North America Group Names Copy

North America Group Names copy

North America Group Names Region Federation, Cultural Affiliation, or Group Name Group Name Band Name Local Community Name Country or Countries Geographic Location(s) Appropriate Synonyms Inappropriate Synonyms Related Groups Corresponding Database Term Notes United States of America Canada NE, NE DO NOT USE - This appears to be a term used only in relation to Archaeological material from the Eastern section of the United States of America - including the Southern areas. It does not refer to any one period or culture. A separate database for Archaeological Periods should be created and the appropriate information - drawing on Indigenous input where possible - recorded there. United States of America Plains SW, Plains SW DO NOT USE - This appears to be a term used only in relation to Archaeological material from Texas and Arizona in the United States of America. It does not refer to any one period or culture. A separate database for Archaeological Periods should be created and the appropriate information - drawing on Indigenous input where possible - recorded there. United States of America SE, SE DO NOT USE - This appears to be a term used only in relation to Archaeological material from the South and Eastern section of the United States of America. It does not refer to any one period or culture. A separate database for Archaeological Periods should be created and the appropriate information - drawing on Indigenous input where possible - recorded there.

United States of America SW, SW [with 'A' in A/E] DO NOT USE - This appears to be a term used only in relation to Archaeological material from the geographic South West section of the United States of America. It does not refer to any one period or culture. A separate database for Archaeological Periods should be created and the appropriate information - drawing on Indigenous input where possible - recorded there. United States of America SW, SW [with 'A' in A/E] Mogollon DO NOT USE - This is an archaeological term. A separate database for Archaeological Periods should be created and the appropriate information - drawing on Indigenous input where possible - recorded there.

Arctic Inupiaq Bering Strait Inupiat United States of America Alaska Kinugumiut, Kingigumute, Inyupik, Interior North Alaska Inupiat, North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Kotzebue Inuit-Bering Strait Only use if definite provenance can be determined; if not please use Inupiaq. Sound Inupiat, Uummarmiut Inuvialuit,

Arctic Inupiaq Interior North Alaska Inupiat United States of America Alaska North Nunamiut, Nunatamiut, Nuntaagmiut, Inyupik, Bering Strait Inupiat , North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Kotzebue Sound Inupiat, Uummarmiut Inuvialuit,

Arctic Inupiaq Kauweramiut United States of America Alaska Qawiaramiut, Kaviagmiut, Inyupik, Interior North Alaska Inupiat, North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Bering Strait Inupiat, Uummarmiut Inuvialuit, Kotzebue Sound Inupiat,

Arctic Inupiaq Kotzebue Sound Inupiat United States of America Alaska Kotzebue Sound Malimiut, Mahlemute, Northern Alaska Iñupiaq, Inyupik, Interior North Alaska Inupiat, North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Bering Strait Kotzebue Sound Only use if definite provenance can be determined; if not please use Inupiaq. Inupiat, Uummarmiut Inuvialuit,

Arctic Inupiaq Nunamiut United States of America Alaska Nunatagmiut, Nunataagmiut, Interior North Alaska Inupiat, North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Bering Strait *These are Nunamuit Peoples who migrated to Canada from Alaska around 1910. They are now Inupiat, Kotzebue Sound Inupiat, Uummarmiut Inuvialuit*, known as Uummarmiut Inuvialuit. They are People who share the Inupiaq language of other Peoples of Alaska, but are separate.

Arctic Unangan Kanaagin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Kodiak IslandUnangax, Aleut, Pacific Eskimos, Kodiak Island Alutiit, Alutiiq, Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Aglurmiut United States of America Alaska Bristol Bay Yup'ik, Agolegmyut, Aglegmiut, Aglyogmyut, Aglekhmut, Glakmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Aglurmiut, which is acceptable. Uglekhmut, Ogulmut, Aglimut, Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Maarmiut United States of America Alaska Yup'ik, Mararmiut, Marayarmiut, Magemiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Maarmiut, which is acceptable. Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Qaluyaarmiut United States of America Alaska Yup'ik, Kaialigamiut, Kayaligmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Kayaligmiut, which is acceptable, but this term is preferable. Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Tuyuryarmiut United States of America Alaska Yup'ik, Togiagamiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Tuyuryarmiut, which is acceptable. Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Eskimo / Arctic Indians United States of America Alaska Arctic Indians (Eskimo), Inuit, Aluet, Esquimaux, Eskimo Inuit ONLY USE ESKIMO WHEN REFERRING TO THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF ALASKA, NEVER TO THE ARCTIC PEOPLES OF CANADA, GREENLAND OR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ONLY USE THIS TERM BY ITSELF WHEN NO OTHER DISTINGUISHING INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE. Objects PRM uses the term Aleut, which is acceptable but imprecise. This term has been is controversial, but has been reclaimed by many indigenous Alaskan Peoples.

Arctic Unangan United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Aleut, Unangax, Unanga, Aleut Arctic Unangan Akuugun United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Uniigun,

Arctic Unangan Alaxsxiin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Naahmigus United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Niigugis United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qagaan Tayagungin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qagiigun United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qawalangin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qaxun United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qigiigun United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Qutxin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Unangan Sasignan United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Sasxinan, Arctic Unangan Unimgin United States of America Alaska Aleutian Island Chain Unalaska Unangax, Aleut, Arctic Yupik Alutiiq United States of America Alaska Prince William Sound Kenai Peninsula KodiakSugpiaq Archipelago *, Sugpiak, Pacific Eskimo, Aleut *, Cup'ik, Yup'ik, Sugpiat, * Alutiiq is the commonly used term, but Alutiiq, Aleut, and Sugpiaq (ancestral name) are all used according to personal preferance

Arctic Yupik Alutiiq Chugach Sugpiaq United States of America Alaska Prince William Sound Kenai Peninsula Sugpiaq , Sugpiak, Pacific Eskimo, Aleut , Cup'ik, Yup'ik, Sugpiat, ObjectsPRM uses the term Chugach, which is acceptable, but this term is preferable. Chugach , Chugachigmiut, Pacific Yupik,

Arctic Yupik Alutiiq Koniag Alutiiq United States of America Alaska Prince William Sound Alaska Peninsula Sugpiaq , Sugpiak, Pacific Eskimo, Aleut , Cup'ik, Yup'ik, Sugpiat, Koniag, ObjectsPRM uses the term Koniag, which is acceptable, but this term is preferable. Pacific Yupik,

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik United States of America Alaska Yup'ik, Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Kuigpagmiut United States of America Alaska Ikogmiut, Central Yup'ik Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Kuigpamiut, which is acceptable. Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Yuit United States of America Alaska Siberian Yupik, Cup'ik, Yup'ik, These People also live in the far northeast of the Russian Federation. Arctic Yupik Yuit Yuit United States of America Alaska Chuckchi Peninsula St. Lawrence Island (SavoongaSt. Lawrence and Gambell Island Yuit,island) Yup'ik, Yupighyt, Cup'ik, Siberian Inuit, Siberian Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Saint Lawrence Island Inuit, this is not the correct designation, please use these terms. Yupighyt is their autonym Please also see the entry for Yuit - Yupighyt for the Peoples who live in the Russian Federation

Arctic Yupik United States of America Alaska Yupiit , Cup'ik, Yup'ik, Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Kusquqvagmiut United States of America Alaska Kuskokwim Yupik, Kuskokwim Eskimo, Central Yup'ik Eskimo, Kushokwagmut, Kusko kuax tana Kuskokuaxtana, Kusquqvagmiut is the traditional name. Kuskwogmiut Yupik, Kuskokwagmut, Kuskokwigmjuten, Kuskokwig-mut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Kusquqvagmiut, which is acceptable. Kuskutchewak Kuskutschewak, Kusquqvagmiut, Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Kuskwog'mut Kuskwogmut, Yupik if that can be determined.

Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Kusquqvagmiut Unegkumiut United States of America Alaska Central Yup'ik Eskimo, Yup'ik, Arctic Yupik Nunivagmiut Cup'ik United States of America Alaska Nunivak Island Nunivak Yupik, Nunivak Cup'ig, Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Cupiit, Nunivak, ObjectsPRM uses the term Nunivak, which is acceptable, but this term is preferable. Arctic Yupik Chevak Cup'ik United States of America Alaska Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Cupiit, Nunivak Cup'ig, Arctic Yupik Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik Kusquqvagmiut Kiatagmiut United States of America Alaska Central Yup'ik Eskimo, Yup'ik, ObjectsPRM uses this term. Only use if definite provenance is known, otherwise use Yupik, or Mainland Southwest Alaska Yupik if that can be determined.

Basin Bannock United States of America Nevada Oregon Idaho Wyoming Montana Banakwut, Northern Paiute, Northern Shoshone, Shoshone, Northern Paiute, Bannock These Peoples are now living on a reservation with the Shoshone Peoples, and so are often referred to as Shoshone-Bannock.

Basin Paiute United States of America California Nevada Oregon Idaho Arizona Utah Numu, Southern Paiute, Northern Paiute, Mono, Paiute This is a general term for a large group of related, but geographically non-contiguous Peoples. If a more definite cultural provenance can be determined, it should be used.

Basin Paiute Mono United States of America California Nevada Sierra Nevada Mountains Nim, Shoshone, Northern Paiute, Eastern Mono, Western Mono, This is a general term for a group of related Peoples. If a more definite cultural provenance can be determined, it should be added and used.

Basin Paiute Mono Eastern Mono United States of America California Nevada Sierra Nevada Mountains Nim, Owens Valley Paiute, Numa, Nuumu, Nüümü, Shoshone, Northern Paiute, Western Mono, Owens Valley Paiute Only use if definite cultural provenance can be determined. If it cannot be, use either Mono Paiute, or Paiute.

Basin Paiute Mono Western Mono United States of America California Nevada Sierra Nevada Mountains Nim, Nyyhmy, Nimi, Nium, Panan witü, Pana witü, Shoshone, Northern Paiute, Eastern Mono, Only use if definite cultural provenance can be determined. If it cannot be, use either Mono Paiute, or Paiute.

Basin Paiute Northern Paiute United States of America California Nevada Oregon Numu, Shoshone, Southern Paiute, Mono, Bannock , Northern Paiute This is a general term for a group of related Peoples. If a more definite cultural provenance can be determined, it should be added and used.

Basin Paiute Southern Paiute United States of America Nevada Arizona Utah Colorado River Nuwuvi, Mono, Northern Paiute, Southern Paiute This is a general term for a group of related Peoples. If a more definite cultural provenance can be determined, it should be added and used.

Basin Shoshone United States of America Idaho California Nevada Oregon Utah Wyoming Pohogue, Shoshoni, Newe, Sosoni, Sosonrih, Snake Indian, Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, Shoshone This is a general name which refers to four large cultural/linguistic distinctions. Please try to use a more definite cultural provenance.

1 Basin Shoshone Eastern Shoshone United States of America Montana Wyoming Utah Idaho Snake Indian, Northern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, This is a general term for at least eight bands of Shoshone Peoples who share a language. If more specific cultural provenance can be determined it should be added and used. Some of the bands of these Peoples are now living on a reservation with the Bannock Peoples, and so are often referred to as Shoshone-Bannock.

Basin Shoshone Northern Shoshone United States of America Montana Wyoming Utah Idaho Sosoniammü Kwinawennangkwatün Nümü, (Sosoniammü) Kuinawen Snake Indian, Eastern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, Boho'inee, This is a general term for at least eight bands of Shoshone Peoples who share a language. If more Nangkwatün Nümü, Newe Segobia, Newe, specific cultural provenance can be determined it should be added and used.

Basin Shoshone Northern Shoshone Boho'inee United States of America Montana Wyoming Utah Idaho Sosoniammü Kwinawennangkwatün Nümü, (Sosoniammü) Kuinawen Snake Indian, Sage Grass People, Sagebrush Butte People, Eastern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, This is a general term for at least eight bands of Shoshone Peoples who share a language. If more Nangkwatün Nümü, Newe Segobia, Newe, Pohogwe, Pohoini, specific cultural provenance can be determined it should be added and used. These Peoples are now living on a reservation with the Bannock Peoples, and so are often referred to as Shoshone-Bannock.

Basin Shoshone Western Shoshone United States of America Idaho California Nevada Oregon Utah Sosoniammü Kwinawennangkwatün Nümü, (Sosoniammü) Kuinawen Snake Indian, Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone, Goshute, Western Shoshone This is a general term for ten bands of Shoshone Peoples who share a language. If more specific Nangkwatün Nümü, Newe Segobia, Newe, cultural provenance can be determined it should be added and used.

Basin Shoshone Western Shoshone Goshute United States of America Nevada Utah Gosiute, Newe, Newee, nɨwɨ, nɨwɨnɨɨ, Kutsipiuti , Gutsipiuti, Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone, Goshute This entry refers to a specific People. If such detailed provenance cannot be determined, please use Western Shoshone.

Basin Ute United States of America Utah Colorado Wyoming Oklahoma Arizona New MexicoNunt'zi *, nuuchi-u *, Yuta, Ute This is a general term for a large group Peoples, traditionally consisting of twelve bands. If a more definite cultural provenance can be determined, it should be used. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves

Basin Washoe United States of America California Nevada Eastern Sierra Nevada MountainsWa Lakešišiw, Tahoe Waashiw *, Washo *, Washoe Washo * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves Basin California Chemehuevi United States of America California Arizona Mojave Desert Colorado River Nuwu *, Nüwü, Nüw, Southern Paiute, Cupeño, Cahuilla, Luiseño, Gabrielino-Tongva, Chemehuevi Mission * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Kumeyaay Kumeyaay, Serrano, Ajachmem (Juaneño), Chemehuevi [do not use Mission] These Peoples used to be classified under a larger umbrella of 'Mission Indians', a reference to the Spanish Catholic Missions in Southern California. This is NO LONGER USED.

California Cahuilla United States of America Southern California Palm Springs ʔívil̃uqaletem *, táxliswet, Mission Indian, Mission Chuilla [do not use These Peoples used to be classified under a larger umbrella of 'Mission Indians', a reference to the Mission] Spanish Catholic Missions in Southern California. This is NO LONGER USED. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

California Chumash United States of America Central Southern Coastal California Chumash The Chumash Peoples consists of fourteen bands, which includes at least seven different languages. If more defined cultural provenance can be determined, please add and use, otherwise Chumash should be used.

