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Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing

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Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing A Handbook for Use by Fuel and Oil Quality Regulatory Officials This publication is available free of charge from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.HB.158 NIST Handbook 158 2016 INSIDE FRONT COVER - BLANK NIST Handbook 158 2016 Edition FIELD SAMPLING PROCEDURES FOR FUEL AND MOTOR OIL QUALITY TESTING A HANDBOOK FOR USE BY FUEL AND OIL QUALITY REGULATORY OFFICIALS Editor: Kenneth Butcher Linda Crown David Sefcik Lisa Warfield Office of Weights and Measures Physical Measurements Laboratory Carol Hockert, Chief Office of Weights and Measures Physical Measurements Laboratory This publication is available free of charge from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.HB.158 April 2016 U.S. Department of Commerce Penny Pritzker, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology Willie May, Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and Director Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. National Institute of Standards and Technology Handbook 158, 2016 Edition Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Handb. 158, 2016 Ed., 68 pages (April 2016) CODEN: NIHAE2 NIST Handbook 158 (2016) Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The staff of the Office of Weights and Measures of the National Institute of Standards and Technology expresses sincere appreciation to the remarkable program directors, field officials, laboratory staff and other personnel from the States of California, Colorado, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina and Virginia who shared their expertise, enthusiasm, knowledge and technical resources to make this handbook possible. iii Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing NIST Handbook 158 (2016) THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iv NIST Handbook 158 (2016) Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................... iii I. PURPOSE AND SCOPE .............................................................................................................................. 1 II. TERMINOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Chain-of-Evidence (custody) ....................................................................................................................... 1 B. Sample ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 C. Sampled Lot ................................................................................................................................................. 2 III. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................ 2 A. Awareness .................................................................................................................................................... 2 B. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) .............................................................................................................................. 3 C. Static Electricity........................................................................................................................................... 3 D. Personal Protective Equipment .................................................................................................................... 4 E. Other Safety and Accessory Equipment ...................................................................................................... 4 F. Vehicle and Sample Case Markings for Hazardous Materials Transportation – Alerting Emergency Responders ................................................................................................................................................... 5 G. Safety and Health Checklist and Periodic Review ....................................................................................... 6 H. Training ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 IV. SAMPLING PROCEDURE OVERVIEW .................................................................................................. 7 A. Data .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 B. Instruments and Sampling Equipment ......................................................................................................... 8 C. Sampling Procedures ................................................................................................................................... 8 V. FUEL SAMPLING ........................................................................................................................................ 8 A. Types of Manual Sampling .......................................................................................................................... 9 B. Samplers ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 C. Fuel Sample Containers ............................................................................................................................. 15 D. Washing and Drying Sample Containers (one example) ........................................................................... 18 E. Capacities ................................................................................................................................................... 19 F. Identifying Samples for Traceability ......................................................................................................... 19 G. Sample Transport Cases............................................................................................................................. 20 I. Security Seals for Containers and Boxes ................................................................................................... 21 J. Recommended Sampling Equipment - Nozzle Extender ............................................................................. 21 VI. SAMPLING PROCEDURE FOR TAKING FUEL SAMPLES AT RETAIL FUELING LOCATIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 22 A. Preparation ................................................................................................................................................. 22 B. Sample and Containers .............................................................................................................................. 24 C. Sampling .................................................................................................................................................... 26 D. Protecting Fuel Samples ............................................................................................................................ 31 v Field Sampling Procedures for Fuel and Motor Oil Quality Testing NIST Handbook 158 (2016) E. Visual Inspection – (Per ASTM D6751 and ASTM D4814-09b - 6. Workmanship) ................................ 32 F. Transporting Samples to Laboratory ......................................................................................................... 34 G. Chain of Evidence (Custody) and Transfer ................................................................................................ 34 H. Timeliness of Samples ............................................................................................................................... 34 I. Respond to Test Results – Time is of the Essence. .................................................................................... 34 VII. TESTING FOR WATER IN A FUEL STORAGE TANK ...................................................................... 36 A. Storage Tanks ............................................................................................................................................ 36 VIII. LABELING ENFORCEMENT CHECKLIST AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE OUTLINE FOR TAKING SAMPLES OF MOTOR OIL AT SERVICE LOCATIONS .................................................. 38 A. Preparation ................................................................................................................................................. 38 B. Labeling and Documentation ..................................................................................................................... 39 C. Payment for Samples ................................................................................................................................. 44 D. Taking Oil Samples ................................................................................................................................... 45 APPENDIX A. – MONTHLY SAFETY AND HEALTH EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST ................................
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