1.1.3. Leone II E Lo Scenario Internazionale (Febbraio 474 - Agosto 474)
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The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century. -
Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation
Empire of Hope and Tragedy: Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian Swain Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Timothy Gregory, Co-advisor Anthony Kaldellis Kristina Sessa, Co-advisor Copyright by Brian Swain 2014 Abstract This dissertation explores the intersection of political and ethnic conflict during the emperor Justinian’s wars of reconquest through the figure and texts of Jordanes, the earliest barbarian voice to survive antiquity. Jordanes was ethnically Gothic - and yet he also claimed a Roman identity. Writing from Constantinople in 551, he penned two Latin histories on the Gothic and Roman pasts respectively. Crucially, Jordanes wrote while Goths and Romans clashed in the imperial war to reclaim the Italian homeland that had been under Gothic rule since 493. That a Roman Goth wrote about Goths while Rome was at war with Goths is significant and has no analogue in the ancient record. I argue that it was precisely this conflict which prompted Jordanes’ historical inquiry. Jordanes, though, has long been considered a mere copyist, and seldom treated as an historian with ideas of his own. And the few scholars who have treated Jordanes as an original author have dampened the significance of his Gothicness by arguing that barbarian ethnicities were evanescent and subsumed by the gravity of a Roman political identity. They hold that Jordanes was simply a Roman who can tell us only about Roman things, and supported the Roman emperor in his war against the Goths. -
On Leontius' Origin and Career up Until the Year 481/482*
Piotrkowskie Zeszyty Historyczne, t. 21 (2020), z. 3, s. 9-18 www.ihpt.pl/pzh DOI: 10.25951/4249 Mirosław J. Leszka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2643-4520 Uniwersytet Łódzki e-mail: [email protected] On Leontius’ Origin and Career up until the Year 481/482* O pochodzeniu Leoncjusza i jego karierze do roku 482 Abstract This article discusses the usurper Leontius’ origin and career up until the year of 481/482. He was most likely born in a family belonging to the circles of provincial aristocracy, which enabled him to receive a good education. As for his ethnicity, contrary to a rather popular scholarly opinion that he was from Isauria, he might just as well have come from Syria (as Theophanes points out directly). Regarding his position as magister militum per Thracias, it seems that he could have held it in the years 478–482 (there is no certainty that he exer- cised this function in 484). He probably had known Illus before 481/482. Abstrakt Artykuł poświęcony jest pochodzeniu i karierze Leoncjusza (do roku 481/482). Urodził się on zapewne w rodzinie należącej do kręgów prowincjo- nalnej arystokracji, co umożliwiło mu odebranie dobrego wykształcenia. Co do pochodzenia etnicznego, to wbrew dość powszechnej w nauce opinii, że po- chodził z Izaurii, trzeba wskazać, że równie dobrze można uznać, że wywodził się z Syrii (o czym bezpośrednio mówi Teofanes). Co do pełnienia przez niego * The research project financed by the National Science Centre, Poland. Decision number: DEC-2018/31/B/HS3/03038. 10 Mirosław J. Leszka stanowiska magister militum per Thracias, to wydaje się, że mógł je sprawować w latach 478–482 (nie ma pewności, że był nim w 484 r.). -
The Taktika of Leo VI and the Byzantine Eastern Frontier During the Ninth and Tenth Centuries[*]
a a SPICILEGIUM Online Journal of Japan Society for Medieval European Studies, Vol. 1 (2017) * * * * * * a a The Taktika of Leo VI and the Byzantine Eastern Frontier During the Ninth and Tenth Centuries[*] Kosuke Nakada [*] I should like to thank the editors and anon- Abstract ymous reviewers of Spicilegium for comment- ing on an earlier draft of this article. I should also like to thank Dr Koji Murata for revising Recent studies on the political and military history in the reign of Leo VI (r. 886–912) tend to my draft. emphasise his role as a central authoritative figure. However, close scrutiny on the emperor’s At the outset, I would like to mention that I have already published another article on the military treatise called