Instructor’S Notes For BIOL 101 Lab Biology And Society

1 Instructor’s Notes for BIOL 200 Lab Coral Reefs Lab and Field Survey Spring 2012

Set up for 20 students: 5 groups

Lab 01 Intro • Lab waiver form • Field trip form • Handouts • Computer and projector (speakers?) • Blue Planet Video: Coral Seas (instructor provides)

Lab 02 Classification • Computer and projector • 5 bags of nuts and bolts (various) • 5 large sheets of paper (butcher block)? • Various jars of animals (members from each phylum)-- lots • 5 dissecting trays

Lab 03 Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology

 HIMB worksheet (instructor provides)  Van  HIMB Student Waiver  Need Purchase Order: HIMB Community Education Program Fee $60 Act # RCUH 002454 email: [email protected] Phone: 235-9302 Mark Heckman Community education Program The Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology P.O. Box 1346 Kāne‘ohe, Hawai‘i 96744

Lab 04 Field Trip: Waikiki Aquarium  Waikiki Aquarium Handout (instructor provides)  Van Contact:  Waikiki Aquarium, Education Department, (808)440-9011

Lab 05 Algae, Fish & Coral ID • Field Book • Computer and projector • Coral skeletons, algae and fish samples • Powerpoint slides on algae, coral, and fish ID (instructor provides) 2 Lab 06- Reef Check PPT  reef check.ppt handouts  reef check survey 1, 2, 3  print out of fish/coral/invert/algae ID (get from ppt and laminate) Equipment  4 clip boards, pencils and elastics (Michelle)  2 quadrats (Michelle)  1-100 ft transect tape measure  2- weighted dive flags  snorkel gear (students)  camera (Michelle)  waterproof paper (12 sheets) need to have in advance for photocopying on laser printer

Lab 07 Invasive species lab  Computer and projector  Computer cart Handout List:  Invasive Species Background Info.doc  Invasive Species Concept Map Activity.doc  Zebra Mussel Graphing Exercise.doc  Zebra Mussel Student.xls

Lab 08 Plankton • CMORE Plankton kit • Computer and projector • field book • worksheet • Plankton nets (students return with plankton for lab) • Small water container • 1 Methyl cellulose • 10 Petri Dishes • 5 Dissecting scope • plankton book • 10 droppers • 5 pen lights • 1 package Index cards PPTS:  microscope.ppt  Intro to plankton.ppt  Meroplankton.ppt Handouts:  plankton.doc  Plankton survey worksheet.doc  Meroplankton1.doc  Meroplankton2.doc 3 4 Lab 09 Climate Change o Computer & Projector o Computer cart

Greenhouse effect by PASCO Materials and Equipment Required • Vernier LabQuest • beaker, 500-mL • Temperature Probe • 1/8” vinyl tubing (0.5 m) • Vernier CO2 Sensor • Erlenmeyer flask, 125-mL • Small Tripod Base & Rod • 1-hole stopper (for flask) • Three Finger Clamp • foam insulating lid • black construction paper • clamp or clothes pin • insulated mitt • 150-W incandescent light source • protective gear • plastic tubing connector nib (2)

1. Cut a piece of black construction paper so it fits in the 1-L beaker. 2. Place the foam insulating lid on the top of the beaker. 3. Cut a hole in the top of the lid so the CO2 Sensor makes a snug fit. 4. Press the Temperature Probe through the lid, creating another hole. 5. Create a third hole in the foam insulating lid for the plastic tubing connector nib. 6. Using a ruler, place the light source 6 inches from the beaker.

Ice Core Analysis Make 5 ice cores Materials and Equipment Required for making ice cores  5 Plastic graduated cylinders (50 ml) – one for each group  Food coloring – various colors  1 bottle Carbonated sparkling water  Acid (vinegar or lemon juice drops) 5  Particles (ashes, cat litter, or other dusty material)  Freezer with enough space to store cylinders upright  5 - pH test kits, pH paper or phenolphthalein & sodium hydroxide to measure pH  Rulers  Electronic balance  Cooler  5 Hot plates with water baths to melt ice core or warm tap water  Ice Core Worksheet included in this activity  1% by volume of 0.1M copper chloride solution  dilute sodium hydroxide  5- 50ml graduated cylinders

