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Accountability, 3, 59–61, 322, 334–335, 410, 412–419, 437, 475

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Accountability, 3, 59–61, 322, 334–335, 410, 412–419, 437, 475 Index Accountability, 3, 59–61, 322, Agriculturally based economies, 334–335, 410, 412–419, 437, 312 475 Agrupacion´ Nacional de Empleados bureaucratic politics in Mexico, Fiscales (ANEF), 102 194–198 Alianza Democratica´ M-19 Chile’s institutions of, 103–108 (AD M-19), 115 in Colombia, 127–132 American Congresses, 294–298 congressional oversight, 103–104 American legislators, 297 control bodies, 104–105 Andean Counterdrug Initiative (ACI), in Costa Rica, 162–170 134 financial and economic, 128–129 Antipoverty programs, governance in, formal instruments, 128–130 389–394 horizontal, 103–105, 162–169 Apps, 366–369 informal instruments, 130–132 Argentina, 23–27 media, 130–131 Argentine state and successive in Paraguay, 220–221 reform processes, 39–41 performance, 129–130 bureaucracy, 35–38 political, 128 characteristics of public public, 131–132 employment, 28–35 Uribe effect, 132 characteristics of selected structures, in Uruguay, 247–249 49–50 vertical, 105–107, 169–170 civil and no civil personnel by Accounting Tribunal (TCR), 230–231, hierarchies, 47–48 233 congress, 25–26 Acto Legislativo 02 of 2004, 118 federalism, 24 Administrative bureaucracy, 37 national public policy, 27 Administrative decentralization, party system, 26–27 471–472 political parties, 35–37 Administrative Department of Public politics of Argentine bureaucracy, Service, 120 37–38 “Administrative modernization”,11 PPM in, 278–280 Administrative reforms, 13–14, presidential rule, 25 298–299 selected organs according to type of processes characteristics, 15–16 link, 51 Administrative Statute, 89–90 structure of government and Administrative style, 299 political institutions, 24–27 Administrative Tribunal (TCA), Argentina-Compra, 358 230–231, 233 Argentina. gob. ar, 358, 361–362 “Agencification”, 14, 135–136 Argentine national bureaucracy, 24 490 Index Aristocratic culture, 306 Bureaucratic/bureaucracy politics, Articulation in Semi-arid (ASA), 99–103 388–389 of accountability, 194–198 Assembly’s technical capacity, 303 in Colombia, 124–127 Auditor´ıa Superior de la Federacion´ in Costa Rica, 160–161 (ASF), 195 in Latin America, 290 Autonomous institutions, 151 in Mexico, 190–194 in Paraguay, 216–220 Bilaterals, 332 in Uruguay, 245–246 Black Box, 397–399 Bureaucratic–Weberian Bolsa Fam´ılia,74 administrations, 13–14 Brazil Business Management System, 88–89 Brazilian Civil Service, 61–67 organizational structure, 55–57 Cardoso governments, 70–73 political institutions, 57–61 Career bureaucrats, 335 political stability, 298–299 Career-based model. See Traditional political system and administrative civil service (TCS) structures as institutional Casa Civil, 330 environments, 55–61 Caudillismo, 311 politics of public administration “Caudillos”,10 in democratic brazil, Center of Government (CoG), 5, 320 68–76 and coordination, 473–474 PPM in, 269–272 functional and structural public administration in, 55 approaches, 320–321 Brazilian “coalition presidentialism”, increasing relevance, 324–326 271 institutional structure, 322–324 Brazilian bureaucratic building in Latin America, 326–336 process, 299 political and technical functions, Brazilian Civil Service, 55, 61–67 321–322 social security policy changes in political economy of strengthening, public sector, 67 335–336 weight of political appointees, Centro Latinoamericano de Admin- 63–67 istracion´ para el Desarrollo Brazilian Pluriannual Plan, 464 (CLAD), 13–14, 72–73 Brazilian public administration, 53 Centro para la Promocion´ de las Broadband diffusion, 347–349 Exportaciones e Inversiones Budget (CENPRO), 171–172 budget-oriented systems, 447–450 Chile units, 323 accountability, 103–108 Budgetary resources, 321 bureaucratic politics, 99–103 Bureaucracy, 279–280 characteristics of Chilean public Bureaucratic Functional Capacity sector, 83–89 Index (BCI), 127 political stability, 298–299 Bureaucratic Merit Index, 127 PPM in, 267–269 Index 491 public sector personnel, 89–99 presidency in “check”, 133 reform and change, 108–112 public administration, 120–121 Chile Compra, 111, 359 public personnel, 121–124 Chilean public sector characteristics reform and change, 132–138 executive, 83 state modernization, 133 government institutions, 83–89 transversal reforms with a fiscal judiciary, 84–85 focus, 134–135 legislature, 84 Colombian public administration, 115 public administration, 86–89 Colorado party, 204, 232 subnational government, 85–86 Comision´ Nacional del Servicio Civ´ıl Chilean state, 81–82 (CNSC), 121, 274–275 Christian Democratic Party (PDC), 82 Commission for Protection of Rights Citizen participation, 107 of People, 104 forums, 161 Committee system, 296 Civil career system, 182–186 Communications, 322, 334–335 in