the Taktika and collation with the actual situation offers a different pic- Taktika in Japanese (“The Taktika of Leo VI and ture concerning his view on the warfare in the eastern frontier. In chapter XVIII of the Taktika the Byzantine Eastern Frontier in his Reign,” on the manoeuvres against the raiding Arabs, Leo emphasises the importance of autonomous Mediterraneus: Annual Report of the Collegium Mediterranistarum 36 [2013], pp. 3–24), in regional defence undertaken by local forces. When understood collectively with other sources, which my focus was on the nature of the whole this can be an attestation of Leo’s willingness to delegate power to potentates in order to resist text as a military treatise, and the meaning of the incessant raids more effectively, despite the possible centrifugal effects. This sort of interac- the chapter on the Arabs. -
Working Paper No. 8
working paper no. 8 Gyburg Uhlmann The Noise of the Books Practices of Knowledge Transfer in Damascius’ Vita Isidori Sonderforschungsbereich 980 Episteme in Bewegung. Wissenstransfer von der Alten Welt bis in die Frühe Neuzeit Collaborative Research Center Episteme in Motion. Transfer of Knowledge from the Ancient World Berlin 2016 to the Early Modern Period ISSN 2199-2878 SFB Episteme – Working Papers Die Working Papers werden herausgegeben von dem an der Freien Universität Berlin angesiedelten Sonderforschungsbereich 980 Episteme in Bewegung. Wissenstransfer von der Alten Welt bis in die Frühe Neuzeit und sind auf der Website des SFB sowie dem Dokumentenserver der Freien Universität Berlin kostenfrei abrufbar: www.sfb‐episteme.de und http://edocs.fu‐berlin.de Die Veröffentlichung erfolgt nach Begutachtung durch den SFB‐Vorstand. Mit Zusendung des Typoskripts überträgt die Autorin/der Autor dem Sonderforschungsbereich ein nichtexklusives Nutzungsrecht zur dauerhaften Hinterlegung des Dokuments auf der Website des SFB 980 sowie dem Dokumentenserver der Freien Universität. Die Wahrung von Sperrfristen sowie von Urheber‐ und Verwertungsrechten Dritter obliegt den Autorinnen und Autoren. Die Veröffentlichung eines Beitrages als Preprint in den Working Papers ist kein Ausschlussgrund für eine anschließende Publikation in einem anderen Format. Das Urheberrecht verbleibt grundsätzlich bei den Autor/innen. Zitationsangabe für diesen Beitrag: Uhlmann, Gyburg: The noise of the books – Practices of Knowledge Transfer in Damascius’ Vita Isidori, -
Power and Usurpation in Byzantium: Some Aspects of Communication, Legitimacy, and Moral Authority
‘THE GLORY OF RULING MAKES ALL THINGS PERMISSIBLE’: POWER AND USURPATION IN BYZANTIUM: SOME ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION, LEGITIMACY, AND MORAL AUTHORITY By ALISTAIR JAMES DAVIDSON A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman, and Modern Greek Studies Classics, Ancient History and Archaeology College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2017 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT In Byzantium, usurpation was made possible by the conflict between hereditary-dynastic and meritocratic-republican theories of rulership. Legitimacy was founded upon subjective notions of idealized moral-behavioural norms drawn from the imperial virtues and Christian ideology. Authority could be challenged when it was perceived to deviate from these norms. Investitures transformed a usurper from a private individual to an emperor on the basis of ratification by popular consent. The historic ritual of reluctance allowed emperors to present themselves as ‘moral ideals’ at the moment of proclamation, ridding them of blame for a usurpation. Guilt and sin were inevitable byproducts of usurpation, but imperial repentance facilitated an expiation and legitimized imperial authority in relation to moral ideals. -
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
