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Picking the Vice President
Picking the Vice President Elaine C. Kamarck Brookings Institution Press Washington, D.C. Contents Introduction 4 1 The Balancing Model 6 The Vice Presidency as an “Arranged Marriage” 2 Breaking the Mold 14 From Arranged Marriages to Love Matches 3 The Partnership Model in Action 20 Al Gore Dick Cheney Joe Biden 4 Conclusion 33 Copyright 36 Introduction Throughout history, the vice president has been a pretty forlorn character, not unlike the fictional vice president Julia Louis-Dreyfus plays in the HBO seriesVEEP . In the first episode, Vice President Selina Meyer keeps asking her secretary whether the president has called. He hasn’t. She then walks into a U.S. senator’s office and asks of her old colleague, “What have I been missing here?” Without looking up from her computer, the senator responds, “Power.” Until recently, vice presidents were not very interesting nor was the relationship between presidents and their vice presidents very consequential—and for good reason. Historically, vice presidents have been understudies, have often been disliked or even despised by the president they served, and have been used by political parties, derided by journalists, and ridiculed by the public. The job of vice president has been so peripheral that VPs themselves have even made fun of the office. That’s because from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the last decade of the twentieth century, most vice presidents were chosen to “balance” the ticket. The balance in question could be geographic—a northern presidential candidate like John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts picked a southerner like Lyndon B. -
Woodrow Wilson's Conversion Experience: the President and the Federal Woman Suffrage Amendment Beth Behn University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected]
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Open Access Dissertations 2-2012 Woodrow Wilson's Conversion Experience: The President and the Federal Woman Suffrage Amendment Beth Behn University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Behn, Beth, "Woodrow Wilson's Conversion Experience: The rP esident and the Federal Woman Suffrage Amendment" (2012). Open Access Dissertations. 511. https://doi.org/10.7275/e43w-h021 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/511 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WOODROW WILSON’S CONVERSION EXPERIENCE: THE PRESIDENT AND THE FEDERAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT A Dissertation Presented by BETH A. BEHN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 2012 Department of History © Copyright by Beth A. Behn 2012 All Rights Reserved WOODROW WILSON’S CONVERSION EXPERIENCE: THE PRESIDENT AND THE FEDERAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT A Dissertation Presented by BETH A. BEHN Approved as to style and content by: _________________________________ Joyce Avrech Berkman, Chair _________________________________ Gerald Friedman, Member _________________________________ David Glassberg, Member _________________________________ Gerald McFarland, Member ________________________________________ Joye Bowman, Department Head Department of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would never have completed this dissertation without the generous support of a number of people. It is a privilege to finally be able to express my gratitude to many of them. -
Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson Fdr4freedoms 2
fdr4freedoms 1 Theodore Roosevelt, who was president from 1901 to 1909, 1. Franklin D. and Woodrow Wilson, who occupied the office from 1913 to 1921, inspired, guided, and taught Franklin D. Roosevelt. TR, a distant cousin some twenty-five years older than FDR, showed Roosevelt’s Models: him how a president could dominate the American political landscape and, through the force of his personality, redefine the presidency and America’s place in the world. Wilson’s Theodore Roosevelt regulation of corporate trusts, banks, and the money supply showed FDR how effective a president could be as legislator. FDR watched their triumphs and learned even more from their and Woodrow Wilson failures. These two leaders, more than anyone, helped shape FDR’s vision as president. FDR followed the examples of TR and Wilson because he shared their fundamental strengths and values. As historian Geoffrey Ward has noted, all three men possessed “an unfeigned love for people and politics, an ability to rally able men and women to their cause, and an unbounded optimism and self-confidence.” They all rejected the notion that “the A poster illustrating the 1912 presidential campaign, which mere making of money should be enough to satisfy any man featured Theodore Roosevelt (left) on the Progressive or any nation” and accepted “a sense of stewardship” of the ticket, Democratic candidate Woodrow Wilson (center), and incumbent William Howard Taft, a Republican. TR split the nation’s land and resources. Even more important, all three Republican vote and helped Wilson win election. As for the brought active, indeed transformative, leadership to the young New York state senator Franklin D. -
