Utah Forensics Association Handbook

Utah Forensic Association

Handbook

Second Edition 2004

Updated by: Leslie Robinett, Jordan High School Harry Davis, Hunter High School Ryan Hoglund, Rowland Hall St. Mark’s School Utah Forensics Association Handbook

Table of Contents

Utah Speech Arts Association Constitution...... 4 Utah Forensics Association Constitution...... 6 By Laws...... 13 Sanctions ...... 13 Fees...... 14 Breach of Contract...... 15 Recording...... 15 Region Tournaments...... 16 Guidelines...... 16 Region Meets...... 17 State Tournaments...... 18 General Instructions...... 18 Sweepstakes Points...... 20 The Replacement Rule……………………………………………………...20 3A, 4A, 5A State Tournament Public Forum, Team and Lincoln-Douglas Debate...... 21 Student Congress...... 24 Individual Events...... 25 1A, 2A State Tournament Lincoln-Douglas and SPAR...... 28 Student Congress...... 29 Individual Events...... 30 Spontaneous Argumentation...... 32 State Tournament Common Events Extemporaneous Speaking...... 33 Impromptu Speaking...... 35 Original Oratory...... 36 Ethics...... 37 Purpose...... 37 Amendment Process...... 37 State Speech Ethics Committee...... 37 Rules and Guidelines for Forensic Students...... 38 Rules and Guidelines for Forensic Coaches...... 40 Rules and Guidelines for Tournament Officials...... 42 Primary Forensic Events...... 44 Policy Debate...... 45 Lincoln-Douglas Debate...... 47 Student Congress...... 49 Extemporary Speaking...... 52 Original Oratory...... 54

2 Impromptu Speaking...... 56 Spontaneous Argumentation...... 58 Public Forum…………………………………………………………….….60 Secondary Forensic Events...... 61 Appendix...... 62 Ballots Directory UHSAA State Speech Tournament Guidelines

3 UTAH SPEECH ARTS ASSOCIATION CONSTITUTION

Article I – Name

This organization shall be known as the Utah Speech Arts Association.

Article II – Purpose

The purposes of this organization are

A. To represent the activities of debate, speech, and drama before the Utah High School Activities Association.

B. To exist as the parent organization ot the Utah Forensics Association and the Utah Drama Association.

Article III – Membership

All members of the Utah Forensics Association or the Utah Drama Association are members of the Utah Speech Arts Association. Membership fees will be determined by USA general council and billed by the Speech Arts Treasurer.

Article IV – Association Funds

The Speech Arts Association will neither receive nor disburse any funds. Any costs incurred for the purpose of conducting a meeting for the Utah Speech Arts Association will be borne equally by the Utah Forensics Association and the Utah Drama Association.

Article V – Officers

Section 1. The elected officers of the Utah Speech Arts Association will be President, a Past-Presidents, a President-elect, whose terms shall each be one year beginning and ending at the annual Utah Education Association (U.E.A.) Meeting. The president-elect shall succeed the president, who will succeed the past-president, giving each elected officer a term of three years. The Forensics Representative and the Drama Representative are also officers, elected by their associations.

Section 2. The President-elect will be elected alternately form he membership of the Utah Drama Association and the Utah Forensics Association beginning with the Utah Drama Association for the 1996-97 year.

Section 3. The officers make-up the Executive Committee.

4 Section 4. The qualifications of office are:

A. Must be a forensics and/or drama coach. B. Must be an active paid member of the Utah Forensics Association or the Utah Drama Association. C. Must not be related to any other member of the Executive Committee. D. Must be familiar with this constitution and with the handbooks of the Utah Forensics Association and the Utah Drama Association.

Section 5. The duties of the officers are:

A. The President will officiate at any meeting of the Utah Speech Arts Association. He/She will chair the Executive Committee. He/he will attend the speech committees of the Utah High School Activities Association as a voting member. B. The Past-president and President-elect will advise the president on all matters of interest to the Utah Speech Arts Association. They also sit on the Executive Committee as voting members. C. The Forensics and Drama Representatives sit on the Executive Committee as the voting members. D. Members of the Executive Committee will assist in the running of the state tournaments as needed.

Section 6. Each year either of the Utah Forensic Association or the Utah Drama Association in turn as described in Section 2 above, will nominate and elect the President-elect on or before the annual UEA annual conference. The president of the electing association will notify the new incoming president of the election results.

Article VI – Meetings

Section 1. The Utah Speech Arts Association will hold a general meeting each year during the UEA conference or whenever the Executive Committee deems it necessary.

Section 2. The Executive Committee may meet whenever it chooses; however, it must at least once each year prior to the UEA meeting. All policy decisions of the Committee must be ratified by the general membership.

Section 3. Notices of meetings will be distributed by the Utah Forensics Association and the Utah Drama Association to its members.

Article VII – Amendments

This constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the general membership at the UEA meeting. Proxies are acceptable voting vehicles. Amendments must be proposed to the President at least 30 days prior to any meeting and must be distributed to members through the Utah Forensics Association and Utah Drama Association at least two weeks prior to a general meeting.

5 Utah Forensics Association Constitution

Article 1-Name

This Organization shall be known as the Utah Forensics Association

Article II- Purpose

Section 1. The purposes of this organization are:

A. To provide guidance and aid to all Utah high school directors of debate and speech in the development of their curricular and co-curricular work.

B. To stimulate better teaching by providing in-service opportunities and giving personal recognition to those in our profession who have demonstrated excellence.

C. To provide further opportunities for effective speech and debate training of high school students.

D. To supervise the conducting of practice, regional and state tournaments in forensics.

E. To recognize excellence of performance at these tournaments.

Section 2 This organization seeks to improve all activities which promote interscholastic speech competition as long as those activities are educationally sound, worthy, timely, and contribute directly to the educational, civic, social, and ethical development of the students involved.

Section 3 The objectives of the speech training opportunities provided by this organization include:

A. Educational Development- to develop the skills of analysis, research,critical thinking and informative and persuasive communication, understanding and appreciation of literature, oral interpretation of literary, dramatic and oratorical selections.

B. Civic Development- to develop knowledge and understanding of public issues on local, national, and international levels and to prepare for the reasonable exercise of articulate and informed civic leadership.

C. Social Development- to develop better understanding and tolerance among students of different schools and communities, to stimulate interest in the solution of social problems, to develop well-balanced personalities in competitive situations.

D. Ethical Development- to develop personal qualities of truthfulness, fairness, and tolerance in bearing the ethical responsibilites of public speakers to be honest, to learn to win or lose

6 graciously by accepting with good sprotsmanship the judges decisions and criticisms with a view towards improvement.

Article III- Membership

Section 1. This organization shall consist of forensic coaches from any school which is recognized as a member of the Utah High School Activities Association (UHSAA) and who have paid the annual membership dues.

Section 2. All forensic competitors will be required to follow the rules, regulations, and guidelines printed in the most currently published handbook of the UHSAA. A copy may be obtained from individual school principals or by writing the UHSAA, 199 East 7200 South Midvale, Utah 84047, Phone: (801) 566-0681, or online at uhsaa.org

Section 3. Each member school must submit a list of all students who are eligible to compete in forensics to the UHSAA according to the annual deadline. This list must be updated each grading period and certified by the principal.

Article IV- Membership Dues

Section 1. Any high school teacher of forensics may join the Utah Forensics Association by paying the annual dues specified by the Board of Directors. These funds are collected from schools by the treasurer.

Section 2. The money collected from dues will help to defray the costs of the Association as listed in Article V.

Section 3. A person must be a paid member of the Utah Forensics Association in order to serve as an officer of the Board of Directors.

Section 4. A school shall not be denied participation or information if its coach chooses not to become a member or the Utah Forensics Association; however, such school must pay the costs associated with the dissemination of any information.

Article V-Association Funds

Section 1. The general fund of the Utah Forensics Association will be administered as follows.

A. The general fund of the Association as described herein will be administered by the Utah Forensics Association secretary-treasurer.

B. This account will be established in such a way as to require two signatures for issuance of checks.

C. The fund will pay for correspondence specific to official business of the general membership; expenses incurred as part of U.E.A. meeting, including but not limited to various

7 coaches awards; and expenses incurred at the state championship tournaments, reimbursed by the UHSAA.

D. Supplemental materials will be made available for an additional fee.

E. The State Forensic Representative shall be empowered to contract ordinary expenditure of the Association subject to the approval of the Board of Directors. Ordinary expenditure shall include the expense of trophies, stationary, postage, telephone calls, travel and lodging costs, extra secretarial services, in-service workshops, other expenses necessary to carry on the work of the Association, and the costs incurred at tournaments sponsored by the Association.

F. Extraordinary expenditure for the Association must be authorized by a majority vote of the Board of Directors.

Article VI- Officers

Section 1. The main body of officers within the Utah Forensics Association shall be known as the Board of Directors.

A. The Board of Directors shall consist of a Chairman of the Board who is the Utah high School Speech Arts Association State Forensic Representative to the Utah High School Activities Association, a secretary-treasurer, and Classification Representatives. The Forensic Representative may appoint: a Director of Tournaments, a Director of Internal Communications, and a Director of Education.

B. The term of the Forensics Representative shall be two years with an opportunity to be re- elected at least once but in no case serve more than two consecutive terms.

C. The term of the secretary-treasurer shall be three years.

D. The terms of the Directors of Tournaments, Communication, and Education shall be two years with an opportunity to be re-appointed at least once but in no case serve more than two consecutive terms.

E. Region Representatives will be chosen by the regions for one year.

F. Classification Representatives will be elected each year.

Section 2. Elections shall be held as follows.

A. The Chairman shall be elected every other year by a majority vote of the members of the Association in attendance of the Association's annual spring meeting. Only one vote per school will be allowed in such elections.

8 B. Classification Reps shall be elected every year by a majority vote of the members of the Association in attendance of the Association’s meetings. Only one vote per school will be allowed in such elections. If not elected, they may be appointed by the Chairman of the Board.

Section 3. The Duties of the Chairman.

