The Illustration and the Meanings It Produces

The Illustration and the meanings it produces

The loose chains, the satanic symbols, the ugly horned creature squatting on the pedestal, the nude couple with the woman sporting grapes (wine) on her tail and the man’s tail on fire: Rider Waite’s devil is the one of Christian culture. Note that this couple seems to be copied from Adam and Eve in Lovers (by the artwork).

Devil, Lovers, and Two of Cups are three Rider Waite Tarot cards that show a couple with a figure above them interfering in their story. In each of these, the figure above is an interfering influence: a malefic (bad, adverse) influence in Devil and Two of Cups, and a (angry?) supervision in Lovers. Is that the angel that evicted them from the Garden? - because the terrain isn’t a garden. Nevertheless, it appears as a guardian angel at times.

And in case you’re thinking Hierophant also has the three figures in its illustration: We are talking about a couple (not two male monks). Hierophant’s middle figure, the pope, isn’t interfering in the lives of the monks who also serve in the rituals.

The reason I selected ‘bound’ to represent the title to call Devil in the back of your mind is that the chains, of course, are binding or are bonds; but also Devil is all about obligation, being bound to. That concept births most of the positive words for Devil. Yes, there are positive words for Devil!

The chains play varied roles in the concepts Devil lends itself to. Devil’s underlying core meaning is that it's your susceptibility to whatever the offending element is that connects you to it - that what holds (you) back is something (you) can get out of – and this idea applies not just to people but to anything. In real physical life, that susceptibility is usually a belief or an assumption. Devil also can represent bonds of belonging which operate the herd instinct. And it can represent any kind of physical dependency.

The most obvious application re this concept of susceptibility is the way we accept our vices, our bad habits, our faults, and the acceptance of the same sort of things in our culture and in our neighbors. ‘That’s not so bad’ kind of thing. Tolerance that breeds excuses for abuses (deep subject, that).

But the chains also represent the way we are accustomed to accepting our environment, and therefore allowing … without an examination ... whatever circumstances the environment contains. The naked couple there is passive: They could remove the chains at will. But they like it like that because they are susceptible to it. We are susceptible to what we are used to. It’s all about attachment – and ‘attachment’ is my second choice for the title to Devil.

Devil Frequent Words and Phrases

The lesser of Devil’s evils:

Devil isn’t always a heavy card. It indicates a sex act or the word 'sexual.' In the right company, Devil is down-and-dirty good sex.

With any of the cards that say ‘feeling,’ Devil can feel that way instead of be that way. People feel guilty when they aren’t. Do remember that this is one card that the surrounding cards show you how to apply – how to take it. For example: Page of Pentacles and Devil can express a person whose feelings are hurt, as well as a bad person, or a person who thinks he (or the subject of your spread) is bad. This pair of cards can say ‘evil-minded’ just as easily as they can say ‘think that’s a bad thing’ or 'feel guilty.'

Devil can also designate a nearby card as the problem, as in the phrase ‘has a problem with’ and then that nearby card’s translation. For example, Judgment meaning ‘again’ with Devil can say ‘recurring problem,’ and Strength meaning ‘overcoming a problem’ with Devil can translate ‘overcoming a sex problem’ or ‘overcoming a problem with addiction’ or even ‘recovering from disease.’ Devil and Three of Wands as ‘income’ translate ‘a problem with income.’ Of course, since Three of Wands also means ‘coming in the future,’ the pair can simply say ‘will be a problem.’

Watch for that with cards that mean future or past: They can put the card they associate with into the future or past, instead of expressing their other meanings. When this happens with cards that mean a problem or a bad thing, I call them rescue cards because they remove the immediate sting from the ‘bad card.’

Devil can mean anything awful, so it’s not specific enough to be a leading card. This is the card we usually look to last, unless it is tracking something we are already familiar with in our line of questioning. Common specific words for Devil are: worst, problem, bad. You can count on Devil to mean any vice, any sickness, and to represent whatever the vice or sickness is in the story you are reading. Fairly often, Devil with Strength say ‘overcoming addiction.’

Since Devil can represent whatever is bad or worse or worst, we shall first examine its neutral to not-so-bad words and phrases: Attachment, a bond, even a connection – because of those chains. Here, the idea of a bond expands to include ‘obligation’ and ‘obliged’: Devil with Three of Pentacles as ‘contract’ say ‘contractual obligation.’ Devil is being bound by your word (“obliged to live up to …”). Bound by a vow, as in giving up liquor for Lent! So the chains bring Devil words like bound, obligation, and attachment. (Once Devil was the ‘attachment’ of pages paper-clipped together.)

Do remember that words have a spectrum to them. Professionals check out the tone or 'drift' of the overall spread, and avoid going against that grain. Devil represents the influence of humans' lower self, which isn’t necessarily devastating in a given instance. ‘Problem,’ for example can be a small, medium, or large difficulty. ‘Pain’ or feeling bad also has quite a spectrum, from irritation to agony.

Tarot Verbatim™ is language-based, so words like these (problem, pain, etc.) can appear for relatively minor to large ‘bad things.’ The distinction is made by the surrounding cards, by the question, and by the story line or history – even by one’s pain tolerance. One person’s nightmare is another person’s adventure.

And Devil can simply say ‘the downside’ or ‘the shadow side.’ For instance, watch for Devil to supply a negative prefix to some words: ‘mal,’ which means wrong as in ‘malformed; ‘ill’ as in illegal; ‘dys’ as in dysfunctional; ‘dis’ as in disrepair.

