DOCSLIB.ORG

Proquest Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proquest Dissertations An ethnographic perspective on prehistoric platform mounds of the Tonto Basin, Central Arizona Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Elson, Mark David, 1955- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 00:20:59 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290644 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfihn master. UMI fihns the text directly from the orighud or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter fiice, \^e others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, b^inning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information ConqKuq^ 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Aibor MI 48I06-I346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 AN ETHNOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE ON PREHISTORIC PLATFORM MOUNDS OF THE TONTO BASIN, CENTRAL ARIZONA by Mark David Elson Copyright © Mark David Elson 1996 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 9 6 UMI Number: 9720560 Copyright 1996 by Elson, Mark David All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9720560 Copyright 1997, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Artrar, MI 48103 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ® GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Mark David Elson entitled An Ethnographic Perspective on Prehistoric Platform Mounds of the Tonto Basin, Central Arizona and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Q MaJ^ If. ?• ff- Barbara J. Mills Date ^ E. Charles Adams Date / Date // Alxc^Schlegel ^ ^^ -4 Datiuace .• / Thomas E. Sheridan Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. " //. f (o Dissertation Director Barbara J. Mills Date 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I have worked in the Tonto Basin since 1981 and on a more-or-less continuous basis since 1988. There are, therefore, a great number of people who have contributed, both directly and indirectly, to this research, many of whom I cannot name in the one page allotted for acknowledgments. The research presented here is directly based on work undertaken by Desert Archaeology, Inc., on the Roosevelt Community Development Study (RCD). I would first like to thank William Doelle, president of Desert Archaeology, for his logistical, technical, and intellectual support during the year's leave I took to complete this dissertation. I have worked with Bill for 12 years now and have leamed much about Southwestern archaeology from him. I would also like to thank other members of Desert Archaeology's RCD research team: Jeffery Clark, Douglas Craig, David Gregory, James Heidke, Miriam Stark, Deborah Swartz, and Henry Wallace. Spirited discussion with all of these members, but particularly with David Gregory and Miriam Stark, very much influenced the nature of this research. Various other Desert Archaeology personnel were instrumental in the RCD research and completion of this dissertation. These include Jenny Adams, Elizabeth Black, Donna Breckenridge, Lisa Eppley, Othelia (OT) Kiser, and Lisa Piper. Drafting of volume figures was skillfully undertaken by a number of people, including Ron Beckwith, Chip Colwell, Elizabet Gray, and Jim Holmlund (Geo- Map, Inc). Ziba Ghassemi provided the excellent reconstructions shown in Chapter 5. I would also like to thank the 40-member RCD field crew and staff. This group, although too numerous to name individually, spent a year living and working together in the Tonto Basin and are to be commended for recovering an excellent data base, one that will be used for many years to come. The RCD project was undertaken for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation on Tonto National Forest land. I would like to thank Bureau and Forest archaeologists Thomas Lincoln and J. Scott Wood for their support during the course of the project. Discussions and arguments with Scott Wood over the years have been particularly helpful in my understanding of Tonto Basin prehistory. My dissertation committee was composed of archaeologists Barbara Mills (chair), Charles Adams, and Jeffrey Dean, and culmral anthropologists Alice Schlegel and Thomas Sheridan. Discussions and comments fi-om all of these members contributed enormously to this research. Working with this committee was truly a pleasure. A number of other people provided discussion and support during this process. These include James Bayman, Trinkle Jones, Owen Lindauer, Axel Nielsen, Helga Teiwes, and William Walker. I would particularly like to thank Bill Walker for suggesting that I use ethnographic data to investigate prehistoric platform mounds. I would also like to thank Laura Stuckey for her help (and wide-ranging discussion), and for her knowledge of all the regulations that one must navigate to complete this process. Finally, I would like to thank my wife and fellow archaeologist Deborah Swartz for her love and monumental support throughout this process (and our cats Gus and Ziggy for their daily company). I trust Debbie's judgement implicitiy, and she was a major sounding board for much of what is presented here, as well as a safe haven in the storm. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 8 LIST OF TABLES 10 ABSTRACT II CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 12 Platform Mounds in the American Southwest 21 Outline of Study 26 Endnotes 28 CHAPTER 2: THE HISTORY OF PLATFORM MOUND RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST 29 The Early Years: Bandelier, Cushing, and Fewkes 29 The Early-to-Mid 20th Century: Haury, Hayden, and the Salado 32 The 1970s: Doyel and the Escalante Ruin 36 The 1980s: Gregory and Las Colinas 39 The 1980s-1990s: The Northern Tucson Basin and Picacho Areas 43 The Brady Wash Platform Mound 44 The Marana Platform Mound 47 The 1990s: The Tonto Basin 52 A Summary of Southwestern Platform Mound Function 60 The Question of Social Complexity 64 Conclusion 69 Endnotes 69 CHAPTER 3: ETHNOGRAPHIC AND ETHNOHISTORIC DATA 70 Methods Used in Analysis 72 The Pacific Ocean Region (Oceania) 79 Ifaluk Island 81 Yap Islands 86 Tikopia Island 95 Samoa Islands 100 Marquesa Islands 112 The Mapuche of South America 127 The Southeastern United States 141 Choctaw 152 Chitimacha 158 Natchez 162 Conclusion 173 Endnotes 173 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued CHAPTER 4: ETHNOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES OF PLATFORM MOUND-USING GROUPS 175 Platfonn Mound Function and Construction 178 Environment and Economy 185 Population Size 190 Social and Political Organization 191 Religious Practices 196 Conclusion 198 CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENT AND PREHISTORY OF THE TONTO BASIN WITH A FOCUS ON THE EASTERN TONTO BASIN 202 Environment 205 Models of Tonto Basin Platform Mound Use 211 Tonto Basin Irrigation Districts or Local Systems 221 The Eastern Tonto Basin 223 Developmental History of the Eastern Tonto Basin 229 The Roosevelt Phase in the Eastern Tonto Basin 233 Pyramid Point Site (AZ V:5:l/25) 237 Meddler Point Site (AZ V:5:4/26) 242 Griffin Wash Site (AZ V:5:90/96) 245 Livingston (Pillar) Site (AZ V:5:76/700) 248 Pinto Point Site (AZ V:5:66/15a) 252 Schoolhouse Point Site (AZ U:8:24/13a) 255 Models of Platform Mound Use in the Eastern Tonto Basin 258 Summary and Conclusion 261 Endnotes 262 CHAPTER 6: MODELING
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cherokee Ethnogenesis in Southwestern North Carolina
    The following chapter is from: The Archaeology of North Carolina: Three Archaeological Symposia Charles R. Ewen – Co-Editor Thomas R. Whyte – Co-Editor R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr. – Co-Editor North Carolina Archaeological Council Publication Number 30 2011 Available online at: http://www.rla.unc.edu/NCAC/Publications/NCAC30/index.html CHEROKEE ETHNOGENESIS IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH CAROLINA Christopher B. Rodning Dozens of Cherokee towns dotted the river valleys of the Appalachian Summit province in southwestern North Carolina during the eighteenth century (Figure 16-1; Dickens 1967, 1978, 1979; Perdue 1998; Persico 1979; Shumate et al. 2005; Smith 1979). What developments led to the formation of these Cherokee towns? Of course, native people had been living in the Appalachian Summit for thousands of years, through the Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippi periods (Dickens 1976; Keel 1976; Purrington 1983; Ward and Davis 1999). What are the archaeological correlates of Cherokee culture, when are they visible archaeologically, and what can archaeology contribute to knowledge of the origins and development of Cherokee culture in southwestern North Carolina? Archaeologists, myself included, have often focused on the characteristics of pottery and other artifacts as clues about the development of Cherokee culture, which is a valid approach, but not the only approach (Dickens 1978, 1979, 1986; Hally 1986; Riggs and Rodning 2002; Rodning 2008; Schroedl 1986a; Wilson and Rodning 2002). In this paper (see also Rodning 2009a, 2010a, 2011b), I focus on the development of Cherokee towns and townhouses. Given the significance of towns and town affiliations to Cherokee identity and landscape during the 1700s (Boulware 2011; Chambers 2010; Smith 1979), I suggest that tracing the development of towns and townhouses helps us understand Cherokee ethnogenesis, more generally.