A. Be directly accountable to all coaches and directors of forensics in matters of association policies and operation.

B. Act as a liaison between the Association and the UHSAA on matters concerning forensics.

C. Attend all Board Meetings.

D. Conduct U.E.A. business meetings.

E. Organize and conduct the spring forensics business meeting.

G. Make sure all coaches receive debate topics.

H. Attend all meetings of the UHSAA as requested as a voting member.

I. Present to the standing committee for speech and drama of the UHSAA such requests for the changes in the forensic program as have been outlined by forensic coaches.

J. Serve as chair of the State Ethics Committee.

K. Assist Directors/Classification Reps in the execution of their offices.

L. Organize and conduct regular Board Meetings as necessary to address concerns of the association.

M. Provide for an orderly transition of a successor.

N. Serve as a member of the National Topic Selection Committee of the National Federation of High School Activities.

1. Attend the annual meetings held by the National Topic Selection Committee as a representative from the State of Utah with the intentions of serving the best interests of the coaches in the State of Utah.

2. Distribute and collect a ballot from schools in the state to determine the topic area for debate each year.

3. Tabulate and return the findings to the National Topic Selection Committee.

9 Section 4. The Duties of the Director of Education. (or Representative, if none is appointed)

A. Coordinate and conduct the annual speech clinic.

B. Conduct annual training sessions for all coaches new to forensics at the annual speech clinic.

C. Serve as a mentor to new coaches.

Section 5. Duties of the Director of Tournaments. (or Representative, if none is appointed)

A. Be responsible for the Utah Speech Arts Classic and the State forensic tournaments, appointing committees as necessary to assist in the preparation and running of the tournaments, in accordance with all rules and regulations agreed upon by the UHSAA.

B. Provide the required UHSAA form such that Region Representatives can fulfill their responsibility to submit region tournament results to the UHSAA and the Director of Tournaments.

Section 6. Duties of Internal Communications. (or Representative if none is appointed)

A. Be knowledgeable of Association and UHSAA rules and regulations.

B. Provide answers to coaches’ questions dealing with procedure, guidelines, rules and deadlines pertaining to Association matters.

Section 7 The State Forensics Representative shall appoint a Secretary-Treasurer at the outset of his or her term to assist in all record keeping and financial functions of the association.

A. The secretary-treasurer will meet the following qualifications. 1 Be an active high school speech/debate coach in the State of Utah. 2. Have a background in the rules of grammar and punctuation. 3. Have an ability to work with staff and students of the member schools in a pleasant and efficient manner. 4. Have an ability to handle monies collected for the Association. 5. Have no family relationship to any Executive Committee member.

B. The Secretary-Treasurer shall have the following duties and responsibilities. 1. Be directly accountable to the President of the Association. 2. Balance and record all monies received and disbursed by the Association. 3. Assist in the preparation of Association communications. 4 Attend Board meetings in order to assist the president. 5. Record minutes from the Board meetings. 6. Collect and disburse all monies of the Association functions. 7. Make reports to the Board on the financial status of the Association.

10 Section 8. If a member of the Board resigns her/his position before the expiration of her/his term of office, it shall become the duty of the Chairman to appoint another qualified person to fill the resignee’s office.

Section 9. All matters of Association policy shall be determined by the Board of Directors.

Article VII – Region Representatives

Section 1. Region Representatives should have the following qualifications. A. Be active paid members of the Utah Forensics Association.

B. Be active high school coaches in forensics.

Section 2. Elections shall be held in the following manner. A. The coaches for each region will elect a representative for forensics.

B. Elections must be held on or before the annual U.E.A. meeting.

Section 3. The duties and responsibilities of the region representatives. A. Attend the meetings of the State Forensic Council.

B. Serve as liaison between the Classification Reps and the coaches they represent.

C. Assist in organizing and conducting the Utah Speech Arts Classic and his/her respective State tournament.

D. Serve as a member of his/her respective state ethics committee.

E. Organize and conduct the region tournament.

F. Submit region tournament results to the UHSAA and the State Forensic Representative.

Section 4. The term of office of the region representatives shall be one year from the annual U.E.A. meetings to the U.E.A. meeting of the following year.

Article VIII – The State Forensic Council

Section 1. There shall be a State Forensic council to serve as a policy advisory committee to the Board of Directors of the Utah Forensics Association. This council shall consist of the Chairman of the Board, the Classification Reps, and a region representative from each region.

11 Section 2. The State Forensics Council shall be conducted by the State Forensics Representative/ Chairman of the Board.

Section 3. Only active high school debate or forensics coaches may be elected to serve on the State Forensics Council.

Section 4. The State Forensic Council shall meet as often as necessary to propose policy changes which will improve the quality of state forensic activities and to establish guidelines for all future state forensic activities.

Section 5. All region representatives shall compose the state forensic ethics committee which is the body that oversees rules of ethical conduct in tournament procedures and tournament etiquette.

Article IX – Meetings

Section 1. The Association Board shall meet annually in October to establish a calendar of business meetings for the reminder of the year. This initial meeting shall take place as soon as possible after the annual election of officers has taken place during the annual U.E.A. meeting.

Section 2. Other unspecified meetings of the Board shall be called by the Chairman or at the request of any three region representatives.

Section 3. It is the responsibility of each Board member to attend meetings unless otherwise excused by the Chairman. Notification of absence should be given to the Chairman.

Section 4. In the event a region representative cannot attend a State Forensic Council meeting, he/she must select an alternate representative to attend in his/her place.

Article X – Amendments

Section 1. The constitution may be amended, provided that at leas two weeks notice of the proposed amendment has been given to all members by delivery to their homes or schools. The constitution may be amended in the following ways. A. A two-thirds vote of the membership at a mass meeting. B. A written ballot by mail which grants a two-third vote. C. A majority vote of the Board of Directors followed by a majority vote of the Membership.

Section 3. Only the Board of Directors or a forensic mass meeting, with a two-week notice to all members, may amend Association by-laws.

Section 4. Any major proposal changes to this constitution or its by-laws will require a one year trial period before a final vote may be taken.

Section 5. Any changes to region or state tournament rules are subject to approval by the UHSAA.

12 Utah Forensics Association By-Laws

Article I – Sanctions

Section 1. Major invitational tournaments are those tournaments which include more than four schools, any of which is outside of the host region or school district. Any other tournaments constitute what are referred to as practice tournaments.

Section 2. No school, organization, group, institution, college or university shall sponsor a major invitational tournament unless said tournament has received official sanction from the Utah High School Activities Association (UHSAA) or the National Federation of State High School Association (NFSHSA).

Section 3. No school, organization, group, institution, college or university shall sponsor a major invitational unless said tournament follows expressly the rules adopted by the UHSAA for all events as set down in this handbook.

Section 4. If there is to be any deviation from the rules as set down in this handbook and adopted by the UHSAA, the host of such tournament shall contact the Utah Forensic Association Representative, who shall bring the alterations before the Committee for approval.

Section 5. Approval for such changes as described in section 4, above, should only be made if such changes are educationally sound and will serve as an instrument of improving the functioning of the tournament. Such changes may not violate the guidelines set forth in section 7, below.

Section 6. Any school, organization, group, institution, college or university which deviates from the established rules as set down in this handbook without prior approval of the UFA shall not be sanctioned in the future.

Section 7. Major invitational tournaments are approved for member participation provided that they do not violate sections 2-6 above, and:

A. Are educationally sound, worthy, and timely.

B. Are a contribution to the educational, civic, social, or ethical developments of the student involved.

C. Are beneficial and not obtainable within the regular school program.

D. Are not so lengthy as to impair the curricular achievement of the students involved.

E. Do not require special qualifications of race, gender, creed, or national origin.

F. Do not exploit the individual or school for commercial purposes.

13 G. Do not require extensive coaching and preparation of a few students at the expense of many.

H. Do not place excessive time demand upon teachers.

I. Do not require teachers to act as sole or final judges of their own students in a non-school sponsored activity.

J. Are sponsored or cosponsored by organizations engaged in acceptable enterprises.

K. Are under good management with evidence of good planning.

L. Are not sponsored primarily for entertainment purposes.

Section 8. The maximum penalty for violation of any of the preceding criteria will be withdrawal of future sanctioning by the UHSAA. Lesser penalties may be assigned by the UFA.

Article II - Fees

Section 1. It is understandable that certain fees must be obtained to sponsor major invitational tournaments to cover certain costs including: rental costs, building maintenance fees, lunch and personnel expenses and the regular costs for supplies and materials; however, registration fees should be within the scope of operation costs and not excessive.

A. An individual participant fee may not exceed $2.50 per day.

B. A school fee may not exceed $10.00 per day.

C. Every tournament host must have available a financial disclosure for review by the Representative.

Section 2. Any school, organization, group, institution, college or university which charges excessive entrance or registration fees to exploit the participants of the UHSAA or to make personal gain will be held in violation of the sanctions policy and the matter will be taken by the UFA Chairman to the UHSAA to secure their future disapproval of the tournament in question.

14 Article III - Breach of Contract

Section 1. The official registration form for a major invitational tournament shall be deemed as a contract between the host of the tournament and the school signing it.

Section 2. Once the official registration form has been returned to the tournament host, the agreement will remain binding as to all participants, fees and judges inclusively.

Section 3. Any school, which violates any part of the agreement, will be held in contempt and will be fined $25 for each breach plus the cost initially agreed upon in the contract.

Section 4. A school may contact the host of the tournament not less than 48 hour prior to the starting time of the tournament and make necessary changes. Such a contact will modify the agreement without penalty.

Section 5. In the event that an emergency situation occurs after the 48 hour deadline, the school with the problem may contact the tournament director and be granted a variance from the terms of the agreement and/or waiver of any fine. Such variance is at the sole discretion of the tournament director.

Section 6. Schools which violate all or any part of the agreement will be held in contempt and be required to pay the necessary registration fees plus a $25.00 fine per infraction or be prohibited from attending any future invitational meets sanctioned by the UFA for the remainder of the season.

Section 7. All registration forms will spell out precisely the number of judges and the registration fees required.