Devil translates words like these (pain, problem) that – depending on context - are neutral, or not-too-bad, or awful, and the context determines where on the spectrum. The context is nearby cards, the question, and the story line you are following. Are you, or the person you are reading for, upset?: then you will tend to choose the heavier translations for negative words. (That’s why you ask someone else to do a reading for you when *what you want to know about* is a thing that troubles you.) When I do readings for people whose world-view at least for the moment is very negative, they will turn a perfectly upbeat story into one of doom! (A reading like this feels like driving a truck without power steering.) At times like these, the question rules: be as specific as you can.

Relatively innocuous (innocent) words Devil may give your sentence are: attachment, physical, sex; mistake; problem; ‘have to’ or ‘forced to’; dislike; bad mood; difficult; obligating oneself; dirt and dirty; ugly; deformed or in disrepair; neurotic; pain; unpleasant; depression and other down feelings; immoral. Devil translates these words that are neutral to not-so-bad, and we can over-exaggerate them.

Let’s continue with the list of some relatively not-so-bad words that Devil may translate. These words do appear in the list of Devil words below as well. physical unpleasant rude and lout the hard part guilt fault and faults 4 disagreeable unpleasant being mad infection mean nasty in spite of disorder problem dirty disadvantage handicap limitation bad habit disabled or disability dysfunctional grimy or dirty corrupt and corruption black sheep taking the brunt of it

Devil means ‘condemned’ or ‘condemnation,’ which can refer to buildings, or to someone’s opinion. Once in a while Devil can appear sort of playfully too in phrases like ‘don’t you just hate.’

Now let’s bring up something on the weird side. The word ‘physical’ also belongs to Devil, especially ‘physical attachment’ or ‘physically attached,’ even something like a trailer hitch or a staple or paper clip. And Hierophant, the pope, can also translate 'physical.' Duh? - why is this? - strange bedfellows! My best assessment is: Because demons love the physical world – they try hard to get into it, to become physical. The picture here shows the devil’s influence on two people. (That is what the whole satanic culture is about, really.) Hierophant is making the distinction between the actual physical ritual with all its paraphernalia and the spiritual intent of the ritual. (Remember, Hierophant’s point is about the surface appearance, the ‘face,’ versus the underlying reality.) 5

This is a good place to remind everybody that the meanings in Tarot Verbatim™ are not assigned; they arise ‘in the field’ from observation of thousands of spreads in which the answer was the ‘known’: I asked questions I knew the answers to and let the Tarot cards express that meaning as they chose, using the whole deck each time, and I kept detailed notes of it all for more than ten years. That, I feel, is why this system works so well for so many people.

Reports from several adopters of Tarot Verbatim™ are that Tarot Verbatim’s definitions that deviate from other systems’ meanings are valid … they work. These readers already have a Tarot system they use. They have kept notes of some past spreads and what happened regarding them. They report they look at those notes and say: ‘Yes, Six of Wands did indicate “You can’t trust the way things look; there’s some covert opposition going on.”’ The same reports apply to Tarot Verbatim’s™ perspective of Two of Cups. Over the years, Tarot Verbatim’s definitions of these two cards are becoming adopted.

‘Stuck’ sometimes brings up Devil but is more likely to call forth Eight of Swords: both these cards feature loose chains. Both are all about limitations.

A habit can be a limiting bond. Devil can say ‘habit’ as well as refer to a bad habit like an addiction or choices that harm health.

The greater of Devil’s evils: Now for the meat-and-potatoes Devil applications, many of which are shared with Moon: Think ‘bad’ and think 'wrong.’ Devil means ‘wrong,’ and many of the other words it means are close by that. The wrong anything, like Devil-Ace of Pentacles is the wrong road, whereas Ace of Pentacles by itself can say ‘right road,’ but it also can just say ‘road.’

Think any horrible hideous word: Devil owns it. Literally. Devil translates ‘hideous,’ ‘horrible,’ etc. It applies that adjective to a nearby card.

Here are most of Devil's darker meanings that grow one way or the other out of 'wrong': Punishment; crime and criminal; sick; depraved; perverted; sexual perversion; brutal; force; agony or suffering, break or ruin; terrible trouble; a terrible problem; a bad whatever; having 6 a bad time of it; hates; what we are mad about; mad; condemned; slave and enslaved; bondage and tied up or tied down; prisoner and imprisoned; satanism and its blood rituals and other abuses.

The torch being held the wrong way translates 'wrong use of force,' one of Devil's traditional meanings that is almost never expressed literally in my practice. Except it does translate 'brutal.’ Devil, of course, refers to force, brutality and brutish behavior – all the way to torture.

Like I said, Devil has a LOT of meanings. As much as I have tried to catch them all here, I guarantee you I have missed a few, hopefully not any major ones.

Headline Meanings of Devil:

Attachment Bound, Binding, Bonds Enslave, Imprisoned Obligation, Forced To Physical Drunk, Alcoholic, Addict Punishment Habit Sex, Sexual, Perverted Wrong, Wrong For Crime, Criminal Evil, Satanic, Black Magic, Dark Side Force Disabled, Disability, Handicap, Limitations Trouble, Problem Ugly Disagreeable, Dislike Hard Part, Difficult, Difficulty Obstacle, Snag, Impediment, Harm, Ruin, Destroy, Abuse Disadvantage Mad Sickness, Infection Mentally Sick Bad Feelings, Hurt, Suffer Bad Person In Bad Shape Bad Things Wrong, Immoral, Vices Guilt, Guilty, Fault Hate, Hateful Lie, Liar, Lying, Untruth Dirt, Dirty, Toxic, Taint Decay, Rot, Mold, Mildew Worse, Worst Horrible, Terrible, Hideous

All the meanings of Devil:

ATTACHMENT attach trailer hitch to attach staple or paper clip attached identify as belonging to attachment connection physically attached BOUND, BINDING, BONDS bound bonds binding bondage a binding _ ENSLAVE, IMPRISONED slave addicted to enslaved in prison mind-controlled slave imprisoned slavery a prisoner susceptibility to locked up hooked on confined habituated to bedridden OBLIGATION, FORCED TO obligating yourself to being bound to obligating oneself not voluntary obligation involuntary binding obligation involuntarily obliged have to obliged forced to bound to under duress

