multiple) American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research American Inns of Court (multiple) American Judicature Society Appellate Judges’ Seminar sponsored by the Institute of Continuing Legal Education, Louisiana State University Law School and Appellate Judges’ Conference of the American Bar Association Arkansas State Judges’ Annual Meeting Atlanta Bar Association Brigham Young J. Reuben Clark Law School (multiple) The Brookings Institution Conference on the Judiciary at Williamsburg, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1985, and at Charlottesville, 1987 California Continuing Education of the Bar (multiple) California Western School of Law (multiple) Center for Constructive Alternatives, Hillsdale College, Michigan Chancery Club of Los Angeles Copley Press Editors Conference Department of Justice, Land and Natural Resources Division Federal Bar Association (multiple) The Federalist Society (multiple) Fordham University - 31st Annual Irving R. Kaufman Moot Court George Mason FJC (multiple) George Washington University Law School Harvard Law School Alumni Association of New York Irving Segal Lecture, University of Pennsylvania John Marshall Law School Judicial Conference of the Ninth Circuit (multiple)

-2- Judicial Conferences of the Second, Fourth and Fifth Circuits Judicial Conference of the United States Subcommittee on Judicial Developments, State Federal Jurisdiction Committee (multiple) Lindley Lecture, 1973 (reproduced in part in “FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin” (April 1974)) Los Angeles Trial Lawyers Association McGeorge School of Law Montana State Judges’ Annual Meeting National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada (multiple) Nevada Supreme Court Justices’ and Trial Judges’ Investiture Ceremony The Philadelphia Society Ricks College San Diego County Bar Association (multiple) Stanford University Law School (multiple) Thomas More Law Center, San Diego Vanderbilt University Law School - Nashville University of Alabama School of Law University of California Boalt Hall School of Law University of Michigan Law School University of San Diego School of Law University of Southern California Law School University of Southern Virginia University of Utah College of Law (multiple) Various business, youth, and church groups Vinson & Elkins Lectureship, University of Texas School of Law Texas Tech University b. Representative Conferences in the United States: 1974 Army War College 1975 National Conference on Appellate Justice 1979-1984 AEI Annual Conferences on the Constitution 1981 Rand Corporation Conference on the Pace of Litigation 1982 National Conference of the Council on the Role of Courts 1982 Conference on the Role of the Chief Justice, University of Virginia 1983 Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies Seminar on International Human Rights Law 1983 American Enterprise Institute International Conference on the Writing of Constitutions

-3- 1983 “The Constitution: That Delicate Balance,” program sponsored by the Seminars on Media and Society 1984 “Legal Education and the Profession: Approaching the 21st Century,” held at McGeorge School of Law, and sponsored by the American Bar Association 1985 “Conference on Religion and Law: Middle Eastern Influences on the West” 1985 dialogue on “Congressional Power to Curtail Federal Court Jurisdiction,” sponsored by the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions 1987 Constitutional Conference sponsored by the American Studies Center Bicentennial Program 1994 and 1995 developed concept and attended Three-Branch Conferences on the Mission of the Federal Courts

c. Significant Contributions to Judicial Administration Efforts in the United States: d.

Received a special assignment from Chief Justice Warren Burger to prepare a study on the future of the judiciary and to make appropriate recommendations (see Working Papers - Future of the Judiciary, 94 F.R.D. 225 (1981)). Recommended a three-branch commission to prepare incrementally for the needs of the judiciary based upon the future of the judiciary. The concept was included in legislation sponsored by Senator Howell Heflin. As a result, in October 1982, S.675, which generally incorporates these recommendations, was passed by the United States Senate, but not the House. Ultimately, after eight years of work, a compromise was reached. Assisted in legislation developing the Three-Branch Federal Court Study Committee, which was active from December 1988 to April 1990 under the chairmanship of Judge Joseph Weis. (Judge Weis subsequently received the Devitt Award largely for his excellent work on this project.)