California Cupeño United States of America Southern California Peninsular Range Kuupangaxwichem, Mission Indian, Luiseño, Serrano, Cahuilla, Gabrielino-Tongva, Cupeño These Peoples used to be classified under a larger umbrella of 'Mission Indians', a reference to the Spanish Catholic Missions in Southern California. This is NO LONGER USED.

California [Do Not Use] Mission United States of America Southern California Mission Indian, Mission This is a term which is no longer used. It refers to the Indigenous Peoples of California who were forced to relocate from their traditional homelands to Franciscan (Roman Catholic) Missions in Southern California, and some in Northern California. These Nations/Peoples/Tribes are now known by their appropriate cultural names or Federally recognised Tribe. Please use specific cultural provenance if it can be determined. If it cannot be, please use the appropriate geographic location, California in Region and Native American in Umbrella Group Name.

California Hoopa United States of America Northwestern California Hoopa Valley Klamath RiverHupa, Trinity Natinixwe, River Natinook-wa, Na:tinixwe, Trinity Indians, Chilula, Whilkut, Hupa California Karuk United States of America Northwestern California Klamath River Bluff Creek SiskiyouKarok, Chum-ne, County Oregon Karuk California Kumeyaay United States of AmericaMexico Southern California Baja California Tipai-Ipai, Ipai, Iipay, Tipai, Mission Indian, Diegueño, Kamia, Kumiai, Ajachmem (Juaneño), Cupeño, Cahuilla, Serrano, Gabrielino-Tongva, Diegueño [DO NOT USE] These Peoples used to be classified under a larger umbrella of 'Mission Indians', a reference to the Chemehuevi, Spanish Catholic Missions in Southern California. This is NO LONGER USED. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

California Luiseño United States of America Southern California Payómkawichum *, Payómkawishum, San Luiseños, Mission Indian, Ajachmem (Juaneño), Cupeño, Cahuilla, Serrano, Gabrielino-Tongva, Mission Luiseño [do not use These Peoples used to be classified under a larger umbrella of 'Mission Indians', a reference to the Kumeyaay, Chemehuevi, Mission] Spanish Catholic Missions in Southern California. This is NO LONGER USED. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

California Maidu United States of America Northern California Sierra Nevada Mountains Feather River American River Humbug Valley Konkow, Nisenan, Mountain Maidu, Maidu California Maidu Konkow United States of America Northeast Central California Koyom:k'awi *, Koyoomk'awi *, Concow, Maidu-Konkow, Konkau, Mountain Maidu, Nisenan, * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. California Maidu Konkow Mechoopda United States of America Northeast Central California Chico Mechupda, Mountain Maidu, Nisenan, Mechoopda This refersonly to a specific band of Maidu Peoples. If cultural provenance is not this specific, please use either Konkow, or Maidu. This group name also refers to a US Federally recognised tribe.

California Miwok United States of America Northern California Miwok, Miwuk, Mi-wuk, Me-Wuk, Miwok Me-Wuk Miwuk This name refers to several groups of Miwok Peoples. If more defined cultural provenance can be determined, please add and use, otherwise Miwok should be used.

California Miwok Lake Miwok United States of America Northern California Clear Lake Basin Pomo [do not use] Lake Miwok This name refers to a specific People. If cultural provenance cannot be determined, please use Miwok. DO NOT USE POMO - these are distinct Peoples, although geographically contiguous.

California Mono United States of America Northern California Sierra Nevada Mountains EasternNim Sierra *, Monache, Mono Basin Numa, Great Nuuma Basin *, Northern Paiute, Southern Paiute, Shoshone, Monache * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves depending on whether they live East or West of the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

California Nicoleño United States of America Southern California Channel Islands San Nicolas San Nicoleño, Chumash, Tongva, Luiseños, San Nicoleño These Peoples are extinct since of 1853. California Nomlaki United States of America Northern California Sacramento Valley Coast RangeNomlaqa *, Nomlaka, Noamlakee, Central Wintu, Nomelaki, Wintun, River Nomlaki, Hill Nomlaki, Nomlaki * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. California Ohlone United States of America Northern California San Francisco Bay Monterey BayCostanoans, Salinas Valley Muwekma, Costanoan The Ohlone Peoples consists of at least eight modern subgroups, and many more historically. If more defined cultural provenance can be determined, please add and use, otherwise Chumash should be used.

California Pomo United States of America Northern California Pomo This name refers to several groups of Pomo Peoples. If more defined cultural provenance can be determined, please add and use, otherwise Pomo should be used.

California Serrano United States of America Southern California San Bernadino Mountains MojaveTaaqtam, Desert Ajachmem (Juaneño), Cupeño, Cahuilla, Luiseño, Gabrielino-Tongva, Serrano The Serrano Peoples are divided into two Bands, the Yuhaaviatam and the Maarenga'yam. If more Kumeyaay, Chemehuevi, Yuhaaviatam, Maarênga'yam, specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use one of these bands. The English and US Federally recognised tribes of the Serrano people include Mission Indians in their tribal names. However, Mission should not be added to Cultural Group Names.

California Shasta United States of America Northern California Southern Oregon Klamath MountainsKahosadi, Chasta, Sasti, Shasty, Tsashtl, Saste, Shasta California Wappo United States of America Northern California Napa Valley Clear Lake Alexander Valley Russian River Valley Yuki, Wappo California Wintun United States of America Northern California Lake Shasta San Francisco Bay Wailaki, Sacramento River Coast Range Nomlaki, Wintu, Patwin, Wintun This is a term which refers to several Peoples. If more specific cultural provenance can be determined, it should be used.

California Wintun Patwin United States of America Northern California Suisun Vacaville Putah Creek Southern Wintun, Patween, Nomlaki, Wintu, Wintun Patwin Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined. If it cannot be, please use Wintun. California Wintun Wintu United States of America Northern California Northern Sacramento Valley SacramentoWintʰu, Northern River McCloud Wintu, River Trinity River Chico Nomlaki, Patwin, Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined. If it cannot be, please use Wintun. California Wiyot United States of America Northern California Humboldt Bay Wee-at, Weyet, Yurok, Wiyot California Yokuts United States of America Central California San Joaquin Valley Chukchansi , Tulare, Maripose, Yokuts Tulare Please note, not all bands or members accept the name Yokuts, and prefer to use their Tribal designation. If such cultural provenance can be determined, it should be added to the database and used.

California Yuki United States of America Northern California Mendicino County Sonoma CountyYukiah, Humboldt Bay Upper Russian River Hood Mountain Wappo, Yuki California Yurok United States of America Northern California Klamath River Oohl *, Pue-lik-lo, Pey-cheek-lo, Ner-'er-ner', Olekwo'l *, Pueleekla', Wiyot, Yurok * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. California Plateau Achumawi United States of America Northeastern California Achomawi, Ajumawi, Ahjumawi, Pit River, Achumawi California Plateau Achumawi Pit River United States of America Northeastern California Goose Lake Fandango ValleyPitt Warner River, Mountains Cedar Pass Devil's Garden Ajumawi, Atsugewi, Atwamsini, Ilmawi, Astarawi, Hammawi, Achumawi Pit River This name refers to a US Federally recognised tribe which consists of eleven bands. If specific Hewisedawi, Itsatawi, Aporige, Kosalektawi Madesi, cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use.

California Plateau Atsugewi United States of America Northeastern California Mount Shasta Pit River Burney River Hat River Dixie Valley Creek Horse Creek Pit River, Achumawi, Atsugé, Apwaruge, Atsugewi This name refers to a band of Peoples within the US Federally recognised Pit River Tribe which consists of eleven bands. Use only if specific cultural provenance can be determined, otherwise use Pit River or Achumawi.

Central Plains United States of AmericaCanada Great Plains Plains C Plains Central Plains Only use if no more specific cultural group can be determined.

Indigenous Peoples Canada Indigenous Nations, First Nations Inuit Metís, Indian, Native American ONLY USE: 1) WHEN REFERRING TO THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF CANADA, NOT THE UNITED STATES 2) WHEN MORE SPECIFIC CULTURAL GROUP INFORMATION IS UNAVAILABLE OR CANNOT BE IDENTIFIED

Indigenous Peoples Inupiaq United States of America Alaska Inupiat, Inupiak, Iñupiat, Iñupiaq, Inyupik, Comprised of four communities: Bering Strait Inupiat; Nunamiut (Interior North Alaska Inupiat); Kotzebue Sound Inupiat; North Alaska Coast Inpuiat

Inuit Greenland (Autonomous Country of Denmark) Greenlandic Inuit, kalaallit, Grønlandsk Inuit, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Inuit Polar, do not use. Inuit Russian Federation Siberia Arctic Peoples, North Alaska Coast Inuit, Inuit of Greenland , ONLY USE THIS TERM BY ITSELF WHEN NO OTHER DISTINGUISHING INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE. Can also be used to describe the Indigenous Peoples who live along the inland and coastal areas north of the treeline in Canada, but it is preferable to use more specific information dictated by location.

Inuit Inughuit Greenland (Autonomous Country ofNorthern Denmark) Greenland Avanersuarmiut, Inuhuit, Smith Sound Inuit, Artic Highlanders, Eskimo, Polar Eskimo, Used for the Inuit of theNorth of Greenland who speak Inuktun. ObjectsPRM uses the term Polar Inuit, do not use.

Inuit Kalaallit Greenland (Autonomous Country ofWestern Denmark) Greenland Eskimo, Used for the Inuit of the West of Greenland who speak Kalaallisut. ObjectsPRM uses the term Polar Inuit, do not use.

Inuit Tunumiit Greenland (Autonomous Country ofEastern Denmark) Greenland Tunu Eskimo, Used for the Inuit of the East of Greenland who speak Tunumiit oraasiat. ObjectsPRM uses the term Polar Inuit, do not use.

Inuit Yupik Yupighyt Russian FederationUnited States ofSiberia America Chucki Peninsula Alaska St. Lawrence IslandYuit, Siberian Yupik, Юиты, Arctic Peoples, Yupik Eskimo, Siberian, Eskimo, эскимосы, Siberian Inuit, St. North Alaska Coast Inuit, Inuit of Greenland , ObjectsPRM uses Siberian Inuit and Saint Lawrence Island (Inuit) which is not accurate, do not use. Lawrence Island, When referring to the Saint Lawrence Island Yupik, please see the entry for Yuit - Yuit. Only use this term when definite provenance is known, if it cannot be determined, please use Yupik.

2 Inuit Arctic CanadaRussian Federation Northwest Territories Quebec Yukon Siberia Arctic Peoples, North Alaska Coast Inuit, Inuit of Greenland , The Inuit Peoples live along the inland and coastal areas north of the treeline in Canada. ONLY USE THIS TERM BY ITSELF WHEN NO OTHER DISTINGUISHING INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE. Can also be used to describe the Indigenous Peoples of Arctic Siberia in the Russian Federation, but it is preferable to use more specific information dictated by location.

Inuit Arctic Copper Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Kitlinermiut, Inuinnait, Kidlinirmuit, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Copper, which is acceptable, but slightly imprecise. Inuit Arctic Copper Inuit Coppermine Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Kugluktuk, Qurluqtuq, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Copper for the top level group name, which is acceptable if imprecise. Only use the scondary term if the definite provenance can be determined, otherwise, please use Copper Inuit.

Inuit Arctic Iglulingmiut Canada Nunavut Northwest Territories Iglulik, Igloolik, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Iglulik, which is acceptable, but this is preferable. Inuit Arctic Iglulingmiut Aivilingmiut Canada Nunavut Aivilik, Eskimo, Inuit Arctic Iglulingmiut Tununirmiut Canada Nunavut Pond Inlet Tununirmiutaq, Mittimatalingmiutaq, Eskimo, Inuit Arctic Inuit Canada Northwest Territories K'áhbamı̨́túé, North Alaska Coast Inuit, Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, Mackenzie Delta Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Aklarvik Canada Northwest Territories Aklavik, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Ikaahuk, Inuvik, Tuktoyaktut, Paulatuuq, Ulukhaktok, Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Avvagmiut Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Inuit - Mackenzie Delta, but this term is preferable. Please only use if definite provenance can be determined, otherwise please use Inuvialuit.

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Ikaahuk Canada Northwest Territories Sachs Harbour Inuit, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Inuvik, Tuktuujaqtuuq, Paulatuuq, Ulukhaktok,

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Inuvik Canada Northwest Territories Inuuvik, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Ikaahuk, Tuktuujaqtuuq, Paulatuuq, Ulukhaktok,

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Kigirktarugmiut Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Inuit - Mackenzie Delta, but this term is preferable. Please only use if definite provenance can be determined, otherwise please use Inuvialuit.

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Kittegaryumiut Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Inuit - Mackenzie Delta, but this term is preferable. Please only use if definite provenance can be determined, otherwise please use Inuvialuit.

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Kupugmiut Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Inuit - Mackenzie Delta, but this term is preferable. Please only use if definite provenance can be determined, otherwise please use Inuvialuit.

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Nuvorugmiut Canada Northwest Territories Western Arctic Inuit, Mackenzie Delta Inuit, T'èɂehda, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Inuit - Mackenzie Delta, but this term is preferable. Please only use if definite provenance can be determined, otherwise please use Inuvialuit.

Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Paulatuuq Canada Northwest Territories Paulatuk, Tulı́t’a, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Ikaahuk, Inuvik, Tuktoyaktut, Ulukhaktok, Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Tuktoyaktuk Canada Northwest Territories Sǫ̀mbak'è, Tuktuujaqtuuq, Tuktuuyaqtuuq, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Ikaahuk, Inuvik, Paulatuuq, Ulukhaktok, Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Ulukhaktok Canada Northwest Territories Ulukhaqtuuq, Holman Inuit, Eskimo, Inuvialuit, Ikaahuk, Inuvik, Tuktoyaktut, Paulatuuq, Inuit Arctic Inuvialuit Uummarmiut CanadaUnited States of America Northwest Territories Alaska Interior North Alaska Inupiat, North Alaska Coast Inpuiat, Bering Strait *These are Nunamuit Inupiat Peoples who migrated to Canada from Alaska around 1910. They are Inupiat, Kotzebue Sound Inupiat, Nunamiut Inupiat, now known as Uummarmiut Inuvialuit. They are People who share the Inupiaq language of other Peoples of Alaska, but are separate.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Canada Nunavut Caribou Inuit, Keewatin, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou, please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Ahiarmiu Canada Nunavut Ahialmiut, Eskimo, Paallirmiut, Harvaqtuurmiut, Hauniqtuurmiut, Qairnirmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Akilinirmiut Canada Nunavut Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Hanningajurmiut Canada Nunavut Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Harvaqtuurmiut Canada Nunavut Harvaqtormiut, Ha'vaqtuurmiut, Eskimo, Ahiarmiut, Hauniqtuurmiut, Paallirmiut, Qairnirmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Hauniqtuurmiut Canada Nunavut Hauneqtormiut, Kangiqliniqmiut, Eskimo, Ahiarmiut, Harvaqtuurmiut, Paallirmiut, Qairnirmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Ihalmiut Canada Nunavut Ahiarmiut, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Paallirmiut Canada Nunavut Padlermiut, Padleimuit, Eskimo, Ahiarmiut, Harvaqtuurmiut, Hauniqtuurmiut, Qairnirmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Paallirmiut Arviat Canada Nunavut Eskimo, Ahiarmiu, Harvaqtuurmiut, Hauniqtuurmiut, Qairnirmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Qairnirmiut Canada Nunavut Qaernermiut, Kinipetu, Kenepetu, Qamani'tuaq, Eskimo, Ahiarmiut, Hauniqtuurmiut, Paallirmiut, Harvaqtuurmiut, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Kivallirmiut Utkuhiksalingmiut Canada Nunavut Utkuhikhalingmiut, Ukkusiksalingmiut, Utkusiksalinmiut, Ukkuhikhalinmiut, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Caribou as the main term, please use Kivallirmiut. Only use this term if provenance can be determined, if not please use Kivallirmiut. Previous to 1 April 1999, the region the Kivallirmiut resided in was known as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories.

Inuit Arctic Labrador Inuit Canada Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador Island AtlanticLabradormiut, coast Nunatsiavut Southern Inuit, NunatuKavut, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses Labrador, which is acceptable if imprecise. Inuit Arctic Netsilik Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Netsilik, Netsilingmiut, Natsilingmiut, Eskimo, Gjoa Haven Inuit, Pelly Bay Inuit, Spence Bay Inuit, ObjectsPRM uses the term Netsilik, which is acceptable if imprecise. Inuit Arctic Netsilik Inuit Gjoa Haven Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Uqsuqtuq, Urhuqtuuq, Eskimo, Spence Bay Inuit, Pelly Bay Inuit, ObjectsPRM uses the term Netsilik for the top level group name, which is acceptable if imprecise. Only use the scondary term if the definite provenance can be determined, otherwise, please use Netsilik Inuit.

Inuit Arctic Netsilik Inuit Pelly Bay Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Kugaaruk, Arvilingjuak, Kuugaarjuk, Eskimo, Spence Bay Inuit, Gjoa Bay Inuit, ObjectsPRM uses the term Netsilik for the top level group name, which is acceptable if imprecise. Only use the scondary term if the definite provenance can be determined, otherwise, please use Netsilik Inuit.

Inuit Arctic Netsilik Inuit Spence Bay Inuit Canada Northwest Territories Taloyoak, Talurjuaq, Eskimo, Pelly Bay Inuit, Gjoa Bay Inuit, ObjectsPRM uses the term Netsilik for the top level group name, which is acceptable if imprecise. Only use the scondary term if the definite provenance can be determined, otherwise, please use Netsilik Inuit.

Inuit Arctic Nunatsiaqmiut Canada Nunavut Baffin Island Nunatsiarmiut, Eskimo, Baffinland Inuit, Baffin Island Inuit, ObjectsPRM uses this term. This group consists of great diversity in language and culture. Those groups to the far north of the island belong to the Iglulik (Igloolik) Inuit. The rest are referred to as the South Baffin Island Inuit and are concentrated along the coast. Those along the north shore of Hudson Strait share cultural traits with the Labrador Inuit.

Inuit Arctic Nunavimiut Canada Nunavet Inuit of Quebec, Ungava, Nunavimmiut, Nunavummiut, Nunavimiut, Eskimo, *This is the term Nunavimiut for themselves, and means 'people of Québec'. Nunavik Inuit, Inuit Kapaimiut *, Nunavummiuq,

Inuit Arctic Nunavimiut Itivimiut Canada Quebec Labrador Hudson Bay Inuit of Quebec, Inuit Kapaimiut *, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Itivimiut. Only use this term if the definite provenance can be determined; if not please use Nunavimiut. *This is the term Nunavimiut for themselves, and means 'people of Québec'.

Inuit Arctic Nunavimiut Siqinirmiut Canada Quebec Labrador Ungava Bay Inuit of Quebec, Inuit Kapaimiut *, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Siqinirmiut. Only use this term if the definite provenance can be determined; if not please use Nunavimiut. *This is the term Nunavimiut for themselves, and means 'people of Québec'.

Inuit Arctic Nunavimiut Tarramiut Canada Quebec Labrador Inuit of Quebec, Inuit Kapaimiut *, Eskimo, ObjectsPRM uses the term Tarramiut. Only use this term if the definite provenance can be determined; if not please use Nunavimiut. *This is the term Nunavimiut for themselves, and means 'people of Québec'.

Inuit Arctic Sallirmiut Canada Hudson Bay Southampton (Salliq) Island Coat IslandSagdlirmiut, Walrus Island Sadlermiut, Eskimo, These Peoples no longer exist, having been wiped out by disease in 1902-1903. Contemporary Sadlermiut people relocated to the islands from other areas.

Inuit Arctic Sanikiluaq Inuit Canada Qikiqtaaluk Nunavet Qikirtamiut, Sanikiluaq, Eskimo, Native American United States of America American Indian, Red Indian, Native American ONLY USE: 1) IN RELATION TO THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2) WHEN MORE SPECIFIC CULTURAL GROUP INFORMATION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR ABLE TO BE IDENTIFIED 3) THE US CENSUS INCLUDES THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF ALASKA UNDER THIS TERM, BUT NOT NATIVE HAWAIIANS

Northeast Woodlands Anishinaabeg Algonquin Canada Ontario Quebec Anishinaabek, Anishinaabe, Omàmiwininiwak, Anicinàpe, Algoumequin, Algonkian, Algonquian, Algonkin, Odawa, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, Néhinaw, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated. DO NOT CONFUSE WITH ALGONQUIAN - which is a much larger linguistic and cultural group including Anishinaabeg, Innu and Cree languages.

3 Northeast Woodlands Anishinaabeg Bodéwadmi United States of America Michigan Wisconsin Illinois Indiana Great Lakes Neshnabé, Potawatomi, Bodwéwadmimwen, Bodwéwadmik, Neshnabék, Pottawatomie, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Odawa, Mississaugas, Néhinaw, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Northeast Woodlands Anishinaabeg Odawa United States of America Michigan Wisconsin Great Lakes Anishinaabek, Ottawa, Odaawaa, Odawak, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, Néhinaw, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Northeast Woodlands Chickahominy United States of America Virginia Chesapeake Bay Powhatan Indians, Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Pamunkey, Nansemond, ObjectsPRM uses Chickahominy. Mattaponi,

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee United States of AmericaCanada New York State Quebec Province Ontario Province Iroquois,Oklahoma Kahnawake, Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondoga, Tuscarora, ObjectsPRM used Iroquois. This is acceptable, but Haudenosaunee is more widely used. Use if no more specific information is available for provenance. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora. Kahnawake has been historically used as a synonym for all Haudenosaunee in Canada (only).

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Cayuga United States of America New York State Odǫhwęja:deˀ, Guyohkohnyo, Gayogohó:no', Kanien'kehá:ka, Seneca, Onondaga, Oneida, Tuscarora, Only use if specific provenance is known. If not, use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Kanien'kehá:ka United States of AmericaCanada New York State Quebec Province Kanien'kehá:ka, Kanyen'kehà:ka, Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondoga, Tuscarora, ObjectsPRM used Mohawk. This is acceptable. Only use if definite provenance is known. If it is not, only use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Kanien'kehá:ka Kahnawake Canada Quebec Province Mohawks of Kahnawá:ke , Praying Indian, Caughnawaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondoga, Tuscarora, ObjectsPRM used Kahnawake. This is acceptable. ONLY use if definite provenance is known. If it is not, use Kanien'kahá:ka, or only use Haudenosaunee. This Nation was historically comprised of Haudenosaunee people who had converted to Christianity and so lived in communities separate from their originating communities 'for protection'. There were many marriages with European Christians, and the children were raised in Kanien'kehá:ka traditions. ALSO: This term has also been used as a synonym for all Canadian Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Oneida United States of AmericaCanada New York State Wisconsin Ontario Onyota;a:ka, Onayotekaono, Onʌyote’a•ka, Kanien'kehá:ka, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondoga, Tuscarora, Only use if specific provenance is known. If not, use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Onondaga United States of AmericaCanada New York State Ontario Onoñda'gega', Onundagaonoga , Ongweehonhwe', Kanien'kehá:ka, Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida, Tuscarora, Only use if specific provenance is known. If not, use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Seneca United States of America New York State O'non-dowa-gah, Onöndowàga, Onöndowa'ga:', Kanien'kehá:ka, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Tuscarora, Only use if specific provenance is known. If not, use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Haudenosaunee Tuscarora United States of America North Carolina New York South Carolina Ska-Ruh-Reh, Skarū'ren', Kanien'kehá:ka, Seneca, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, The Tuscarora People originally lived on the land that is now known as North Carolina in the United States. They joined the Haudenosaunee in 1720. One branch of Tuscarora migrated to what is now New York State in 1713. Other branches continued to reside in the area of North Carolina and some in what became known as South Carolina. Only use if specific provenance is known. If not, use Haudenosaunee. Both Iroquois and Haudenosaunee refer to a Confederacy comprised originally of five, now six, Nations. These are (in English): the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Onondaga, and Tuscarora.

Northeast Woodlands Ho-Chunk United States of America Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa Illinois Indiana Winnebago, Hoocąągra, Waazija, Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska, Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin, ObjectsPRM uses the term Winnebago, which is acceptable, but should be replaced by Ho-Chunk. Please note that while both the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin are culturally related, they are independent, Federally (US Governmentally) recognised Tribes. This has legal connotations and consequences.

Northeast Woodlands Huron-Wendat Canada Ontario Province Great Lakes Region Petun, Tionontati, Tionontatehronnon, Tionnontate, Wyandot, Tobacco, Pétun, Wyandotte, ObjectsPRM uses Wendat, which is acceptable, but Huron-Wendat is more current. Khionontateronon, ObjectsPRM uses Khionontateronon. DO NOT USE. Use Wyandot. ObjectsPRM also suggests that Wyandotte is synonymous with Wendat. Historically, this is not the case. Use both with great care. This Nation speaks an Iroquoian language, but are culturally different. The historic, pre-early seventeenth century name of this Nation is Petun. Their numbers were reduced due to small-pox and European diseases, and eventually destroyed or dispersed with the Wendat by the Haudenosaunee in 1649, and the remaining people joined the Wendat to become the Wyandot People. They travelled around the Great Lakes area, eventually settling in the area that is now known as Detroit, Michigan, before being forced to what is now Oklahoma by the US government.

Northeast Woodlands Illinois Confederation United States of America Iowa Illinois Missouri Arkansas Inoka, Illini, Illiniwek, Kaskaskia (Kaskaskaham), Cahokia, Peoria (Peewaareewa), Tamaroa, ObjectsPRM uses the term Illinois, which is acceptable, but Illinois Confederation is preferable. Moingwena, Michigamea (Mishigamaw), Chepoussa, Chinkoa, Coiracoentanon, Espeminkia, Maroa, Tapouara,

Northeast Woodlands Illinois Confederation Peoria United States of America Illinois Michigan Ohio Missouri Kansas OklahomaPeewaareewa, Illinois, Illini, Kaskaskia (Kaskaskaham), Cahokia, Espeminkia, Tamaroa, ObjectsPRM uses the term Peoria, which is acceptable. Moingwena, Michigamea (Mishigamaw), Chepoussa, Chinkoa, Only use if provenance is definite, if it cannot be determined, use Illinois Confederacy. Coiracoentanon, Maroa Tapouara,

Northeast Woodlands Kickapoo United States of AmericaMexico Indiana Illinois Iowa Minnesota Kansas Oklahoma Kiikaapoa, Texas Kiikaapoi *, Giiwigaabaw, Mahouea, Wabash Confederacy, Piankeshaw, Miami, Wea, Illinois Confederation, ObjectsPRM uses the term Kickapoo. * Kiikaapoi is this Nation's name in Kickapoo.

Northeast Woodlands Lenape Unalichtigo United States of AmericaCanada New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Oklahoma KansasUnalichtigo Wisconsin Lenape, Ontario Unalâchtigo, wə̆ nálâhtko·w, Lənape Haki-nk, Unami, Munsee, Munsee-Stockbridge band of Mohican Indians, ObjectsPRM uses Delaware. Do not use, use Lenape. Or if more specific provenance can be Delaware, Lenni Lenape, Leni Lenape, determined use Unalichtigo.

Northeast Woodlands Lenape Unami United States of AmericaCanada New York State Pennsylvania New Jersey MarylandL ə Delawarenape Haki-nk, Oklahoma Delaware, Kansas Leni Lenape,Wisconsin Lenni Ontario Lenape, Munsee, Unalichtigo, ObjectsPRM uses Delaware. Do not use, use Lenape. Or if more specific provenance can be determined use Unami. Unami is also a language variation of the Lenape which made them distinct from the Munsee who each spoke their own variation.

Northeast Woodlands Mattaponi United States of America Virginia Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Pamunkey, Chickahominy, ObjectsPRM uses Mattaponi. Tsenacomoco, Nansemond, Powhatan Chiefdom, The Mattaponi People speak and Algonquian language.

Northeast Woodlands Menominee United States of America Wisconsin Michigan Upper Peninsula Mamaceqtaw *, Menomini, Shawnee, Miami, ObjectsPRM uses the term Menominee. *This is the term the Menominee have for themselves. Menominee is from an Ojibwe word, and they are Agonquian speakers.

Northeast Woodlands Meskwaki United States of America Wisconsin Michigan Illinois Iowa Kansas OklahomaSauk and Fox, Meshkwahkîha, Êshkwîha, Sac and Fox, ObjectsPRM uses the term Sauk and Fox, which is acceptable, but this is preferable as it is the name the Nation calls itself.

Northeast Woodlands Meskwaki Meskwaki United States of America Wisconsin Michigan Illinois Iowa Kansas OklahomaMeshkwahkihaki, Fox, Sauk and Fox, Meshkwahkîha, Êshkwîha, Sauk, ObjectsPRM uses the term Sauk and Fox, which is acceptable, but this is preferable as it is the name the Nation calls itself. This third level term historically only relates to the Peoples who are also referred to by 'Fox'. Only use if definite provenance can be determined, if it cannot be, please use 'Meskwaki'.

