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Which Reasons Key Outcome War? for War Events of the War Trojan War *Legend says it was The Trojans protected The Trojans over Helen, the “face themselves behind the walls of wheeled the horse that launched a Troy; however, the Greeks into the city and thousand ships.” were able to maneuver while they were *Historians feel it was themselves into the city by sleeping, the likely over the trade hiding in a wooden horse that Greeks emerged route of the they pretended to leave for the from the horse, Dardanelles; Troy was Trojans as a sign of defeat. burned the city of key in controlling trade Troy, and defeated in this area. the Trojans. Persian War The Greeks had *Battle of Marathon – *Athens forms the encouraged the Ionian Athenians defeat Darius and Delian League and colonies in Asia Minor the Persians as Phedippides emerges as the to revolt against runs to worn the city of Athens. most powerful city- Persian control. The modern marathon is state. They steal Darius vows revenge named after him. from the treasury to on the Athenians and *Battle of Thermopylae – rebuild their city the wars begin. Spartans are defeated as a angering their farmer informs the Persians of allies. As a result, a secret narrow mtn. passage. Sparta and its allies *Battle of Salamis – Athens separate and form defeats the Persians in a the Peloponnesian decisive navy battle after League. tricking the Persians into the strait and using their unique ships, triremes to defeat them. Peloponnesian War Sparta had formed the *Sparta attacks Athens and Sparta finally Peloponnesian league Pericles gathers the Athenians defeats Athens to counter Athens’ into the city walls. A plague after 27 years. emerging power. outbreak kills Pericles including Greece will be a large portion of their weakened by the population. fighting and *The Athenians lose a key become susceptible battle at Syracuse, a Spartan to Macedonian ally. invasion from the north. Key Vocabulary: Trireme Peloponnesian League Delian League Ionian Asia Minor phalanx Key People: Darius Pericles Xerxes .

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The Persian Wars: Ionian Revolt the Ionian Revolt, Which Began in 499
The Persian Wars: Ionian Revolt The Ionian Revolt, which began in 499 B.C. marked the beginning of the Greek-Persian wars. In 546 B.C. the Persians had conquered the wealthy Greek settlements in Ionia (Asia Minor). The Persians took the Ionians’ farmland and harbors. They forced the Ionians to pay tributes (the regular payments of goods). The Ionians also had to serve in the Persian army. The Ionians knew they could not defeat the Persians by themselves, so they asked mainland Greece for help. Athens sent soldiers and a small fleet of ships. Unfortunately for the Ionians, the Athenians went home after their initial success, leaving the small Ionian army to fight alone. In 493 B.C. the Persian army defeated the Ionians. To punish the Ionians for rebelling, the Persians destroyed the city of Miletus. They may have sold some of tis people into slavery. The Persian Wars: Battle of Marathon After the Ionian Revolt, the Persian King Darius decided to conquer the city-states of mainland Greece. He sent messengers to ask for presents of Greek earth and water as a sign that the Greeks agreed to accept Persian rule. But the Greeks refused. Darius was furious. In 490 B.C., he sent a large army of foot soldiers and cavalry (mounted soldiers) across the Aegean Sea by boat to Greece. The army assembled on the pain of Marathon. A general named Miltiades (Mill-te-ah-deez) convinced the other Greek commanders to fight the Persians at Marathon. In need of help, the Athenians sent a runner named Pheidippides (Fa-dip-e-deez) to Sparta who ran for two days and two nights.
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Barry Strauss
Faith for the Fight BARRY STRAUSS At a recent academic conference on an- cient history and modern politics, a copy of Robert D. Ka- plan’s Warrior Politics was held up by a speaker as an example of the current influence of the classics on Washing- ton policymakers, as if the horseman shown on the cover was riding straight from the Library of Congress to the Capitol.* One of the attendees was unimpressed. He de- nounced Kaplan as a pseudo-intellectual who does more harm than good. But not so fast: it is possible to be skeptical of the first claim without accepting the second. Yes, our politicians may quote Kaplan more than they actually read him, but if they do indeed study what he has to say, then they will be that much the better for it. Kaplan is not a scholar, as he admits, but there is nothing “pseudo” about his wise and pithy book. Kaplan is a journalist with long experience of living in and writing about the parts of the world that have exploded in recent decades: such places as Bosnia, Kosovo, Sierra Leone, Russia, Iran, Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan. Anyone who has made it through those trouble spots is more than up to the rigors of reading about the Peloponnesian War, even if he doesn’t do so in Attic Greek. A harsh critic might complain about Warrior Politics’ lack of a rigorous analytical thread, but not about the absence of a strong central thesis. Kaplan is clear about his main point: we will face our current foreign policy crises better by going *Robert D.