Article IV – Recording

Section 1. It is illegal to record any event on any medium at any tournament. A tournament host may permit exceptions for a coach to discreetly tape his/her own students. This recording must not interfere with the tournament in any way.

Section 2. Schools, which are found guilty of recording, will be fined $25.00 and guilty parties shall lose their rights to participate in activities sanctioned by the UFA.

15 Utah Forensics Association

Region Tournaments

Article I – Guidelines

Section 1. It is the responsibility of each region representative to conduct the region forensics program.

Section 2. In matters of policy which involve appeals, the region representative should bring all unsettled matters to the region principles. If there is still a question, then it should go to the Speech Arts board.

Section 3. The region representative should be in charge of seeing that each region has a place to host the region tournament, and that all necessary schedules and judges are secure.

Section 4. Region representative should be defined as to their procedure for selecting members to the state tournament before the meet begins. Each school shall send to the state tournament the allotment as prescribed in the current edition of the UHSAA handbook.

Section 5. Region representative should make sure that each coach in his/her region has a complete set of established guidelines, times and location for the meet and thorough understanding for judges’ qualification well in advance of the starting time of the meet.

Section 6. Participants in the region meet should adhere to all those qualifications regarding student participation in activities as outlined in article III of the UFA Constitution.

Section 7. Participants nominated by their region to participate in state forensic meets shall not be so nominated unless they have actually participated and qualified through the region meet.

Section 8. Region representatives should send a complete list of the qualifiers of the State tournament to the UHSAA and the forensic representative no later than the date specified by the UHSAA.

Section 9. The results of an event should not be made public until the event is completed. It is unethical for coaches or any one else to divulge the results of a round until the entire event is completed at a region meet.

Section 10. The region tournament should follow exclusively the rules for each event including the timing and eligibility of all materials to be used in speech areas. Rules regarding events can be found in this handbook.

Section 11. Certificates will be awarded to schools or participants for ratings of superior, excellent and good. A region trophy will be presented to the school which accumulates the highest number of points at the region meet.

Section 12. No recording of any kind should be permitted in the region meet.

16 Section 13. The number of participants qualifying from each region to state meets shall be as prescribed in the current edition of the UHSAA Handbook.

Article II – Region Meets

Section 1 The maximum number of entries to the state forensic tournament for 1A and 2A schools is 18. The allocation may not exceed 3 Lincoln-Douglas debaters, 3 student congress participants, 3 original oratory participants, 3 impromptu speaking participants, 3 extemporaneous speaking participants and three spontaneous argumentation debaters.

Section 2 In 4A and 5A regions, no school may qualify more than 23 participants for the state forensic tournament. The allocation may not exceed 3 policy teams, 3 Lincoln-Douglas debaters, 2 student congress participants, 2 original oratory participants, 2 impromptu speaking participants, 2 public forum teams, 2 national extemporaneous speaking participants and 2 foreign extemporaneous speaking participants. The only exception is when a school uses the replacement rule.

In 3A, no school may qualify more than 23 participants for the state forensic tournament. The allocation may not exceed 3 policy teams, 3 Lincoln-Douglas debaters, 2 public forum teams, 2 student congress participants, 2 original oratory participants, 2 impromptu speakers, 2 Spar participants, and 2 extemp participants. The only exception is when a school uses the replacement rule.

Section 3 In 3A, 4A, and 5A regions, all schools in the region shall be rank ordered based upon sweepstakes points at the region tournament. The top 50% will qualify a full slate. Regions with an uneven number should round up to determine the top 50%. These schools should list alternates in each event. Alternates will be allowed to compete only in the events they entered at region meet. All individuals or policy debated teams finishing in the top five or top 25% (whichever is greater) in their event at the region tournament will qualify for the state meet, unless the school exceeds the limitations set forth in section 2, above.

State Tournaments

Article I – General Instructions

Section 1. Any student participating in the State Tournament must have qualified through his or her regional meet.

Section 2. No student may participate in more than one event at the 3-A, 4-A, or 5-A State Tournament.

Section 3. Any participant at the State Forensic Tournament who misses a round or session of an event shall be disqualified.

Section 4. Any student who knowingly allows himself or herself to be judged by any of the following individuals at any of the State Tournaments shall be disqualified and shall lose all sweepstakes points:

A. Any judge judging for his or her school.

B. Any alumnus from his or her school.

C. Any student teacher assigned to his/her school.

D. Any adult who has worked with his/her school.

E. Any person who may be construed to have a bias for a participant.

Section 5. All judges must be high school graduated and whenever possible, have some knowledge of debate or forensics events.

Section 6. All judges and participants should be assigned a code, which will determine conflicts of interest. In no way, however, should a participant be identified according to his or her school. All code letters should be kept unidentified throughout the State Tournament.

Section 7. All alternates participating in the state tournament must be cleared through the state forensic representative before the State Tournament begins.

Section 8. Schools who drop contestants on the day of the state tournament without due cause will be fined $25 for each participant dropped.

Section 9. Only UFA approved ballots may be used at state tournaments.

18 Section 10. Observers will be permitted in all rounds of all events, the only exception is that a Lincoln- Douglas contestant and Public Forum teams in the B Panel cannot observe the A panel. Contestants have the right to limit observers. Violators will forfeit that round. Any observer disrupting a round will be ejected for the round and their affiliated contestants may be disqualified.

Section 11. No taping of any rounds is permissible in the State Forensic Tournament with the exception of the final debate rounds.

Section 12. Certificates will be awarded to the schools or students for ratings of superior, excellent or good. A trophy will be presented to the schools in each division of the Utah State Tournaments for first and second place.

Section 13. Points are to be scored as follows for the State Forensic Tournament:

Rating CX and PF Debate Other Events

Superior 10 5

Excellent 6 3

Good 2 1

Fair 0 0

Section 14 No instructors, other than members of the State Tournament Committee and region representatives will be permitted to enter to enter the rooms where State Tournament ballots are being tabulated. Ballots will be sorted in a separate room and coaches will be allowed to review them at a specified time.

Section 15. Time limits for events in the State Forensic Tournaments shall be strictly enforced.

Section 16. Contestants in each event must be in their assigned room and the round must begin within 15 minutes of the posted beginning time. A team or individual who fails to comply will forfeit that round and lose sweepstakes points.

Section 17. Schools who fail to supply their allotted judges will be fined $25.00 per judge.

A. Schools are required to bring the following judges:

a. 1 judge for 1 to 2 debate teams

b. 2 judges for 3 debate teams

19 c. 1 judge for 1 to 4 I.E. contestants

d. 2 judges for 5 to 8 I.E. contestants

e. 1 judge for 1 to 3 L.D. contestants

f. 1 judge for 1 to 2 Public Forum teams

B. Each judge must be available for assignments one round beyond the elimination of all students from that school. All judges must be available for all rounds held prior to the awards assembly. Each school must have one L.D. judge, one Public Forum and one Policy judge with entries in L.D., Public Forum or Policy available for elimination rounds. Failure to abide these rules will result in a penalty fine of $25.00.

C. Region Reps are responsible for securing congress judges.

Section 18. The Replacement Rule: For schools that qualify a full slate to the state tournament; if a school qualifies more than the rules allow in a particular event the coach may choose to bring the extra qualifier and drop an entry in a different event. Two individuals must be replaced in order to bring a fourth qualifying policy team or a third qualifying public forum team. No more than three entries in individual events and public forum and four entries in policy and LD will be allowed. The total team number may not exceed 23 for 3A, 4A, and 5A, and 18 for 1A and 2A.

Article II

The State Forensics Tournament

Sweepstakes Points

Section 1. Sweepstakes results for the 3-A, 4-A, and 5-A State Forensic Tournaments shall be calculated using the following formula.

A. All contestants (including those disqualified, drops, no shows, etc.) in each event shall be ranked in order of finish. The event shall then be divided into equal quartiles. When quartiles do no break cleanly, adjustment will be made in the direction that least skews the quartile. For example, if 10 superiors are needed, and the choice is between 9 superiors or 17 superiors, 9 will be used since it more closely approximates the quartile. If the number is the same regardless of direction, the greater number will be used. The first quarter shall be “Superior,” the second quarter shall be “Excellent,” the third quarter shall be “Good,” and the final quarter shall be” Fair.”

B. Points shall be assigned as outlined in Article I, Section II.

C. Rankings in all Individual Events shall be based on ranks in preliminary rounds. Ranking in CX and PF Debate and Lincoln-Douglas shall be based on win-loss records in preliminary rounds. Ties will not be broken, except for first place team.

20 Article III – The State Forensic Tournament

3-A, 4-A, and 5-A

CX and PF Debate and Lincoln-Douglas Debate

Section 1. The Debate Resolution used at the State Tournament shall be the resolution settled upon by the member schools of the UFA in their annual vote. The Lincoln-Douglas resolution used at the State Tournaments shall be the resolution designated by the National Forensic League for the month of March. The Public Forum resolution shall be that designated by the National Forensic League for the month of March.

Section 2. The maximum number of entries for 3-A, 4-A, and 5-A school is three (3) policy debate teams, three (3) contestants in Lincoln-Douglas, and 2 Public Forum teams, unless using the replacement rule.

Section 3 All Debate teams, Public Forum teams, and Lincoln-Douglas contestants will be identified by numbers in such a way as to conceal the schools they represent.

A. Teams and contestants should in no way reveal their school identities to the judges or any other personnel throughout the State Forensics Tournament.

B. Teams and contestants should use both their first and last names for balloting purposes.

C. An Official listing of teams and contestants and their school will be provided after the completion of the State Forensic Tournament.

Section 4. Win-loss Records of teams or contestants will not be made available nor made public during the state forensics tournament; however these records will be provided upon the completion of the state forensics tournament.

Section 5. Substitutions of participants after the State Forensics Tournament has begun is illegal. Violators will be disqualified.

Section 6. Policy Debate teams, Public Forum Teams, and Lincoln-Douglas contestants must debate against the teams they are scheduled to meet and they must debate on the side of which they are scheduled. All rounds must be fully complete in order to count for sweepstakes.