Northeast Woodlands Meskwaki Sauk United States of America Wisconsin Michigan Illinois Iowa Kansas Oklahomaoθaakiiwaki, Sac, Sauk and Fox, Ozaagii(-wag), Othâkîwa, Thâkîwa, Meskwaki, Potawatomi, ObjectsPRM uses the term Sauk and Fox, which is acceptable, but this is preferable as it is the Thâkîwaki, Êshkwîha, Meshkwahkîha, name the Nation calls itself. This third level term historically only relates to the Peoples who are also referred to by 'Sauk'. Only use if definite provenance can be determined. If not, please use Meskwaki.

Northeast Woodlands Miami United States of America Michigan Indiana Ohio Illinois Myaamiaki *, Mihtohseeniaki, Myaamia, ObjectsPRM uses Miami. The Shawnee People speak an Algonquian language. * This is the term these People use to refer to themselves.

Northeast Woodlands Mohegan United States of America Connecticut Mohigan, Pequot, Lenape, ObjectsPRM suggests that Mohican is another term for Mohegan. THIS IS INCORRECT. Please use Mohegan.

Northeast Woodlands Mohican United States of America New York State Hudson River Vermont Connecticut Muhhekunneuw, Massachusetts Mahican, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican Indians, ObjectsPRM suggests that Mohican is another term for Mohegan. THIS IS INCORRECT. ObjectsPRM uses the term Mahican, this is not correct, use Mohican. Mahican is also used to describe the language spoken by the Mohican Peoples. DO NOT confuse with Mohegan.

Northeast Woodlands Monacan United States of America Virginia West Virginia Maryland Tennessee Ohio Powhatan Indians, Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Mannahoac, Tutelo, Saponi, ObjectsPRM uses Monacan. Occaneechi, The Monacan speak a Siouan language, not an Algonquian language like the Pamunkey and Chickahominy.

Northeast Woodlands Nansemond United States of America Virginia Chesapeake Bay North Carolina Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Pamunkey, Chickahominy, ObjectsPRM uses Nansemond. Tsenacomoco, Mattaponi, Powhatan Chiefdom, The Nansemond People speak and Algonquian language.

Northeast Woodlands Narragansett United States of America Rhode Island Massachusetts Connecticut New York State Wisconsin Niantics, Wampanoag, Manisseans, ObjectsPRM uses Narragansett.

Northeast Woodlands Neutral Confederacy CanadaUnited States of America Ontario New York State Attiwandaron, Attiwandaronk, Attawandaron, Chonnonton, Neutral, Aondironon, Wenrehronon, Ongniaahraronon, Chonnonton, ObjectsPRM uses Neutral, which is acceptable, but this is more precise.

4 Northeast Woodlands Pamunkey United States of America Virginia Chesapeake Bay James River Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Chickahominy, Nansemond, ObjectsPRM uses Pamunkey. Mattaponi, Powhatan Chiefdom,

Northeast Woodlands Pequot United States of America Connecticut Wisconsin Mohegan, ObjectsPRM uses Pequot. Northeast Woodlands Piscataway Conoy United States of America Virginia Maryland Washington D.C. Pennsylvania Kinwaw Paskestikweya, Peyakohewamak, Piscataway, Pascatowies, Paschatoway, Pazaticans, Pascoticons, Pamunkey, ObjectsPRM uses Conoy, and mistakenly connects them to the Delaware (Lenape) People. This is Paskattaway, Pascatacon, Piscattaway, Puscattawy, incorrect. Use Piscataway Conoy, or just Piscataway.

Northeast Woodlands Potawatomi United States of AmericaCanada Michagin Wisconsin Illinois Iowa Oklahoma KansasBodéwadmi, Ontario Neshnabé, Pottawatomie, Pottawatomi, Bodwéwadmik, Ojibwe, Odawa, Anishinaabe, ObjectsPRM uses the term Potawatomi.

Northeast Woodlands Rappahannock United States of America Virginia Chickahominy Indians Eastern Division, Pamunkey, Chickahominy, ObjectsPRM uses Rappahannock. Tsenacomoco, Nansemond, The Rappahannock People speak and Algonquian language.

Northeast Woodlands Seneca-Cayuga United States of America Ohio Oklahoma Kansas Mingo, Mingoes, ObjectsPRM uses Seneca-Cayuga. The Seneca-Cayuga People speak an Iroquoian language. DO NOT CONFUSE with the Seneca and Cayuga Nations who are/were members of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy. The members of this Nation are the descendants of those people who left the Haudenosaunee and moved to Ohio in the early nineteenth century.

Northeast Woodlands Shawnee United States of America Ohio Kentucky West Virginia Virginia Pennsylvania Shawanwaki, Maryland Alabama Shaawanwaki, South Carolina Ša˙wano˙ki, Indiana Shaawanowi Illinois Ohio Ienaweeki, River Valley MissouriMingo, Oklahoma Mingoes, Kansas Miami, Menominee, ObjectsPRM uses Shawnee. The Shawnee People speak an Algonquian language.

Northeast Woodlands Susquehannock United States of America New York State Pennsylvania Maryland Susquehanna River Poconos Mountains upper Delaware River Potomoc River ChesapeakeConestoga, Bay ObjectsPRM uses Susquehannock. Member of the Iroquoian LANGUAGE group, NOT part of the Haudenosaunee.

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy United States of AmericaCanada Maine New Hampshire Massachusetts Vermont NewWabenaki, Brunswick Wobanaki, Nova Scotia Waponahkiyik, Cape Breton Island Prince Edward Island Quebec Abenaki, Passamaquoddy, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, Wolastoqiyik ObjectsPRM uses Wabanaki, which is acceptable, but this term is more precise, please use. Maliseet, Métis Nation, Use if more precise cultural provenance cannot be determined.

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy Abenaki United States of AmericaCanada Maine New Hampshire Vermont Quebec Lake ChamplainWabenaki, Ontario N'dakina, Abénaquis, Abnaki, Abinaki, Alôbak, Wôbanakiak, Western Abenaki, Wabanaki Confederacy, Passamaquoddy, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, ObjectsPRM uses Abenaki. Wobanaki, Ndakinna, Wolastoqiyik Maliseet, Métis Nation, Kennebec, Norridgewock, Androscoggin, Wawenock Pequawket,

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy Mi'kmaq Canada New Brunswick Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island Mi'kmaw,Newfoundland Mi'gmaq, and LabradorMicmac, Mi'gmaw, Lnu, L'nuk, Wabanaki Confederacy, Passamaquoddy, Abenaki, Penobscot, ObjectsPRM uses the term Micmac. Do not use, use Mi'kmaq. Wolastoqiyik Maliseet, Métis Nation,

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy Passamaquoddy CanadaUnited States of America New Brunswick Maine Pestomuhkati *, Peskomuhkati, Wabanaki Confederacy, Abenaki, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, Wolastoqiyik ObjectsPRM uses the term Passamaquoddy. Maliseet, Métis Nation, * This is the term this Nation uses for itself.

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy Penobscot CanadaUnited States of America Quebec New Brunswick Maine Panawahpskek, Penawapskewi, Wabanaki Confederacy, Passamaquoddy, Mi'kmaq, Abenaki, ObjectsPRM uses the term Penobscot. Wolastoqiyik Maliseet, Métis Nation,

Northeast Woodlands Wabanaki Confederacy Wolastoqiyik Maliseet United States of AmericaCanada New Brunswick Maine St. John River (Wəlastəkw River)Welastekwewiyik, Quebec St. LawrenceWəlastəkwewiyik, River Malesse'jik, Wolastoqiyik, Malecite, Wabanaki Confederacy, Passamaquoddy, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, ObjectsPRM uses the term Maliseet. This is acceptable, but is generally used more in the USA, and Abenaki, Métis Nation, Wolastoqiyik is used primarily in Canada.

Northeast Woodlands Wyandotte United States of America Great Lakes Region Michigan Oklahoma Kansas Petun, Tionontati, Tionontatehronnon, Tionnontate, Wyandot, Tobacco, Pétun, Huron, Huron-Wendat, ObjectsPRM uses Wendat, which is acceptable, but Huron-Wendat is more current. Khionontateronon, ObjectsPRM uses Khionontateronon. DO NOT USE. Use Wyandot. ObjectsPRM also suggests that Wyandotte is synonymous with Wendat. Historically, this is not the case. Use both with great care. This Nation speaks an Iroquoian language, but are culturally different. The historic, pre-early seventeenth century name of this Nation is Petun. Their numbers were reduced due to small-pox and European diseases, and eventually destroyed or dispersed with the Wendat by the Haudenosaunee in 1649, and the remaining people joined the Wendat to become the Wyandot People. They travelled around the Great Lakes area, eventually settling in the area that is now known as Detroit, Michigan, before being forced to what is now Oklahoma by the US government.

Northeast Woodlands Lenape United States of AmericaCanada New York State Pennsylvania New Jersey MarylandL ə Delawarenape Haki-nk, Oklahoma Delaware, Kansas Leni Lenape,Wisconsin Lenni Ontario Lenape, ObjectsPRM uses Delaware. Do not use, use Lenape.

Northeast Woodlands Lenape Munsee United States of AmericaCanada New York State Pennsylvania New Jersey ConnecticutMinisink, Massachusetts Minsi, Muncee, Oklahoma mə́ n'si·w Kansas, Delawar Wisconsine, Lənape Ontario Haki-nk, Leni Unami, Unalichtigo, Munsee-Stockbridge band of Mohican Indians, ObjectsPRM uses Delaware. Do not use, use Lenape. Or if more specific provenance can be Lenape, Lenni Lenape, determined use Munsee. Unami is also a language variation of the Lenape which made them distinct from the Munsee who spoke their own variation.

Northern Plains United States of AmericaCanada Great Plains Plains N Plains Only use if no more specific cultural group can be determined. Northwest Coast CanadaUnited States of America NW Coast ONLY USE if no more specific cultural group can be determined. Following the Handbook of the North American Indian, the area designated as the Northwest Coast is the north Pacific coast of North America, from the Copper River delta on the Gulf of Alaska to the Winchuk River near the Oregon-California border, extending inland to the Chugach and Saint Elias ranges of Alaska, the Coast Mountains of British Columbia and the Cascade Range of Washington and Oregon. It includes the territories of the Native peoples of the coast from the Eyak to the Chetco. [Claire Warrior, July 1998]

Northwest Coast United States of AmericaCanada Siwash, Siwash This is derogatory and should NEVER be used. Siwash comes from the Chinook Jargon word which means ‘Indian’, and is derived from the French “sauvage”. It is a derogatory term. Use NW Coast alone in Group field, if no other indication as to the provenance of the object is given.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish CanadaUnited States of America British Columbia Washington Salish Coast Salish Please note, this is an umbrella term for numerous Nations and Peoples who speak Salish languages along the western coast of what is now Canada, extending to what is now known as the Olympic Peninsula in the State of Washington. Please use more specific cultural provenance is it can be determined.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Chehalis United States of America Washington Olympic Peninsula Lower Puget SoundSq’ʷayáiɬaqtmš, Tsihalis, Upper Chehalis Kwaiailk, Lower Chehalis, Coast Salish, Chehalis Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Cowichan Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Hul'qumi'num *, Hul'qumi'num Mustimuhw, Hul'qumi'num Treat Group, Coast Salish , Cowichan Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific Quw'utsun *, provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Cowlitz United States of America Washington Cowlitz River Basin Stl'pulmsh, Coast Salish, Chehalis, Quinault, Cowlitz Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. Please note, there is discrepancy over how many Peoples are included within the Umbrella Name 'Cowlitz'.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish K'ómoks * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Comox Toba InletKw'umuxws, Malaspina Comox,Peninsula George Strait Sathloot, Sasitla, Ieeksun, Puntledge, Cha'chae, Tatt'poos, Coast Comox Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific Salish , provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Lummi United States of AmericaCanada Washington Point Roberts Lummi Peninsula PortageLhaq'temish Island San *, Juan Xwlemi, Islands British Columbia Coast Salish, Lummi Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Nooksack United States of AmericaCanada Washington Skagit County George Strait Mount BakerNuxwsa'7aq Nooksack *, NoxwsRiver Britishʼáʔaq, Columbia Coast Salish, Nooksack Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Pentlatch Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Coast Salish , K'ómoks, Kwakwaka'wakw Qualicum, Pentlatch Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. Please note, the members of this Nation now, primarily live with members of the Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples in the Qualicum First Nation.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Puyallup United States of America Washington Puget Sound Puyallup River spuyaləpabš *, S’Puyalupubsh, Coast Salish, Puyallup Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Quinault United States of America Washington Western Coast Olympic Peninsula kʷínayɬ, Coast Salish, Quileute, Hoh, Quinault Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish S'Klallam * United States of AmericaCanada Washington Olympic Peninsula Kitsap Peninsula Britishnəxʷs Columbiaƛáy̕ ə̕ m ̕*, Klallam, Vancouver Island Becher Bay Clalam, Clallam, Clatam, Coast Salish, S'Klallam Klallam Clalam Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific Clallam Clatam provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Sauk-Suiattle United States of America Washington Sauk River Suiattle River StillaguamishSah-ku-mehu River Cascade *, River Skagit River North Cascade Mountains Puget Sound Coast Salish, Sauk-Suiattle Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish shíshálh * Canada British Columbia Jarvis Inlet Howe Sound Sechelt, Shishá7lh, Coast Salish , Sechelt Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Skwxwú7mesh * Canada British Columbia Point Grey Roberts Creek Howe SoundSkwxwú7mesh-ulh Squamish River *, Squamish, Cheakamus River Elaho River Mamquam River Whistler Coast Salish , Squamish Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Squaxin United States of America Washington Southern Puget Sounds inlets Coast Salish , Squaxin Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Stillaguamish United States of America Washington stuləgʷa'bš, Coast Salish , Stillaquamish Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Stó:lō * Canada British Columbia Fraser River Stó:lô, Stó:lõ, Staulo, Stolo, Coast Salish , Halkomelem Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, Halkomelm Halq'eméylem is the language spoken by the Stó:lō Nation.

