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THE NORFOLK RIVERS TRUST RESTORING NORFOLK’S RIVERS THE RIVER MUN (OR MUNDESLEY BECK) A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN DEVELOPED IN PARTNERSHIP WITH CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Introduction 1 The Water Framework Directive 1 This plan has been produced by Norfolk Rivers Trust in of species and habitats as well as for agricultural and A choice for the fut ure of our rivers… 2 consultation with relevant agencies, landowners, farmers drinking water abstraction. and residents in the Mun Catchment. The aim of the River Mun statistics 4 plan is to provide a framework for improvement of the The plan begins by providing an audit of the current state Why restore rivers? 4 ecological status of the Mun River (or Mundesley Beck of the catchment. Then information gathered is used as it is known by some locals), guided by the Water to identify ecological pressures in the catchment. In the Framework Directive. Delivery of the actions outlined final stages of the plan, solutions to these pressures are THE CATCHMENT in the plan will lead to improvements in water quality identified, costed and prioritised. Several projects have throughout the catchment, providing benefits for a variety elements which could be pushed forward soon with the The River Mun catchment 5 help of local support and volunteers. The Community 6 Overview of restorations options 7 Geology and geodiversity 8 Wildlife 11 THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE A history of human management and the catchment 13 The Water Framework Directive (WFD) was introduced status”, and designated as either bad, poor, moderate, The Mun from source to mouth 14 in 2000 and commits European Union member states good or high. Each member state is required to bring to improving the physical and ecological quality of their its water bodies to good status by 2015. Where this is THE PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS streams, rivers and lakes. The quality of these waters not possible, good status must be achieved by 2021 or is measured using a range of indicators outlined below 2027, depending on the severity of the barrier to good River structure 20 which combine to give a picture of a river’s health. Using status. The majority of Britain’s rivers fail to attain good this combination of indicators a river (or groundwater status due to a wide variety of pressures. In England, the Connections between the river and its floodplain unit, or lake) is then graded on its overall “ecological Environment Agency is responsible for WFD delivery. and along-river barriers 20 Fish passage 21 Water quality 21 Water Framework Current river Predicted by 2015 Directive Status Status (2009) Abstraction 21 Ecosystem 21 Bad Status of invasive non-native species on the River Mun 22 Poor Overall ecological Overall ecological status status Fish Key invasive species close to the River Mun 24 Fish Biosecurity considerations 25 Moderate Summary and Recommendations 25 Good Invertebrates Invertebrates Trees and woody habitat 26 Good Good Phosphate Phosphate Flow dynamics Flow dynamics AN ACTION PLAN supports good supports good High Dissolved oxygen Dissolved oxygen Section 1 – Templewood 27 Ammonia Ammonia pH pH Section 2 – Templewood – Gimingham 32 Zinc Zinc Section 3 – Gimingham – tidal outfall 32 Heavily Modified Water Body for Heavily Modified Water Author: Olly van Biervliet of Norfolk Rivers Trust wider environment Body for wider Further Information 32 environment Costs and timeline 33 Design: Ark Creative (UK) Ltd Table 1. Results of detailed water body investigations undertaken by the Environment Agency to determine the status of the River Mun. A prediction about the status at the next “waypoint” in the WFD schedule (2015) is also shown. This plan has been enriched by Lloyd Housley Rory Sanderson Jonathan Lewis THANKS contributions from many different Stewart Grocott (for F1 wheel Helen Blower Emmie van Biervliet (Artist) people and organisations. Norfolk changing skills) Sam Brown Sam Brown Rivers Trust would like to thank all David Love those involved for their help: Amy Prendergast Dr Rob McInnes Frank Mason Bridget Marr Eddie Anderson Lorraine Marks Zoe Pittaway Kate Tonks Dr Carl Sayer Fiona Wood Mr Cargill Dr Iain Cross Lucinda Gilfoyle Chris Payne Dr Gabriella Dotro Jonah Tosney THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN | PAGE 1 A CHOICE FOR THE FUT URE OF OUR RIVERS… Emmie van Biervliet PAGE 2 | THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN | PAGE 3 RIVER MUN STATISTICS SECTION 1 THE CATCHMENT Approximate river length: 7.94 km (Source and STW – Sea) The Mun is a small river which draws its waters from a normally be expected due to the proximity to the coast Catchment area: 22 km2 superficial aquifer comprised predominantly of sands which means that groundwater is lost towards the sea, Legal designations: Bathing Water Directive, Nitrates Directive