    [Show full text]
  • A Many-Storied Place
    A Many-storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator Midwest Region National Park Service Omaha, Nebraska 2017 A Many-Storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator 2017 Recommended: {){ Superintendent, Arkansas Post AihV'j Concurred: Associate Regional Director, Cultural Resources, Midwest Region Date Approved: Date Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set. Proverbs 22:28 Words spoken by Regional Director Elbert Cox Arkansas Post National Memorial dedication June 23, 1964 Table of Contents List of Figures vii Introduction 1 1 – Geography and the River 4 2 – The Site in Antiquity and Quapaw Ethnogenesis 38 3 – A French and Spanish Outpost in Colonial America 72 4 – Osotouy and the Changing Native World 115 5 – Arkansas Post from the Louisiana Purchase to the Trail of Tears 141 6 – The River Port from Arkansas Statehood to the Civil War 179 7 – The Village and Environs from Reconstruction to Recent Times 209 Conclusion 237 Appendices 241 1 – Cultural Resource Base Map: Eight exhibits from the Memorial Unit CLR (a) Pre-1673 / Pre-Contact Period Contributing Features (b) 1673-1803 / Colonial and Revolutionary Period Contributing Features (c) 1804-1855 / Settlement and Early Statehood Period Contributing Features (d) 1856-1865 / Civil War Period Contributing Features (e) 1866-1928 / Late 19th and Early 20th Century Period Contributing Features (f) 1929-1963 / Early 20th Century Period
    [Show full text]
  • Late Mississippian Ceramic Production on St
    LATE MISSISSIPPIAN CERAMIC PRODUCTION ON ST. CATHERINES ISLAND, GEORGIA Anna M. Semon A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology. Chapel Hill 2019 Approved by: Vincas P. Steponaitis C. Margaret Scarry R. P. Stephen Davis Anna Agbe-Davis John Scarry © 2019 Anna M. Semon ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Anna M. Semon: Late Mississippian Ceramic Production on St. Catherines Island, Georgia (Under the direction of Vincas P. Steponaitis) This dissertation examines Late Mississippian pottery manufacturing on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. Data collected from five ceramic assemblages, three village and two mortuary sites, were used to characterize each ceramic assemblage and examine small-scale ceramic variations associated with learning and making pottery, which reflect pottery communities of practice. In addition, I examined pottery decorations to investigate social interactions at community and household levels. This dissertation is organized in six chapters. Chapter 1 provides the background, theoretical framework, and objectives of this research. Chapter 2 describes coastal Georgia’s culture history, with focus on the Mississippian period. Chapters 3 and 4 present the methods and results of this study. I use both ceramic typology and attribute analyses to explore ceramic variation. Chapter 3 provides details about the ceramic typology for each site. In addition, I examine the Mississippian surface treatments for each assemblage and identified ceramic changes between middle Irene (A.D. 1350–1450), late Irene (A.D. 1450–1580), and early Mission (A.D. 1580–1600) period.
    [Show full text]
  • Further Investigations Into the King George
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2010 Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22) Harry Gene Brignac Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Brignac Jr, Harry Gene, "Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22)" (2010). LSU Master's Theses. 2720. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2720 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE KING GEORGE ISLAND MOUNDS SITE (16LV22) A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of Geography and Anthropology By Harry Gene Brignac Jr. B.A. Louisiana State University, 2003 May, 2010 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to give thanks to God for surrounding me with the people in my life who have guided and supported me in this and all of my endeavors. I have to express my greatest appreciation to Dr. Rebecca Saunders for her professional guidance during this entire process, and for her inspiration and constant motivation for me to become the best archaeologist I can be.