During the 1977 Anglo-American Exchange, developed the concept of embracing the English Inns of Court but adapting them to American needs. Shared the idea with Chief Justice Warren Burger, who requested an investigation of the concept’s feasibility. After six months of extensive research, travel, and meetings, recommended development of the American Inns of Court and recommended starting with a pilot program. Assisted in the development of the pilot program and

-4- recruitment of those who would carry out the original idea. This concept was successful and there are now 400 organized and active American Inns of Court throughout the United States, with 26,000 active members.

Was asked to and testified on various judicial administration matters, including: Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals, Chicago, Illinois, April 3, 1998 (http://www.library.unt.edu/gpo/csafca/ hearings/chitrans.pdf); Senate Committee on the Judiciary, on the proposed division of the Ninth Circuit, September 13, 1995; House Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice, on proposed Commission to study the future of the judiciary, August 10, 1988; Subcommittee on Courts and Administrative Practice of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, on proposed Commission to study the future of the judiciary, June 15, 1987; Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, on judicial discipline, S.J. Res. 364 and S.J. Res. 370, August 12, 1986; Subcommittee on Courts of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, on proposed Intercircuit Tribunal, Commission to study the future of the judiciary, and Judicial Survivors’ Annuities bill, March 11, 1983; Senate Committee on the Judiciary, on the future of the judiciary, May 12, 1982; House Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Justice and the Administration of Justice, on judicial tenure and restructuring of the circuit councils, July 13, 1979; Senate Subcommittee on Improvements in Judicial Machinery and the Subcommittee on the Constitution, on judicial tenure and restructuring of the circuit councils, May 8, 1979; and various bills to divide the Ninth Circuit.

Former chair of the Conference of Chief Circuit Judges, the subcommittee on appellate courts of the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee to Consider Standards for Admission to Practice in the Federal Courts, the Committee on Reorganization of the Circuit Conference and Circuit Conference Committees for the Ninth Circuit (remarks printed in 68 F.R.D. 469 and 75 F.R.D. 553), and former co-chair of the California State-Federal Judicial Council. Former member of the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee on International Judicial Relations, the Institute of Judicial Administration, the Program Subcommittee of the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee on the International Appellate Judges Conference, the Advisory Panel to the Workload Subcommittee of the Federal Courts Study Committee, the Board of the Federal Judicial Center, the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee on the Judicial Branch, the Judicial Conference of the United States Subcommittee on Federal Jurisdiction, the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee to Consider Standards for

-5- Admission to Practice in the Federal Courts. Present circuit assignment is chair and member of the Pacific Islands Committee. Former circuit assignments include member and chair of the Executive Committee of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, chair of the Judicial Council of the Ninth Circuit, representative of the Chief Judge to the Executive Committee on the Judicial Conference of the Circuit, and chair of the following Ninth Circuit committees: Committee to Study Calendaring, Committee to Study and to Implement a Pilot Program of Appeals Without Briefs, Committee for Orientation of New Judges, Committee to Prepare for Court Expansion from 13 to 23 Judges, Committee on Restructuring the Judicial Council of the Circuit, and Committee for Liaison with District Judges.

Awards include: Judge D. Lowell and Barbara Jensen Public Service Award, 2008; Edward J. Devitt Distinguished Service to Justice Award, 2005; California Western School of Law, L.L.D. (Hon.) 1990; Brigham Young University, L.L.D. (Hon.) 1987; Western State University College of Law, J.D. (Hon.) 1987; 1989 Boalt Hall Alumni Association Citation Award; 1987 Award for Outstanding Service from the United States Information Agency; 1985 Distinguished Alumnus Award of the College of Arts and Letters of San Diego State University; 1981 Boy Scouts Silver Beaver Award; 1979 Significant Sig Award by Sigma Chi Fraternity; 1979 Brigham Young University Honorary Alumni Award; 1979 honorary member of Phi Alpha Delta Law Fraternity; honorary chairman of the Phi Alpha Delta Inns of Court program; 1979 California Newspaper Publisher Association Distinguished Service Award; honorary member of American Inn of Court I.