Section 7. Judges in the Policy debate, Public Forum, and Lincoln-Douglas rounds must adhere to the following requirements in order to receive payment from the State Forensic Tournament.

A. Return ballots to the tabulation room within 15 minutes of the end of the round.

B. Never ask the teams which school represent.

C. Mark the speaker points on the ballot

21 D. Never reveal their decisions to anyone

E. Confine all of their comments to the ballots and make no oral critiques.

F. Judges no team twice during the five preliminary rounds.

Section 8 Pairing preliminary debate and Lincoln-Douglas rounds for the 3-A, 4-A, and 5-A State Forensic Tournament shall be as follows:

A. Each team shall debate one team each from the other Regions

B. No team shall meet two teams from the same Region in the first two rounds, whenever possible.

C. No school will debate the same school twice in the first two rounds, except when a region with more teams must meet a region with fewer teams.

D. No school shall debate a team from its own school.

Section 9 Pairing rounds III and IV and V for debate and Lincoln-Douglas for 3-A, 4-A, and 5-A States Forensic Tournaments shall be as follows:

A. In rounds III IV and V, all measures will be used to guarantee each team or contestant a fair number of affirmative and negative rounds.

B. Round III shall be power matched (based on results form the first two rounds), high- low, by placing teams or contestants with the highest speaker points shall meet the team with the lowest points and the same win-loss record.

C. Round IV shall be power matched (based on results of the first 3 rounds), high-low, teams or contestants with identical win-loss records will meet, and the contestants with the highest speaker points shall meet the team or contestants with the lowest speaker points.

D. Round V shall be power matched (based on results of the first 4 rounds), high-low, teams or contestants with identical win-loss records will meet, and the contestants with the highest speaker points shall meet the team or contestants with the lowest speaker points.

E. These brackets will be broken if:

a. A team or contestant is scheduled to meet another from its own school.

b. A team or contestant meets a team, which it has met previously in the preliminary rounds.

22 F. When brackets are broken the next logical bracket shall be pulled up to fit the pairing from the middle of the lower bracket.

Section 10 Final Rounds for Debate and Lincoln-Douglas in the 3-A, 4-A, and 5-A State Forensic Tournaments shall be paired as follow:

A. Teams or contestants from this point shall be ranked 1 through 8. Rank first on the basis of win-loss record and second on the basis of speaker points. These teams will be bracketed according to the following schematic.

B. Team 1 shall be paired against team 8. Team 2 will be paired against team 7, and so on, setting up a quarterfinal bracket.

C. Winners of the quarterfinal rounds will debate each other in a semi-final round, following the quarterfinal bracketing, regardless of preliminary records. Semi-final winners will debate in a final round.

D. A panel of at least three judges shall be used in these rounds and they will receive additional payment.

E. Teams choosing not to debate elimination rounds are ineligible for state tournament awards.

F. A first place will be awarded to the winner of the final round. The loser of the final round will be awarded second place. Both semi-final round losers will receive a third place award.

23 Student Congress

(3A, 4A, 5A State Tournament)

Section 1 There shall be one house of student congress at the 3A, 4A, and 5A tournaments.

Section 2 No school may bring more than two representatives to state student congress tournament, unless using the replacement rule.

Section 3. Schools participating in student congress at the state tournament may submit two pieces of legislation to the state tournament director.

A. All legislation must be submitted to the region representative prior to the tournament or such legislation will not be debated. Legislation will be assigned a random order at the pairing meeting by the tournament director. Legislation must pass approval of the state tournament director.

B. Each school must bring 35 copies of each piece of legislation to the tournament.

C. Additional pieces of legislation can be considered by the State Student Congress under the following conditions:

1. All resolutions sent in prior to the tournament and distributed have been considered.

2. Agenda precedence is given to the schools having met the original deadline.

3. Copies of the legislation are available for all members of the house.

Section 4 The operation of the State Student Congress shall be as follows:

A. The Tournament Director of each state tournament shall appoint an adult supervisor for each house.

B. The schedule of the State Student Congress shall be arranged to provide each house with two, two and a half-hour sessions of debate.

C. Student Congress shall follow NFL rules.

D. In each house, the legislators shall elect student presiding officers who preside for one hour each. At the end of both sessions, the members shall elect the best presiding officer, by secret ballot.

E. Each bill or resolution shall be introduced by its sponsor or his/her delegate in a three- minute speech followed by two minutes of questioning from the legislators. Thereafter the presiding officer shall recognize for an affirmative or negative speech any legislator who

24 requests the floor by standing and addressing the presiding officer. Speeches will alternate affirmative and negative. Each speech shall be limited to three minutes, with no questioning during the speech. A speaker’s remaining time may be used for questions. Written signed amendments shall be sent to the presiding officer, who decides whether or not they are in order. One offering on amendment must then gain recognition to have his/her amendment read and a one-third second to have it discussed.

F. Each speaker shall be limited to 5 speeches for the day. Serving as chair counts as one speech.

G. At the close of the student congress, the scorekeeper shall rank the senators in the session (including the presiding officers) 1 through 15 according to their legislative excellence, which includes informative and persuasive speaking.

H. To determine sweepstakes points, the points of all scorekeeper shall be totaled; and then the top ¼ shall be rated superior, the next ¼ excellent, the next ¼ good, and the remainder for (in other words the next ¼) fair.

Individual Events

(3A, 4A, 5A State Tournament)

Section 1 No school may enter more than two participants in any one individual event of the state tournament, unless using the participant replacement rule.

Section 2 The following categories shall be used in all state forensic tournaments.

A. Original Oratory

B. Impromptu Speaking

C. National Extemporaneous Speaking*

D. International Extemporaneous Speaking*

E. At the 3A tournament, extemporaneous will be combined and there will be Spar.

Section 3 Schools participating in the State Tournament will bring the following number of judges:

1 to 4 participants – 1 judge

5 to 8 participants – 2 judges

25 Section 4 There shall be four preliminary rounds for each individual event.

Section 5 Pairing should meet the following objectives.

A. There should be at least four students in a section. More that this number will usually be scheduled to allow for drops.

B. There may be no more than seven students in a section

C. No more than three contestants from the same Region should ever be in the same section.

D. No contestant must meet any other contestant more than necessary. How often is “necessary” depends upon the number of rounds in the tournament and the number of sections.

E. Subsection A, B, C, and D are in order of importance.

F. The student’s speaking order should vary from round to round.

G. No student should be judged by the same person more than once in prelims.

Section 6 The following preliminary steps should be followed.

A. Each region should be given a letter or number for identification purposes.

B. All individual events contestants will be identified by numbers in such a way as to conceal the schools they represent.

a. Each individual event should be assigned a number such as 100, 200, 300, 400, 587, etc.

b. Contestants within each event have been assigned consecutive numbers starting with 101, 102, etc. The final number will indicate total number of contestants in that event. If the numbers has been previously assigned, check for irregularities. Irregularities may be dues to “drops” and should be determined to be intentional.

c. Determine the number of sections consistent with the objective of no more than seven contestants per section and at least four in each section.

d. The tournament director will provide room numbers for each section of each individual event.

Section 7 When recording results, place the ranks, ratings and school of each speaker on a chart listing each contestant’s code and school. No rank shall be recorded lower than 5.

26 Section 8 Final rounds at the state tournaments will be determined in the following manner.

A. The best 6 participants shall advance to the final round.

B. These students shall be selected from the lowest total ranks of all judges used in the preliminary rounds.

C. Ties for the final round shall be broken in the following manner:

1. First, use ratings

2. Consider the contestant with the greatest number of first place rankings

3. Drop high and low rankings

D. Determine speaker position, rank order the six final contestants based upon total accumulated ranks from the preliminary rounds. Speaker position shall be determined based upon the following formula:

i. 6th speaker with the highest accumulated rank.

ii. 5th speaker with the fifth lowest accumulated rank.

iii. 4th speaker with the fourth lowest accumulated rank

iv. 3rd speaker with the third lowest accumulated rank

v. 2nd speaker with the second lowest accumulated rank

vi. 1st speaker with the lowest accumulated rank.

E. Three-judge panels shall be used in all final rounds.

F. Final round results will be based upon all preliminary round scores plus each of the three final round ballots, except in original oratory, which will be sudden death.

G. Ties in the final round shall be broken according to the final criteria in rank order.

1. Lowest cumulative score from the final round judges.

2. Ratings in the final round.

3. Judge’s preference in the final round.

4. Use of preliminary scores as noted in section 8c.

Article IV – The State Forensic Tournament

Lincoln-Douglas Debate and SPAR

Section 1 The State Forensic Tournament for 1A/2A schools shall be executed separately from the 3- A, 4-A, 5-A State Forensic Tournaments. 1A and 2A schools will compete at the same site but in separate tournaments. The general rules for the 3A, 4A, and 5A tournaments shall be followed except as noted in this article.

Section 2 The Lincoln-Douglas Resolution used at the 1A/2A State Forensics Tournament will be the resolution designated by the National Forensic League for the months of March.

Section 3 The preliminary rounds of Lincoln Douglas and SPAR at the State Tournament shall meet the following requirements:

A. All rounds shall begin promptly fifteen minutes after the official postings.

B. Debaters are required to debate against the opponent they are posted to debate on the side they are posted to debate.

C. Debaters will be identified by number in such a way as not to reveal the identity of the school they represent.

a. Teams in no way should reveal the school they represent.

b. An official listing of schools and teams will be provided at the conclusion of the State Tournament.

D. Win-Loss records of schools, squads or teams will be made available upon completion of the State Tournament.

E. There will be three preliminary rounds.

a. In the first two rounds, debaters should not meet opponents from the same school.

b. Each debater shall uphold one affirmative and one negative unless that debater draws a bye.

c. No debater shall meet another school more than once unless the small number of entries and/or random drawing of byes makes this unavoidable.

