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Bioheat Questions & Answers

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Bioheat Questions & Answers Burners ® Beckett BioHeat BioHeat® ready! READY Beckett is pleased to announce we will warranty our burners for use with BioHeat blends, up to B5, meeting the fuels standards below. Fuel standards: Know your fuel! The biggest cause of problems is off-spec blend stocks. B5 fuels must be made from the following materials: • 5% biodiesel (B100) meeting the requirements of ASTM D6751. (D6751 is the standard specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock for Bioheat blends.) • 95% petroleum fuel (No. 2 or No. 1) meeting the requirements of ASTM D396. (D396 is the standard specification for Fuel Oils.) • Use suppliers that are BQ-9000 certified where possible. (BQ-9000 is a Quality Assurance system for certifying, distributing, blending, and maintaining the quality of biodiesel / bioheat products.) • Insist on certification – certificates for the base fuel, the biodiesel blend stock and the finished blend. Beckett also recommends the following safeguards: Additives: Yellow metals: Stability leads the list of things to watch for. During storage Copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes) are known to and handling, fuels may react with their surroundings and cause (catalyze) reactions with all organic materials, with materials in their environment to form undesirable including petroleum fuels, and more so with biodiesel. by-products that can interfere with proper operation. These materials have been used in heating systems for Properly made B100 blend stocks are required to meet decades, and have a good track record. They do not oxidation stability requirements to help minimize this effect. enter into a reaction with the fuel and, therefore, are not Good additive systems for petroleum fuels incorporating consumed (unlike metal exposed to a strong acid) but this stabilizers, dispersants, and metal deactivators catalytic activity can cause the formation of precursors to (FuelArmor™ or similar additive) will help to protect the sludge. Contact with copper should be minimized where fuel and fuel storage system. They can be especially possible, particularly when evidence of instability is found. helpful during the transition period. If this is necessary, there are a number of actions that can be taken: Filtration: • Two-pipe systems should be converted to single-pipe. Filter plugging has been reported during the transition from Where air in the oil is a problem, install a deaeration all-petroleum fuel to Bioheat® blends, although it does not system (a Tigerloop™ or similar device) to minimize the always occur. Watch for filter plugging (especially on older, problem. untreated systems) and change filters as required during the • Heat related after-drip can heat the fuel at the nozzle, early stages of the conversion. making the problem worse. Add a valve or integrated pump / valve (a CleanCut® or similar pump) to give Tanks: a clean cut-off. Add a post-time control (a GeniSys® Older tanks that have not been serviced in many years may 7505P or similar control) to help cool the nozzle during be more susceptible to problems unless known clean fuels, the off-cycle in persistent circumstances. or regularly and consistently treated fuels have been used. Inspect for tank bottom solids (sludge) and water if unsure, or treat with a good additive before and/or as a part of the conversion. BioHeat® READY Why are we hearing so much about Biofuels today? Biofuels-made from plant or animal oils- have the potential to offer many benefits for the country, for oilheat dealers and for homeowners. They include: • Expanding the fuel supply for transportation and heating - and a resulting reduction in price pressure. • Reducing our dependency on international sources of petroleum. • Growing crops for biofuel production ‘recycles’ carbon back into the plant material, eliminating an environmental objection to fossil fuels. Exactly what is a Biofuel? What are the next steps in getting biodiesel “Biofuel” is a broad term for a variety of fuels derived approved? from living sources. One distinction is between: The clearest path for full biodiesel approval in burner systems is to revise ASTM D396 to include Biodiesel – products typically derived from “oily” biodiesel blends. Industry groups have completed products such as soybeans (US) or rapeseed (Europe) much testing under a UL fact-finding investigation, that behave much like middle distillate products like and found that they yielded acceptable results from heating oil and diesel. They are made by a chemical a combustion standpoint. However, a number process and purified before being sold. of questions remain about the compatibility of both B5 blends and neat B100 blend stock with Ethanol – products derived from sources such as materials commonly found in oil burner systems. sugar cane, corn and grasses that are converted into gasoline-like products by a distillation process. What research is planned to further the case that B5 should be included in ASTM D396? However, there are many other distinctions, such as Additional investigation above and beyond source, previous use and the percentage blends with the recently completed fact-finding study is traditional petroleum products. being discussed, and would include a more comprehensive investigation of biofuels from What about blends of biodiesel and petroleum a variety of source materials. Testing could fuels? include compatibility with a wider cross-section You will hear about B5, B20, or B100. The number of materials from oilheat systems and basic B5 represents the percentage of biodiesel in a blend of stability (storage life). Ideally, the investigation petroleum. For example, B5 is a blend of 5% biodiesel would break the oilheat system into specific, and 95% standard heating oil. manageable blocks so that any next steps could be defined. Is biofuel fully approved for use in heating systems? What is Beckett doing to help? No. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) requires that fuel Beckett is actively involved in many aspects of the for oil heaters comply with ASTM D396, which does not approval and testing process to help develop safe, allow for the use of biodiesel blends. Beckett and other reliable standards for biodiesel blends. leaders in the heating industry are working to amend ASTM D396 to include biodiesel blends up to 5% (B5). Refer to the front of this sheet for Beckett’s position on using B5 BioHeat® in Beckett burners. Form #61661 R02.
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