3. Other Significant Contributions to the Administration of Justice:

As a summer 1976 scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C., studied the basic problems of judicial administration, which began a continuing interest in the subject.

Former vice president and member of the Board of Directors of the San Diego County Bar Association, and former chairman of the San Diego County Bar Committee on Crime Prevention and Control. Held memberships in the American Bar Association, California Bar Association, San Diego County Bar Association, American Board of Trial Advocates, American Bar Association Special Advisory Committee on International Activities (1997-98), Member of ABA-UNDP International Legal Resource Center Advisory Committee, International Association of Insurance Counsel, Association of Southern California Defense Counsel, Board of

-6- Directors of the Association of Southern California Defense Counsel, California State Bar Committee on Legislation, California State Bar Committee on Rules of Court Procedure, and Professional Liability and Malpractice Committee of the International Association of Insurance Counsel. Consultant for ABA Center for Human Rights (2002- ) and a member of the Executive Committee of the International Organization for Judicial Training. Member of the National Board of Academic Advisors for the William H. Rehnquist Center on Constitutional Structures of Government, University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (2007- ),Member of the California State-Federal Judicial Council (2008-2011), Member of ABA Rule of Law Initiative Asia Council (2006- 2009). Televised debate in 1986 on “How to Interpret the Constitution,” sponsored by the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research; member of the Ad Hoc International Committee of the American Inns of Court; appeared in 1997 televised program on “Justice Delayed is Justice Denied,” sponsored by Worldnet/USIA; advisor to The Brookings Institution Government Studies Project: Judicial-Legislative Interaction; member of the American Bar Association Section on Judicial Administration; Chairman of the American Bar Association-Judiciary Liaison Committee, subcommittee of the Judicial Conference of the United States Committee on International Judicial Relations; member of Advisory Panel to American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research’s ten-year Project to Study the Constitution (1977-87); member of the American Judicature Society; member of Advisory Panel to the Rule of Law Advisory Board of the Miller Institute for Global Challenges and the Law at the University of California, Berkeley, Boalt Hall School of Law.

Chaired the committee which made in-depth investigation of the Judicial Conference of the Ninth and other circuits; developed a new concept for circuit conferences which emphasized stronger lawyer participation, making courts more effective, providing a year-long mechanism to implement conference themes, planning new conferences, and instituting district conferences.

In response to a proposal for a Washington, D.C.-based commission to investigate judges, co-authored and assisted in the passage of judicial discipline legislation (28 U.S.C.A. § 372), which made use of circuit councils. Assisted in developing concept of equal representation of district and circuit judges on the Judicial Council to insure fairness in judicial correction and other administrative issues.

-7- Was Chief Judge of the Ninth Circuit from February 1, 1991, until March 1, 1996, when voluntarily stepped down so that successor could be Chief Judge before he turned 65. As Chief Judge, developed innovative procedures for coping with the needs of a large circuit. For instance, developed the first federal appellate long- range plan with a mechanism to set annual strategic goals; assisted with the first, successful, federal, gender fairness, task force and organized a second task force on racial, religious and ethnic fairness; developed the mission statement for the Judicial Council; developed a cooperative education program for capital habeas corpus with certain states; appointed a capital case law clerk to assist district judges, and secured funding from State Justice Institute to carry out similar pilot programs in California and Arizona; developed a unique appellate settlement program; established the office of the “Commissioner” to handle CJA forms, certain motions, and attorney’s fees; developed a civil appeals program that provides separate tracks depending upon the nature and need of the case; and developed a pro se department and secured pro bono assistance for those cases needing argument.

Visiting Professor of Law and Lecturer, Brigham Young University School of Law; adjunct Professor of Law and Lecturer, University of San Diego School of Law and California Western School of Law; faculty member for 1985 Salzburg, Austria, seminar on “America Law and Legal Institution.”