On the Road with President Woodrow Wilson by Richard F
On the Road with President Woodrow Wilson By Richard F. Weingroff Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................... 2 Woodrow Wilson – Bicyclist .................................................................................. 1 At Princeton ............................................................................................................ 5 Early Views on the Automobile ............................................................................ 12 Governor Wilson ................................................................................................... 15 The Atlantic City Speech ...................................................................................... 20 Post Roads ......................................................................................................... 20 Good Roads ....................................................................................................... 21 President-Elect Wilson Returns to Bermuda ........................................................ 30 Last Days as Governor .......................................................................................... 37 The Oath of Office ................................................................................................ 46 President Wilson’s Automobile Rides .................................................................. 50 Summer Vacation – 1913 ..................................................................................... -
Woodrow Wilson's Expansion of Presidential Power
Salve Regina University Digital Commons @ Salve Regina Pell Scholars and Senior Theses Salve's Dissertations and Theses 12-2010 Progressivism and the Executive Branch: Woodrow Wilson's Expansion of Presidential Power Christopher F. Fisher Salve Regina University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses Part of the American Politics Commons Fisher, Christopher F., "Progressivism and the Executive Branch: Woodrow Wilson's Expansion of Presidential Power" (2010). Pell Scholars and Senior Theses. 66. https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses/66 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Salve's Dissertations and Theses at Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pell Scholars and Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Progressivism and the Executive Branch: Woodrow Wilson’s Expansion of Presidential Power By Christopher F. Fisher Salve Regina University Fall 2010 POL400: Senior Thesis Fisher 2 Thesis: President Woodrow Wilson justified his expansion of presidential power as a necessary response to the moral, economic, and political crisis of industrial modernization that followed the Civil War. I. Introduction A. Significance of Problem B. Definition of Terms C. Statement of Thesis II. From the Founders’ Vision to Industrial Modernization A. The Founding and the Executive B. Social, Economic & Political Changes Following the American Civil War 1. Massive Immigration & Urbanization 2. Industrialization 3. Labor Unrest & the Rise of Radicalism III. Wilson & the Presidential Response to Crisis A. Wilson’s Identification of National Crisis 1. Corporate Injustice & Worker Exploitation 2. -
Jimmy Carter Jimmy
JIMMY CARTER Born in 1924 in Plains, Georgia, Jimmy Carter, the thirty-ninth president of the United States, studied science at the United States Naval Academy and helped develop the nuclear submarine. Eventually returning to Plains, where he became involved in community work, Carter became governor of Georgia in 1971. Carter was elected president of the United States in 1976, serving from 1977 to 1981. Among President Carter’s most successful accomplishments include the Camp David Accords – the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel; the Panama Canal Treaty; the SALT II Treaty between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, which decreased the number of nuclear weapons in each country; and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and the People’s Republic of China. In 1982, Carter and his wife Rosalyn established the Carter Center, in partnership with Emory University. The Center, which is guided by a fundamental commitment to human rights and the alleviation of human suffering, seeks to prevent and resolve conflicts, enhance freedom and democracy, and improve health. The author of seventeen books, President Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his work Foundation Peace of ©Architects Carter Jimmy with the Carter Center, making Carter the only former U.S. president to win the Nobel Peace “WAR MAY SOMETIMES BE A NECESSARY EVIL. BUT NO MATTER PrizeNTdSbWXc`bScXRS^dXN[dSb]Ͷ HOW NECESSARY, IT IS ALWAYS AN EVIL, NEVER A GOOD. WE WILL On July 18, 2007, Carter joined Nelson Mandela NOT LEARN HOW TO LIVE TOGETHER IN PEACE BY KILLING EACH in Johannesburg, South Africa, to announce OTHER’S CHILDREN.” his participation in The Elders, a group of independent global leaders who work together on peace and human rights issues. -
Governance and the American Presidency
