Bite Force and Its Relationship to Jaw Shape
© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Experimental Biology (2020) 223, jeb224352. doi:10.1242/jeb.224352 RESEARCH ARTICLE Bite force and its relationship to jaw shape in domestic dogs Colline Brassard1,2,*, Marilaine Merlin1, Claude Guintard3,4, Elodie Monchâtre-Leroy5, Jacques Barrat5, Nathalie Bausmayer6,7, Stéphane Bausmayer6,7, Adrien Bausmayer6,7, Michel Beyer6,7, AndréVarlet7, Céline Houssin8,Cécile Callou2, Raphaël Cornette8 and Anthony Herrel1 ABSTRACT International Committee on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Previous studies based on two-dimensional methods have Nomenclature, 2017) by rotation about the temporomandibular joint suggested that the great morphological variability of cranial shape that receives the condylar process of the mandible. These movements in domestic dogs has impacted bite performance. Here, we used a are driven by contractions of the jaw adductors. Acting like a lever, the three-dimensional biomechanical model based on dissection data to forces are transmitted to the teeth, generating the bite force (Kim et al., estimate the bite force of 47 dogs of various breeds at several bite 2018). The macroscopic arrangement of muscle fibres (i.e. muscle points and gape angles. In vivo bite force for three Belgian shepherd architecture) directly determines muscle force production. A good dogs was used to validate our model. We then used three- overall measure of this architecture is the physiological cross-sectional dimensional geometric morphometrics to investigate the drivers of area (PCSA), which takes into account muscle volume, fibre length, bite force variation and to describe the relationships between the fibre type and pennation angle (Haxton, 1944). overall shape of the jaws and bite force.
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