PHYSICAL physical physically addicted physically attached tied up

8 physical limitations tied down physically addicting tied

DRUNK, ALCOHOLIC, ADDICT drunk alcoholic drunk and disorderly addict drinking faculties impaired PUNISHMENT punishment condemned punish dire consequences punished when HABIT habit addictive habitual addicted a habit addicting bad habit addiction SEX, SEXUAL, PERVERTED sex desires down and dirty sex sex act sexual perversion good sex sexual deviant good lust sexual pervert sexual sex problem sexuality depraved had sex perverted my sex partner perversion and lust down and dirty sex such a roué down and dirty good sex lust WRONG, WRONG FOR wrong in the wrong way the wrong thing did it wrong wrong for wrong for each other CRIME, CRIMINAL crime offender the crime gangster 9 for a crime rape criminal physical assault criminal intent murder criminal neglect when you're a criminal illegal delinquent offense delinquency EVIL, SATANIC, BLACK MAGIC, DARK SIDE evil shadow side evildoer curse satanic symbols oppression Satan obsession satanic culture profane the devil profanity demons cuss word(s) black magic id satanism and its blood rituals and lower self other abuses vice my dark side malefic the dark side FORCE force brutality by force torture enforce 'force' and brutality wrong use of force __ forces you brutal thug brute force the issue brutish DISABLED, DISABILITY, HANDICAP, LIMITATIONS limitation senile, senility limitations demented disabled delusional disability impaired handicap impairment

10 handicapped mentally disabled birth defect invalid dysfunctional bedridden when you are disabled benighted 'no good at' TROUBLE, PROBLEM trouble has a problem with troubling huge problem terrible trouble it's a problem a terrible problem the problem here something that troubles is my problem problem have a problem with it problems pathological a problem with UGLY ugly hideous homely [ugly] grotesque DISAGREEABLE, DISLIKE disagreeable my cranky partner disagreements obstructive dislike querulous differences quarrelsome grievance ugly natured get nasty HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY hard difficulty the hard part difficult to hard time something difficult hard times It's difficult worst part what's difficult my worst impossible to difficult at a disadvantage OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE despite disadvantage 11 obstacle impediment encounter an obstacle impede block impede the progress roadblock counter to sticking point crippling stuck denouement in spite of sticky situation in spite of something HARM, RUIN, DESTROY, ABUSE wreck misuse harm wrecked do harm destroy harming destroyed choices that harm destroying a harm to self and others collapse taking the brunt of it collapsing point injury to the point of failure injurious devastated injured devastating ruin obliterate ruined disrepair ruining abuse break abuses broken abusive MAD angry anger mad rage being mad Thorazine rage mad as hell enraged what we are mad about fury seething SICKNESS, INFECTION I got sick disease sick an ailment 12 sickness the 'crud' the germ infection disorder habituated pathology pathological malignant MENTALLY SICK Insane mentally disabled mentally sick delusional demented [any specific label re mental problems] insanity character disorder KNOW, UNDERSTAND seething feeling trapped angry bedridden bad feelings anger feeling bad hate how bad you feel guilt having a bad time of it jealous, jealousy when you are out of sorts disgust depression and other down feelings dislike despair pain bad mood angst troubled being in pain troubles you suffer pessimistic suffering creepy feeling to suffer for 'creeped out' [my] suffering hurt anguish injured agonize, agony hurts fear hurting terror hurtful scared hurt feelings nightmare devastated feeling doomed seething feeling trapped 13

BAD PERSON bad 'bottom feeder' bad person scumbag, etc. bad name mean the bad guy nasty a bad guy act nasty black sheep nasty person black hat snarly evil person hard-ass offender troublemaker guttersnipe, greedy lowlife takes foul advantage lout crook liar corruption disreputable rude crooked when being rude corrupt so damned rude IN BAD SHAPE in bad shape in disrepair mal catywampus ill warped dys- deformed dis- damaged wrong with broken disrepair condemned BAD THINGS bad disorder is bad for chaos a bad thing personality disorders bad things narcissist bad time narcissism have a bad time of it red zone 14 having a bad time of it flatlined bad times doom bad influence doomed a bad whatever backslide bad for you corrupt and corruption bad all over dirty unpleasant scandal unpleasant situation predator what holds you back obsession the offending element fall off the wagon [any curse word] failure profanity abject failure profane harassment downside mistake downfall a mistake mean things blunder WRONG, IMMORAL, VICES wrong my vices _ or wrong guilty did a wrong condemned do wrong condemnation wrongful pornography immoral pornographic vice victimizing GUILT, GUILTY, FAULT guilt faults guilty remorse some fault self-loathing fault HATE, HATEFUL hate hateful hates malice I hate malicious what they hate spite 15 and hates it don't you just hate _ LIE, LIAR, LYING, UNTRUTH lie deceive liar deceiving lying deceptive prevarication con untruth con artist deceit pathological liar DIRT, DIRTY, TOXIC, TAINT dirty grimy toxic filth toxins spoiled noxious adulterated noxious odor impure poison contaminant taint contaminated tainted garbage radiated DECAY, ROT, MOLD, MILDEW decay mildew rot spoilage mold WORSE, WORST worse your worst worse than your worst nightmare even worse than the worst time from bad to worse the worst possible situation worst have the worst end of it my worst calamity HORRIBLE, TERRIBLE, HIDEOUS was horrible hideous horrible heinous terrible awful

This ends Devil's information, the lesson part. Next are reprints of Devil from the individual card meanings from the archives of the Tarot Verbatim™ site. You may find you absorb the meanings by scanning this repetitious treatment of the same topics re Devil. Repetition does that, you know. When a card’s essence is in your subconscious, you apply it more flexibly.

