Cellular Respiration Review

Name ______Date ______Period ______

Short Answer. 1. What six-carbon molecule begins glycolysis, and what three-carbon molecules are produced at the end of glycolysis? ______2. What condition must exist for the cell to engage in fermentation? ______3. How is the synthesis of ATP in the electron transport chain of the mitochondria similar to the synthesis of ATP in chloroplasts? ______4. What role does oxygen play in aerobic respiration? What molecule does oxygen become a part of as a result of aerobic respiration? ______5. A researcher estimates that, in a certain organism, the complete metabolism of glucose produces 32 molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose. The energy released from the total oxidation of glucose under standard conditions is 686 kcal/mol. The energy released from the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP inorganic phosphate under standard conditions is 7.3 kal/mol. Calculate the amount of enrgy available from the hydrolysis of 32 moles of ATP. Calculate the efficiency of total ATP productions from 1 mole of glucose in the organism. ______6. Sometimes protons leak out of a cell or are used for other purposes besides ATP production. How would this affect the production of ATP in aerobic respiration? ______

True or False. For Questions 7–12, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. 7. Glycolysis provides the pyruvic acid molecules used in fermentation. 8. Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue by providing the NADPH needed to accept high-energy electrons. 9. Fermentation is an aerobic process. 10. Fermentation occurs in the mitochondria of cells. 11. Alcoholic fermentation gives off carbon dioxide and is used in making bread. 12. Most organisms perform fermentation using a chemical reaction that converts pyruvic acid to lactic acid.

13. Complete the table comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

A Comparison of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Aspect Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Function energy capture

Location of chloroplasts reactions Reactants

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