    [Show full text]
  • Pierce Mounds Complex an Ancient Capital in Northwest Florida
    Pierce Mounds Complex An Ancient Capital in Northwest Florida Nancy Marie White Department of Anthropology University of South Florida, Tampa [email protected] Final Report to George J. Mahr, Apalachicola, Florida December 2013 ii ABSTRACT The Pierce site (8Fr14), near the mouth of the Apalachicola River in Franklin County, northwest Florida, was a major prehistoric mound center during the late Early and Middle Woodland (about A.D. 200-700) and Mississippian (about A.D. 1000-1500) periods. People lived there probably continuously during at least the last 2000 years (until right before the European invasion of Florida in the sixteenth century) and took advantage of the strategic location commanding the river and bay, as well as the abundant terrestrial and aquatic resources. Besides constructing several mounds for burial of the dead and probably support of important structures, native peoples left long midden (refuse) ridges of shells, animal bones, artifacts and blackened sandy soils, which built up a large and very significant archaeological site. Early Europeans and Americans who settled in the town of Apalachicola recognized the archaeological importance of Pierce and collected artifacts. But since the site and its spectacular findings were published by C.B. Moore in 1902, much information has been lost or misunderstood. Recent investigations by the University of South Florida were commissioned by the property owner to research and evaluate the significance of the site. There is evidence for an Early Woodland (Deptford) occupation and mound building, possibly as early as A.D. 200. Seven of the mounds form an oval, with the Middle Woodland burial mounds on the west side.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Affiliation Statement for Buffalo National River
    CULTURAL AFFILIATION STATEMENT BUFFALO NATIONAL RIVER, ARKANSAS Final Report Prepared by María Nieves Zedeño Nicholas Laluk Prepared for National Park Service Midwest Region Under Contract Agreement CA 1248-00-02 Task Agreement J6068050087 UAZ-176 Bureau of Applied Research In Anthropology The University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85711 June 1, 2008 Table of Contents and Figures Summary of Findings...........................................................................................................2 Chapter One: Study Overview.............................................................................................5 Chapter Two: Cultural History of Buffalo National River ................................................15 Chapter Three: Protohistoric Ethnic Groups......................................................................41 Chapter Four: The Aboriginal Group ................................................................................64 Chapter Five: Emigrant Tribes...........................................................................................93 References Cited ..............................................................................................................109 Selected Annotations .......................................................................................................137 Figure 1. Buffalo National River, Arkansas ........................................................................6 Figure 2. Sixteenth Century Polities and Ethnic Groups (after Sabo 2001) ......................47
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Athens, Georgia
    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 ATHENS, GEORGIA BULLETIN 59 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Meeting Organizer: Edited by: Hosted by: Cover: © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN……………………………………………………...……………………..…... PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………….…..……. LIST OF DONORS……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..……. SPECIAL THANKS………………………………………………………………………………………….….....……….. SEAC AT A GLANCE……………………………………………………………………………………….……….....…. GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE…………………….……………………..…………... PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26…………………………………………………………………………..……. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27……………………………………………………………………………...…...13 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28TH……………………………………………………………….……………....…..21 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29TH…………………………………………………………….…………....…...28 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION ENTRIES…………………………………………………………………..………. ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIA AND PANELS……………………………………………………………..…………….. ABSTRACTS OF WORKSHOPS…………………………………………………………………………...…………….. ABSTRACTS OF SEAC STUDENT AFFAIRS LUNCHEON……………………………………………..…..……….. SEAC LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS FOR 2016…………………….……………….…….…………………. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 ConferenceRooms CLASSIC CENTERFLOOR PLAN 6 73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia EVENT LOCATIONS Baldwin Hall Baldwin Hall 7 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin
    [Show full text]
  • Gila Topminnow Revised Recovery Plan December 1998