From TarotVerbatim.com™ Some Post Entries About

Individual Meanings for Devil:

http://tarotverbatim.com/2016/06/tarot-readings-for-you-for-june-2-2016-thursday/ June 2, 2016 Rider-Waite uses the Christian devil; not all decks do. In the Marseilles deck, Devil has a face on his belly, and Devil in some decks ('before Eliphas Levy,' someone said) has breasts. Rider Waite’s childhood was medieval Europe where the Roman Catholic church’s condemnation could be fatal to a person. Devil is one of the cards designed to deflect the accusation that Tarot is the devil’s work, an accusation some Christians still level at Tarot, but they don’t kill you for it anymore. So Devil here is obviously meant to be a bad-guy Tarot card. It’s one of the cards, of course, for actual demons and black magic: See the black magic symbols.

Devil is one of the cards with the most meanings. Save him for last; the other ones in your spread will be more obvious, I promise.

First, the picture. Devil is one of three cards that shows a couple, with something above and between them that is influencing them spiritually: Devil, Lovers, Two of Cups. Especially Devil and Lovers are about connection. Devil is about the influence of vice and habit; Lovers has the guardian angel; Two of Cups has the caduceus representing a conflicting undeclared interest of a third party which could be a spirit or spell. It can also be about 'having a use for' the other person, self-interest of any sort.

So Devil represents the influence of humans’ lower self. Its underlying core meaning is that it’s your susceptibility to whatever the offending element is that connects you to it. This idea

17 is represented by the loose chains around the couple’s necks while they are standing free. So Devil infers that your problem is your choice.

Here, first, are the neutral to not-so-bad Devil words and phrases: Attachment, a bond, even a connection – because of the chains. A bond expands to include ‘obligation’ and ‘obliged.’

The word ‘physical’ also belongs to Devil, especially ‘physical attachment’ or ‘physically attached,’ which could refer to a trailer hitch or stapled papers. ‘Stuck’ sometimes brings up Devil but is more likely to call forth Eight of Swords.

A habit can be a limiting bond. Devil can say ‘habit’ as well as refer to a bad habit like an addiction. Key is the bond.

Other fairly innocuous words Devil may give your sentence are: ugly; deformed; sick (including mentally sick), pain, suffering, depression and other feelings. ‘Deformed’ can refer to a machine part, not just your nose.

Now for the meat-and-potatoes Devil applications, many of which are shared with Moon: Think ‘wrong.’ It means that, and many of the other words it means are close by that. The wrong anything, like Devil-Ace of Pentacles is the wrong road.

Here are most of Devil’s meanings that grow one way or the other out of ‘wrong’: it’s immoral; a criminal; trouble; a problem; a terrible problem; differences or disagreements; a bad whatever; having a bad time of it; hates, what we are mad about; mad; ruins; condemned; fault and faults; taking the brunt of it; sexual perversion.

Lastly, occasionally, Devil represents negative parts of words like ‘mal’ as in malicious and ‘ill’ as in illegal.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2016/03/tarot-readings-for-you-for-march-24-2016-thursday/ March 24, 2016 – Several Rider Waite cards are designed to deflect condemnation from the all-powerful Roman Catholic powers-that-be upon users of the deck. The church’s penalty for

‘the work of the devil’ was death (and would still be). In other decks, Devil isn’t The Horned One.

Devil means hate and enmity, wrong, and bad and worst, and horrible … you name it. It is criminal and brutal, and it is force.

Devil is also the philosophical notion that your vices are voluntary, whatever you are bound to is undoable – evidenced by the loose chains. (The reader can misapply this notion.)

Devil in ordinary applications means attachment and obligation very commonly.

Devil is sickness and hurt, pain and suffering, perversion and derangement – and just plain filth and dirt. Put it next to a card that means 'house,' and you have a disordered or dirty house.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2015/11/tarot-readings-for-you-for-november-14-15-2015- weekend/ November 14 & 15, 2015 A male and female human are tied to Devil’s perch by loose chains around their necks. They wear horns. She has a tail ending in a bunch of grapes (‘wine’); he has a tail ending in fire from Devil’s upside-down torch (‘passion’). This depicts the idea that what ties them to *what holds them back* or what ties them to their vices is voluntary. That is the core meaning of Devil in Rider Waite, but its meanings apply all over the place. Very general card. (You will find ‘wrong use of force’ as its definition in Tarot books, meaning wrong use of energy. That does apply; it is true – but it isn’t much use.)

Devil is a problem, obstacle, difficulty … whatever ties you up, limits you, holds you back. (Eight of Swords is the tied-up, limited, held-back person, by the way, whose bonds are also loose.) Devil means anything horrible to not-so-good, but it also means attachment (represented by the chains of course) in any way (yeah, a paper clip! – or an attachment to a document), and it means ‘physical,’ and ‘obligation’ and ‘sexual’ generally too. It can say ‘have to,’ ‘forced to,’ ‘no choice but to,’ etc. like Ace of Swords and Ace of Wands can. (It can say those things, but not that often.) So, with all these possibilities in your spread, you look at the other cards, then go back to Devil, usually, to be more efficient. 19

We are not using some of Devil’s specific ‘bad things,’ so I won’t go into that here: We are focused on the operation of Devil today. Google ‘Devil Tarot Verbatim’ to find the comprehensive list.

Look for Devil to mean obligation. Since Devil means ‘binding,’ and means ‘obligation,’ Devil with Three of Pentacles – a card whose illustration is about a contract – say ‘bound by the contract’ or ‘contractually binding.’ Three of Pentacles is an agreement among or between people (definition of a contract, by the way!), so Devil and Three of Pentacles also can read ‘forced to agree,’ or ‘you have to because you agreed with them/us to.’