28 d. In round three, each debater is an independent unit, and shall be paired and assigned sides based upon its own record.

e. Debaters shall be paired on a win/loss record and high points against low point standings on the tabulation forms until a winner is determined.

f. Debaters that have met previously should not meet again unless made necessary by the terms of paragraph E(5) above.

g. Debaters from the same school shall not be paired unless they are the only undefeated debaters remaining.

h. Advanced rounds shall be paired as follows.

i. Round III shall be paired from the recorded of rounds 1 and 2.

ii. Round IV(if needed) shall be paired form the record of all preliminary rounds.

F. Scoring shall be quartiled as in 3A-5A. see page 20.

Student Congress

(1A, 2A State Tournament)

Section 1. The state forensic tournament for 1A/2A schools shall be held separately from the State Forensic Tournament for the 3A, 4A, and 5A schools. General rules which apply to the 3A, 4A, and 5A will be followed except as noted here.

Section 2. All congress participants will be separated into houses of no more than forty.

Section 3. Congress participants shall be pre-seated according to a randomly placed seating chart as the contestants face the chair or front of the chamber. The parliamentarian will seat the participants according to the chart provided. The chart will be reversed for the second session.

Section 4. There will two, two and a half-hour sessions. A third two-hour session may be added if necessary.

Section 5. There will be an adult parliamentarian and two adult scorekeepers. Scorekeepers will change each session.

29 A. The parliamentarian is to supervise each chamber, to preside in the event a student officer becomes too deeply involved in parliamentary rules, to correct errors in procedure, and to forbid the suspension of these state rules.

B. The parliamentarian will sit near the front of the room and will time the speeches.

C. The parliamentarian will mark the speaking order or verify that someone who desires to speak or has not spoken before or who has fewer speeches has precedence over someone who has spoken or has spoken more often.

D. The scorekeeper will mark a chart in the same manner and will mark the ballots with rankings and ratings.

Section 6. All participants qualifying to the state tournament will send in one piece of legislation to the state tournament director before the tournament. These pieces of legislation will then be calendared. The calendar will be followed through all sessions.

Section 7. Final rankings will be based upon the combined scoring of ratings and rankings from the two rounds. A subjective numbering percentage shall also be given on each ballot in order to break possible ties if ratings and rankings are equal. Total rankings shall take precedence, with ratings next. Percentage totals will break final ties.

Section 8. For final rating, the congress will be quartered with the top quartile receiving a “superior,” 2nd an “excellent,” 3rd quartile a “good,” and the bottom quartile a “fair.” If there is an odd number in the quartile, the odd competitor shall be moved up one quartile.

Individual Events

(1A/2A State Tournament)

Section 1. The state forensic tournament for the 1A/2A schools shall be held separately from that of the 3A, 4A, and 5A schools. General rules used at the 3A, 4A, and 5A tournaments will be followed except as follows.

Section 2. Competitors shall compete in three preliminary rounds and a final round for finalists.

Section 3 If the number of qualifiers makes it possible, competitors from the same school shall not be paired in the same rounds with each other in the first two rounds.

Section 4 All preliminary rounds are pre-set. If an event has more than one panel, participants should be in different panels in each round as far as possible.

Section 5. Ratings at the region tournaments are not to be considered in seed in any of the rounds at the state tournament.

30 Section 6. The final round is set with top contestants from the preliminary rounds.

Section 7. There shall be three or more judges in final round competition.

Section 8. Each competitor will receive a different speaking position each round, if possible.

Section 9. In the final rounds there shall be panels of four to seven contestants each.

Section 10. In the final round, previous speaking total rankings will indicate placement as follows:

6th speaker with the highest accumulated rank.

5th speaker with the fifth lowest accumulated rank.

4th speaker with the forth lowest accumulated rank.

3rd speaker with the third lowest accumulated rank

2nd speaker with the second lowest accumulated rank

1st speaker with the lowest accumulated rank.

Section 11 Contests shall be ranked 1,2,3,4,5,5,5

Section 12 Final awards are based upon the total cumulative rankings first, ties broken on ratings, off all judges throughout the four rounds. If a tie still exists, high and low judge evaluations will be dropped and the scores adjusted for finalists.

Section 13. Final ratings are awarded on performance on the first three rounds by quartiling.

31 Spontaneous Argumentation

(1A/2A State Tournament)

Section 1. Schools may qualify up to three SPAR contestants each at the region tournament meets.

Section 2. Spontaneous argumentation will be conducted in the same way as Lincoln-Douglas debate described in article IV.

Section 3. Topics for Spar at the state tournament will be serious. One round will consist of social issues, one of teen issues, one of media/sports issues, and one round of political issues. A final round will contain a mixture of topics.

32 Article X – State Tournament Common Events (5A, 4A, 3A, 2A, 1A)

Extemporaneous Speaking

Section 1. Extemporaneous topics should be constructed in the following manner.

A. The forensic representative or his/her designee shall prepare a list of extemp topics. Those topics can also be selected from topics submitted by any school wishing to do so by the Monday before the state tournament. U.S. or foreign policy. Foreign or international topics deal with countries other than the United States and with U.S. foreign policy with those countries.

1. All topics must be composed of material reported in printed national news media such as, but not limited to, Newsweek, Time, U.S. News and World Report, dated no more than 90 day prior to the date of the tournament. National Federation topics may also supplement the list.

2. The topics must be written in interrogative sentence form.

B. Three extemporaneous questions, from which each contestant may choose, must be written for each round with their intended round identified and the speaker order listed. This is called the topic set. For example:

Round 1 Speaker3 a. Who are the most significant Democratic hopefuls in the next elections? b. What barriers are stopping minorities from embracing the Republican Party? c. Is the vice-presidency an invisible office?

1. A topic shall accompany each judge’s ballot.

2. All topics must be kept secret until posted in the extempore preparation Room.

C. Round one topics shall cover political issues.

D. Round two topics shall cover economic issues

33 E. Round three topics shall cover social issues.

F. Round four topics shall cover U.S. foreign relations

G. The final round shall include topics from any of the preceding areas.

H. No question shall be used more than once.

Section 2. The extempore preparation room will use the following procedure.

A. In the prep room, one table shall be designated for national topics and one table shall be designated for foreign topics. 1A/2A does not divide extemporaneous speaking into foreign and domestic divisions

B. The supervisor will place the round 1 speaker one topic set on the table, providing a copy for each contestant

C. Contestants draw at intervals of 7 minutes, beginning 30 minutes before the contest starting time. The student is limited to 7 minute speaking time.

D. After drawing topics, a contestant may not confer with anyone. The contestant may not leave the room without permission. The contestant may not use an annotated bibliography. The contestant may consult books, magazines, newspapers, and a non-annotated index.

34 Impromptu Speaking

Section 1. Impromptu topics shall be constructed in the following manner:

A. The Director of Tournaments or his/her designee should prepare a list of impromptu topics. Possible topics can be submitted by interested coaches on the Monday before the state tournament.

B. These topics should be in each of the three areas of impromptu competition: famous quotations, one-word topics, and social value questions.

C. The impromptu topics must be written with the round identified, the speaker order identified, and the three topics from which the contestant may choose, this is called the topic set. For example,

Round 2 Speaker 4 a. cage b. battery c. light

D. The impromptu topics will be distributed in the following manner.

1. The first round shall include topics of famous quotations.

2. The second round shall include only one word topics.

3. The third round shall include only topics of social value questions.

4. The fourth round and the final rounds shall each include one topic from each of the above.

E. Topics will be attached to the judges’ ballot.

F. The judge should give a topic to a set participant when that contestant’s turn to speak arrives. The contestant will have a few seconds to decide upon a topic after which he/she will have 7 minutes to divide between preparation and speaking at his/her discretion.

G. A contestant may not consult any material during preparation.

H. All topics should be collected by the judge and returned to the tabulation room with the ballots at the conclusion of each round.

35 Original Oratory

Section 1. All original oratories qualifying from the region to the state forensic tournament must be given to the region representative to hand into the UHSAA or the state forensics representative with the official registration from that region. All alternates must comply with this regulation also.

Section 2. No original oratory should be used in the state tournament that has not been filed with the UHSAA by noon on the Monday prior to the state forensics tournament.

Section 3. All original oratories shall be kept on file at the UHSAA for three years.

Section 4. If an original oratory receives a challenge after the region tournament has been completed, the challenge must be given to the state forensics representative in written form with the name or names of the persons making the challenge. The specific details of the challenge should be included.

Section 5. The original oratory shall be inspected by the Board of Directors and will render a decision as the validity of the complaint and assess any penalties. Decisions of the Board are final.

Section 6. No original oratory nor any major part of an original oratory used in competition prior to July 1 of the current season will be eligible for use in the state tournament.

Section 7. No more than ten percent or approximately 150 words may be quoted or expansively paraphrased material.

A. Any material quoted or paraphrased must be parenthetically documented. Coaches are encouraged to consult MLA fifth edition writing guide.

B. Ideas from sources may be used but must first be referenced on a “works cited” or bibliography page attached to the copy of the original oratory.

C. Information is considered “common knowledge” if it can be found in 5 different published sources. Common knowledge need not be referenced on the “works cited” page but must be available if challenged.

D. Examples used in the original oratory must have a factual basis unless they are identified as fictitious by the speaker.

36 Utah Forensics Association Ethics Article I – Purpose

In order to encourage ethical conduct in Utah High School speech activities, the Utah Forensics Association establishes rules (with appropriate disciplinary action) to regulate instances of gross violation of speech ethics, and standards of etiquette to regulate lesser forensics ethical consideration. Adherence will be required and enforced. In the case of standards of etiquette, responsible teachers are obligated to require their students’ compliance, and personal adherence represents a measure of the teacher’s own integrity.

Article II – Amendment Process

Section 1. Any member of the association may propose amendments to the rules and standards of ethical behavior.

Section 2. An Amendment will become a permanent part of the document upon winning a majority vote in any of the following actions.

A. A vote by mail sampling. B. A vote at the annual spring meeting. C. A vote at the annual U.E.A. meeting.

Article III – State Speech Ethics Committee

Section 1. The committee dealing with ethics shall be called the State Ethics Committee (SEC).