Mexico, 182–186 units, 323 Civil servants, 158–160 Community Aqueducts. See Civil service Community Organizations laws, 89–93 for Water and Sewerage systems in Latin America, 2 Services (OCSAS) Civil Service Development Index Community management of water, (CSDI), 265, 301 388–389 Client-focused service, 252 Community Organizations for Water Clientelistic parties, 308–310, 312 and Sewerage Services Closed model. See Career-based model (OCSAS), 388 Code drafting process, 421 Competitive hiring processes, 92 Collective bargaining, 275 Comprehensive analysis, 1 Colombia, 116 Concentric circles, 323 accountability, 127–132 Concertacion´ coalition, 82, 86–88, 99 agencification, formalization, peace, ‘Conditional Cash Transfers’ Programs 135–136 (CCTP), 134 basic structural features, 117–121 Conditioned Transfer Programs bureaucracy politics in, 124–127 (PTCs), 389, 394 economic performance, 116 Congress, 25–26 executive branch, 117–118 Congress capacity index, 301, 303 fiscal adjustment, 133–134 Consejo de la Alta Direccion´ Publica´ , government institutions, 117–120 268 judicial branch, 119 Consejo Nacional de Produccion´ legislative branch, 118–119 (CNP). See National Coun- links with civil society, 126 cil for Production links with political parties, 125 Constitution (1988), 54–57, 59, 69 local government, 120 Constitutional Court, 104–105 other government institutions, 120 Consultative Committee, 93 politics of bureaucracy, 124–127 Consultative Council, 276–277 492 Index “Continental European model”, 232 ‘Democratic accountability in Contract employees, 90 context of PPME systems’ Contraction–retraction dynamics, 40 trends and challenges, “Contrata”, 267 459–464 “Contratado a honorario”, 267 emphasis on evaluation, 461–462 Coordinating Committee of Deputy new developments and trends, Ministers (CCV), 329–330 460–462 Coping with turbulence, 474 opening spaces to negotiating with Core state careers, 71 sector-specific authorities, Corruption, 127, 409, 429–430, 475 461 reduction, 409 political orientation integrating Costa Rica, 4 budget considerations, bureaucracy and political parties, 460–461 160 PPME systems to citizens bureaucracy politics in, 160–161 and parliaments, 462 PPM in, 272–273 recurrent and new challenges, relation with civil society, 160–161 462–464 Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE), Democratic backsliding, 474 153 Democratic opening, 180 Costa Rican public administration, Democratic political theory, 17 147 Democratic Security Program (PDS), accountability, 162–170 134 Costa Rican public institutions Democratic stability, 231 characteristics, 148–156 Democratization, 35 government system, 148–151 Departamento Administrativo de la philosophy and culture of Funcion´ Publica´ (DAFP). governance, 155–156 See Administrative politics of bureaucracy, 160–161 Department of Public public administration, 151–154 Service public personnel system, 157–160 Depoliticization, 470–471 reform and change, 170–174 Differentiated Procurement Regime Council for Internal Government (RDC), 76 Audits, 104 Digital agenda, 475 Credible commitment, 477–478 Digital governance, 475 Crowdsourcing, 363 in LA, 5–6 “Cuoteo”, 269 Digital government (DG), 344 AgendaSetting and policy design Decentering governing, 477 from regional perspective, Decentralization, 136–137, 471–472, 350–353 477 comparative data and participation Decentralized administration, 27 performance, 353–357 Defense of Free Competition Court, 85 comparative overview in Latin Delegative democracy, 292 America, 349–357 Democracy, 25 E-government to, 137–138 Index 493 Digital Public Administration. See also Electronic Public Service Delivery Latin American public Portals, 360–362 administration Employment, 267 comparative overview of digital Employment Contracts Act, 29 government in Latin Enactment coalition, 191 America, 349–357 Ethics Committees, 421 e-government implementation in Ethics training, 421 Latin American Countries, “European continental model”,10–11 357–369 European debates on governance, LatAm countries and information 376–384 society, 345–349 Evidence-based policy, 252 National Agendas, 357–360 Executive Branch Commissioned Digital social media, 364 Positions (FCPE), 65 Digitalization, 359 Executive’s role in institutions, DIPRES, 446 291–294 Direccion´ General de Servicio Civil searching for external coercion, (Civil Service General 294 Directorate), 272–273 Explicitly mixed systems, 452–453 Direction and Advisory Positions Export expansion prosperity, 309–310 (DAS), 63, 271 Export-based prosperity, 308–309 External coercion, searching for, 294 E-consultation, 355 E-decision-making, 355 “Fast Track” system, 275 E-government to digital government, Federal Transparency Act on Access to 137–138 Information. See Ley E-information, 355 Federal de Transparencia E-Participation, 355–357 de Acceso a la Informacion´ Economic (LFTAIPG)
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