More examples of Devil’s operation: Devil and Three of Pentacles is a sexual meeting (liaison) because Devil is sexual, and Three of Pentacles is a meeting and/or relationship. One step farther, Devil and Three of Pentacles could be prostitution: a commercial exchange for sex.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2015/07/tarot-readings-for-you-for-july-13-2015-monday/ July 13, 2015 Devil is a very general card, never an anchor, lead, card. It can mean ‘evil’ but isn’t a scary card. It means problem, difficulty, the downside of anything, wrong, disability, bad, awful, guilty, fault, addicted, attached, downside or dark side, undesirable traits of any kind, rude, dislike or hate, sex or sexual, oppressed, bad mood, feeling bad, pain, hurt, miserable, and words about sickness like illness, ailment and malignant. It can say ‘ugly’ too. It can be derogatory terms for people – like riffraff, thug, lowlife, scum-ball, etc. As a matter of fact, along with Moon, Devil can invite cuss words into your readings. (Both these cards qualify for ‘damned’ literally in their meanings.)

Devil also simply says ‘physical’ and means any sort of physical attachment (clip, clasp, hitch, tie, etc.). It often means obligation or obliged.

Devil's ‘addiction’ meaning extends to any bad habit, so watch for any card that means getting out of, putting it behind, overcoming, or getting over it to turn Devil into a plus. There are a LOT of these cards, a plethora of them.

Devil’s illustration in Rider Waite is lifted straight out of Middle Ages lore, with added black magic and satanic symbols. Middle Ages had the devil hairy and ugly, with horns and bat wings, and associated with sex. That’s Adam and Eve, of course, loosely chained to the pedestal he squats upon. The torch held upside-down means ‘wrong use of force’ or energy put into hurtful or harmful things.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2015/03/tarot-readings-for-you-for-march-25-2015-wednesday/ March 25, 2015 Devil today is on its very best behavior as a foil to two cards that mean success, one of which also is about the right path, being right, being straight (Ace of Pentacles of course). Today Devil is the obstacle, the adversity, the problem to be overcome. Always remember Devil’s fairly innocuous meanings, such as attachment, physical, sex act, difficulty- trouble-problem, and wrong. Devil can be a very heavy hideous card in other company. Devil can be taken literally as demonic activity or presence; it can be cancer or other awful illness; it can be the worst kind of insanity; it is the lead card for brutality and oppression; and it brings out the worst in nearby cards too, like Moon does. In other decks, this may not be so. In Rider Waite, Devil is obviously the medieval Christian horns-and-tail brutal devouring spirit. In the Marseilles deck, I read, Devil is more the Norse concept of the mischievous one, Loki, a prankster.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/12/tarot-readings-for-you-for-december-17-2014-wednesday/ December 17, 2014 Devil, he’s in the details, they say, like the snake is in the woodpile. That’s one reason to wear gloves when you chop wood. Rider Waite’s Devil is the one of Christian medieval lore, the hideous-looking one who enslaves that man and woman so well they proudly wear his (loose) chains. Devil is our bad habits, our limitations, especially the self-imposed ones that make our life ugly. Devil represents the downside, any downside – even means ‘disadvantage’ at times. Devil is ‘the devil you know’ that you stay with in spite of *whatever it is you know*. Devil is a cuss word when it’s next to a ‘talk’ card like Judgment. Most often, Devil is the problem, the wrong, the fault, the vice, addiction or bad habit. New Age lore calls Devil the shadow side. Sickness, including mental illness, and disabilities are Devil’s province too. Naturally Devil means stuck, imprisoned, benighted or impaired – including mental impairment, of course. But on a good day Devil just means attachment, obligation, physical, sex, and maybe ugly. 21

http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/10/tarot-readings-for-you-for-october-8-2014-wednesday/ October 8, 2014 Devil in Rider Waite is Mr. Horns-and-Batwings from Christian medieval imagination. (Personally, I think something that tempts us looks good and speaks well.) In the Marseilles deck, the illustration is more like the mischievous Loki from Viking myth. Devil’s illustration makes the point that vices, attachment to evil, are voluntary bondage on the part of humans. Those loose chains say that. There’s the idea of misuse of energy or force (the upside-down torch).

In application in Tarot spreads, Devil often translates ‘mistake’ and ‘wrong.’ Devil is ‘bad guy’ too. Name something bad, and Devil can probably represent it: rude, dark side, force, forced or no choice, brutality, addiction, lust, sickness, disability, disreputable, bad times, problems – all sorts of bad stuff. It can say a person is cranky, nasty, or in a terrible funk, as well as evil. But Devil can also indicate ‘physical’ and ‘sex act,’ ‘ugly,’ ‘dirty,’ and physical attachment like being paper-clipped together, and difficulties and obstacles. Growing out of its bondage meanings (those chains again), Devil fairly often means obligation or obligated, obliged.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/09/tarot-readings-for-you-for-september-25-2014-thursdayc/ September 25, 2014 Devil’s core meanings are attachment and vice in Rider Waite. (Rider Waite arises unapologetically from Christian culture.) See the loose chains around the necks of its humans there? Their attachment to the dark side or down side (or their vices) is voluntary and reversible.

Another major category of meanings for Devil is limitations. Limitations brings many otherwise-unrelated meanings for this Rider Waite Tarot card in Tarot Verbatim™. Handicap, harmful habits, addictions, illness and mental illness, pain and suffering, nasty rude ornery personalities, black moods and depression, being forced or having no choice, being stuck, fear, and paralysis (including paralysis of will).

Of course Devil means evil and bad – the dark side in general. This brings in meanings such as filth, contagion, contamination, toxic substances or environment, mold and fungus, noxious 22 smells and substances (and people). It also brings in guilt and sin and literal demons as well as figurative demons. Devil’s illustration shows the influence of evil due to connection, with the devil. Devil is ugly too – and the ugly side of things.