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Ancient History
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The Battle of Salamis Curtis Kelly
Level 3 - 7 The Battle of Salamis Curtis Kelly Summary This book is about how the Battle of Salamis changed the course of history, both for Greece and the West. Contents Before Reading Think Ahead ........................................................... 2 Vocabulary .............................................................. 3 During Reading Comprehension ...................................................... 5 After Reading Think About It ........................................................ 8 Before Reading Think Ahead Look at the pictures and answer the questions. arrow warrior fleet oar sailor 1. How does a boat move in the water? 2. Who works on boats? 3. What was a weapon used during ancient war times? 4. Who fights in battles? 2 World History Readers Before Reading Vocabulary A Read and match. 1. a. army Did you eat the cake? 2. b. strait Yes! 3. c. hilltop 4. d. backwards 5. e. captain 6. f. flee 7. g. truth 8. h. smash The Battle of Salamis 3 Before Reading B Write the word for each definition. informer conquer invade brave victory 1. to attack a country to take its land 2. the act of winning a fight or competition 3. fearless or courageous; ready to face danger 4. to take control of a country or defeat people in a war 5. a person who gives information in secret C Choose the word that means about the same as the underlined words. 1. A large navy is very strong. a. brave b. truthful c. weak d. powerful 2. If the boat doesn’t turn now, it will hit the iceberg. a. throw b. catch c. ram d. fall 3. It is not very easy to trick the wise leader.
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Questions for Greek and Persian Wars by John R. Hale
www.YoYoBrain.com - Accelerators for Memory and Learning Questions for Greek and Persian Wars by John R. Hale Category: Cyrus - (4 questions) What was the religion of Persian empire Zoroastrian under Cyrus What was the Greek story about Cyrus's That his grandfather (king Astyages of boyhood Medes) had a dream where his grandson would engulf the world. The king ordered the infant (daughter's son) destroyed. This son grew up to conquer the Medes (father was Persian) What were provincial capitals called under satrapies Persian What capital did Cyrus create for Persia Pasargadae - a series of palaces dotted around a park (where our word paradise comes from) Category: Darius - (10 questions) What advice did Oracle at Delphi give King Go tell the king if he crosses the river, he will Creoesus about Cyrus destroy a great empire. What Greek led delegation to get support for Aristagoras - leader of Miletus Ionian rebellion against Persians in 500 BC went to both Sparta and Athens What did main land Greeks contribute to 20 ships from Athens Ionian rebellion 6 ships from Eretria What happened to cause mainland Greeks after burning Sardis, the Greeks were withdraw from Ionian rebellion from Persians counter attacked by Persians and Athenians barely escaped alive and decided to not deal with Ionians again How many ships did Persia bring to counter 600 Ionian rebellion What leader led the Ionian fleet against Dionysius - tried to drill Greeks but they Persia during Ionian rebellion rebelled and quit training What was the name of naval battle where
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Fighting the Persian Wars
CHAPTER 4 This painted pottery bowl portrays the defeat of a Persian soldier by a Greek soldier. Fighting the Persian Wars 28.1 Introduction In Chapter 27, you learned about two very different city-states, Athens and Sparta. Sometimes their differences led these city-states to distrust each other. But between 499 and 479 B.C.E., they had a common enemy—the Persian Empire. At the time, Persia was the largest empire the world had ever seen. Its powerful kings ruled over land in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. During the 400s B.C.E., the Persians invaded Greece, and the Persian wars began. To fight the Persians, the Greek city-states eventually banded together as allies. Allies are states that agree to help each other against a common enemy. Throughout history, soldiers have written home before bat- Persian soldier tle. We can image the kind of letter an Athenian might have written to his family. "The Greek soldier Persians are fierce fighters. But I will stand shoulder to shoulder with the brave men of Greece—Spartans as well as fellow Athenians—and fight to the death, if that is what it takes to stop these murderous invaders." The tiny Greek city-states had much less land and far fewer people than Persia. How could they possibly turn back the powerful invaders? In this chapter, you will learn about Use this graphic organizer to help you understand how the important battles during the Greek city-states banded together to fight the powerful Persian wars and discover who Persian Empire.
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The Persian Wars
The Persian Wars Section 1 — Introduction In the 400s B.C.E., the vast Persian Empire extended from the Middle East and northeastern Africa to modern-day Pakistan. The Persians wanted to claim Greece as well. In the 400s B.C.E., the vast Persian Empire extended from the Middle East and northeastern Africa to modern-day Pakistan. The Persians wanted to claim Greece as well. Athens and Sparta were two very different city-states in ancient Greece. Their differences sometimes led to a distrust of each other. But between 499 and 479 B.C.E., these city-states had a common enemy—the Persian Empire. At that time, Persia was the largest empire the world had ever seen. Its powerful kings ruled over lands in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. During the 400s B.C.E., the Persians invaded Greece, and the Persian wars began. To fight the Persians, the Greek city-states eventually joined together as allies. Allies are states that agree to help each other against a common enemy. Compared with Persia, these tiny Greek city-states had much less land and far fewer people. How could they possibly turn back such a powerful invader? In this chapter, you will learn about important battles during the Persian wars and discover who won them. You will also learn about the factors that influenced the outcome of the Persian wars. The Persian Wars Section 2 — The Persian Empire and the Ionian Revolt The Persians started out as a small group of nomads, in what is now Iran. They built a large empire by conquering neighbors.
