Bharatesh Homoeopathic

BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, POST GRADUATE RESEARCH CENTRE, BELGAUM-590016. KARNATAKA.

Recognized by

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HOMOEOPATHY, NEW DELHI.

Affiliated to

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE.

SYNOPSIS M.D (HOMOEOPATHY)

THE EFFICACY OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF “EPISTAXIS”

Dr. SAURABH PAL

Dr. S.M. ANGADI M.D (HOM) Professor, Guide and HOD, Department of Materia Medica,

BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, BELGAUM. From, Dr. SAURABH PAL

Dr. S.M. ANGADI M.D. (HOM) Professor, Guide & HOD, Department of Materia Medica, Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Belgaum.

Sub:-Application to accept my synopsis for the dissertation.

Respected Sir,

I Dr. Saurabh Pal, would like to forward my application for the approval of

my synopsis under your guidance for the following topic THE EFFICACY OF

PHOSPHORUS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF “EPISTAXIS”.

Hope you will approve the same.

Thanking you.

Date: 24-10-2009

Place: Belgaum Yours sincerely

Dr. SAURABH PAL Department of Materia Medica, Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Belgaum. From, Dr. S.M ANGADI M.D. (HOM) Professor, Guide &HOD, Department of Materia Medica, Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Belgaum.

To, Dr. SAURABH PAL

Sub: Acceptance of synopsis for the dissertation.

Dear Doctor,

I have accepted your topic THE EEFICACY OF PHOSPHORUS IN

THE MANAGEMENT OF “EPISTAXSIS” for the dissertation. Your synopsis will

be forwarded to the Rajiv Gandhi University Of Health Sciences, Bangalore.

Date: 24-10-2009

Place: Belgaum

Dr. S.M.ANGADI Professor, Guide & HOD, Department of Materia Medica, Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Belgaum. RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE II APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1. NAME OF THE CANDIDATE DR. SAURABH PAL & THE ADDRESS DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA MEDICA, BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, BELGAUM.-16

PERMANENT ADDRESS DR. SAURABH PAL. S/O V.R.PAL STREET NO.4, DAMODAR PURAM, OLD CHANDMARI, SUBHASH NAGAR BAREILLY.- 243001 U.P.

2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, BELGAUM.-16

3. COURSE OF THE STUDY M.D. (HOM) MATERIA MEDICA AND SUBJECT.

4. DATE OF ADMISSION TO 17-03-2009 COURSE

5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC THE EFFICACY OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF “EPISTAXIS” 6. BRIEF RESUME OF INTENDED WORK:

6.1 NEED FOR STUDY:

Epistaxis has been referred to as the albatross of Otolaryngology

and is considered to be a significant and furious problem. It cannot only affect

the haemodynamics but may cause great anxiety to the patients and their

relatives.

Epistaxis is a very common complaint found in different age groups. This is of

concern because it leads to physical and psychological impact on ones health.

Homoeopathic approach to Epistaxis will provide an effective measure to deal

with it, because of its subjective; individualistic concept. Diseases like epistaxis

can be better managed by Homoeopathic medicines because of sufficient no. of

medicines to control almost every type of Epistaxis. A very well known and

effective medicine Phosphorus can be useful to deal with Epistaxis for its

pathogenetic (hence curative) qualities covering different varieties of

Epistaxis. Indications of Phosphorus in Hemorrhagic diathesis and its quality of

polycrest drug can be a sound basis for its use in epistaxis.

Therefore it is decided to carryout a study with cases to understand the efficacy

of homeopathic medicines and especially of Phosphorus for Epistaxis. 6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

 Bleeding from inside the nose is called Epistaxis. Bleeding from the nose

may occur as a result of a variety of causes ranging from insignificant

trauma to malignancy , and the blood loss may vary from a few drops to a

massive loss of many litres .1

 From the two types of Epistaxis: Anterior and Posterior epistaxis,

anterior epistaxis is more common than posterior epistaxis. Anterior

epistaxis mainly occurs in children and young adults, while the posterior

epistaxis occurs after the age of 40 years.2

 Aetiology of epistaxis are classified as (1) Local and (2) general. Local

causes include trauma, acute infection, ulceration, separation of crusts and

heridetary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. General causes include hypertension,

venous congestion of the head and neck, bleeding diseases and leukaemia.3

 Nosebleeds are due to the rupture of a blood vessel within the richly

perfused nasal mucosa. Rupture may be spontaneous or initiated by trauma.