Section 2. The State Ethics Committee shall be a “last recourse” decision making body and will be consulted:

A. In the event that coaches, judges, and tournament committees are unable to satisfactory resolve a question or conflict; and

B. When enforcement of a disciplinary measure requires statewide jurisdiction.

Section 3. Decisions of the State Ethics Committee are final.

Section 4. The State Ethics Committee shall be composed of one coach per region and the Sate Forensic Representative. The Forensics Representative will serve as chair.

Section 5. The SEC will hold a meeting at least once a year. If only one meeting is held during a year, such meetings will be held in October. The meeting will be called by the chair.

37 Section 6. The SEC shall be empowered to enforce the rules outlined in the foregoing sections by:

A. Cautioning against abuses that are observed. B. Officially censuring those guilty of abuse(s). C. Disqualifying violators. D. Setting conditions on future participation upon violators. E. Disqualifying judges.

Section 7. The SEC will report for review its decisions, as recorded by a secretary from among the committee members, to the Utah Forensics Association at the UEA meeting.

Section 8. The SEC will serve as the tournament ethics committee at the annual Speech Art Classic.

Article V Rules and Guidelines for Forensics Students

Section 1. Accepted rules of behavior for forensic students are as follows.

A. Students are responsible to the follow the tournament agenda. Debaters must be to their round on time. A leeway of 15 minutes will be given after the scheduled beginning of each round. Those participants who are absent after that period of time, wherein the judge(s) and opponent(s) are present, will be given a forfeit unless tournament officials certify an excusable delay from previous rounds.

B. Vandalism will not be tolerated. Any student causing damage to the host school or removing any object with the intent to steal will cause his/her school to be fined $100 by the UFA. Such school will also be required to repair any damage caused prior to participation in any UHSAA sanctioned tournament. The SEC will be the deciding authority in seeing that enough evidence is collected and that the penalty is carried out to the satisfaction of the Association.

C. Teams may not be judged by representatives or agents of their own school. Under no circumstances should a contestant allow themselves to be judged by a member or alumnus of their own school. Any such mistakes in judge assignment should be reported immediately to the tournament committee so that judgment can be made. Any team or contestant violating this rule will forfeit the round and may be disqualified from the tournament.

D. Theft of evidence or material will not be tolerated. Any student who removes another student’s evidence or material for the purpose of perjuring, copying, destroying or keeping without the permission of the owner shall be disqualified from he tournament, and could be disqualified from any or all further tournaments by the Sate Ethic Committee. The school of the person in violation shall be responsible to recover all

38 materials and return them to make restitution before being allowed to participate in U.H.S.A.A. sponsored speech activities.

E. No student consultation with coaches or non-participants is to be allowed during a debate, while preparing for extemp, or during a legislative forum session (i.e., debaters only consult with their partners, extempers only consult their files, and legislators their wits). Violators may be disqualified in the round involved or for the entire tournament. F. No electronic equipment is to be used at a UFA, USAA, or UHSAA sponsored event. Violators may be disqualified in the round involved or for the entire tournament.

Section 2. Guidelines A. In general, it is the responsibility of the coach to set rules of behavior for students including dress, respect for property, abusive language and behavior while not competing. The following guidelines should help coaches to indicate proper behavior for tournaments.

1. Since speech is a formal activity, it is recommended that participants dress appropriately.

2. Free time should be spent in constructive activities.

3. Each coach should be aware of the whereabouts of each student at all times.

4. His or her behavior always reflects on the student body of the school and establishes attitudes towards the school.

5. Student behavior while traveling should not detract from the purposes for which you are traveling.

B. Questions regarding discrepancies in the running of a tournament should always be directed through the coach if available.

39 Article IV Rules and Guidelines for Speech Arts Coaches

Section 1. Rules

A. Coaches must return all entry forms on time.

1. Tournament director can either refuse to accept late entries; or,

2. Tournament directors can assess a monetary penalty on late entries.

B. Fees are to paid when they are due.

1. Tournament directors may refuse entry when fees are not paid on time.

2. If the fee is due on they day of the tournament, tournament directors may refuse to allow a squad to participate that arrives without its entry fee.

3. Fees due on the tournament day will be for the number of students registered from a school, not the number of students who participate if less than are registered participate.

C. Coaches are expected to bring the same number of students to the tournament that they have registered in each contest area.

1. Each entry that is dropped the day of the tournament may be subject to a $25.00 fine.

2. Coaches from schools that continually have excessive drops can expect to have their principal notified by the state ethics committee. Such schools may also be denied invitations to future schedules of the same tournament.

D. Coaches shall accept the responsibility for providing judges for the tournament as outlined by the tournament regulations.

1. It shall be the responsibility of the coach and not the students to provide judges with Forensics or drama background for competitions.

2. Failure to provide the required number of judges competent may result in a $50.00 fine per judge levied by the host school.

3. Coaches who bring manifestly unqualified judges may be penalized in the same manner as if they did not bring a required judge.

40 4. Schools who fail to bring the number of qualified judges may also be subject to disqualification of the school’s entries at the tournament.

5. Persistent abuse of this requirement may result in censure by the state forensics league and such abuse may be reported to the principal of the school involved. Tournament invitations may also be denied. Tournament invitations may also be denied to schools consistently at fault.

6. Coaches or a qualified adult must accompany students to all tournaments and remain on campus during the course of the tournament.

7. Coaches may not reveal the results of the preliminary rounds until after elimination rounds have been announced.

8. Coaches may not pay unqualified judges more than $20.00 per half day, or $5.00 a round, not to exceed $30.00 per day. Qualified judges may be paid $10.00 per round.

Section 2. Guidelines

A. Debate and Drama coaches and their programs are judged by their behavior as well as their win-loss records.

1. Only the coach can be effective in maintaining discipline; his or her students should be aware of what is expected of them.

2. Coaches should be aware that students emulate the coach’s actions. Coaches who cannot handle losing rounds produce students who cannot handle losing.

B. Coaches should take any criticism to the tournament director and then to the Forensics Representative.

C. Coaches should be an example to their students by showing appreciation to the host school after the tournament is completed.

D. Coaches should help students understand that errors can be made at even the best run meets.

E. Coaches should not corner a judge demanding justification for a decision.

F. Coaches should stress the importance of competition as a learning experience rather than establishing a win-loss record.

41 G. Coaches should avoid backbiting, a contagious disease students catch.

H. Coaches should not use judges from other high schools without consulting the coach from that school.

Article VII

Rules and Guidelines for Tournament Officials

Section 1. Rules

A. Each tournament must provide adequate space for the entire tournament to run effectively.

B. All pairing and posting for initial rounds should be posted before the tournament starts.

C. All elimination rounds should have three judges per panel or debate.

D. Rules for tab rooms should be followed and applied to everyone equally.

E. Final results should be made available to every coach.

F. The above rules may be enforced by the state ethics committee and censure sent to the administration or of the sponsoring school. They may also urge UHSAA to withdraw approval of the tournament in question.

Section 2. Guidelines.

A. Tournaments must be scheduled at the annual forensics spring meeting or the following year.

B. Tournament hosts should be able to provide a double entry sheet for all participating in the tournament so that one can be returned to the tournament while one is kept for the individual coach’s records.

C. The formal invitation should consist of the following information.

1. All of the events the tournament will offer.

2. The number of entries and types of divisions allowed.

3. The manner in which awards will be determined and what types of awards will be given.

4. What the rules for sweepstakes points will be.

42 5. What the fees are and how they will be assessed.

6. The number of judges required and judge qualifications.

7. An advance schedule for the tournament.

8. The place where all correspondence should be sent for processing.

9. The rules for punctuality violations.

10. Deadlines.

11. Dates and locations.

12. Posting locations.

13. Parking availability and bus locations.

14. Food availability.

D. A highly visible area should be established for registration of contestants and their coaches upon arrival.

E. Judges should have a room to wait in.

F. Every effort should be made to start opening assemblies on time.

G. All tournament hosts should allow themselves up to 30 minute grace period for starting competition to allow any last minute changes.

H. Time and places for lunch should be announced in the opening assembly.

I. Maps should be made available.

J. Tab room hospitality should be provided.

Primary Forensic Events

Definition, Purpose, and Explanation

Primary Forensic Events are those which the Executive committee of the Utah Forensic Association has sanctioned to be a part of the Utah State Forensic Tournament.

Primary Forensic Events are: Policy Debate, Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Public Forum Debate, Student Congress, Extemporaneous Speaking, Original Oratory, and Impromptu speaking. Spar has been approved as a primary event for 1A, 2A, and 3A.

The following pages have been organized to give a definition, a purpose, and explanation, and a description of a contest’s procedures and an example of a ballot used in all major invitational meets in the State of Utah. This section is not intended as an instruction manual. Coaches seeking additional information should check other sources.

44 Policy Debate

Definition

Debate is a persuasive event where opposing speakers present arguments for and against a predetermined resolution and strive to influence people to adopt or reject the proposed plan of action. Debate is essentially an intellectual pursuit, resulting in the growth of the thought process.

Purpose

The ultimate purpose of debate is to assist in the development of well-educated, broad-minded individuals who will be an asset to the democratic society in which they live. Debate should through transfer of training, be useful in every day life. Debate is good training in self-government; participants learn to evaluate the written and spoken word and arguments to which we are constantly exposed.

Some specifics of debate are:

A. To study, investigate, analyze community, state, national and world problems.

B. To gather, analyze, and test evidence used to support or refute a definite proposal.

C. To formulate logical statements and agreements to support a policy, and to detect and expose fallacies in reasoning.

D. To acquire and understand the logical organization of statements, questions, arguments, and supporting evidence.

E. To listen to others and to adapt statements appropriately to the trend of the discussion.

F. To gain the attention and hold the interest of members of an audience and to communicate ideas effectively to them.

45 Explanation and procedure

The debate is divided into two sessions. The first four speeches, constructive speeches, last 8 minutes and are followed by a 3-minute cross-examination. They alternate as follows:

First Affirmative Constructive First Negative Constructive Second Affirmative Constructive Second Negative Constructive

The second part of the debate, the rebuttal speeches last 5 minutes each and alternate:

First Negative Rebuttal

First Affirmative Rebuttal

Second Negative Rebuttal

Second Affirmative Rebuttal

Each team is given a total of 5 minutes preparation time for use in between speeches which debaters may use as they choose.