5 Northwest Coast Coast Salish Suquamish * United States of America Washington Puget Sound Cascade Mountains Coast Salish , Suquamish Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Swinomish United States of America Washington Skagit River Valley Samish River Valley Skagit Bay Padilla Bay Fidalgo Bay Saratoga Passage Fidalgo Island Camano Island Whidbey Island San Juan Islands Coast Salish , Swinomish Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Twana / Skokomish United States of America Washington Kitsap Peninsula Hood Canal SqWuqWu'b3sh *, Twana, Tu-a'd'uh, Coast Salish, Nine Tribes of the Twana , Skokomish Twana Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coast Salish Upper Skagit United States of America Washington Skagit River Valley Sauk River Valley Coast Salish , Lower Skagit, Upper Skagit Please note, this is a specific Nation within the Coast Salish group of Peoples. If specific provenance cannot be determined, please use Coast Salish.

Northwest Coast Coos United States of America Oregon Coastal Range mountains Coast Coos River Lower Umpqua, Siuslaw, Hanis (Coos Proper), Miluk Coos, Coos Please note, the Coos Tribe consists of two groups who spoke separate Coos dialects, have unique histories and cultural differences: Hanis and Milluk. Both are affiliated with the Lower Umpqua Peoples and the Siuslaw Peoples as part of the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use, otherwise please use Coos.

Northwest Coast Coos Coos United States of America Oregon Southwestern Coastal Range mountains CoastHanis Coos *, Coos River Proper, Lower Umpqua, Siuslaw, Miluk Coos, Coos Please note, the Coos Tribe consists of two groups who spoke separate Coos dialects, have unique histories and cultural differences: Hanis and Milluk. Both are affiliated with the Lower Umpqua Peoples and the Siuslaw Peoples as part of the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use, otherwise please use Coos. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coos Miluk United States of America Oregon Southwestern Coastal Range mountains CoastMilluk Coos *, River Lower Umpqua, Siuslaw, Hanis (Coos Proper), Coos Please note, the Coos Tribe consists of two groups who spoke separate Coos dialects, have unique histories and cultural differences: Hanis and Milluk. Both are affiliated with the Lower Umpqua Peoples and the Siuslaw Peoples as part of the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use, otherwise please use Coos. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Coquille United States of America Oregon Southwestern Coast Coos Bay Coquille Northwest Coast Haida Canada British Columbia Haida Gwaii Xaadas, Xaayda *, Xaad, Xaat, Haida * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Haida Kaigani United States of America Alaska Prince of Wales Island Xaadas, Xaayda *, Xaad, Xaat, Kaigani * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Haisla Canada British Columbia Klemtu Kitamaat, Xa’islak’ala *, X̄ a’islakʼala, X̌ àʼislakʼala, X̣aʼislak’ala, Xai:sla, Kitlope, Haisla * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Gitamaat, Xa'is'la *, These People speak a Northern Wakashan language which is related to the Heiltsuk's People dialect.

Northwest Coast Heiltsuk Canada British Columbia Central Coast Bella Bella Bella Bella, Haíɫzaqv *, Seaward Tribe W̓ úyalitx̌ v, Calm Water Tribe Q̓vúqvayáitx̓ ̌ v, Roscoe Heiltsuk * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Inlet Tribe W̓ uí̓ ƛitx̓ ̌ v, The Y̓ísdá Tribe Y̓ísdáitx̌ v, Northern Downriver Please note, this Nation is comprised of 5 tribes. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, Tribe X̌ íx̌ ís, please add to the database and use. Otherwise Heiltsuk will suffice.

Northwest Coast Kalapuya United States of America Western Oregon Cascade Mountain Range Oregon Kalapooya,Coast Mountain Range Columbia River Calapooya Mountains Kalapuya

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Daʼ̱ naxdaʼxw̱ * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island New Vancouver Tsadzisʼnukwameʼ Tanakteuk, Tanakteuk * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw G̱usgimukw * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Quatsino X̱watis̱ Koskimo, Koskimo * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Gwa'sala * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Smiths Inlet Tak'us Gwasila, Gwasila * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Gwatʼsinuxw̱ * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Winter Harbour Oyag̱aḿ̱ la Quatsino, Quatsino * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Kwaguʼł * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Fort Rupert Tsaxis̱ Kwakiutl, Kwakiutl DO NOT CONFUSE WITH ANGLICISED VERSION OF THE NAME OF THE NATION. This entry refers to the highest level Tribe within the Kwakwaka'wakw Nation. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Weka'yi Kwiakah Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Cape Mudge TʼsaLaich-Kwil-Tach,kwa̱ ʼ̱ lutaṉ Kwiakah Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Weka'yi * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Cape Mudge Tʼsakwa̱ ʼ̱ lutaṉ Cape Mudge, Cape Mudge * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw Wiwek'am * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Campbell River Tłaʼmataxw Campbell River, Campbell River * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw ʼNam̱ ǥis * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Cheslakees Xwalkw̱ Nimkish, Nimpkish, Nimpkish Nimkish * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this is 1 of 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. Only use if specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Kwakwaka'wakw * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Kwakiutl, Kwakwaka'waka * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, there are 17 Bands of Kwakwaka'wakw Peoples within this Umbrella term/Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Kwakwaka'wakw should be used. For detailed information about each tribe and location, refer to https://www.umista.ca/pages/ kwakwakawakw-tribes

Northwest Coast Lower Umpqua United States of America Oregon Southwestern Coastal Range mountains UmquahQuuiich River *, Kuitsch, Coos, Siuslaw, Lower Umpqua Affiliated with the Coos Peoples and the Siuslaw Peoples as part of the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Makah United States of America Washington Olympic Peninsula qʷi·qʷi·diččaq *, qwiqwidicciat, Clapet, Classet, Nuu-chah-nulth, Ditidaht, Makah Clapet Classet * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Nuu-chah-nulth Tla-o-qui-aht * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Clayoquot, Tla-o-qui-aht Clayoquot Please note, this is an umbrella term for a Nation with many Tribes and bands. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use. Otherwise, please use this term. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Nuu-chah-nulth * Canada British Columbia Vancouver Island Nuučaanu̓ łʔatḥ, Nootka, Nuu-chah-nulth Please note, this is an umbrella term for a Nation with 14 bands. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use. Otherwise, please use this term. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Nuxalk Canada British Columbia Central Coast Bella Coola Valley Nuxalkmc *, Bella Coola, Bilhoula, Bilchula, Nutl'lmc, Talyumc, Kwalhnmc, Istamc, Nuxalk-mc, Nuxalk Bella Coola Bilhoula * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, this Nation is comprised at least 5 Peoples from different locations in the region. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use. Otherwise Nuxalk will suffice.

Northwest Coast Quileute Hoh United States of America Washington Olympic Peninsula Hoh River WatershedChalá:at *, Quileute, Quileute * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Northwest Coast Quileute Quileute United States of America Washington Olympic Peninsula Ko'liyot *, Quillayute, Hoh, Quileute * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Northwest Coast Siletz United States of America Oregon dan’-dee-ni *, Siletz * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, the use of the word Siletz refers to a Nation comprised of over 10 independent Peoples, and two main language groups: Salish and Tolowa.

6 Northwest Coast Tlingit United States of AmericaCanada Alaska British Columbia Yukon Lingít Nation, Northern Tlingit, Southern Tlingit, Gulf Coast Tlingit, Tlingit Please note, there are many Peoples who are considered to be part of the Tlingit Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Tlingit will suffice.

Northwest Coast Tlingit Chilkat CanadaUnited States of America British Columbia Yukon Chilkat Peninsula Jilḵáat Ḵwáan, tʃiɬqʰáːt qʰʷáːn, Northern Tlingit, Chilkat Please note, this is one People within the larger Tlingit Nation. If specific cultural provenance cannot be determined, please use Tlingit.

Northwest Coast Tlingit Taku CanadaUnited States of America British Columbia Taku River Basin Tʼaaḵu Ḵwáan, tʼaːqʰu qʰʷáːn, Northern Tlingit, Inland Tlingit, Taku Please note, this is one People within the larger Tlingit Nation. If specific cultural provenance cannot be determined, please use Tlingit.

Northwest Coast Tsimshian Canada British Columbia Ts’msyen *, Tsimshian Please note, there are many Peoples who are considered to be part of the Tsimshian Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use it, otherwise Tsimshian will suffice. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Tsimshian Gitxsan Canada British Columbia Skeena River Gitksan, Interior Tsimshian, Gidikshan, Gitksan Please note, there are many Peoples who are considered to be part of the Tsimshian Nation. If no specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use Tsimshian.

Northwest Coast Tsimshian Nisga'a Canada Northwest British Columbia Nass River Valley Nishga, Nisga'a Please note, there are many Peoples who are considered to be part of the Tsimshian Nation. If no specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use Tsimshian.

Northwest Coast Upper Umpqua United States of America West Central Oregon Umpqua River Umpqua, Umpquah, Umpqua Upper Umpqua Umpqua an Athabascan (Dené) group, and ONLY relates to Upper Umpqua Peoples. Northwest Coast Wuikinuxv * Canada British Columbia Central Coast Rivers Inlet Owikeno Lake Oweekeno, Oweekeno * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Northwest Coast Xai'xais * Canada British Columbia Klemtu Haihais, Haihais * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. These People speak a Northern Wakashan language which is related to the Heiltsuk's People dialect.

Northwest Coast Plateau Chinook United States of America Washington Oregon Lower Middle Columbia River Chinook This term represents at least 13 different Peoples who speak Chinookan languages, and live in the North West Coast region as well as the Plateau region. Please use as precise cultural provenance as can be determined, otherwise Chinook will suffice.

Northwest Coast Plateau Chinook Warm Springs United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia River The Dalles Wasco, Upper Deschutes / Tygh, Lower Deschutes / Wyam, Tenino, Warm Springs Sahaptin Please only use if precise cultural provenance as can be determined, otherwise Chinook will John Day / Dock-spus, suffice. This term relates to four related bands, listed in Related Groups. If even more specific cultural provenance can be determined, please create a new entry and use.

Northwest Coast Plateau Chinook Wasco United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia River The Dalles Wacq!ó, Wasco, Watlala, Wasco Please only use if precise cultural provenance as can be determined, otherwise Chinook will suffice. These People are now affiliated with the Wasco, and are referred to as Wasco-Wishram.

Northwest Coast Plateau Chinook Watlala United States of America Washington Oregon Lower Middle Columbia River Cascades Indians, Wasco, Cascades This term represents one of at least 13 different Peoples who speak Chinookan languages, and live in the North West Coast region as well as the Plateau region. Please use as precise cultural provenance as can be determined, otherwise Chinook will suffice.

Northwest Coast Plateau Chinook Wishram United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia River The Dalles Tlakluit, Echeloot, Ila'xluit, Wasco, Wishram Please only use if precise cultural provenance as can be determined, otherwise Chinook will suffice. These People are now affiliated with the Wasco, and are referred to as Wasco-Wishram.

Northwest Coast Plateau Nisqually United States of America Washington Mount Ranier Puget Sound Nasqually, Squally-absch *, sq̓ʷaliʼabš *, Squalli-Absch, 'Susqually'absh, Salish Peoples of the North West Coast , Nisqually * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plains United States of AmericaCanada Great Plains Plains Plains Only use if no more specific cultural group can be determined. Generally refers to Peoples West of the Mississippi River - BUT the Woodlands Peoples also moved West of the Mississippi even before their forced removal to areas in the Plains like Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, for example. Not a very useful term.

Plains Aaniiih United States of America Montana Gros Ventre, A'aninin, Haaninin, ʔɔʔɔɔ̋ ɔ́ niinénnɔh, Gros Ventres of the Prairies, Atsina, Arapaho, Cheyenne, Gros Ventre * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Do not confuse with the Hidatsa People who were once known as the Gros Ventres of the Missouri.

Plains Arapaho United States of America Colorado Wyoming Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Hinono'eino *, Hinonoeino, Arapahoe, Inun-ina, Hinono'eiteen, Hinono'ei *, Cheyenne, Lakota, Dakota, Northern Arapaho (Nank'haanseine), Arapahoe (do not use) Arapaho * This is the term the Arapaho use for themselves. Southern Arapaho (Nawathi'neha),

Plains Arikara United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Sahnish, Hundi, Arikaree, Arikari, Mandan, Hidatsa, Caddo, Kichai, Pawnee, Wichita, Arikara Arikari Plains Arikara United States of America South Dakota Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi, Three Affiliated Tribes, Mandan, Hidatsa, Pawnee, The Mandan People live with the Hidatsa People and the Arikara People as the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes, on a shared reservation in North Dakota.

Plains Assiniboine United States of AmericaCanada Montana North Dakota Manitoba Saskatchewan AlbertaNakoda Oyadebi, Nakoda *, Hohe, Assiniboin, Dakota, Cree (Nīhithawīwin), Iron Confederacy, Stoney Nakoda, Assiniboine Assiniboin Nakota *This is the term used by the Assiniboine People to refer to themselves. Similar, but separate from [do not use] the Stoney-Nakoda Dakota people who live in what is now Canada. Do not confuse with the Yankton - Yanktonai of the Sioux - Oceti Sakowin.

Plains Assiniboine Stoney Nakoda CanadaUnited States of America Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Montana Îyârhe Nakodabi, Iyarhe Nakoda *, Iyethkabi, Rocky Mountain Sioux, Stoney, Warriors of the Rocks, Dakota, Cree (Nīhithawīwin), Iron Confederacy, Dakota, Nakota Stoney (Assiniboine) *This is the term used by these Peoples to refer to themselves. Cutthroat Indians, wapamathe, Cree Do not confuse with the Yankton - Yanktonai of the Sioux - Oceti Sakowin.

Plains Blackfoot Confederacy United States of AmericaCanada Montana Alberta Saskatchewan Niitsitapi, Siksikaitsitapi, Niitsítapi, ᖹᐟᒧᐧᒣᑯ, Kainai, Piikani, Siksika, Blackfeet, Tsuu T'ina, Blackfoot Please use this term if specific Nation/Tribal provenance cannot be determined. Plains Blackfoot Confederacy Kainai CanadaUnited States of America Alberta Montana Kainaiwa, Kainaa, Káínawa, Blood, Blood Kainai, Piikani / Piegan, Siksika, Tsuu T'ina, Blood Kainai [do not use] Only use if provenance is definite, if it is not, please use Blackfoot Confederacy. Plains Blackfoot Confederacy Piegan United States of America Montana Aamsskáápipikani, Southern Piikani, Pikani, Blackfeet, Kainai, Siksika, Tsuu T'ina, Piegan [do not use] Pikani Only use if provenance is definite, if it is not, please use Blackfoot Confederacy. Peigan [do not use] Blackfeet Please note this is the term for Piikani People who live in what is now the United States. For the Peoples who live in what is now Canada, please use Piikani.