THE HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE BY EDWARDGIBBON ,, EDITED BY i J. B. BURY, M.A. WITH AN INTRODUCTION nY THE RT. HON. W. E. H. LECKY VOL. VI NEW YORK FRED DE FAU & COMPANY PUBLISHERS COPYRIGHT, Iga7. FRED DE FAU & COMPANY. CONTENTS OF THE SIXTH VOLUME PAGE LISTOF ILLUSTBATIONS . xi CHAPTER XXXIV The Character, Conquests, and Court of Attila, King of the Huns - Denth of Theodosius the Younger -Elevation of Marcien to the Empire of the &st A.D. , 376-433 TheHuns . .......I Their Establishment in modernHungary . 2 433-453 Reign of Attila . -3 H is FigureCharacterHisand . 4 He discovers the Sword of Mars . 6 Acquires theEmpire of Scythia and Germany . .7 430-440 TheHuns invadePersia . .9 41,&c. They attackEasternthe Empire . XI Ravage Europe as far as Constantinople . la The Scythian or TartarWars . , 14 State of the Captives . .x6 446 Treaty of Peace betweenAttila Ad theEastern Empire . 19 Spirit of the Azimuntines . 21 EmbassiesfromAttila to Constantinople . 22 448 The Embassy of Maximin to Attila . ’ 25 The royal Village and Palace . .28 The Behaviour of Attilato the Roman Ambassadors . 30 The royal Feast . .32 Conspiracy of theRomans against the Life of Attila . 34 He re rimands and forgives theEmperor . 35 450 ThdosiusYounger the dies . ’ 36 Is succeededby Marcian . ’ 37 CHAPTER XXXV Invasion of Gad by Attila - He is repulsed by Aetius and the Visigoths - Attila invades and evacrralcs Itdy - The Dealhs of Attila, Aetius, and Vakntinian the Third 450 Attila threatensboth Empires, and prepares to invade Gaul . 39 433-454 Character and Administration of Aetius . -
An Uncertain Future: the Beginning of Papal Sovereignty, 476-510 ______
AN UNCERTAIN FUTURE: THE BEGINNING OF PAPAL SOVEREIGNTY, 476-510 ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Fullerton ____________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ____________________________________ By Andrew Braun Thesis Committee Approval: Professor Maged Mikhail, Chair Professor Jonathan Markley, Department of History Professor James O’Connor, Department of History Fall, 2015 ABSTRACT The period between 472 A.D. and 510 A.D. was one of institutional uncertainty for the Catholic Church. The Western Roman Emperor was deposed and the position left vacant. The governing of Italy fell on Germanic warlords, both subordinate to and independent of the Emperor in Constantinople whose attentions were focused on political intrigue and wars, both civil and foreign. A schism in the Church further reduced his influence. This left a void of leadership for the people of Rome. The remaining Emperor was now far away, and the secular leadership of Italy in the hands of foreigners and not members of the Catholic Church. The bishops of Rome began to fill that void, though not without controversy and resistance. He was able to use his moral authority, and his important political position to form the beginnings of independent political authority. The temporal reality of this independence would vanish with the end of the Acacian Schism and the conquest of Rome by Emperor Justinian in 536AD. Only the rhetorical innovations, pushing for temporal authority remained, to be used in the ensuing centuries with the formation of the Papal States. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................ -
The Last World Emperor and the Angelic Pope: Eschatological Figures As Representative of the Medieval Struggle of “Sacerdotium" and “Imperium”
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 8-1990 The Last World Emperor and the Angelic Pope: Eschatological Figures as Representative of the Medieval Struggle of “Sacerdotium" and “Imperium” Christopher Joseph Beiting Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Medieval Studies Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Beiting, Christopher Joseph, "The Last World Emperor and the Angelic Pope: Eschatological Figures as Representative of the Medieval Struggle of “Sacerdotium" and “Imperium”" (1990). Master's Theses. 1064. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/1064 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE LAST WORLD EMPEROR AND THE ANGELIC POPE: ESCHATOLOGICAL FIGURES AS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MEDIEVAL STRUGGLE OF "SACERDOTIUM" AND "IMPERIUM” by Christopher Joseph Beiting A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The Medieval Institute Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 1990 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. THE LAST WORLD EMPEROR AND THE ANGELIC POPE: ESCHATOLOGICAL FIGURES AS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MEDIEVAL STRUGGLE OF "SACERDOTIUM" AND "IMFERIUM" Christopher Joseph Beiting, M.A. Western Michigan University, 1990 In adopting the Christian faith, medieval people also obtained a tradition within Christianity, that of esehatology. Because of this tradition, there was a receptiveness among some for prophetic visions of the future, visions of widely varied nature. -