8 GOVERNANCE AND THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY David M. Kennedy y subject is the American presidency. I will mention some specifi c Mpresidents, but my main concern is not with individual personal- ities. It is rather with the nature and attributes of the offi ce of the presi- dent: its place in American constitutional architecture, its operational functions in the machinery of American governance, and its relation to American political culture—in particular, the standing of the offi ce in the public’s eye and its relation to the organs of the media as they have evolved over the last two and one half centuries.1 A near perfect storm of converging forces, some with deep roots in past American experience, some born of more recent history, has con- verged to wallop the American political system with cyclonic energy in the fi rst years of the present century. Th ey include the changing methods of recruiting and electing candidates for offi ce, especially the presidency; the increasing scale, complexity, impersonality, and volatil- ity of a postindustrial economy and the chronically unmet need for instruments of governance with authority and agility commensurate Author’s note: Th is chapter builds on remarks delivered at an October 6, 2016, lecture to the Stanford University Political Science Department’s “Election 2016” course. 223 119106-Shultz_BeyondDisruption.indd9106-Shultz_BeyondDisruption.indd 223223 33/23/18/23/18 77:12:12 PMPM 224 David M. Kennedy with those attributes; the speed and phenomenal fragmentation of modern communication technologies; the decay of traditional institu- tions, public as well as private, conspicuously including political parties; and the intersection of the otherwise benign American values of free- dom of speech, freedom of choice, physical and social mobility, and homophily that has spawned a culture of distrust that pervades virtually every aspect of modern American life. -
Were Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt the True Architects of the United Nations?
Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Department of literary studies Were Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt the True Architects of the United Nations? Jens Vermeulen (01309561) Master of Arts in American Studies 2014-2015 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ken Kennard Table of Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Vision of Peace and Prosperity ........................................................................................................ 6 Negotiations and Results ................................................................................................................ 19 The Creation of the United Nations: The San Francisco Conference ............................................ 34 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 38 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 41 1 Introduction The United Nations (UN) was founded after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security. Besides collective security, it is also an environment where countries meet and develop friendly relationships. It promotes social progress and advocates for better living standards and human rights. The UN has four main purposes: to keep the peace throughout the world; to develop friendly relations -
Republican Conventions, Tickets Since 1860
THE STATES Democratic Conventions And Tickets Since 1832 Tennessee 91 Delegates (9 are superdelegates) This week’s gathering in Charlotte is only the fifth time the Democrats Delegation headquarters: Courtyard by Marriott University have held their convention in the South. The other four weren’t auspi- 333 W. W.T. Harris Blvd., Charlotte, 704-549-4888 cious for the party. In 1860, the convention couldn’t even nominate a candidate and the Republicans won the White House all four times. President Senate Year Host city Nominee for Nominee for (11 electoral votes) SAFE REPUBLICAN president vice president Romney favored Mark Clayton, D 1832 Baltimore Andrew Jackson Martin Van Buren 2008 results: McCain 57%, Obama 42% vs. Bob Corker, R 1835 Baltimore Martin Van Buren Richard M. Johnson 1840 Baltimore Martin Van Buren (none nominated) House (9 seats) 1844 Baltimore James K. Polk George M. Dallas Democrat Republican 1848 Baltimore Lewis Cass William O. Butler 1852 Baltimore Franklin Pierce William R. King Safe (2) Safe (7) 1856 Cincinnati James Buchanan John C. Breckinridge 1860 Charleston Deadlocked 1860 Baltimore Stephen A. Douglas Benjamin Fitzpatrick Tennessee Democrats, who have fought long and hard to prevent Herschel V. Johnson1 Republican gains, have lost steam but seem to be holding on for now. 1864 Chicago George B. McClellan George H. Pendleton The governorship, both Senate seats and seven of the state’s nine 1868 New York Horatio Seymour Francis P. Blair House seats are held by Republicans. Democrats lost three of their five 1872 Baltimore Horace Greeley Benjamin G. Brown House members in the 2010 midterm election, but the current two Tennessee House Democrats, Reps. -
Political Parties and Presidential Ambition