4. Listing or Scholarly Articles (Lectures, speeches, or judicial opinions can be furnished upon request.) 5.

The United States Courts, The Role of International Courts, Keynote Speech, 2008 German Law Publishers, pp.301-306

Birth of the American Inns of Court, Berkeley Journal of International Law, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2007

Three Major Issues of Judicial Reform in the World, 2007 Journal of Law Application, Vol. 5, p.90

Theory, Practice, and Challenge of Transparency, 2006 China National Judges College Journal of Law Application, P.7

-8- Challenges and Opportunities Facing Religious Freedom in the Public Square, 2005 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 597

Improving the Appellate Process Worldwide Through Maximizing Judicial Resources, Vand. J. Transnat’l L. 187 (2005)

Comparative Perspectives on the Office of Chief Justice, 38 Cornell Int’l L.J. 219 (2005)

Globalization of Judicial Education, 28 Yale J. Int’l L. 355 (2003)

Civil Pretrial Procedures in Asia and the Pacific: A Comparative Analysis, 34 Geo. Wash. Int’l L. Rev. 1 (2002)

An Essay on Independence of the Judiciary: Independence From What and Why, 58 N.Y.U. Ann. Surv. Am. L. 241 (2001)

The Framers’ Establishment Clause: How High the Wall?, 2001 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 755 (2001)

Judicial Education and Training in Asia and the Pacific, 21 Mich. J. Int’l L. 849 (2000)

Inter-Branch Communication: A Time to Heal and Help, Jurist: Books-on- Law, (Vol. 2, No. 1, Jan. 1, 1999) [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/lawbooks/ revjan99.htm#Wallace]

Resolving Judicial Corruption While Preserving Judicial Independence: Comparative Perspectives, 28 Cal. W. Int’l L.J. 341 (1998)

A New Era of Federal-Tribal Court Cooperation, 79 Judicature 150 (1995)

The Ninth Circuit Should Not Be Split, 56 Ohio St. L.J. 941 (1995)

An Idea: The American Inns of Court, The Bencher (The Newsletter of the American Inns of Court), Vol. X, No. 1 (1995)

-9- Developing the Mission of the Federal Courts – A Method to Determine the Size of the Federal Judiciary, 27 Conn. L. Rev. 851 (1995)

How the People Are Protected from Their Government’s Errant Conduct: The United States Experience, Proceedings of the Conference on Administrative Courts, published by the Ministry of Justice, Thailand, 1994; 51 J. Thai Bar Ass’n 219 (1995)

The Case for Large Federal Courts of Appeals, 77 Judicature 288 (1994)

Tackling the Caseload Crisis: Legislators and Judges Should Weigh the Impact of Federalizing Crimes, 80 A.B.A. J. 88 (June 1994)

Keynote Address, printed in “Proceedings of the Western Regional Conference on State-Federal Judicial Relationships, June 4-5, 1993,” published by the State Justice Institute, 10 (1993)

The Future of the Judiciary: A Proposal, 27 Cal. W. L. Rev. 361 (1991)

Israeli and American Conceptions of Religious Freedom: A Response to Izhak Englard, printed in Religion and Law Biblical-Judaic and Islamic Perspectives 377 (1990)

The Influence of the United States Constitution on Pacific Nations, 16 Korean J. Comp. L. 14 (December 1988), revised for publication in 30 S. Tex. L. Rev. 353 (1989)

Whose Constitution? An Inquiry into the Limits of Constitutional Interpretation, printed in Still the Law of the Land? Essays on Changing Interpretations of the Constitution 1-13 (Hillsdale College Press 1987); reprinted by the Washington Legal Foundation (Working Paper Series - No. 6, September 1986); reprinted in part, 71 Judicature 81 (1987) and Judicial Politics, Readings from Judicature, 1992

Man Does Not Live by Law Alone, Introduction to Crime and Punishment in Modern America (The Institute for Government and Politics of the Free Congress Research and Education Foundation 1986)

-10- Before State and Federal Courts Clash, 24 Judges’ Journal 36 (Fall 1985)

The Law of Federal Courts, 62 Tex. L. Rev. 191 (1983) (reviewing Charles Alan Wright) A Two Hundred Year Old Constitution in Modern Society, 61 Tex. L. Rev. 1575 (1983)