Plains Blackfoot Confederacy Piikani Canada Alberta Peigan, Pikani, Pikuni, Piikuni, Piegan, Aapátohsipikáni, Piegan, Kainai, Siksika, Tsuu T'ina, Piegan [do not use] Pikani Only use if provenance is definite, if it is not, please use Blackfoot Confederacy. Peigan [do not use] Please note this is the term for Piikani People who live in what is now the Canada. For the Peoples who live in what is now the United States, please use Piegan.

Plains Blackfoot Confederacy Siksika CanadaUnited States of America Alberta Saskatchewan Montana Blackfoot, Blackfeet, Kainai, Piikani / Piegan, Tsuu T'ina, Siksika Blackfoot Only use if provenance is definite, if it is not, please use Blackfoot Confederacy. Blackfeet is a term used for Blackfoot Nations in the United States.

Plains Caddo United States of America Texas Louisiana Arkansas Oklahoma Caddo Confederacy, Caddo

Plains Cheyenne United States of America Minnesota North Dakota South Dakota Montana OklahomaTséstho'e, Só'taeo'o, Só'taétaneo'o, Suhtai, Sutaio, Tsétsêhéstâhese *, Shihan, Arapaho, Blackfoot, Northern Cheyenne / Notameohmésêhese, Cheyenne Shihan [do not use] * This is the term many members of this Nation use to refer to themselves. Tsitsistas *, Tsêhéstáno, Southern Cheyenne / Heévâhetaneo,

Plains Comanche United States of America Wyoming Nebraska Colorado Kansas New MexicoN ʉTexasmʉn ʉʉ Oklahoma *, Shihan, Shoshone, Comanche * This is the term members of this Nation use to refer to themselves.

Plains Cree CanadaUnited States of America Alberta Saskatchewan Minnesota North Dakota MontanaNehiyawak, paskwâwiyiniwak, Plains Cree, ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ, Iyiniwok, Ininiwok, Mushkegowuk, Omaškêkowak, Eeyouch, Atikamekw, Nīhithawīwin, Plains Cree This is a general entry for the Plains Cree people in both Canada and the USA. There is overlap between the Plains Cree, and the Cree Nations of the Woodlands and Subarctic as these are artificial designations. Use this term by itself sparingly, and only when more definite provenance cannot be determined.

Plains Cree Driftpile Cree Nation Canada Alberta Driftpile Reserve South side of Lesser SlaveNehiyawak, Lake Iyiniwok, Ininiwok, Grand Council of the Crees, Plains Cree Driftpile First Nation This is a general entry for the Plains Cree people in both Canada and the USA. There is overlap between the Plains Cree, and the Cree Nations of the Woodlands and Subarctic as these are artificial designations. Use this term sparingly, and only when more definite provenance cannot be determined.

Plains Cree Nekaneet First Nation Canada Saskatchewan Cypress Hills Nehiyawak, Iyiniwok, Ininiwok, File Hills Qu'Appelle Tribal Council, Plains Cree Nekaneet First This is a general entry for the Plains Cree people in both Canada and the USA. There is overlap Nation between the Plains Cree, and the Cree Nations of the Woodlands and Subarctic as these are artificial designations. Use this term sparingly, and only when more definite provenance cannot be determined.

Plains Cree Star Blanket Cree Nation Canada Saskatchewan Fort Qu'Appelle Balcarres Nehiyawak, Iyiniwok, Ininiwok, File Hills Qu'Appelle Tribal Council, Plains Cree Starblanket First This is a general entry for the Plains Cree people in both Canada and the USA. There is overlap Nation between the Plains Cree, and the Cree Nations of the Woodlands and Subarctic as these are artificial designations. Use this term sparingly, and only when more definite provenance cannot be determined.

Plains Crow United States of America Wyoming Montana North Dakota Yellowstone RiverApsáalooke Valley *, Absaroka, Apsaroke, Asackie, Hidatsa, Crow * This is the term Crow people use for themselves. Plains Hidatsa United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Hiraacá *, Minnetaree, Hiratsa, Gros Ventres of the Missouri, Three Affiliated Tribes, Mandan, Arikara, Crow, Mandan-Hidatsa [do not use] The Mandan People live with the Hidatsa People and the Arikara People as the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes, on a shared reservation in North Dakota. * This is the term these Peoples call themselves. Do not confuse with the Aahiiih / Gros Ventres Peoples who were also known as the Gros Ventres of the Prairie.

Plains Kiowa United States of America Montana Colorado Oklahoma Ka'igwu, Cáuigù, Gaigwu, Kiowa Please note this is the general entry for these Nations. Only use if more specific cultural provenance can be determined.

Plains Mandan United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Miiti Naamni, Numakaki, Nųmą́ khų́ ·ki, Rųwą́ ʔka·ki, Nueta, Nų́ ʔetaa, Three Affiliated Tribes, Hidatsa, Arikara, Mandan-Hidatsa [do not use] The Mandan People live with the Hidatsa People and the Arikara People as the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes, on a shared reservation in North Dakota.

Plains Missouria United States of America Missouri Oklahoma Missouri River Valley Great LakesMissouri, Niúachi, Niutachi, Nutachi *, Otoe, Winnebago, Iowa, Otoe-Missouria * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Otoe-Missouria is a US Federally recognised Tribe in Oklahoma, which is comprised of Otoe Peoples and Missouria Peoples.

Plains Omaha United States of America Iowa Nebraska Upper Missouri River Ohio River ValleyUmoⁿhoⁿ, Umonhon, Ponca, Quapaw, Kansa, Osage, Omaha * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Plains Osage United States of America Kentucky Missouri Arkansas Kansas Oklahoma OhioWahzhazhe River Valley *, Missouri River Maha, Omaha, Quapaw, Kansa, Ponca, Otoe, Iowa, Osage * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plains Otoe United States of America Great Lakes Nebraska Kansas Iowa Missouri MissouriOto, JiwereRiver Valley *, Missouria, Winnebago, Iowa, Otoe-Missouria * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Otoe-Missouria is a US Federally recognised Tribe in Oklahoma, which is comprised of Otoe Peoples and Missouria Peoples.

Plains Pawnee United States of America Nebraska Iowa Oklahoma Paairiu, Chahiksichahiks, Chaticks-si-chaticks *, Chaticks si chaticks , Chaui, Kitkehahki, Pitahawirata, Skidi, Caddo, Kitsai, Wichita, Arikara, Pawnee * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Plains Ponca United States of America Missouri Iowa Nebraska Oklahoma Ohio River ValleyPá ⁿ Missourika, Ppáⁿkka, River Omaha, Quapaw, Kansa, Osage, Ponca * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin United States of AmericaCanada Minnesota Wisconsin Nebraska North Dakota SouthOč Dakotaeti Šakówi Montanaŋ, Očhethi Manitoba Šakówi ŋSaskatchewan, Great Sioux Nation, Alberta Lakota / Teton, Western Dakota / Yankton - Yanktonai, Eastern Dakota / Sioux Please note this is the general entry for these Nations. Only use if more specific cultural Santee, Nakoda, Assiniboine, provenance can be determined.

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Dakota United States of AmericaCanada Minnesota Wisconsin Nebraska North Dakota SouthDak Dakotaȟóta, Dakhóta, Montana Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Lakota / Teton, Nakoda, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Dakota Please note, this is an umbrella term for Sioux People who speak the Dakota language, and is Yanktonai, Eastern Dakota / Santee, comprised of the Western Dakota / Yankton - Yankatonai Peoples, and the Eastern Dakota / Santee - Sisseton Peoples. Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If more specific cultural provenance can be used, please use that. If the only cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin

7 Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota United States of America Minnesota North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming MontanaLakȟóta, ThítNebraskaȟuŋwaŋ, Tetonwan, Teton Sioux, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Assiniboine, Lakota Teton Lakota [do not use] Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Western Dakota / Yankton - Yanktonai, Sičháŋǧu - Brulé, Oglála, cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Itazipco - Sans Arc, Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet ,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Montana Honkpapa, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Sicangu - Brulé, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Itazipco cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin - Sans Arc, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet ,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Itazipco - Sans Arc United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Montana NebraskaItázipčho, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Sicangu - Brulé, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet ,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Mnicoujou United States of America South Dakota Hokwoju, Mnikȟówožu, Miniconjou, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Sicangu - Brulé, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Itazipco cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin - Sans Arc, Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Sihásapa - Blackfeet ,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Oglala United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Montana NebraskaOglála, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Oglala Lakota Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Sicangu - Brulé, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Itazipco - Sans cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Arc, Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet ,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Oohenumpa - Two Kettles United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Montana NebraskaOóhenuŋpa, Oonenumpa, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Sicangu - Brulé, Itazipco - Sans Arc, Húŋkpapȟa - cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet , * This is the term used by these Peoples to identify themselves.

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Sicangu - Brulé United States of America North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Montana NebraskaSičháŋǧu *, Sičháŋǧu Oyáte, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Itazipco - Sans Arc, cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou, Sihásapa - Blackfeet , * This is the term used by these Peoples to identify themselves.

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Lakota Sihásapa - Blackfeet United States of America South Dakota Siha Sapa, Sihásapa, Blackfoot, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Yankton - Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yanktonai, Oglala, Sicangu - Brulé, Oohenumpa - Two Kettles, Itazipco cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin - Sans Arc, Húŋkpapȟa - Hunkpapa, Mnicoujou,

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Santee United States of America Minnesota North Dakota South Dakota Iowa Eastern Dakota, Isáŋyathi, Isáŋ-athi, Eastern Dakota / Santee , Lakota, Assiniboine, Western Dakota / Dakota [do not use] Santee Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only Yankton - Yanktonai, cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Yankton United States of America South Dakota Nebraska Ihanktonwan *, Wičhíyena, Iháŋkthuŋwaŋ, Western Dakota, Nakota, Nakoda, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Lakota, Assiniboine, Yanktonai, Nakota [do not use] Yankton Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin. * This is the term these People use for themselves. Do not confuse with the Assiniboine, who have also been referred to as Nakota. Do not confuse with the Yanktonai, who are also members of the Sioux - Oceti Sakowin

Plains Sioux - Oceti Sakowin Yanktonai United States of America South Dakota Nebraska Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋna, Wičhíyena, Ihanktonwan *, Western Dakota, Nakota, Nakoda, Eastern Dakota / Santee, Lakota, Assiniboine, Yankton, Nakota [do not use] Yankton [do Please only use if there is information which supports this designation is available. If the only not use] cultural provenance that can be determined is that it is Sioux, please use Sioux - Oceti Sakowin. * This is the term these People use for themselves. Do not confuse with the Yankton, who are also members of the Sioux - Oceti Sakowin

Plains Tsuut'ina Canada Alberta Tsuu T'ina, Tsu T'ina, Tsúùt'ínà, Sarcee, Sarsi, Siksika, Cree, Stoney-Nakoda, Sarcee [do not use] Tsuu T'ina * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plateau United States of AmericaCanada Plateau This term refers to the geographical region between the Rocky Mountains and the (west) coastal mountain systems of North America, and is bounded on the south by the Salmon River (excluding California). The Peoples who live in this region are varied in terms of languages and cultures, and so this term is not overly representative. If more specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use that, and use this sparingly.

Plateau Cayuse United States of America Oregon Blue Mountains Deschutes River Liksiyu, Waileptu, Umatilla, Walla Walla, Nez Perce, Cayuse Plateau Coeur d'Alene United States of America Eastern Washington Northern Idaho Western MontanaSchitsu'umsh *, Skitswish, Schitsu'Umsh, Salish Coeur D'Alene * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language.

Plateau Colville United States of America Washington Columbia Colville River sx̌ ʷyʔiɬp, Shwoyelpi, Scheulpi, Chualpay, Swhy-ayl-puh, Colville These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Plateau Kalispel United States of America Western Montana Idaho Washington Qlispé̓ *, Pend d'Oreille, Flathead, Kootenai, Salish, Pend D'Oreille * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, the Salish / Séliš Peoples and the Kalispel / Qlispé̓ Peoples are separate Peoples, but are related and see themselves as related. If specific cultural provenance cannot be determined, please use both.

Plateau Kittitas United States of America Washington Upper Yakima River Upper Yakama, Pshwánwapam, Psch-wan-wap-pam, Pish-wana-pum, Klickitat, Yakama, Taitnapam, Wanapum, Stl'pulmsh, Kittitas Plateau Klamath United States of America Oregon California Klamath Basin Maklak, maqlaqs, ?ewksiknii *, Modoc, Klamath * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plateau Klickitat United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia River Klickitat, Qwû'lh-hwai-pûm *, χwálχwaypam, X̣ʷáɬxʷ̣ aypam, Yakama, Klikitat * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plateau Kootenai United States of AmericaCanada Montana Idaho British Columbia Kutenai, Ktunaxa *, Ksanka, Kootenay, Flathead, Kalispel , Salish, Ktunaxa Nation, Kootenai * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves, especially in Canada.

Plateau Lil'wat Canada British Columbia southern Coast Mountains Fraser CanyonLillooet, Líl wat *, Liľwat7úl, Stát̓ y̓ emc,̓ St'at'imc, Stát̓ imc,̓ Stl'atl'imx, Lillooet * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language.

Plateau Nez Perce United States of America Washington Idaho Oregon Montana Wyoming Nimiipuu *, Niimíipuu, * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plateau Nlaka'pamux United States of AmericaCanada Washington British Columbia Nłeʔkepmx, Nlakapamuk, Nlaka'Pamux, Thompson, Thompson Salish, Klackarpun, Haukamaugh, Okanagan, Scw'exmx, Nlaka'pamux These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Knife Indians, Couteau Indians,

Plateau Palus United States of America Washington Idaho Palouse, Colville, Sinixt, Nez Perce, Palouse Plateau Salish United States of America Western Montana Rockie Mountains Salish, Bitterroot Salish, Selis, Séliš *, Flathead, Kootenai, Kalispel / Qlispé,̓ Flathead * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, the Salish / Séliš Peoples and the Kalispel / Qlispé̓ Peoples are separate Peoples, but are related and see themselves as related. If specific cultural provenance cannot be determined, please use both.