and gravels. It flows parallel to the Norfolk coast from instead of draining into the river exclusively. In general, Northrepps through Gimingham and discharges into the the stream has been modified extensively by multiple Protected area Parts of Templewood are a Country Wildlife site sea at Mundesley. The river sometimes flows from a ditch impoundments and channel straightening. There are designations: which originates close to Northrepps, but the initial source no sections of naturally meandering river channel. The of its water is usually the treated effluent from Northrepps catchment itself is predominantly comprised of arable Sewage Treatment Works. The flow is then augmented by agriculture, with some forest immediately surrounding the multiple seepages throughout Templewood. The amount river in its upper reaches. of water derived from the catchment is less than would WHY RESTORE RIVERS? Britain’s rivers generally fail to reach “good” ecological absorb and process pollutants. This enhances water quality. This is both a problem in itself and a sentinel of quality within limits, however, very polluted rivers have less trouble. wildlife and in turn a reduced capacity to provide such benefits. This leads to a downward spiral. Wildlife itself A well-functioning river system is an inseparable also has an intrinsic value and is enjoyed by groups such combination of good water quality, distinctive physical as fishermen, ramblers and bird watchers. processes and diverse wildlife. These factors interact to provide benefits. A naturally functioning river has a If any of the three pillars of the river system are damaged floodplain with sufficient capacity to absorb inundation (water quality, physical processes, ecosystem), then the and to act as a store for silt carried by high flows. The river value of the entire interconnected system is reduced. channel is also self-scouring. This reduces flood risk and Arguably, we also have a responsibility to repair our the need for expensive management. Headwater forests damaged natural heritage for future generations. Thus, reduce surges of water into the system by increasing ecological restoration aims to enhance the functioning, as drainage and removal of water. Moreover, the vegetation, well as the intrinsic value of our beautiful rivers. microbes and invertebrates in the river corridor also Map 1. River Mun catchment. PAGE 4 | THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN | PAGE 5 THE COMMUNITY OVERVIEW OF RESTORATIONS OPTIONS It is part of the Norfolk Rivers Trust’s mission to gain the active participation of the community to restore their river. Summary of possible restoration options on the River Stakeholders help us to set objectives, keep us informed Mun. These proposals will greatly enhance the water about issues on the ground such as pollution, and quality and wildlife value of the river. It is stressed that actively volunteer to make many more worthwhile projects these are subject to landowner consent and are only possible. outline ideas at this stage, with the exception of projects which are underway which are being undertaken in Norfolk Rivers Trust have recently started to work in the partnership with landowners. Mun catchment, and we were very pleased to receive around 170 people at our latest event. So far, we have also been grateful for the enthusiasm and participation of several locals in the process of planning future conservation work, and would be very happy to hear from anyone who has an interest in conservation around the River Mun. Cooperation from landowners and support from volunteers have been vital in the first projects which we have undertaken surrounding the Mun, such as pond restoration and public access work at The Grove which was underway in March 2014. Map 2. Approximate locations of possible restoration options on the River Mun. Rhododendron clearance at The Grove. A pre-works briefing. PAGE 6 | THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN THE RIVER MUN A WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE LOCAL CATCHMENT PLAN | PAGE 7 The Ridge was formed from deposits left behind by a GEOLOGY AND succession of ice sheets during the Anglian glaciation, Gimingham Quarry about 450,000 years ago. In this area it rests on a layer provides window into GEODIVERSITY of marine sands, gravels and clays of the Norwich Crag, the sediments of the about 2 million years old. This complex geology can Cromer Ridge. Seen readily be seen where the Ridge meets the sea in the Sands and gravels here, chalky tills at cliffs between Overstrand and Trimingham. Chalk is the base of the pit are Introduction present underground, but at considerable depth so it has overlain by sands and The River Mun is a small river in north-east Norfolk. It is little influence on local groundwater; a borehole at Craft gravels of the Briton’s only about 8 km (5 miles) in length. It has its headwaters Lane, Northrepps, penetrated no less than 67 m (220 ft) Lane Formation.