The Nature and Extent of Intercircuit Conflicts: A Solution Needed for a Mountain or a Molehill?, 71 Cal. L. Rev. 913 (1983)

Judicial Reform and the Pound Conference of 1976, 80 Mich. L. Rev. 592 (1982)

American Inns of Court: A Way to Improve Advocacy, 68 A.B.A. J. 282 (March 1982)

Working Papers--Future of the Judiciary, 94 F.R.D. 225 (1981)

The Jurisprudence of Judicial Restraint: A Return to the Moorings, 50 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1 (1981), reprinted in Views from the Bench, the Judiciary and Constitutional Politics 155-165 (Chatham House 1985), republished in Judges on Judging View From The Bench 163-174 (Chatham House 1997), and reprinted in part in Sutherland, Statutes and Statutory Construction Ch. 21 (2005)

Wanted: Advocates Who Can Argue in Writing, 67 Ky. L.J. 375 (1978-79)

The Nunn Bill: An Unneeded Compromise of Judicial Independence, 61 Judicature 476 (1978)

Judicial Administration in a System of Independents: A Tribe with Only Chiefs, 1 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 39 (1978)

Our Judicial System Needs Help: A Few Inside Thoughts, 12 U.S.F. L. Rev. 3 (1977)

Must We Have the Nunn Bill? The Alternative of Judicial Councils of the Circuits, 51 Ind. L.J. 297 (1976)

-11- Dismissals and Retraxits, published in the 1964 Report of Third Annual Seminar, Association of Southern California Defense Counsel

Family Law: Appellate Contempt Jurisdiction Pending Custody Appeal: Continuing Jurisdiction of Trial Court Custody Orders Before the Appellate Court. Contempt: Requirement of Notice for Constructive Contempt: Contempt for Violation of a Statutory Stay, 42 Cal. L. Rev. 885 (1954)

Evidence: Right of Opponent to Production of Memoranda Used by Witness to Refresh Recollection Prior to Testifying, 41 Cal. L. Rev. 753 (1953)

6. Other Public Activities

Widower twice and now married to Dixie Jenee Robison Wallace; 15 children, 51 grandchildren, and 7 great-grandchildren.

Delivered commencement addresses at Brigham Young University 1972 and 1987, Western State University College of Law 1987, and California Western School of Law 1990. Member of California Western School of Law Council of Visitors (2002- ); former member of the Board of Visitors, University of San Diego School of Law; former member of the Board of Councilors, University of Southern California Law Center; former member of the Board of Visitors, Brigham Young University School of Law (member of the Executive Committee and chairman of the Faculty and Curriculum Committee).

In the local community, served as Vice President of San Diego County Council; member of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee, Boy Scouts of America, 1977-1993; co-chair of Boy Scouts of America committee to develop scouting in Black and Hispanic San Diego communities; member of the San Diego County Nominating Committee for the Red Cross, 1984; active in Parent Teachers Association; consistent participation in church (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) activities, including Regional Representative (training Stake Presidents) (twice), Stake President (Supervisor of Stake - akin to a diocese), Counselor to Stake President, Bishop (Supervisor of Ward - akin to a parish), Temple President, Sunday School teacher, Mission, etc.; frequent speaker at school, youth, and other organization meetings.

-12- 7. Contributions to the Advancement of the Rule of Law and Administration of Justice Throughout the World

Used vacations since 1972 to work with judiciaries overseas – worked directly with judiciaries in over 50 countries on every continent. After taking senior status, spends about one-half of time on this effort. Developed the concept of the Chief Justices of Asia and the Pacific and has been a participant in those conferences for more than 20 years. Worked with many countries to develop judicial needs assessments and assisted in the implementation of programs to meet needs.

a. Representative international lectures and speeches:

Algeria National Institute of Magistrature Second Instance Court – Blida Asia and the Pacific Conference of Chief Justices of Asia and the Pacific (twelve lectures) 1983 LAWASIA seminar of 13 Asian countries on delay in courts Bangladesh American Cultural Center – Dhaka Institute of Law & International Affairs Supreme Court (multiple) Barbados Developed Needs Assessment Brazil Supreme Court Brazil-United States Administration of Justice Project Botswana Botswana High Court - Case Management Training (3 times 2007) Canada Fourth Worldwide Commonlaw Judiciary Conference Sustainable Justice Conference Act of Settlement Conference Cambodia Workshop on Judicial Ethics Defenders Project East Timor

-13- Court of Appeals and Superior Council of Magistrates (Code of Conduct) Egypt Al Ahram’s World Journalism Institute National Center for Judicial Studies Civil Justice Reform Program 1994 Conference on Modernizing Egyptian Judiciary Criminal Justice Reform Program England Magdalen College – Oxford King’s College 7th Worldwide Common Law Conference 2007 Federated States of Micronesia National Judicial College-Training for Non-Lawyer Judges of the Pacific Islands Fiji High Court The Law Society of Fiji University of the South Pacific Guam Pacific Judicial Council Conference Guatemala Unidad de Modernizacion del Organismo Judicial Hong Kong Hong Kong University Court of Final Appeals (multiple) High Court (multiple) 12th Conference of Chief Justices of Asia and the Pacific 2007 India Bangalore Bar Association Ahmedabad High Court Ahmedabad Bar Association Civil Justice Reform Projects (multiple) National Bar Council Indonesia Bandung High Court Bandung District Court Constitutional Court

-14- Jakarta High Court Supreme Court (multiple) Civil Justice Reform Project International Law and Religion Symposium, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (multiple) Israel Meetings as advisor to Chief Justices (multiple) Supreme Court (multiple) Tel Aviv Judge’s Association Trial Judge’s Seminar (multiple) International Organization for Judicial Training conference (twice) Jordan Civil and Criminal Judicial Reform meeting (multiple) Kenya Sustainable Development Planning Committee Korea International Legal Society National University College of Law 22nd International American Studies Seminar of the American Studies Association of Korea Lao Conference on Developing an Appellate Court Macao Court of Final Appeals Malaysia International Islamic University Commonwealth Judicial Workshop on Judicial Accountability Rotary Club-Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Bar Council Conference of Chief Judicial Administrators of Asia Supreme Court, High Court, and Sessions Court Judges in Kuala Lumpur MARA Institute of Technology, School of Law and Administration University of Malaysia Mexico Supreme Court (1989) Mongolia Parliament Legal Committee

-15- Montenegro The Network for the Affirmation of NGO Sector Morocco Ministry of Justice (twice) Nepal Tribhuvan University Nigeria Supreme Court High Court (multiple) New Caledonia South Pacific Judicial Conference New Zealand Conference of Chief Justices of Asia and the Pacific Various legal and law school groups Pakistan Islamabad’s American Cultural Center Judicial Conferences Judicial Training Academy Dedication 50th Anniversary Celebration of the Supreme Court of Pakistan Palestine Meetings with each judge and other leaders; developed needs assessment Papua New Guinea Judicial Conference Supreme Court (multiple) People’s Republic of China Supreme People’s Court (multiple) High Court of Shanghai Intermediate People’s Court of Xian Judicial Training Institute (multiple) Shanghai Legal Society Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Law School Beijing Foreign Studies University Fudan University Peking (Beijing) University Law School Renmin University Temple University Law School Tsinghua University

-16- Philippines Philippine Association of Law Professors Philippine Association of Law Schools Institute of Judicial Administration Integrated Bar of the Philippines Judges Association Annual Conference St. Louis University College of Law, Baguio City Trial Judges of Manila Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro City Judicial Reform Conferences (multiple) Russia Supreme Qualifying Collegium of Judges Conference Judges meetings, Vladivostok Salzburg European Forum Alpach & University of St. Gallon Samoa High Court of Samoa Conference of Judges and Lawyers Singapore National University Supreme Court Registrars High Court South Africa World Summit for Sustainable Development, Global Judges Symposium – Johannesburg EnviroLaw 2002 Conference – Durban South Pacific Judicial Conferences (multiple lectures) Spain International Organization for Judicial Training conference Sri Lanka Judges’ Institute University of Colombo Syria American Cultural Center – Damascus Tanzania Court of Appeals High Court Judges Anti-Corruption Conference

