Title

The infectious and non-infectious dermatological consequences of flooding: a field manual for the responding provider

Journal

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

Authors

Justin P. Bandino, MD

Anna Hang, MD

Scott A. Norton, MD, MPH, MSc

Affiliations

Dr. Bandino is a Dermatology Resident at the San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium in San Antonio, TX

Dr. Hang is an Otolaryngology resident at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Dr. Norton is with the Dermatology Division, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.

Corresponding author

Justin P. Bandino, MD

Phone (210) 608-1880, [email protected] Electronic Supplementary Material: List of recent severe floods

Event Type Year Location Population affected Est Cost (USD) Land involved (km2) Dead Displaced Comments Great US Floods of Heavy rains, >75 towns complete submerged, numerous sewage/water treatment Mar-Nov 1993 Midwest U.S. 55 35,000 1993 snowmelt plants destroyed Yangtze River Heavy rains, major Worst flooding of Xijiang/Yangtze Rivers in decades. Worst known Jun-Aug 1998 China 4000 15,000,000 Floods dyke collapse flooding of Nen/Songjua Rivers. Category 3 Haiti, Dominican Republic, Hurricane Jeanne Sep-Oct 2004 3,000 280,000 12th deadliest Atlantic hurricane. Hurricane USA Tsunami following Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Third largest earthquake ever recorded. One of the deadliest natural Asian Tsunami Dec 2004 280,000 2,000,000 9.1 MW earthquake Thailand disasters in recorded history. Category 5 Deadliest hurricane to hit US since 1928.Costliest natural disaster in US Hurricane Katrina Aug 2005 U.S. Gulf Coast 1,900 500,000 Hurricane history. Cyclone Sidr Tropical Cyclone Nov 2007 Bangladesh, India 10,000 3,000,000 Worst storm since 1991 resulting in catastrophic flooding of Bangladesh. US Midwest Floods Heavy rains, Feb-Jun 2008 Midwest U.S. 30 40,000 Similar region as the Great US Floods of 1993. of 2008 snowmelt Extent of damage and death toll unclear due to political circumstances, Cyclone Nargis Tropical Cyclone May 2008 Burma (Myanmar), Thailand 150,000 1,500,000 but likely worst natural disaster in Myanmar recorded history. Torrential rains, Third worst flooding in 50 years in Brazil; Pattern of drought/flooding Brazil Floods Apr-May 2009 Northern Brazil 40 400,000 mudslides over previous 5 years. Cyclone, heavy Preceded by smaller Cyclone Bijli in Apr 2009, kills large number of Cyclone Aila Apr-May 2009 Bangladesh, eastern India 350 5,100,000 rains, tidal surges cattle. 2009 Pacific Ocean Typhoons Morakot, Ketsana/Ondoy, Mirinae, Parma. Morakot is Typhoon Aug-Nov 2009 Taiwan, Philippines, Vietnam 1,800 2,600,000 Typhoons deadliest typhoon in recorded history of Taiwan. Donation fatigue, tens of thousands trapped/stranded, millions displaced, Pakistan Floods Monsoon Rain Jul-Aug 2010 Pakistan 2,000 15-20 million large areas of fragile infrastructure destroyed, bridges destroyed hampering aid efforts. Most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan, fourth largest ever Great East Japan Tsunami following Mar 2011 Tōhoku, Japan 16,000 250,000 recorded. Considered to be the costliest ($) natural disaster in world Earthquake 9.0 M earthquake W history. Southeast Asian Typhoons and Philippines, Thailand, Cumulative effect: Typhoon Nesat, Typhoon Nalgae, Tropical Storm Oct 2011 3,000 2,000,000 Floods Monsoon Rain Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar Washi, and monsoon season. Multi-day cloudburst in North India causing wettest day in June (Dehra North India Floods Monsoon Rain June 2013 Uttarakhand, India 6,000 100,000 dun) in over 5 decades. Typhoon Typhoon Nov 2013 Philippines, China, Vietnam 6,300 200,000 Deadliest Philippine typhoon ever recorded. Haiyan/Yolanda 2014 India-Pakistan Monsoon Rain Sep 2014 India, Pakistan 557 30,000 Called the “Hurricane Katrina of Kashmir.” Floods 2015 Southeast Tropical Storm Malawi, Mozambique, Jan 2015 300 400,000 Africa Floods Chedza Madagascar