(Now go look at Lovers.) This card takes the same idea re connection with things divine. You see the two nude humans drawn in a similar way to Devil. This parallel was obviously intended by the artist and the designer of the deck. Christian concepts abound in Rider Waite. (Note there are no chains on Adam and Eve in Lovers.) This same type of parallel is to be found in Ace of Pentacles, Right-hand Path, and Moon, Left-hand Path. The guardian angel overlooking the couple represents protection of the divine – instead of chains being the connection in Devil.)

http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/08/tarot-readings-for-you-for-august-24-2014-sundayc/ August 24, 2014 Devil in Rider Waite is the Mr. Horns and Tail of Christian mythology. In real life, he would have to be nice-looking to deceive us, methinks, and I don’t know anyone who conceives of ‘devil’ as this picture here; do you? Illustrated this way, Devil means all things wrong and evil, similar to Moon. See the loose chains around the necks of the couple there? They draw the word ‘attachment’ to this card, and it sometimes means a paper clip. The deeper meaning of Devil is that our vices are voluntary habits that we can slip out of if we choose. You often find Devil meaning obstacle, problem, trouble, ugly and other ordinary terms.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/06/tarot-readings-for-you-for-june-1-2014-sundayc/ June 1, 2014 In Rider Waite, Devil is the Christian traditional horns-and-bat-wings fellow, so you find this card representing addiction, vice, brutish and rude people and behavior. It means ‘attachment’ and ‘physical’ as well. The core meaning is that people’s attachment to their lower selves, their vices and their dark side, is voluntary: Those chains around their necks are loose. Naturally, this is one of the cards about black magic, evil, evil spirits, perversion and depravity. It also represents illness when the illness is very bad, and disabilities.

23 http://tarotverbatim.com/2014/05/tarot-readings-for-you-for-may-14-2014-wednesdayc/ May 14, 2014 Devil is in good company today, he ain’t misbehavin’. In the company of only happy relationship cards, he is meaning milder things like: in spite of something, physical, attachment, sex, obligation, disrepair, ailment and sick, disreputable, bad times, problems (especially problems, today), the bad guy, unpleasant situation, being mad, pain, the hard part. And hate – even today. The point of today’s illustration is that the humans bound to Devil are wearing their chains loosely – that bondage to the dark side is voluntary.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2013/02/tarot-readings-for-you-for-february-3-2013-sundayc/ February 3, 2013 Devil can be just about any awful thing, any dark side, any bad habit or harmful practice or agent of destruction. ‘Toxic.’ It’s the bad spectrum of hate, it’s the illness that is serious. With support, it could also speak of demons or black arts. It quite often is simply ‘problem’ or ‘bad situation’ or being nasty, ill-tempered or inclined to lowlife or violent activity. The picture speaks for itself: the hideous-looking horned goatlike creature with the bad signs.

http://tarotverbatim.com/2011/04/our-daily-spread-for-april-4-2011/ April 4, 2011 Devil: Today he mainly represents the hatefulness that is the problem with these Ten of Pentacles people. He is also showing up as a disability, ailment, being the wrong ___, and the words: nastiness, handicapped, toxic substance, addicts, evildoers or troublemakers, demonic, deranged and mischief. Devil is one of the most flexible cards, and not all its meanings are ‘bad.’ He is being bad today because of the Ten of Pentacles’ problems. His Rider Waite Tarot illustration shows, yes, a big bad ugly devil with horns from an ancient (real) terrible creature. Two humans are voluntarily associating with this creature, and have caught horns from the devil.

From Emily Sandstrom’s Journals – Notes About Devil

Below you will find Emily’s thoughts, musings, and observations about Devil through the many years of developing this Rosetta Stone. Reading through it will not only cement your understanding, it will help you see the complete picture. It is meant to be supplemental 24 reference material. Please note that some of the entries may also appear on TarotVerbatim.com, and therefore be in the section above. That is one of the reasons we are offering this as supplemental material only.

6 16 16 Devil – Well, Devil is bad in Rider Waite. It frequently translates bad and wrong and worst, as well as horrible and terrible, crime and vice, problem and trouble, filth and toxins. Suffering and disease belong to Devil too, any sort of disease or sickness – but Page of Wands with Devil specifies physical disease, because Page of Wands is the body.

Devil shares meanings about being stuck, handicapped, and limited with Eight of Swords. Both their illustrations contain bindings on a person. Both bindings are loose. Both Devil and Eight of Swords therefore can indicate that what holds (you) back is something (you) can get out of – and this idea applies not just to people but to anything.

Devil is a bad guy or an evil person, entity, organization or thing. Devil means ugly, and it means harmful.

Devil isn't always a heavy card. It can designate a nearby card as the problem; it refers to trouble generally; it sometimes means obligation or physically attached in some way – like a trailer hitch or even a staple or paper clip.

6 9 16 Devil - Here's a pesky card to apply. Look at it last, it has so many divergent and unrelated meanings – and not all are bad news, either. But 'wrong' and 'bad' are frequent fliers on the Devil plane – and so is 'mistake.' Devil owns 'hate' and 'dislike' as well. Devil shows an attachment of a couple of naked people to Mr. Devil Himself, as Lovers shows the naked people under the watchful eye of a fairly funky angel. So Devil is malattachment or being attached to something that's bad for you – hence, a habit as one of Devil's meanings. Speaking of which, check out those grapes on the gal's tail.

Today, besides the meanings discussed above, Devil appears as: mean things.