CHAPTER1 Political Parties and Presidential Ambition James W. Ceaser A ccording to political scientists of the last generation, party competition was an essential feature of any form of popular government. How dismayed they would be, therefore, to learn from contemporary students of American politics that our parties are “decomposing” and that our national electoral process is increasingly taking on the characteristics of nonpartisan competition. While the labels of the two traditional parties continue to exist, the institutions bear- ing these labels have lost many of their previous functions. Parties no longer structure the voting behavior of large numbers of citizens. They have ceased to play a major role in constraining presidential decision-making, and presidents now place little reliance on them in their efforts to generate public support for policy initiatives. Perhaps most important of all, party organizations have lost their influence in determining the outcome of presidential nominations. Under the “open” nominating process that has emerged since 1968, the races have for all practical purposes become plebiscitary contests among the indi- vidual contenders. Candidates create large personal campaign organizations and devise their own programs and electoral strategies, very much as if they were establishing national parties of their own. These personalistic features of the nomination contests continue into the final election stage, as the parties be- come the extensions of the organizations of the victorious nominees. Journal of Politics 40 (August 1978): 708–39, reprinted with permission from Blackwell Publish- ing. James W. Ceaser teaches in the Department of Government and Foreign Affairs at the Uni- versity of Virginia and has authored or coauthored numerous books on presidential selection and American politics. -
The Governors Who Became President: Brief Biographies David J
Center on the American Governor, Eagleton Institute of Politics, Rutgers University http://governors.rutgers.edu/ ___________________________________________________________________________________ The Governors Who Became President: Brief Biographies David J. Andersen Center on the American Governor Thomas Jefferson ..................................... 2 James Monroe .......................................... 4 Martin Van Buren ...................................... 6 John Tyler ................................................. 8 James Polk .............................................. 10 Andrew Jackson ...................................... 12 Rutherford B. Hayes ................................ 15 Grover Cleveland .................................... 17 William McKinley ....................................... 19 Theodore Roosevelt ................................. 22 Woodrow Wilson ...................................... 26 Calvin Coolidge ........................................ 29 Franklin Delano Roosevelt ...................... 32 Jimmy Carter ........................................... 36 Ronald Reagan ....................................... 39 Bill Clinton ............................................... 42 George W. Bush ...................................... 45 Thomas Jefferson Governor of President of the Virginia United States (1779-1781) (1801-1808) Thomas Jefferson was one of the intellectual leaders during the founding period and left his mark on most of the major events that created America. Jefferson’s career included -
Wilson, Past and Present the Neoconservatives Turned Woodrow Wilson Into Something He Was Not
TRYGVE THRONTVEIT Wilson, Past and Present The neoconservatives turned Woodrow Wilson into something he was not. In truth, Obama is more like him than Bush ever was. WOODROW WILSON: A BIOGRAPHY By John Milton Cooper, Jr. • Knopf 2009 • 720 pages • $35 “ he minute I stop changing my mind as President, with the change ofT all the circumstances in the world, I will be a back number.” These are not the words of the Woodrow Wilson most of us know: unflinching idealist, narrow moralist, stubborn racist. But as John Milton Cooper Jr. demonstrates in his biography of the 28th president, they are words to take seriously if we want to understand the ideas, achievements, errors, and impact of a man whose story is too often treated as old news, even as his foreign policy legacy is taken up by liberals and conservatives alike today. Indeed, Woodrow Wilson should relegate most previous efforts to back- number status themselves. Debate over Wilson’s practical fidelity to his creed will persist, but his ideal of statesmanship as informed adjustment rather than rigid resistance to change, and his genuine commitment to it, will be harder to dispute after reading Cooper’s deeply researched book. Moreover, the appeal trygve throntveit is a lecturer on history and assistant director of undergraduate studies in history at Harvard University. DEMOCRACYJOURNAL.ORG 99 TRYGVE THRONTVEIT of Wilson’s pragmatic idealism in his day, and its divergence from the so-called “Wilsonian” policies pursued and proscribed by ideologues ever since, will interest anyone pondering a new president’s efforts to shift American policy— and political culture—in a more deliberative, even humble, yet fundamentally idealistic direction.