The affirmative has the burden of proof in that they must support an assigned resolution through a case and plan which serve as an example.

The negative team must clash through any of several approaches, including but not limited to: direct clash, plan meet need or advantage, disadvantages, counter plans, or any combination of debating paradigms.

Complete examination of debate is impossible to summarize in a few paragraphs for this manual. It is recommended that a coach or student seriously wishing to understand this event consult a debate textbook or attend one of any number if summer workshops offered on this subject.

46 Lincoln-Douglas Debate

Definition

Lincoln Douglas debate is an event in which a student competes against another student to discuss affirmative and negative arguments in a question of value.

Purpose

The Lincoln-Douglas debater learns value analysis, research skills, logical argumentation, political theory and philosophy, techniques for asking and answering questions, effective note taking, and oral presentation skills.

Explanation

Only two speakers are involved, one fulfilling the affirmative responsibilities and the other negative. Emphasis is placed upon the issues involved rather than upon strategy in developing the case. Because of time limits, a wealth of evidence cannot be used, but research supported by good background reading is necessary.

Lincoln-Douglas debate provides students with on opportunity to examine topics of a philosophical nature in a wide variety of areas. The Lincoln-Douglas topic during November and December appears in the October National Forensic League Rostrum. Topics for the January and February topic appear in the December Rostrum. Topics for March and April appear in the February Rostrum. Schools that are not members of NFL will receive topics from the President.

Procedure

Schedules and room assignments are to be furnished to the speaker by the tournament director.

Speaker order as follows

Affirmative Constructive 6 minutes Cross Examination by Negative 3 minutes Negative Constructive 7 minutes Cross Examination by Affirmative 3 minutes 1st Affirmative Rebuttal 4 minutes Negative Rebuttal 6 minutes 2nd Affirmative Rebuttal 3 minutes

The judge should evaluate each debate in terms of which student effectively presents and defends the better argument rather than which student happens to represent the judge’s personal

47 viewpoint. The judge’s comments should be constructive and contribute to the student’s knowledge about either or both the debate process and the topic. The judge should not reveal his or her decision as to which student won. Specific suggestions for each individual should be written on the evaluation form. The judge should award a win to the student who better defends his or her value and should assign speaker point according to speaking ability.

48 Student Congress

Definition

We may define student congress as a discussion of pertinent social problems in the manner of a congress; a mock congress to produce a workable legislation (laws or resolution) to solve problems. The mock legislature would need to function under Rober’ts Rules of Order.

Purpose

The purpose of this activity for class or contest is to help the student gain a knowledge of today’s problems, to discuss possible solutions to these problems, to learn how laws are passed in congress, to gain an appreciation for our system of democracy, to gain a knowledge of accepted rules of procedure, especially Roberts Rules of Order. Through participation the student will improve his or her ability to speak extemporaneously, to think on his or her feet, to give persuasive speeches, and to discuss permanent problems logically. The student should also learn how to write bills and resolutions.

Explanation

Parliamentary law is built upon the principle that rights of the majority, of the minority, of individuals, of absentees, and rights of all these together, must be respected. The basic principle that the decision of the majority is accepted ant he decision of the assembly has long been recognized. Yet it has been found that an assembly sometimes needs protection from items. It is upon these principles that must prevail in the minds of the students who study any order of procedure.

It must be impressed on the students’ minds that since a meeting, which lasts an hour and is attended by one hundred people actually consumes one hundred hour of time, it is of a great importance that business should be handled in an orderly and efficient manner. Any member of such group who uses this knowledge of parliamentary law to obstruct dispatch of a maximum amount of business with the expenditure of minimum effort will become boring to both students and teachers. It is nothing more than a tool for expediting business.

There are two types of legislation discussed: Bills and Resolutions. A bill is an enumeration of specific provisions which if enacted will have the force of law. It must be definite; it must state exactly what is to be done or not to be done. A penalty must be stipulated or the law will not have force. A bill does not have “whereas clauses”.

In constructing bills or resolutions, the following procedure must be used.

A. The bill or resolution must be typed.

B. The typing must be double-spaced.

49 C. The first words of a bill are “Be It Enacted”.

D. Each line of the bill or resolution must be numbered.

E. A resolution may be preceded by one or more “whereas clauses”.

F. The language of a bill must be in the imperative mood. That is, it must state exactly what is to be done and by whom.

G. A bill must deal with national issues.

Example:

In The Assembled Student Congress Lower Speed Limits (Title of legislation) B/R#______By Contestant name and high school

1. Whereas, the national highway speeding limit is 65 mph, and

2. Whereas, drivers regularly exceed this limit, and

3. Whereas, many motorists are seriously hurt or killed due to accidents caused by

4. speeding, and

5. Whereas, fewer accidents and deaths occurred when speeding limits were

6. lower, therefore

7. Be It Resolved that national highway speeding limits be set a t 55 mph.

A simple resolution is passed by one house alone. Resolutions are usually generalized statements expressing the belief of the group adopting them, and they do not have the force of law. Constitutional amendments fall into this category since they must be submitted to the states after they are passes by Congress. Resolutions may be preceded by one or more “whereas clauses” stating the principal reason for adopting resolutions, but their number should be limited.

50 Contest Procedure

This is the most difficult of the contest areas to define clearly since each Student Congress Tournament has its own special qualities. So what is given here is a recommended procedure.

Students are divided proportionally into groups of approximately 20-30 and these groups are called houses. In each house there should be an adult Parliamentarian to keep the legislative matter in order and to make crucial decisions when called upon by Student Chair or the personnel of the house. There should also be a separates scorer when possible, although the Parliamentarian may keep score if the need arises. Each house should be provided with a timer. This person may be a student who wishes to observe or another adult.

It is usual for students to set their own orders of the day, their own rules for speaking and procedure as long as these rules do not deviate from Robert’s Rules of Order. The following is an example of the Orders of the Day:

The first item of business should be to establish who will be the Presiding Officer (student chairperson) and how long he or she will preside. Having students nominate from the floor while Parliamentarian presides usually does this. Each nominee should give a one-minute candidacy speech. After the body has elected a Presiding Officer for its First Session, the regular order of business begins.

Each bill or resolution shall be introduced by its sponsor or delegate in a three minute speech. Thereafter, the Presiding Officer shall recognize for a pro or con speech any legislator who requests the floor by standing and saying, “Mr. Or Madam Chairman,” with requirement to alternate pro and con speeches unless no one wishes to speak on that side. Each speech shall be limited to a maximum of three minutes, with no questioning during the speech unless the speaker so designates. The speaker who uses only part of his or her time giving the speech may use the remainder of his or her three minutes for questions from the floor.

All amendments must be written out and brought to the Chair with a signature. The Chair decides if they are in order. An amendment sponsor must then gain recognition to have his or her amendment read and a one-third second to have it discussed.

When two-thirds of the legislators have passed one motion calling for previous questions, or when the time set for debate has expired, the Presiding Officer takes a vote on passage or failure of the bill or resolution.

Students participation in student congress should be judged on their ability to argue fairly, their logic reasoning, their knowledge of the subject being debated and their authorities and evidence used in their argumentation. All students should make an effort to participate if only to ask good, reasonable questions. A further step in judging should be the student’s attitude, his or her knowledge

51 of the rules and procedures or parliamentary actions, his or her courtesy and his cooperation. Students will he ranked 1 through 15 and also rated Superior, Excellent, Good, or Fair. Non- participation may be indicated on the ballot. The judge will conduct a secret ballot election for Best Chairperson.

Extemporaneous Speaking

Definition

Extemporaneous Speaking is an event in which a student selects a current events question and answers it in an organized speech supported by references from current material.

Purpose

Extemporaneous speaking provides the student with the opportunity to become familiar with general knowledge, current events, and prominent problems. The student will also learn to think on his or her feet, to develop a style of speech, to enunciate and pronounce words correctly, to develop a well-rounded voice, to develop confidence and poise, and to communicate with an audience.

Explanation

Topics for Extemporaneous Speaking will be limited to current events. They will deal with people, social, economic, or political events of state, national, or international significance. Each speaker will be expected to acquaint himself or herself with the contents of current news sources during the three month period preceding each tournament. Although reading is not limited to any specific magazine, Tournament Director are encouraged to use Time, and U.S. News and World Report for these topics.

The best extemporaneous speech combines clear thinking, good speaking, and interesting presentation to establish definite thought with respect to the subject. It should be an original syntheses by the speaker of current fact and opinion on the designated topic from numerous sources rather than a memory test of the material contained in any one magazine article. The contestant, therefore, should be held accountable for strict adherence to the precise statement of the topic drawn and discounted severely for shifting to some other phase of the topic on which he or she must prefer to speak.

The information presented should be well chosen, pertinent, and sufficient to support the central thought of the topic. Material should be organized according to some logical plan to produce a complete speech within the time allowed. Delivery should be judged on the mechanics of speech, poise, quality and use of voice, enunciation, fluency, body language and should be effective in enlisting and holding the interest of the audience.

Procedure

Schedules of Extemporaneous drawing times, preparation of room assignments, and speaking rooms are furnished to speakers by tournament officials.

52 A topic set containing three varied topics from current events is drawn by each contestant. The contestant selects on of the three topics for his or her speech.

Thirty minutes are allowed for preparation of the speech. The contestant may use materials which he or she has brought to the meet.

The Extemporaneous Speech should be delivered without reference to notes during the performance.

The time limit on the speech must not be more than 7 minutes.

The contestant reports to the room assigned and turns in his or her topic slip to the judge.

Judges will:

A. Rate the speaker Superior, Excellent, Good or Fair. B. Rank each speaker in the contest first, second, third, fourth, and all others fifth. C. Give constructive criticism on the ballot.

The choice of extemporaneous topics and the contestant’s number should all appear on the judge’s ballot.