Plateau Secwépemc Canada British Columbia Shuswap, Shuswap These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Plateau Sinixt CanadaUnited States of America British Columbia Washington sngaytskstx, snʕáyckstx, Sin-Aikst, Sin Aikst, Lakes, Senjextee, Arrow Lakes Band, Lakes These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Plateau Spokane United States of America Washington Idaho Montana SNXʷMENEʔ, Spokan, Spoqe'ind, Spoqín, Sqeliz, Sp'q'n'i, Sp'q'n'iʔ, Syilx / Okanagan, Kalispel, Salish, Kootenay, These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Plateau Stl'pulmsh United States of America Washington Upper Yakima River Lower Cowlitz, Klickitat, Yakama, Kittitas, Wanapum, Taitnapam, Plateau Syilx / Okanagan United States of AmericaCanada Washington Columbia Colville River British ColumbiaOkanogan, Spokane, Colville, Nez Perce, Kalispel, Secwempemc, Nlaka'pamux, Northern Okanagan These Peoples speak a [Plateau/Interior] Salish language. Plateau Taitnapam United States of America Washington Upper Yakima River Upper Cowlitz, Taidnapam, Táitinpam, Klickitat, Yakama, Kittitas, Wanapum, Stl'pulmsh, Taitnapam This name refers to both the Upper Cowlitz People (Taitnapam) and the Lower Cowlitz People (Stl'pulmsh).

Plateau Umatilla United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia Plateau Lower ColumbiaImmatallum, River Umatilla River Cayuse, Walla Walla, Umatilla Plateau Walla Walla United States of America Washington Oregon Columbia River Snake River WallaWaluulapam, Walla River Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla Plateau Wanapum United States of America Washington Upper Yakima River Wánapam, Klickitat, Yakama, Kittitas, Stl'pulmsh, Wanapam

Plateau Yakama United States of America Washington Columbia River Cascade Mountains Yakima, E-yak-ma, Iyakima, Mamachatpam, Klickitat, Kittitas, Taitnapam, Wanapum, Stl'pulmsh, Yakima * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Plateau California Modoc United States of America Northern California Southern Oregon Klamath, Moatokni Maklak, Mode [do not use] Modoc Please note, these Peoples are known as Modoc in California and Klamath in Oregon. Southeast Biloxi United States of America Mississippi Gulf of Mexico Louisiana Texas Taneks-haya, Tanêks *, Yazoo, Koroa, Tioux, Tunica, Tunica-Biloxi, Only use this term if definite provenance can be determined. * This is the Siouan Biloxi word for the Biloxi

Southeast Tonkawa United States of America Texas Oklahoma Tickanwa'tic *, Tickanwa-tic *, Tonkaweya, Wichita, Waco, Tawakoni, Kichai, Guichita, Tonkawa * This is the Tonkawa term for Tonkawa. Southeast Tunica United States of America Arkansas Central Mississippi Valley Louisiana MississippiYoron, Lower Mississippi Valley Tonica, Tonnica, Thonnica, Yazoo, Koroa, Tioux, Biloxi, Tunica-Biloxi, Only use this term if definite provenance can be determined. Southeast Tunica-Biloxi United States of America Louisiana Yazoo, Koroa, Tioux, Tunica, Biloxi, Ofo, Avoyel, Choctaw, Tunica-Biloxi This is a nation that developed when the Tunica People moved south and east and began intermarrying with the Biloxi People. This is also the name of a US Federally recognised tribe based in Louisiana.

Southeast Woodlands Catawba United States of America South Carolina yeh is-WAH h'reh, Yeh Iswah h'reh, Ye Iswa, Yį Įsuwą, Iswä, Iswa *, Issa, Essa, Lumbee, Waccamaw, Eno, Shakori, Eastern Siouan peoples, ObjectsPRM uses the term Catawba. * This is the Catawba term for Catawba.

Southeast Woodlands Cherokee United States of America North Carolina Tennessee South Carolina Georgia ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯᎢAlabama Oklahoma, Ani'yunwi'ya, Arkansas Aniyvwiyaʔi, ᏣᎳᎩ, Tsalagi *, Keetoowah , Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee, Seminole, ObjectsPRM uses the term Cherokee. * This is the Cherokee word for Cherokee.

Southeast Woodlands Chickasaw United States of America Mississippi Alabama Tennessee Oklahoma Chikasha *, Chikashsha Yaki, Choctaw, Cherokee, Seminole, Muscogee, ObjectsPRM uses the term Chickasaw. * This is the Chickasaw word for Chickasaw

Southeast Woodlands Chitimacha United States of America Louisiana Atchafalaya Basin Chetimachan, Sitimacha, Chitimaca, Chitimacha Chitimaca Southeast Woodlands Choctaw United States of America Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Oklahoma Chahta *, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Muscogee, Seminole, ObjectsPRM uses the term Choctaw. * This is the Choctaw word for Choctaw

Southeast Woodlands Houma United States of America Louisiana Huma, Choctaw, ObjectsPRM uses the term Houma.

Southeast Woodlands Muscogee United States of America Tennessee Alabama Georgia Florida Louisiana TexasCreek, Oklahoma Mvskoke, Muskogee, Muscogee Creek, Muscogee Creek Seminole, Yuchi, Chickasaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek In the mid 18th - early 19th century a large population of Muscogee people relocated to Florida and Confederacy, Mvskokvlke, Mvskoke Etvlwv, Muskogi, began intermarrying with the Seminole people.

Southeast Woodlands Muscogee Miccosukee United States of America Georgia North Carolina South Carolina Florida Creek, Mvskoke, Oconee, Mikasuki, i:Iaponathli, Seminole, Miccosukee

Southeast Woodlands Seminole United States of America Florida Oklahoma Choctaw, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Muscogee, Miccosukee, ObjectsPRM uses the term Seminole.

Southern Plains United States of America Great Plains Plains S Plains Only use if no more specific cultural group can be determined. Southwest Akimel O'odham United States of America Arizona Gila River Salt River Santa Cruz Upper Pima, Akimel O'otham, Pima, Upper O'otha, O'odham, Maricopa, Ak-Chin O'odham, Sobaipuri, Tohono O'odham, Akimel O'odham Hia C-ed O'odham,

Southwest Apache United States of America Arizona Apache Please note, this is an umbrella term for several related Peoples. Please only use if more specific cultural provenance cannot be determined.

8 Southwest Apache Chiricahua Apache United States of AmericaMexico Arizona New Mexico Northern Sonora Chihuahua Nde, Ne, Néndé, Héndé, Hen-de, Chuckunende, Chiricahua Please only use if specific cultural provenance has been determined. Otherwise, please use Apache.

Southwest Apache Jicarilla United States of America New Mexico Colorado Texas Kansas. Oklahoma Haisndayin , Kinya-Inde, Chiricahua, Kiowa, Lipan, Mescalero, Navajo, Tonto, Jicarilla Please only use if specific cultural provenance has been determined. Otherwise, please use Apache.

Southwest Apache Mescalero United States of AmericaMexico New Mexico Texas Sonora Coahuila Chihuahua Shis-Inday, Mashgalénde, Mashgalé-neí, Mashgalé-õde, Ndé, Chiricahua, Kiowa, Lipan, Jicarilla, Navajo, Tonto, Mescalero Please only use if specific cultural provenance has been determined. Otherwise, please use Apache.

Southwest Apache San Carlos United States of America Arizona New Mexico Nde *, Tiis Zhaazhe Bikoh, Western Apache, Tsékʼáádn, San Carlos Apache Please only use if specific cultural provenance has been determined. Otherwise, please use Apache. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Apache White Mountain United States of America Arizona New Mexico Nde , N'dee *, Western Apache, Dził Łigai Si'án N'dee, White Mountain Apache Please only use if specific cultural provenance has been determined. Otherwise, please use Apache. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Cocopah United States of AmericaMexico Arizona Baja California Sonora Cocopa, Xawiƚƚ kwñchawaay *, Cucapá, Kwapa, Kwii Capáy, Cocopah * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Southwest Havasupai United States of America Arizona Grand Canyon Havasu Canyon Havsuw' Baaja *, Havasooa Pa'a, Nyav-kapai, Hualapai, Havasupai * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Southwest Havasupai United States of America 'Arizona Grand Canyon Cataract Canyon Coconino Havsuw'County HavasupaiBaaja *, Havasooa Indian Reservation Pa'a, Nyav-kapai, Supai' Hualapai, Supai Please note Supai refers to the name of the main city of the Havasupai Nation on the Havasupai Reservation in Arizona. IT IS NOT A CULTURAL GROUP. Supai should be replaced by Havasupai in Cultural Group Name, and in geographic location it should read: 'Arizona Grand Canyon Cataract Canyon Coconino County Havasupai Indian Reservation Supai'

Southwest Hualapai United States of America Arizona Colorado River Grand Canyon Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai, Mojave, Hualapai Southwest Maricopa United States of AmericaMexico Arizona Gila River Salt River Colorado River SonoraXalychidom Piipaash *, Piipaash *, Piipaa, Akimel O'odham, Maricopa * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Southwest Mojave United States of America California Nevada Arizona Mojave Desert ColoradoMohave, River Pipa Aha Macav *, Aha Macav *, 'Aha Macav, Havasupai, Yavapai, Hualapai, Mohave * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Navajo United States of America Utah Arizona New Mexico Navaho, Diné *, Navajo Navaho * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Please note, there are many different bands who belong to the Navajo Nation / are Diné Peoples. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use.

Southwest Pueblo United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Anasazi, Hopi, Pueblo Please note, there are 19 different Pueblo Peoples. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo.

Southwest Pueblo Acoma United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Akome, Acu, Acuo, Ako, Haakú *, Keresan [with Acoma in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be Region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Cochiti United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado KO-TYIT *, Kotyit, K'úutìlim'é, Keresan [with Cochiti in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi-Tewa United States of America Northeastern Arizona tʰáánu tééwa, tʰáánu, hááno, háánòwɨ, Tano, Hano, Tewa *, Arizona Tewa, Hopi, Santa Clara, Ohkay Owingeh, Tewa [with Tewa Village (Hano) in Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be Region] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi-Tewa Polacca United States of America Northeastern Arizona Colorado Plateau Tewa *, Hopi, Tewa [with Polacca in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Isleta United States of America New Mexico Tiwa *, Tue-I, Tigua, Tiwa [with Isleta in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tiwa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Jemez United States of America New Mexico Walatowa *, Towa [with Jemez in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Towa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Kewa United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Santa Domingo, Keresan [with Santa Domingo in Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be the region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Laguna United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Ka'waika *, Keresan [with Laguna in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Nambe United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Nambe O-Ween-Gee, Nanbe' Owingeh *, Nambé o-ween-gé, Tewa [with Nambe in the region Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Ohkay Owingeh * United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado ʔòhkèː ʔówĩ̂ŋgè, San Juan, Tewa [with San Juan in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Pecos United States of America New Mexico Cicuique , Cicuye, Towa [with Pecos in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Towa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Picuris United States of America New Mexico Pe'ewi *, Pikuria, Pi'wwel, Tiwa [with Picuris in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tiwa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Pojoaque United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Rio Grande River PO-SUWAE-GEH*, Po-suwae-geh Owingeh, Tewa [with Pojoaque in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo San Felipe United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Katishtya *, Keresan [with San Felipe in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo San Ildefonso United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Po-woh-ge-oweenge *, Po-Wo-Geh-Owingeh *, Tewa [with San Ildefonso in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Sandia United States of America New Mexico NA-FIAT *, Tuf Shurn tia, Nafiat, Tiwa [with Sandia in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tiwa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Santa Ana United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Tamaya , Tamayame *, Keresan [with Santa Ana in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Santa Clara United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Kha'p'oo Owinge *, xɑ̀ ʔp’òː ʔówîŋgè, Kha P'o, Tewa [with Santa Clara in the Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be region field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Taos United States of America New Mexico Tuah-Tah *, Tiwa [with Taos in Region] Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tiwa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Tesuque United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado TET-SUGEH *, Tetsuge Owingeh, tèʔts’úgé ʔówîŋgè, Tewa [with Tesuque in the region Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Ysleta del Sur United States of America Texas Tigua *, Tiwa, Tigua [with Ysleta del Sur in Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be Region] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Tewa language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Zia United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado Tsi-ya *, Ts'íiy'am'é , Keresan [with Zia in the region Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be field] determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak a Keresan language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Zuni United States of America New Mexico Arizona Colorado She-wa-na, A:shiwi *, Zuni Please note, this relates to a specific Pueblo Nation. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Pueblo. These Peoples speak the Zuni language. * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Hopituh Shi-nu-mu, Moki, Moqui, Pueblo, Hopi Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi.

9 Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Awatovi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa Awatovi Hopi [with Awatovi in the Region] Please note, there are many different Hopi Peoples. If specific cultural provenance can be determined, please use. Otherwise, please use Hopi Please note, this now refers to an archaeological space, as it was destroyed in 1700, and the Peoples scattered.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Bacavi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa Hotevilla-BacaviPaaqavi *, Hopi [with Bacabi in the Region] Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Hotevilla United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa Hotevilla-BacaviHoatvela *, Hotavila, Hopi [with Hotevilla in the Region] Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Kykotsmovi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa KykotsmoviKiqötsmovi *, Kyakotsmovi, New Oraibi, Hopi [with Kyakotmovi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Mishongnovi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Second MesaMusangnuvi *, Mashongnavi, Hopi [with Mishongnovi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Moenkopi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa MoenkopiMùnqapi *, Hopi [with Moenkopi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Oraibi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Third Mesa OraibiOrayvi *, Hopi [with Oraibi in the Region] Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Shongopavi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Second MesaSongòopavi Shongopavi *, Hopi [with Shongopavi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Sichomovi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado First Mesa SichomoviSitsomovi *, Hopi [with Sichomovi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Sipaulovi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado Second MesaSipawlavi Sipaulovi *, Shipaulovi, Hopi [with Shipaulovi in the Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages Region] within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Pueblo Hopi Hopi Walpi United States of America Arizona Utah New Mexico Colorado First Mesa WalpiWaalpi *, Wolpi, Hopi [with Walpi in the Region] Please note, the Hopi Peoples in Arizona live on three Mesas, and each Mesa has several Villages within it. For the sake of clarity, these villages have been listed as a 'Fifth Level Group name', and in Geographic Location. If Village or Mesa information cannot be determined, please only use Hopi. * This is the term used by these Peoples.

Southwest Quechan United States of America California Arizona Kwatsáan *, Yuma, Kwet'san, Maricopa, Mojave, Yavapai, Kumeyaay, Quechan * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves.