Two Roman Generals: Flavius Stilicho and , Flavius Aetius
Two Roman generals: Flavius Stilicho and Flavius Aetius Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Culbertson, James Thomas, 1944- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 25/09/2021 12:02:06 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/317966 TWO ROMAN GENERALS: FLAVIUS STILICHO AND , FLAVIUS AETIUS by James T. Culbertson A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 6 6 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfill ment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowl edgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the majob department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the inter ests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: T . -
Pagan Cosmogonies in the Age of Justinian
Acta Ant. Hung. 56, 2016, 513–527 DOI: 10.1556/068.2016.56.4.9 MIHAIL-GEORGE HÂNCU IN THE END THERE WAS THE BEGINNING: PAGAN COSMOGONIES IN THE AGE OF JUSTINIAN Summary: The conflict between the pagans and the Christian authorities of the Eastern Roman Empire has given birth to numerous polemical discussions among modern commentators, which is due to the fact that our sources on the subject were often biased. The closing of the Neo-Platonic Academy in Athens in 529 has nevertheless been cited as the end of pagan philosophy, even though its last leader, Damascius, would continue his philosophical activity around the Persian border. My paper deals with the persistent reception of one subject that was at odds with the Christian dogma, the cosmogony. Damascius is also known for his De principiis, a lengthy treaty about the One and the Ineffable that precedes it. Although the work itself is first and foremost an answer to previous Neoplatonists, it is also an extremely valuable source for other lost Pre-Socratic cosmogonies, namely the Orphic ones, which are interpreted alongside other non-Greek creation myths in the final pages of the treatise. On the other hand, John Lydus provides an intriguing adaptation of such creation myths in De ma- gistratibus reipublicae Romanae, where he combines Platonic and Aristotelian ideas in order to build an explanatory model for the contemporary decline in offices of state. His choice of sources shows, however, that he was likely a pagan himself and that he had professed the official religion in order to avoid perse- cution. -
Zeno | 1 Downloaded from Coptic-Wiki.Org ZENO a Roman Emperor
Zeno | 1 ZENO A Roman emperor (474-491). An Isaurian chieftain by birth, he came to Constantinople and in 466 or 467 married the daughter of Emperor LEO I (457-474). He changed his almost unpronounceable name, Tarasicodissa, to Zeno; and when Leo I died in February 474, he maneuvered his way into becoming a joint ruler with his young son, Leo II. The latter died in November 474, and Zeno became sole emperor. Within three months he was displaced by a court intrigue headed by his mother-in-law, Empress Verina, and was forced to find refuge in his native Isauria (9 January 475). Verina set her brother, Basiliscus, on the throne, and for eighteen months Zeno’s chances of regaining power seemed dim. Basiliscus and his wife, Zenonis, however, were both strongly anti- Chalcedonian. They were influenced by TIMOTHY AELURUS II “the Cat,” the anti-Chalcedonian patriarch of Alexandria who had come to Constantinople to plead his cause against his Chalcedonian rival. Basiliscus threw his weight against his own patriarch, Acacius (471-489), to the extent of allowing the bishoprics of Asia, including Ephesus, to withdraw from control of the patriarchate of Constantinople. Citizens and clergy were outraged, and though Basiliscus recalled the mostanti- Chalcedonian of his decrees (spring 476), the populace, spurred on by Daniel the Stylite, became increasingly restless. In August 476 Zeno returned to his capital in triumph; Basiliscus was arrested and eventually put to death. On 17 December 476 an edict restored the ecclesiastical status quo and prerogatives of the see of Constantinople, now described as “the mother of our Piety and of all Christians of the orthodox religion” (Codex Justinianus 1.2.16).