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Year 5 History: Ancient Greek & Persian Wars The Persian Wars were a series of wars fought between the Persians and the Greeks from 492 BC to 449 BC. Who were the Persians? The Persian Empire was the largest and most powerful empire in the world at the time of the Persian Wars. They controlled land that stretched from Egypt all the way to India. Who were the Greeks? The Greeks were made up of a number of city-states, such as Sparta and Athens. Typically these city-states fought each other, but they united to fight against the Persians. Who were the Ionians? The Ionians were Greeks that lived along the coast of Turkey. They were conquered by the Persians. When the Ionians decided to revolt, they asked Athens and other Greek cities for help. The other Greek cities sent ships and weapons, but were quickly defeated. The Persians didn't like this and decided to conquer the rest of the Greek cities in order to keep them under control. First Invasion of Greece Darius I, King of Persia, decided he wanted to conquer the Greeks in 490 BC. He gathered a vast army of soldiers that outnumbered any army the Greeks could put together. They boarded the Persian fleet and headed to Greece. Battle of Marathon The Persian fleet landed at the Bay of Marathon, about 25 miles from the city of Athens. The Persians had a lot more soldiers, but they underestimated the fighting capability of the Greeks. The army of Athens defeated the Persian army killing around 6,000 Persians and only losing 192 Greeks.
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Ionian Revolt (499-494 BCE)
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Character List for Herodotus 7
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Persian Wars
Big Era Four Expanding Networks of Exchange and Encounter 1200 BCE – 500 CE Closeup Teaching Unit 4.4.2 Pressured by Persia: The Persian Empire 550 – 479 BCE Table of Contents Why this unit? 2 Unit objectives 2 Time and materials 2 Author 2 The historical context 3 This unit in the Big Era timeline 5 Lesson 1: The Persian Press 6 Lesson 2: The Second Persian War: A Series of Plays 12 Lesson 3: Geography of the Persian Wars 32 Lesson 4: Women of the Persian Empire 37 Assessment 47 This unit and the Three Essential Questions 48 This unit and the Seven Key Themes 48 This unit and the Standards in Historical Thinking 48 Resources 49 Correlations to National and State Standards 50 Conceptual links to other lessons 51 World History for Us All A project of San Diego State University In collaboration with the National Center for History in the Schools (UCLA) http://worldhistoryforusall.sdsu.edu/ World History for Us All Big Era 4 Closeup 4.4.2 Why this unit? The founding of the Persian empire began with the fall of the Babylonian empire. Cyrus the Great founded the Persian state after his conquest of Babylon. During the following years under emperors Cyrus, Darius, and Xerxes, Persia steadily expanded in both Southwest Asia and Egypt. Persia’s expansion influenced various societies of Afroeurasia, such as the Jews, Greeks, and northern Africans. In teaching this unit, teachers will be able to actively engage students in the story of Persia’s development, while also deepening their knowledge of Athens, Sparta, and the Persian Wars.
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The Persian Wars
The Persian Wars The Limits of Empire And the Birth of a Greek World View Median Empire • Cyaxares: – Attacks Lydia in 590 BC. – On 28 May 585 BC. the war ends. • Astyages (585-550 BC.) – Married Aryenis in 585 BC. – Gave Mandane to Cambyses I before 580 BC. – Deserted by his troops and defeated by his grandson, Cyrus, in 550 BC. Cyrus the Great • King of Anshan in 560 BC. • Attacked Media in 550 BC. • Defeated Croesus of Lydia in 547/6 BC. • Defeated Babylon in 539 BC. • Died in 530 BC. attacking the Massagetae The Persian Empire Cambyses • King of Babylon by 27 March, 538 BC. • Great King in Sept, 530. • Invaded Egypt in 525. • Cambyses was “not in his right mind, but mad” (Hdt.3.25). • Died accidentally in 522 BC. • Succeeded by Smerdis, March 522 • Smerdis killed September 522 BC Darius I • Two years of rebellions: consolidated power by 520 BC. • Reorganization into 20 satrapies • Invaded Scythia via Europe in 513 • Satrapy in Europe, Skudra (Thrace) • Construction of Persepolis • 507: Accepted ‘Earth and Water’ from Athens. Empire of Darius I Persia in the Aegean The Ionian Revolt • Aristagoras, Tyrant of Cyzicus and Miletus – Convinced Persians to invade Naxos – Four month siege failed in 499 – Aristagoras and Histiaeus launch revolt of the Ionians Ionian Revolt • Cleomenes refused to participate • Athens contributed 20 ships – “Perhaps it is easier to fool a crowd…” (Hdt. V.97). – Sardis sacked, the temple of Cybele burned. – Ionian army defeated near Ephesus – Athenian aid withdrawn – Aristagoras killed in Thrace Ionian Revolt Persian Response • 498 • Took Byzantium, Chalcedon, the Troad, Lamponium, Lemnos and Imbros – Defeated the Ionian army at Ephesus – Took Clazomenae and Cyme • 497-494 – Besieged Miletus and campaigned in that area • 494 BC.
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