-17- Taiwan Council of Grand Justices (multiple) Institute of the Three Principles of the People Institute of American Culture, Academia Sinica Taipei Bar Association Thailand Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Law Judges of the Civil Courts of Bangkok, Phuket, Chiang Mai Office of the Attorney General Supreme Court (multiple) Thai Bar Association (First Prince Ripi Lecturer) High Courts in Three Regions ABA Asia Law Initiative Tonga, Kingdom of Pacific Judicial Conference, Turkey Conference on Criminal Justice Reform b. Representative international conferences: 1975 World Peace Through Law Conference 1977 American team for the Anglo-American Exchange (studying the appellate systems of the United States and England) 1989 American team for the Anglo/American Exchange (studying civil procedure systems of the United States and England) 1990 Fifth International Conference of Appellate Judges (held in Washington, D.C.), member of program committee 1992 Sixth International Conference of Appellate Judges as U.S. representative (held in Nigeria) 1994 and 2001-02 India-United States Judicial Exchanges 1994 Mekong Regional Law Center Conference (Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2003 Worldwide Common Law Conferences held in Washington, D.C., Edinburgh, Scotland, Vancouver, Canada, and Sydney, Australia 2001 and 2002 International Working Conversation on Enviro-Genetics Disputes and Issues, Hawaii and Canada 2002 U.N. Global Judges Symposium-Sustainable Development & The Role of Law, Johannesburg (U.S. representative)

-18- 2003 All-Africa Conference on Law, Justice & Development, Nigeria 2003 11th International Anti-Corruption Conference, Seoul, Korea 2003 Global Forum III on Fighting Corruption and Safeguarding Integrity, Seoul, Korea 2003 Arab Judicial Forum, Bahrain 2003 Meeting of Judicial Educators, Dubai 2003 International Conference on ADR, Conciliation, Mediation and Case Management, India 2003 13th Commonwealth Lawyers Association Conference, Melbourne, Australia 2003 11th International Judicial Conference, Washington, D.C. 2004 12th International Judicial Conference, Bucharest, Romania 2005 22nd Conference on the Law of the World, Beijing, People's Republic of China 2005 Thirteenth Annual International Judicial Conference, Kyiv, Ukraine 2006 Fourteenth Annual International Judicial Conference, Prague, Czech Republic 2006 International Seminar on Improving Mechanisms of Uniform Application of Law, Xian, People's Republic of China 2007 Fifteenth Annual International Judicial Conference, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. 2007 International Conference on Democracy, Participation and Accountability: Comparative Perspectives, Bangkok, Thailand 2007 Conference of the International Organization for Judicial Training, Barcelona, Spain 2007 Pacific Judicial Conference, Kingdom of Tonga 2007 Pacific Judicial Council Conference, Guam 2009 Conference of the International Organization for Judicial Training c. Other international activities: Served on Committee planning the creation of the South Pacific Judicial Conference Created and taught a course in judicial administration at the Brigham Young University School of Law in 1982, at Salzburg, Austria, in 1985, and at the Institute on International and Comparative Law, King’s College London, in 1987

-19- Senior Advisor on Legal Systems and Judicial Administration to The Asia Foundation – working with judiciaries in all Asian and Pacific countries, including Far East Russia, on judicial administration improvements Advisor to the Thailand Judicial Training Institute Retained judicial administration consultant by courts of Mexico, Thailand, Israel and others Assisted in developing court improvements in Palestine Traveled to Israel to assist the Chief Justice in planning and establishment of the International Organization for Judicial Training, and attended the first Conference, gave the keynote speech Member of the National Committee on United States-China Relations (2002- ) Member of the Executive Committee, International Organization for Judicial Training (1999- )