    GILA TOPMINNOW, Poeciliopsis occidentalis occidentalis, REVISED RECOVERY PLAN (Original Approval: March 15, 1984) Prepared by David A. Weedman Arizona Game and Fish Department Phoenix, Arizona for Region 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico December 1998 Approved: Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Date: Gila Topminnow Revised Recovery Plan December 1998 DISCLAIMER Recovery plans delineate reasonable actions required to recover and protect the species. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) prepares the plans, sometimes with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State and Federal Agencies, and others. Objectives are attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Time and costs provided for individual tasks are estimates only, and not to be taken as actual or budgeted expenditures. Recovery plans do not necessarily represent the views nor official positions or approval of any persons or agencies involved in the plan formulation, other than the Service. They represent the official position of the Service only after they have been signed by the Regional Director or Director as approved. Approved recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks. ii Gila Topminnow Revised Recovery Plan December 1998 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Original preparation of the revised Gila topminnow Recovery Plan (1994) was done by Francisco J. Abarca 1, Brian E. Bagley, Dean A. Hendrickson 1 and Jeffrey R. Simms 1. That document was modified to this current version and the work conducted by those individuals is greatly appreciated and now acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Hohokam Legacy: Desert Canals (Pueblo Grande Museum Profiles No
    Hohokam Legacy: Desert Canals (Pueblo Grande Museum Profiles No. 12) Jerry B. Howard Introduction Visitors to the Salt River Valley are often surprised to discover a fertile agricultural region flourishing in the arid Arizona desert. However, these modern agricultural achievements are not without precedent. From A.D. 600 to 1450, the prehistoric Hohokam constructed one of the largest and most sophisticated irrigation networks ever created using preindustrial technology. By A.D. 1200, hundreds of miles of these waterways created green paths winding out from the Salt and Gila Rivers, dotted with large platform mounds (see Illustrations 1 and 2). The remains of the ancient canals, lying beneath the streets of metropolitan Phoenix, are currently receiving greater attention from local archaeologists. We are only now beginning to understand the engineering, growth, and operation of the Hohokam irrigation systems. This information provides new insights into the Hohokam lifestyles and the organization of Hohokam society. Illustration 1. Extensive Canal System built by the Hohokam and others to divert water from the Gila River. (Source: Salt River Project) 1 www.waterhistory.org Hohokam Legacy: Desert Canals Illustration 2. Extensive Canal System built by the Hohokam to divert water from the Gila River. (Source: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association) Early Records of the Prehistoric Canals When the first explorers, trappers, and farmers entered the Salt River Valley, they were quick to note the impres- sive ruins left by the Hohokam. Villages containing platform mounds, elliptical ballcourts and trash mounds covered with broken ceramic pots and other artifacts existed throughout the valley. Stretching out from the river was a vast system of abandoned Hohokam canals that ran from site to site across the valley floor.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Fish Restoration in Redrock Canyon
    U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Final Environmental Assessment Phoenix Area Office NATIVE FISH RESTORATION IN REDROCK CANYON U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southwestern Region Coronado National Forest Santa Cruz County, Arizona June 2008 Bureau of Reclamation Finding of No Significant Impact U.S. Forest Service Finding of No Significant Impact Decision Notice INTRODUCTION In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (Public Law 91-190, as amended), the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), as the lead Federal agency, and the Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), and Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD), as cooperating agencies, have issued the attached final environmental assessment (EA) to disclose the potential environmental impacts resulting from construction of a fish barrier, removal of nonnative fishes with the piscicide antimycin A and/or rotenone, and restoration of native fishes and amphibians in Redrock Canyon on the Coronado National Forest (CNF). The Proposed Action is intended to improve the recovery status of federally listed fish and amphibians (Gila chub, Gila topminnow, Chiricahua leopard frog, and Sonora tiger salamander) and maintain a healthy native fishery in Redrock Canyon consistent with the CNF Plan and ongoing Endangered Species Act (ESA), Section 7(a)(2), consultation between Reclamation and the FWS. BACKGROUND The Proposed Action is part of a larger program being implemented by Reclamation to construct a series of fish barriers within the Gila River Basin to prevent the invasion of nonnative fishes into high-priority streams occupied by imperiled native fishes. This program is mandated by a FWS biological opinion on impacts of Central Arizona Project (CAP) water transfers to the Gila River Basin (FWS 2008a).