Nosebleeds are reported in up to 60% of the population with peak incidences

in those under the age of ten and over the age of 50 and appears to occur in

males more than females. An increase in blood pressure (e.g. due to general

hypertension) tends to increase the duration of spontaenous epistaxis..

Anticoagulant medication and disorders of blood clotting can promote and

prolong bleeding. Spontaneous epistaxis is more common in the elderly as

the nasal mucosa (lining) becomes dry and thin and blood pressure tends to

be higher. The elderly are also more prone to prolonged nose bleeds as their

blood vessels are less able to constrict and control the

bleeding.8

 The nose has several physiologic functions. One of these is to serve as a

conduct for inspired and expired air. Another function of the nose is

6.3 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

Keeping in view the increasing incidences and limited scope of old schools of

medicines it is decided to carry-out a study regarding

‘Efficacy of Phosphorus in the management of Epistaxis’.

. The objectives of this study are:

 To study the clinical spectrum of Epistaxis.  To establish the efficacy of Phosphorus in curing and preventing the incidences of Epistaxis

7. MATERIAL AND METHODS:

7.1 SOURCE OF DATA The cases for the study will be selected from the OPD, IPD, peripheral

clinics and regular camp visits of Bharatesh homoeopathic Medical College and

Hospital, Belgaum.

7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA ( INCLUDING SAMPLING

PROCEDURE IF ANY)

a) Patients will be selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.

b) Minimum sample size will be 30. Simple random sampling procedure will

be adopted.

c) All cases will be taken as per the Performa prepared for the study.

d) All patients registered between the period of July 2009 to November 2010

will be selected for the study. No new cases will be taken after November

2010. All cases shall be followed up for period of 2-6 months.

e) Prognosis – Assessment will be based on the general and local

improvement of the patient as per principles of Homoeopathy.

Inclusion criteria:

 Age between 1-65 yrs is considered for case study 7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATIONS OR INTERVENTIONS TO BE CONDUCTED ON THE PATIENT OR HUMANS OR ANIMALS? IF SO, PLEASE MENTION BRIEFLY.

 Complete Haematological investigations with Bleeding

Time & Clotting Time, Platelet count.

 X-Ray’s

 Additional investigations if needed.

7.4 HAS ETHICAL CLEARANCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7.3?

Yes ethical clearance has been obtained from the institution.

8. LIST OF REFERENCES

1. A Short Text Book Of E.N.T. Diseases For

Students And Practitioners, By Krishnakant B .Bhargava, Sameer K

Bhargava and Tilak M Shah., Usha Publication,4th edition 1997,pg no.225

2. Diseases of Ear, Nose And Throat, By P.L Dhingra,3rd edition 2004,

Published by Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, pg no.218

3. Price’s Text Book Of The Practice Of Medicine , By R .F. McNab

Jones, Edited by Sir Ronald Bodley Scott.12th edition, 1982. Oxford

Medical Publications, pg no.839.

4. Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica ,by James Tyler Kent,

2002, B. Jain Publishers. pg. no 827)

5. New Manual Of Homoeopathic Materia Medica& Repertory by W.

Boericke., edition 2002,B.Jain.Publishers.pvt.ltd,New Delhi,

pg.no.495.

6. Physiological Materia Medica By WM .H .Burt., M.D, B .Jain

Publisher. Pvt. ltd. New Delhi, 3rd edition, edition 1996, pg.no 707.

7. Lectures on Materia Medica, By Carroll Dunham, M.D, 5th edition,

2004, B.Jain. Publisher’s .pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, pg.no.342.

8. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistaxis.

9. health.ucsd.edu/specialties/surgery/.../nasal/physiology.htm 9. SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE

10. REMARKS OF THE GUIDE

11. NAME AND Dr. S.M.ANGADI DESIGNATION OF PROFESSOR, GUIDE & HOD, DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA 11.1 GUIDE MEDICA, BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, DHARWAR ROAD, BELGAUM.

11.2 SIGNATURE

11.3 CO-GUIDE (IF ANY)

11.4 SIGNATURE

11.5 HEAD OF THE Dr. S.M.ANGADI DEPARTMENT PROFESSOR,GUIDE & HOD, DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA MEDICA, BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, DHARWAR ROAD, BELGAUM.

11.6 SIGNATURE

12. 12.1 REMARKS OF CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL

12.2 SIGNATURE