Southwest Tohono O'odham * United States of AmericaMexico Arizona California Sonora Pápago, Tohono O'odham Papago * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Southwest Yaqui MexicoUnited States of America Sonora Chihuahua Durango Texas California ArizonaHiaki *, Yoeme **, Yaqui * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves, especially the Pascuay Yaqui in Arizona. ** * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves, especially in Mexico.

Southwest Yavapai * United States of AmericaMexico Arizona California Sonora Yavapé, Yuma-Apache, Mohave-Apache, Havasupai, Hualapai, Western Yavapai, Northwestern Yavapai, Yavapai Yuma-Apache Mohave- * This is the term used by these People to refer to themselves. Southeastern Yavapai, Northeastern Verde Valley Yavapai, Apache The Yavapai Peoples are divided into four geographical groups of separate, independent Peoples. If more specific cultural provenance can be determined, please add to the database and use. Otherwise, Yavapai will suffice.

Subarctic Atikamekw Canada Quebec Province Nitaskinan, Nehirowisi Aski, Attikamek, Tête-de-Boule, Eeyou, Innu, Naskapi, The Eeyou, Innu, Naskapi speak similar languages and there is a great deal of cultural overlap. Objects PRM uses this term.

Subarctic Beothuk Canada Newfoundland Beothuc, Subarctic Eeyouch Canada Quebec Province Eastern Cree, Eenou, Iyiniw, Iyiyiw, Cree, Eastern James Bay Cree, East Main Cree, Innu, Naskapi, The Innu and Naskapi speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap. Objects PRM uses Cree, which is acceptable, but this is better.

Subarctic Eeyouch Iyiniw Ayamiwin Canada Quebec Province Eastern Cree, Eenou, Inland East Cree, ᐃᔨᓂᐤ ᐊᔭᒥᐎᓐ, Eastern James Bay Cree, East Main Cree, Innu, Naskapi, The Innu and Naskapi speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap.

Subarctic Eeyouch Īyiyū Ayimūn Canada Quebec Province Eastern Cree, Eenou, North East Cree, ᐄᔨᔫ ᐊᔨᒨᓐ, Eastern James Bay Cree, East Main Cree, Innu, Naskapi, The Innu and Naskapi speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap.

Subarctic Innu Canada Quebec Province Labrador Province Montagnais, Naskapi, Eskimo, Montagnais-Naskapi, Nenenot, Eeyouch (Eastern Cree), Use if it is not clear to which Peoples - Montagnais or Naskapi - are being referred. The Eeyouch Peoples speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap.

Subarctic Innu Innu Canada Quebec Province Labrador Province NewfoundlandMontagnais, and Labrador Neenoilno, Province Nehilaw, Ilniw, Naskapi, Innu (Quebec), Innu Inuit, Montagnais-Naskapi, East Cree, Nenenot, Eeyouch (Eastern Cree), Naskapi, Innu Peoples are considered to be First Nations, so should be referred to as Innu Nations. (Labrador), Innu *, * This is the preferred term for the Montagnais Innu. The Eeyouch Peoples speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap.

Subarctic Innu Naskapi Canada Quebec Province Labrador Province Naskapis, Nascapie, Nanéot , ᓇᔅᑲᐱ ᐊᔅᒌᔾ, Nehilaw, Ilniw, Inuit, Montagnais-Naskapi, Eeyouch (Eastern Cree), Innu, The Eeyouch Peoples speak a different, but similar, language and there is a great deal of cultural overlap.

Subarctic Nehiyawak Quebec Province Ontario Province Manitoba ProvinceCree Saskatchewan , Province Mushkegowuk, Omaškêkowak, Eeyouch, Atikamekw, Nīhithawīwin, This is the general term for the Cree Peoples of Canada (and does include Plains Cree Peoples). Use only when it is not possible to assign a more specific designation is not possible.

Subarctic Sakāwithini(wak) Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Woodland Cree, Woods Cree, Sakā-Nīhithawīk, Sakhaw Nehiyawak, Bush Cree,

Subarctic Northeast Asinīskāwiyiniwak Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Woods and Rocky Cree, Woodland Cree, Asinīwaciwiyiniwak, Aseniwuche ObjectsPRM originally used Rock Cree for these peoples, and suggested using Northern Cree if Winewak, Rocky Cree, Mountain Cree, specific designation could not be make. This is no longer the case. ObjectsPRM also listed the Algonquian Cree language group Strongwoods Cree. The only mention I can find of this language suggests it is a subdivision of Western Woods Cree, which is why it is listed as a synonym in this record.

Subarctic Northeast Plains Nīhithawīwin Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Woods and Rocky Cree, ᓀᐦᐃᖬᐍᐏᐣ , Woodland Cree, Rock Cree , Misinipi Rock Cree Northern Cree ObjectsPRM originally used Rock Cree for these peoples, and suggested using Northern Cree if Cree, Strongwoods Cree, Nîhithaw, specific designation could not be make. This is no longer the case. ObjectsPRM also listed the Algonquian Cree language group Strongwoods Cree. The only mention I can find of this language suggests it is a subdivision of Western Woods Cree, which is why it is listed as a synonym in this record.

Subarctic Northeast Woodlands United States of AmericaCanada Great Lakes Region Preferable not to use, as this terminology does not mean much to the Indigenous Peoples of North America.

Subarctic Northwest Canada Mackenzie River Preferable not to use, as this terminology does not mean much to the Indigenous Peoples of North America. Refers to Peoples who speak languages that are part of the Athapaskan language group.

Subarctic Northwest Dakelh Canada British Columbia Carrier, Dakeł Keyoh, ᑕᗸᒡ ᗲᘏᑋ, Dakelh T'enneh, Tse'khene, Wet'suwet'en, Tsilhqot'in, Kaska, Dené, Carrier ObjectsPRM calls this group Carrier, which is acceptable, although this term is preferable. Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Ahtna United States of America Alaska Ahtna Athabaskan, Copper River Indians, Tanaina, Alaska Athabaskan, Ahtna These Peoples speak an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Dane-zaa Canada British Columbia Alberta Beaver, Dunne-za, Dené, Beaver Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Deg Hit'an United States of America Alaska Deg Xit'an, Deg Hitan, Degexit'an, Kaiyuhkhotana, Deg Hit'an Athabaskan Ingalik, Alaska Athabaskan, Ingalik Deg Xinag is an Athabaskan language. Indian, Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Dehcho Canada British Columbia Northwest Territories Dene, Deh Cho Dene, Dene Tha, Deh Gah Got'ine, Awokanak, Slave, Slavey, Dené, Gwich'in, Tlicho, Slavey Dené (Dene) also refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages Subarctic Northwest Dené Dena'ina United States of America Alaska dənʌʔɪnʌ, dənʌɪ͡nʌ, Tanaina, Kenai, Alaska Athabaskan, Tanaina ObjectsPRM calls this group Kenai, and mis-attributes them as an INUIT, Yupik speaking, People, but this is NOT correct. Please use Dena'ina. These Peoples speak an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Dena'ina Kahtnuht'ana Dena'ina United States of America Alaska Kenai Peninsula dənʌʔɪnʌ, dənʌɪ͡nʌ, Kenaitze Indian Tribe, Tanaina, Kenai, Alaska Athabaskan, Inuit Kenai ObjectsPRM calls this group Kenai, and mis-attributes them as an INUIT, Yupik speaking, People, but this is not correct. Please use Dena'ina. These Peoples speak an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Dene Suline Canada Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Northwest TerritoriesChipewyan, Denesuline, Dene Soline, Taltheilei, Denésoliné, Dënesųłı̨né, Athapaskans, Montagnais, Dené, Cree, Métis, Tlicho, Dehcho, Yellowknives, Chipewyan Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Dënë Sųłınë́ ,

Subarctic Northwest Dené Gwich'in CanadaUnited States of America Yukon Territory Northwest Territories Alaska Dinjii Zhuh, Kutchin, Loucheaux, Tukudh, Dené, Dehcho, Tlicho, Kutchin Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené K'asho Got'ine Canada Northwest Territories Mackenzie River Hare Dene, Hare, Dené, Hare Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Kaska Dena Canada British Columbia Yukon Territory Northwest TerritoriesKaska, Denek'éh, Dené, Kaska Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Koyukon United States of America Alaska Koyukon Athabaskan, Hut'aane, Gwich'in, Alaskan Athabaskan, Koyukon ObjectsPRM calls this group Koyukon, which is acceptable. Koyukon Peoples are speakers of an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Sahtu Dene Canada Northwest Territories Bear Lake Sahtu Got'ine, Sahtú, Sahtuto'ine, Bearlake, North Slavey, Hareskin, Hare, Dené, Gwich'in, Dehcho, Tlicho, Bearlake Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Tagish Canada British Columbia Yukon Carcross/Tagish, Tagish Khwáan, Tā̀gish kotʼīnèʼ, Taagish ḵwáan, Dené, Tlingit, Tagish Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Tahltan Canada British Columbia Tāłtān Konelīe, Dené, Tahltan Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

10 Subarctic Northwest Dené Tanana United States of AmericaCanada Alaska Yukon Tanana Athabaskans, Kokht'ana (Tanana or Lower Tanana), Koxt'een Tlingit, Alaskan Athabaskan, Tanana Tanana is split into three language groups, listed in Appropriate synonyms. (Tanana Crossing or Tanacross), Koht'iin (Upper Tanana), Tanana Peoples are speakers of an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Tlicho Canada Northwest Territories Doné, Tłįchǫ, Dog Rib, Dené, Gwich'in, Dehcho, Dog Rib Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Tse'khene Canada British Columbia Sekani, Tsilhquot'in , Wet'suwet'en, Dakelh, Kaska, Dené, Sekani Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Tsilhquot'in Canada British Columbia Chilcotin, Tsilhquot'in Nen, Tŝilhqot'in, Tse'khene, Wet'suwet'en, Dakelh, Kaska, Dené, Chilcotin Dené refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages. Subarctic Northwest Dené Tutchone Canada Yukon Tlingit, Tutchone Tutchone is split into two language groups, North Tutchone and South Tutchone. Intermarriage and trade led to Tutchone Peoples living nearest the coast becoming incorporated into Tlingit clans. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Northwest Dené Upper Koskokwim United States of America Alaska Kolchan, Hwt'ana, Dichinanek' Hwt'ana, Dina'ena, Goltsan, Tundra Kolosh, McGrath Ingalik, Alaska Athabaskan, Kolchan These Peoples speak an Athabaskan language. Dené (Dene) refers to speakers of the Northern Athabaskan languages.

Subarctic Plains Mushkegowuk Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Ontario WesternProvince Swampy Cree, Néhinaw, Maskiki Wi Iniwak, Mushkekowuk, Winnipeg Cree, Muskegoes, Lowland (Half-Homeguard), Omaškêkowak, ObjectsPRM originally used Northern Cree for these peoples. This is no longer the case. Maskekon, Mushkego, Maškēkowak, Muskegon, Northern Cree,

Subarctic Plains Nīhithawīwin As'in'i'wa'chi Ni'yaw Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Woods Cree, Rock Cree, Rocky Mountain Cree, Subarctic Plains Omaškêkowak Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Ontario EasternProvince Swampy Cree, Western James Bay Cree, Omushkego, Muskegon, Muskegoes, Lowland (Homeguard), Northern Mushkegowuk, ObjectsPRM originally used Northern Cree for these peoples. This is no longer the case. Omushkegowak, Néhinaw, Cree,

Subarctic Plains Omaškêkowak Moose Cree Canada Manitoba Province Saskatchewan Province Ontario EasternProvince Swampy Cree, Western James Bay Cree, Omushkego, Muskegon, Muskegoes, Lowland (Homeguard), Lowland Cree, Mushkegowuk, ObjectsPRM originally used Northern Cree for these peoples. This is no longer the case. Omushkegowak, Moose Cree, Ililiw, Mōsonī, ᐃᓕᓕᐗᔅᑭᔾ Ililiwaskiy, Ililī Central Cree, West Main Cree, James Bay Mushkego, mowin, Moosonee,

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Chippewa United States of America Michigan Wisconsin Minnesota Anishinaabek, Ojibwa, Ojibway, Ojibwe, Odawa, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing Ojibwa [do not use when In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, referencing the Peoples in what is have been known as Ojibwe. now the USA}

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Mississaugas Canada Ontario Anishinaabek, Misi-zaagiwininiwag, Odawa, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nakawē, In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Bodéwadmi, Nbisiing Anishinaabeg, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Nakawē Canada Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British ColumbiaAnishinaabek, Saulteaux, Anihšināpē, Plains Ojibwe, ᓇᐦᑲᐍ, Nahkawiyiniw, Odawa, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada ᓇᐦᑲᐏᔨᓂᐤ, Chippewa, Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Nbisiing Anishinaabeg Canada Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Anishinaabek, Nisnaabeg, Nippissing, Nipissing, Odishkwaagamiig, Odawa, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nakawē, In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Odawa Canada Ontario Quebec Anishinaabek, Ottawa, Odaawaa, Algoumequin, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, Néhinaw, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Oji-Cree Canada Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British ColumbiaAnishinaabek, Anishinaabe, Noopiming-ininiwag, Ajijaakoons, Odawa, Algonquin, Nakawē, Ojibwe, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, Néhinaw, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Anishinaabeg Ojibwe Canada Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Anishinaabek, Ojibwa, Ojibway, Chippewa, Odawa, Algonquin, Oji-Cree, Nakawē, Anishinaabe, Nbisiing Ojibwa In general, Anishinaabe in the United States have been known as Chippewa, and those in Canada Anishinaabeg, Bodéwadmi, Mississaugas, have been known as Ojibwe. ObjectsPRM used Ojibwa, this is slightly dated.

Subarctic Woodlands Métis Canada Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British ColumbiaMichif Piyii, In Canada, Métis refers to Peoples who are members of defined Métis Nations. However, historically it has been applied to many groups who were of mixed European and First Nations/ Native American ancestry throughout the regions often classified as the Plains, Woodlands, and Subarctic, by non-Indigenous people.

Subarctic Woodlands Métis United States of America Michigan Wisconsin Montana Muskrat French, In Canada, Métis refers to Peoples who are members of defined Métis Nations. However, historically it has been applied to many groups who were of mixed European and First Nations/ Native American ancestry throughout the regions often classified as the Plains, Woodlands, and Subarctic, by non-Indigenous people.

Western Plains United States of America Great Plains Plains W Plains Only use if no more specific cultural group can be determined.

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