53 Original Oratory

Definition

Oratory is an event in which the student writes, memorizes, and then delivers a persuasive speech arising from his or her personal feeling and convictions, or a source of irritation about some problem. No specific restriction as to the type or oration is made. It may be a eulogy, problem solution, or inspiration. Topics of the Original Oration shall be selected by each contestant with the aid of a coach or teacher. However, the oration itself must be the product of the contestant and not of his or her coach or teacher. Not more than one-tenth of the oration or 150 words may be direct quotation or a close paraphrase. The oration must be presented from memory.

Purpose

Original Oratory offers the student an opportunity to develop skills in research and writing, to analyze his or her own values and to take a stand, to develop logical proof, to memorize, to polish delivery and presentation abilities and to re-work and revise for excellence.

Explanation

The orator is expected to discuss intelligently, in an interesting manner, and with some profit to his or her audience, the topic he or she has chosen. The speaker’s major premise should be original, the result of research, analysis, evaluation, and personal experience. The oratory should be given wide latitude in the ideas he or she expresses, but held closely accountable for the manner in which the ideas are expressed.

The composition should be considered carefully for its rhetoric and diction. The use of appropriate figures of speech, similes, metaphors, balanced sentences, allusions, and other rhetorical devices to make the oration more effective should be noted especially Use of English should be more than current; it should reveal a discriminating choice of words and altogether fine literary quality. It should have some factual basis.

Delivery should be judged for mastery of the usual mechanics of speech – poise, quality, and use of voice, and body language; and for the quality of directness and sincerity which impress the oration upon the minds of audience. No particular style of delivery is to be set up as the one correct style to which all contestants must conform. Rather, each contestant is to be judged upon the effectiveness of delivery. The orator should be free to choose and develop his or her own effective style.

While oratory is perhaps the most elevated form of public speaking, it is nevertheless public speech and not interpretative drama and must be viewed accordingly. The attitude that oratory is purely an exhibition in nature, merely an opportunity for bombast with little regard for content is

54 erroneous. It is not insincere, noisy speaking. Sincere expression of feeling is essential. Freedom and naturalness are to be encouraged. Participants are not allowed to use notes and manuscripts and are not to be prompted.

Procedure

Schedules and room assignments are to be furnished speakers by Tournament Directors. The student will deliver the speech without benefit of manuscript or notes. Time limit on the speech must not be less than 7 and not more than 10 minutes.

Judges will:

A. Rank the contestants First, Second, Third, Fourth and all others Fifth.

B. Rate the speakers Superior, Excellent, Good, or Fair.

C. Give constructive criticism.

55 Impromptu Speaking

Definition

An Impromptu Speaking is a speech which a contestant makes from no previously assigned material. The contestant simply goes into a round and receives a topic on which he or she gets a total of seven minutes. Such time may be divided at the discretion of the speaker between preparation and speaking time. At the end of the preparation time, the contestant delivers a well-balanced, coherent speech using the balance of their 7 minutes.

Purpose

This type of speaking offers the participant a valuable speech experience since most real-life speaking is impromptu speaking, and most on-the-job and school situations require the average person to express views, defend ideas, and report on activities, without formal preparation – to speak on the spur of a moment. It is undoubtedly the best opportunity to teach students to think on their feet from various points of view, to develop a specific style on which to draw for future impromptu occasions, and to develop the maximum of self-confidence for future situations.

Explanation

The best Impromptu Speech combines clear thinking, good speaking, and interesting presentation to establish a definite thought in a nutshell on a specific topic. Students should learn to develop many types of organizational patterns and decide which one best fits the topic drawn. The chronological, special, topical, problem-solution orders should be considered. The contestant should always include a brief but relevant opening, a body upon which the topic rests, and a valid conclusion. A contestant who opens or closes with something irrelevant should be penalized heavily.

Whatever information is presented should be relevant, spoken with force and conviction, and be sufficient to support the central motif of the topic. Delivery in this category should be judged on the mechanics of speech, poise systematic development, appropriate ideas, and a general application to everyday life.

Topics for impromptu speakers could be one word abstracts, social question, current events, famous quotations, song titles, famous people, apparent contradictions, or the like.

Procedures

The Tournament Director should furnish schedules of impromptu rounds, speaking rooms and speaking orders to all participants.

56 Three topics are drawn. The speaker is given 7 minutes to select a topic, develop an idea, and present a well-balanced, coherent speech. No notes should be made or used in the contest room.

Judges will:

A. Rank the contestants, First, Second, Third, Fourth and all others Fifth. B. Rate the speakers Superior, Excellent, Good, or Fair. C. Give constructive criticism on the ballot. D. A student found to deliver a memorized speech or the same speech every round or students whose speeches do not match the topic drawn should be ranked last in the round.

The choice of Impromptu topic and the contestant’s number should be on the ballot.

57 Spontaneous Argumentation

Definition

Spontaneous Argumentation is a miniature form of debate in which the student competes against another student in a panel of six on a topic drawn the round.

Purpose

The purpose of spontaneous argumentation is to allow students the opportunity to form arguments and support a position on an assigned topic with a minimum amount of preparation.

Procedure

All six speakers compete. Speaker 1 will support an affirmative stand on the issue against speaker 2 who will support a negative stand on the same issue; speaker 3 will support an affirmative stand against speaker 4 who will be negative; speaker 5 will be affirmative and speaker 6 will be negative. Upon entering the room, both speakers will receive the topic and will be given one minute to prepare their position statements. The debaters use the following format:

Affirmative statement of position 2 minutes Negative statement of position 2 minutes Non-structured argumentation 3 minutes Negative summary 1 minute Affirmative summary 1 minute

Value statements will be used for each round. No win or lose will be given. Contestants will be ranked first through sixth in each panel on the following criteria:

Statement 15 points Clash 15 points

58 Support and Reasoning 10 points Courtesy 5 points Delivery 15 points

There are two methods of scoring spontaneous argumentation:

In the first, used at 1A/2A state tournament, each debate is decided on a win/loss basis and speakers are awarded speaker points.

In the second, used at the 3A state tournament and most invitationals, all speakers are ranked 1-5 and rated superior, excellent, good or fair.

59 Public Forum Debate

Definition

Public Forum debate is meant to be a persuasive event in which two teams try to convince a member of the public that their side is correct. It is not meant to solve an issue or be tied to values.

Purpose

Public Forum should expose students to current event issues and teach them to see both sides of an issue. It should also teach them to analyze what issues affect the public and why those issues are important. This event is also meant for the public, so that they could come into a round and be exposed to coherent arguments about matters of current importance.

Explanation

Topics for Public Forum are set by the National Forensic League monthly, and are limited to topics that are of current national importance. Each speaker is expected to be acquainted with a variety of issues surrounding both sides of the topic.

The focus is not on the development of argumentation, or on the “flow,” but on the persuasiveness of the arguments to the general public. Students should practice all of the rhetorical methods of persuasion, such as logos, pathos, and ethos.

This event is meant for the public, and it is strongly encouraged that all judges be lay judges.

Students should also focus on their delivery, and judged on mechanics of speech, poise, quality and use of voice, enunciation, fluency, and body language.

Procedures

Before every debate the two teams should flip a coin. The winner of the coin toss will choose whether they want to be pro or con. The other team will choose whether they want to speak first or last.

Time limits are as follows:

First 4 Min Third 4 Min Summary 2 Min Final 1 Min Speaker Speaker Focus Second 4 Min Fourth 4 Min Summary 2 Min Final 1 Min Speaker Speaker Focus Crossfire 3 Min Crossfire 3 Min Grand 3 Min Prep 2 Min (first two) (second Crossfire Time (per two) (all four) team)

60 Judges will:

A. Give each speaker points. B. Rank each speaker 1-4 C. Determine whether pro or con was most persuasive D. Give constructive criticisms on the ballot

61 Utah Forensics Association Secondary forensics Events

The proposed secondary forensics events in the state of Utah available for tournament competition are Dramatic Interpretation, Humorous Interpretation, Oratorical Declamation,. Expository Speaking, Poetry, Prose, Extemporaneous Commentary, Duo Interpretation, and Parliamentary Debate. Upon approval of the Utah Forensics Association, details for the operation of such events for tournament use will be provided for inclusion in this manual.

62 Appendix Ballots, Directory & UHSAA State Speech Tournament Guidelines

Official Ballots for Lincoln Douglas Debate and Policy Debate can be Purchased from the

Utah High School Activities Association 199 East 7200 South Midvale, Utah 84047

Phone: (801) 566-0681 Fax: (801) 566-0633

www.uhsaa.org

63 The Forensics Tournament Top Ten DO NOT List

10. Call ten times to change your registration.

9. Announce student sign-up the day the registration is due.

8. Allow students to run amuck in the host school.

7. Go the entire tournament without notifying the host that you do not have enough judges.

6. Attempt to register more students at registration (call ahead!).

5. Enter the tab room if it has been designated closed.

4. Expect the host to solve your problems.

3. Leave your students unattended. (You should be on-site the entire time)

2. Allow students to receive awards in inappropriate attire.

1. Reflect a negative attitude while addressing the host about a problem.

Add-ons:

Allow students to talk about judges at the tournament site.

Leave before awards are over.

64 The Forensics Tournament To Ten TO DO List

10. Decide which tournaments you and your team plan to attend by checking the Speech Arts schedule at the start of the year.

9. Carefully note the rules on the registration. Virtually every tournament has unique requirements on events.

8. Tell students about the tournaments in advance so that they can plan early to attend.

7. Don’t register unless you plan to attend. (Even canceled registrations count as no- shows for penalty fines.)

6. Make sure you understand the judge requirements ahead of time.

5. Plan your judges ahead of time. By planning ahead, you can provide the tournament with competent and qualified judges.

4. Finalize your entries the day before registration is due.

3. Send entries on time. Confirm with the tournament host that registration is complete.

2. Know how your school’s payment system works. That way you can play ahead and pay on time.

1. Set an example for your students. A TEAM IS A REFLECTION OF ITS COACH.

Add-ons;

Accept the ramifications for your/your students’ actions. Tell judges to come 15 minutes early and stay the whole day.