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix a Assessment Units
    APPENDIX A ASSESSMENT UNITS SURFACE WATER REACH DESCRIPTION REACH/LAKE NUM WATERSHED Agua Fria River 341853.9 / 1120358.6 - 341804.8 / 15070102-023 Middle Gila 1120319.2 Agua Fria River State Route 169 - Yarber Wash 15070102-031B Middle Gila Alamo 15030204-0040A Bill Williams Alum Gulch Headwaters - 312820/1104351 15050301-561A Santa Cruz Alum Gulch 312820 / 1104351 - 312917 / 1104425 15050301-561B Santa Cruz Alum Gulch 312917 / 1104425 - Sonoita Creek 15050301-561C Santa Cruz Alvord Park Lake 15060106B-0050 Middle Gila American Gulch Headwaters - No. Gila Co. WWTP 15060203-448A Verde River American Gulch No. Gila County WWTP - East Verde River 15060203-448B Verde River Apache Lake 15060106A-0070 Salt River Aravaipa Creek Aravaipa Cyn Wilderness - San Pedro River 15050203-004C San Pedro Aravaipa Creek Stowe Gulch - end Aravaipa C 15050203-004B San Pedro Arivaca Cienega 15050304-0001 Santa Cruz Arivaca Creek Headwaters - Puertocito/Alta Wash 15050304-008 Santa Cruz Arivaca Lake 15050304-0080 Santa Cruz Arnett Creek Headwaters - Queen Creek 15050100-1818 Middle Gila Arrastra Creek Headwaters - Turkey Creek 15070102-848 Middle Gila Ashurst Lake 15020015-0090 Little Colorado Aspen Creek Headwaters - Granite Creek 15060202-769 Verde River Babbit Spring Wash Headwaters - Upper Lake Mary 15020015-210 Little Colorado Babocomari River Banning Creek - San Pedro River 15050202-004 San Pedro Bannon Creek Headwaters - Granite Creek 15060202-774 Verde River Barbershop Canyon Creek Headwaters - East Clear Creek 15020008-537 Little Colorado Bartlett Lake 15060203-0110 Verde River Bear Canyon Lake 15020008-0130 Little Colorado Bear Creek Headwaters - Turkey Creek 15070102-046 Middle Gila Bear Wallow Creek N. and S. Forks Bear Wallow - Indian Res.
    [Show full text]
  • Southwestern M O N U M E N
    SOUTHWESTERN MONUMENTS MONTHLY REPORT OCTOBER - - - - 1938 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE SOUTHWESTERN MONUMENTS OCTOBER, 1338, REPORT INDEX OPENING, by Superintendent Frank Pinkley, 27,1 CONDENSED GENERAL REPORT Travel ........... ,277 400 Flora, Fauna, and Natural 000 General. -278 Fhenomena. .280 100 Administrative . , . .278 500 Tse of Facilities by Public,280 200 Maintenance, Improvements, 600 Protection 281 and New Construction . .279 700 Archeology, Fist. ,Pre-Hist... 281 300 Activities Other .Agencies,279 900 Miscellaneous. ...... 282 RETORTS FPOM KEN IN THE FIE'D Arches .£34 Gran Ouivi'-a. ......... .294 Aztec Ruins ......... -.284 Hove:.weep 286 Bandelier .... ...... ..297 Mobile Unit .......... .336 Bandelier CCC ..... .299 Montezuma Jastle. ........ ,305 Bandelier Forestry. , .300 Natural Fridges ........ .320 Canyon de Chelly. ...... .318 • Navajo .312 Capulin Mountain. ...... ,319 pipe Spring 292 Casa Grande .......... -308 Saguaro ............ .237 Casa Grande Side Camp .... .310 Sunset Crater ......... .291 Chaco Canyon. ........ .302 Tumacacori. .......... .312 Chiricahua. ......... .295 -Yalnut Canyon ......... .301 Chiricahua CCC. ....... .296 White Sands .......... .283 El Morrc. .......... .315 Wupatki 289 HEADQUARTERS Aztec Ruins Visitor Statistics.333 Casa Grande Visitor Statistics. .331 Branch of Accounting. .... .339 Comparative Visitor Figures . .329 Branch of Education ..... .324 October Visitors to S.W.M 334 Branch of Maintenance .... :323 Personnel Notes 340 THE SUPPLEMENT Beaver Habitat at Bandelier, By W. B. McDcugall ..... .351 Geology Notes on the Montezuma Castle Region, by E..C. Alberts. .353 Geology Report on the Hovenweep National Monument, by C. N. Gould . .357 Moisture Retention of Cacti,'by David J.'Jones 353 Ruminations, by The Boss. '.'•'. .361 Supplemental Observations, from the- Field ........ .344 , SOUTHWESTERN MONUMENTS PERSONNEL HEADQUARTERS: National Park Service, Coolidge, Arizona. Frank Pinkley, Superintendent; Hugh M.
    [Show full text]