NOVEMBER 14-15, 2015 A male and female human are tied to Devil's chair by loose chains around their necks. They wear horns. She has a tail ending in a bunch of grapes ('wine'); he has a tail ending in fire from Devil's upside-down torch ('passion'). This depicts the idea that what ties them to *what holds them back* or what ties them to their vices is voluntary. That is the core meaning of Devil in Rider Waite, but its meanings are all over the place. Very general card. (You will find 'wrong use of force' as its definitions in Tarot books, meaning wrong use of energy. That does apply; it is true – but it isn't much use on the actual table.)

Devil is a problem, obstacle, difficulty … whatever ties you up, limits you, holds you back. (Eight of Swords is the tied-up, limited, held-back person, by the way, whose bonds are also loose.)

Devil means anything horrible to not-so-good, but it also means attachment (represented by the chains of course) in any way (yeah, a paper clip! - or an attachment to a document), and it means 'physical,' and 'obligation' and 'sexual' generally too. So it can say 'have to,' 'forced to,' no choice but to,' etc. like Ace of Swords and Ace of Wands. (It can say those things, but not that often.) So, with all these possibilities in your spread, you look at the other cards, then go back to Devil, usually, to be more efficient.

We are not using some of Devil's specific 'bad things,' so I won't go into that here: We are focused on the operation of Devil today. Google 'Devil Tarot Verbatim' to find the comprehensive list.

Look for Devil to mean obligation. Since Devil means 'binding,' and means 'obligation,' Devil with Three of Pentacles - a card whose illustration is about a contract - say 'bound by the contract' or 'contractually binding.' Three of Pentacles is an agreement among or between people (definition of a contract, by the way!), so Devil and Three of Pentacles also can read 'forced to agree,' or 'you have to because you agreed with them/us to.'

More examples of Devil's operation: Devil and Three of Pentacles is a sexual meeting (liaison) because Devil is sexual, and Three of Pentacles is a meeting and/or relationship. One step farther, Devil and Three of Pentacles could be prostitution: a commercial exchange for sex.

A male and female human are tied to Devil's chair by loose chains around their necks. They wear horns. She has a tail ending in a bunch of grapes ('wine'); he has a tail ending in fire from 26

Devil's upside-down torch ('passion'). This depicts the idea that what ties them to *what holds them back* or what ties them to their vices is voluntary. That is the core meaning of Devil in Rider Waite, but its meanings are all over the place. Very general card. (You will find 'wrong use of force' as its definitions in Tarot books, meaning wrong use of energy. That does apply; it is true – but it isn't much use on the actual table.)

Devil is a problem, obstacle, difficulty … whatever ties you up, limits you, holds you back. (Eight of Swords is the tied-up, limited, held-back person, by the way, whose bonds are also loose.)

We are not using some of Devil's specific 'bad things,' so I won't go into that here: We are focused on the operation of Devil today. Google 'Devil Tarot Verbatim' to find the comprehensive list.

Devil - Besides the obvious, Devil is about limitation and attachment, about the lowest form of (anything). It is a very ambiguous (unclear) card that sometimes just means attachment. Not all its meanings are distasteful.

The main point of Devil is attachment. Devil's illustration says that our attachment to our alter ego or dark side is voluntary: The chains there are loose. Devil is the downside or the dark side of anything – internal or external. The illustration is about attachment to our vices, to whatever holds us back or lowers our consciousness … bad habits, addictions. Devil represents problems, difficulties, handicaps, things nasty, ugly, hated, rude, disagreeable, perverted, mean or dysfunctional. Feeling bad, hurt feelings, guilt and remorse, condemnation. Disrepair, unpleasant situation, the worst people, the hard part. Being mad, sickness, infection, being in pain, and hating. Mistakes. Devil is sexual things too, especially the problematical sides of sex, so it can be sex problems of any sort, lust, bondage, etc. But, in the right company, Devil is down-and-dirty good sex too.

However, Devil sometimes just means 'physical,' as, strangely, Hierophant the Pope does as well. Devil can mean physical attachment, like the attachment of a trailer hitch, or bolts holding the wheel of a vehicle on. The chains bring this aspect out. Even something paper-clipped or stapled together, or 'attachments to the transcript' or other document in court.

The torch being held the wrong way translates 'wrong use of force,' one of Devil's traditional meanings that is almost never expressed. Except to translate 'brutal. ' Devil, of course, refers to force, brutality and brutish behavior – all the way to torture, which doesn't concern us today.

End deceptive trade practices. 28

One Way To Make Use Of These

Let’s say you look at Three of Pentacles and decide your topic fits ‘negotiation’ for your neighbor’s question about a petition at a city council meeting about zoning. The question is: At this particular meeting, will the matter be settled fairly (her definition of ‘fair,’ of course)? Three of Pentacles is negotiation and is ‘a fair deal, a settlement.’ Devil says there is an obstacle, and may indicate corruption, making the answer: No, it isn’t all cleanly settled at that city council meeting.

Combined Meanings for Three of Pentacles and Devil

Well, here you have people getting together with an underlying idea of a fair deal (Three of Pentacles of course), and anything that could possibly go wrong (Devil). That covers a lot of ground. There’s an exchange, and there’s consequences, or there’s an exchange of something harmful or wrong.

More than that, Three of Pentacles has general meanings like ‘associate with’ and ‘meet’ and Devil can mean all sorts of disagreeable people, all sorts of problems. Put that together! We had very few meanings for combining Temperance with Three of Pentacles because they both mean much of the same things, and we have an endless potential list combining Devil with Three of Pentacles. Here are random examples for you to go by. This is something you will catch onto.