Ice Core Directions: Make ice cores (Note: Allow up to 5 days for preparation of this activity before you present it to students)  • Several days before class, make an ice core for each group of 2-3 lab partners. (5 ice cores needed) Use 50 ml graduated cylinders or other long narrow containers to make the ice cores: they should be able to stand upright in the freezer. You will make the cores with at least 3 different layers. After mixing up and adding each layer to each ice core, you will need to freeze the ice core completely before adding the next layer, so plan several days of preparation time.  • Plan to give each layer a unique color (to help students separate the layers), volume (to simulate varying levels of precipitation), dissolved solids (to simulate both pollution and ash from volcanic eruptions), dissolved CO2, and pH.  •1st layer: Mix up a solution for the first layer. Add a small amount of solids (ashes, ground up cat litter, or other dry or dusty substance) to tap water and some food coloring for dye to this first layer. Record the amount of sediment you added and measure and record the pH of the solution. Stir the solution to suspend the solids and pour the same amount of the solution into each cylinder. Freeze overnight or until solid.  • 2nd layer: Mix up the next solution, this time adding carbonated sparkling water to the tap water (perhaps 10% sparkling water and 90% tap), a different amount of solids, and a different color of dye. (Note: the solids could represent pollution or volcanic action, so you may want more solids in the topmost layers to represent pollution from industrialization as well as solids in an earlier layer to represent a geologic time with much volcanic activity.) Again, measure the pH and record the composition of this layer. (If the pH is not different from the first layer, try adding more sparkling water or some vinegar to reduce the pH.) Add this solution on top of each of the frozen cylinders. Refreeze overnight.  • 3rd + layers: Continue making additional layers, varying the parameters and freezing between each addition. To simulate increased CO2 in the atmosphere, have the last layer be a solution of 50% carbonated sparkling water and 50% tap water. You could also add more solids to this layer to simulate increased pollution from industrialization. 6  Add other parameters to the ice cores for the students to measure. For example, to simulate heavy metals in the atmosphere from pollution, you can add about 1% by volume of 0.1M copper chloride solution to a layer. Students can analyze layers for the presence of copper by adding a small amount of dilute sodium hydroxide to a portion of the melted layer and observing the result over a white background. The presence of copper will turn the resulting solution a faint blue. To detect a difference in color, students should compare the portion they treated with sodium hydroxide to the untreated portion. However, if you used dye in the layers this will be hard to detect, so you may want to add the copper chloride to a clear layer.  Bring the ice core samples to class (packing them in ice and dishtowels in a cooler helps protect them until class time). Distribute one ice core per 2-3 students.

Handouts:  Climate Change Activity.doc  Greenhouse Gas.doc  Greenhouse effect.doc  Ice Core Exercise.doc  Ice cores unlock climate secretes.doc  Ocean News: Benefits of long term data.doc  Long term data set.xls

Lab 10 Fisheries MPA Simulation • Computer and projector • computer cart

Lab 11 Oil Spill  Computer & Projector  Computer cart

Exxon Spill.doc

Materials for Oil Spill Sediment Penetration Exercise  3- 400-mL beakers  5- 50 mL graduated cylinders  20 small test tubes  6 petri dish halves  10 eye droppers  10 popsicle sticks or tongue depressors  2 test tube racks  1 hand whisk or egg beater  1 large bowl  2 small preparation dishes  1 large plastic pan  1 roll kitchen paper towels  1 bottle Dawn dish detergent 7  1 bottle molasses  1 bottle mineral oil  coarse-grained sand or gravel (Michelle)  medium- to fine-grained sand (Michelle)  clay or mud (Michelle)  small rocks (Michelle)  container blue food dye  1 quart fresh water (can add 4-5 drops of blue dye; mix with popsicle stick/tongue depressor)  12 Tbsp. vegetable oil  8 Tbsp. cocoa powder  1 container of simulated crude oil (= Mix 12 Tbsp. vegetable oil +  8 Tbsp. cocoa powder in a beaker thoroughly with a popsicle stick/tongue depressor)  Need creative ways to clean up an oil spill. Any ideas? Students will bring in absorbent materials such as: craft pom poms, 1 pr nylon stocking, 1 roll string, etc.

NOTE: To contaminate fresh water with simulated crude oil: Very slowly pour simulated crude oil from a height of 1 cm. onto the top of the fresh water dish. If you pour the oil too quickly, the experiment won't work.

Handouts:  Exxon Spill.doc  Midway Jet fuel spill.doc  Is Hawaii Prepared for a Major Oil Spill.doc  Oil Spill on Coral full report.pdf  The Gulf Oil spill in the classroom.doc  Sediment Penetration Exercise  Prince William's Oily Mess Lesson.pdf If time:  GNOME Manual.pdf  Hawaii GDB  KBay GNOME.pdf  KBay GNOME Files

Lab 12 Field Trip Fish Pond- Waikaloa Loko  Lock Code 1102  5 collection buckets

 1 Dissolved O2 meter  2 pH meter (portable)  2 Nitrate kits  3 Plankton nets  5 Petri dishes plastic for viewing under dissecting scope  1 Dissecting scope  1 pen light  4 Trays for algae 8  2 Salinometer (optical refractometer)  2 DI water bottles  2 eye droppers  2 forceps  bait (1 small pack of shrimp for catching crabs)  School Van Handouts:  Waikalua Loko Fishpond Chemical and biological sampling.doc  Fishpond intro.pdf  Map to Waikalua Loko.pdf Contact  Rosalyn Dias [email protected]

Lab 13 Field trip: Fish Auction • Fisheries Worksheet Contact:  Brooks Tanaka 536-2148, [email protected]

Lab 14 CMORE Ocean Acidification Kit • Computer and projector • computer cart • PPTS  Ocean Acid.ppt • Handouts:  Honolulu Declaration.pdf  Dangers of ocean acid.pdf  Ocean Acid Survey Worksheet.doc

Lab 15 CMORE Marine Debris Kit • Computer and projector • computer cart • PPTS  Lesson1 Trash Talk.ppt  Lesson 2 Carried away.ppt  Lesson 3 Plastics.ppt • Handouts:  Ghost Net ID.pdf  Marine debris worksheet.doc  Marine Debris Data Collection Sheet.pdf  Marine Debris Japan Tsunami.doc