Three of Pentacles and Devil talk about dealing with difficult people; dealing with people who are impossible to deal with; dealing with difficult situations; a relationship with a bad person or an evil person or a defective-unit person; problems dealing with customers (‘customers’ because Three of Pentacles is a commercial, buy/sell, exchange); troubled relationship; people who are hard to get along with; team member who is against doing his/her part; a sexual relationship; stuck in a love affair; wrong for each other; what we are doing together is wrong; a huge obstacle to settlement; meeting with a dangerous person (or a dangerous meeting); deal with the devil; it’s so hard to pay for something you owe - to pay the bill; an agreement you hate being part of; bad business; you meet and the person is a pervert; people you hate to be associated with; a court case is a problem; criminal legal proceedings; a court case about pornography; dealing with illness; ménage à trois [sex involves three persons]; a group of disabled people; specialists put their heads together about a disease they are involved in professionally (a case); funding my vice; paying for my drugs; drug dealers; investing in a bad market; satanists get together; spread of a germ among people who associate with one another.

Phrases for Three of Pentacles and Devil

Here are some of the innumerable phrases for Three of Pentacles and Devil – more than enough to give you the idea of how they go together! To make it very plain for even beginners, I have marked meanings of ‘Devil’ by showing it in blue and the other words, in green, are the meanings of our ‘constant,’ Three of Pentacles. relationship has me in a funk in a relationship with some bad guys in a relationship with an evil person relationships are difficult among these folks hates being in this triangle the right relationship but the wrong person wrong for each other sexual relationship third party is a troublemaker

30 the problem when you deal with people because interacting with people is too much trouble dope dealers people are being hard to get along with business difficulties investing in junk markets a mutually profitable deal with a devil the people you present it to are so rude a huge impediment to us settling up the deal goes sour dealing with problem people Three of Pentacles dealing with the dark side Three of Pentacles transact business with dishonest parties dealing with lowlifes (scumbags, crooks, etc.) get along with cranky people dealing with people is difficult corrupt business dealing with a dishonest dishonest deal deal with the bad guys rude customers getting problem people to do their part a difficult relationship hate dealing with him problems with the deal relationship with the wrong person hurtful relationship dealing with the devil Devil selling contraband sexual relationship illegal business You're being fair dealing with a crook. The third party is the problem. dealing with them is too much trouble. 31 hard to get along with shady market an obstacle to settling up problem people deals go sour problem with the budget bad investment get along with cranky people invest in a hazardous market we get together about a problem three 'bad actors' it's worth the trouble to them a meeting about the problem profitable now that the problem is it's difficult to get the contract a pitfall because of this conference mistake in the negotiation a meeting because of the difficulty a meeting due to the illness put our heads together about a mistake the hardest part of the seminar so grumpy when you meet him an illicit income for the three of them screw up the deal mad about the meeting a sexual liaison sexual triangle being the bad guy in the relationship relationship is getting crude meeting rude people meeting Mr. Wrong obligate ourselves the downside of doing your part fair and square the financial obligations 32 financial obligations of the business relationship ‘warts and all’ rude when we get together get nasty with people you know the deal is profitable despite its problems profiting from the problem negotiating a pitfall dealing with the worst of it due to illness, the meeting is bad relationship unethical parties are doing their part in this deal y’all got into a disagreement the people who hate each other the meeting where they got nasty associate with the scum of the earth we are together because of our mutual problems screw up the deal let’s get together and work out our troubles creepy team member obligated by the contract a mistake in a relationship they get together for sex have to be in a relationship I was wrong; I’m doing my part now contractual obligation the team gives you a hard time settle a nasty lawsuit agree on what’s wrong meeting to deal with the trouble this business deal is a mistake is obligated in the agreement things are going well, and up pops the devil a restriction in a contract contract is for a limited 33 mistake in a negotiation the way business is done is a problem someone is rude in the get-together disagreeable people to deal with be disagreeable to deal with them meeting with them is a mistake the team gives you a hard time associating with an addict these folks are addicts settle a nasty we settle up despite we agree that’s the wrong way to do it

Blending Concepts of Three of Pentacles and Devil

And now, for what it’s worth, I have taken just one meaning-category of Devil and applied it to each of the headline meanings of Three of Pentacles (unless I couldn’t think of examples).

The purpose of this is to introduce ourselves to blending these concepts by using this Lesson's card, Devil, and applying it to all the main meanings of Three of Pentacles. Kind of like playing scales when you learn a musical instrument. The constant is Devil’s headline meanings about HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE. You can skip this exercise if you like.

But you can also exercise your Tarot expertise by putting one card down, and going one other card at a time through the whole deck, reading the ones you know and figuring out the ones you don’t know. It may help to hurry yourself through, which forces you to 'come up with something,' and that 'something' may be from the wisdom of your inner mind.

Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ RELATIONSHIP meanings gives us these concepts: The hard part is me doing my part in this relationship. A difficult relationship.

This relationship operates as an obstacle. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ SETTLE/SETTLEMENT meanings gives us these concepts: The main disadvantage of settling. Working out the obstacles to settle the case. We settle with them, and then there’s the hard part. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ LEGAL meanings gives us these concepts: A difficult legal position. The plea bargain hits a snag. At a disadvantage when it comes to settling. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ PROJECT meanings gives us these concepts: A really difficult project. The project hits a snag. The main impediment to our project. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ DEAL/TRANSACTION meanings gives us these concepts: We are at a disadvantage in dealing with them. The obstacle to the transaction. Dealing with those people is the hard part. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ DOING THEIR PART meanings gives us these concepts: It’s difficult for them to do their part. The obstacle is the way we do our part. At a disadvantage when it comes to us doing our part. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ MEETING meanings gives us these concepts: Difficult to meet up with you. The meeting is always the hard part for me. I’m at a disadvantage when it comes to those meetings.

Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ GET TOGETHER meanings gives us these concepts: Getting together is the hard part. If they get together, we are at a disadvantage. Obstacles to all of us getting together. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ AGREE/AGREEMENTS meanings gives us these concepts: It’s hard to agree with that person. We all agree this is difficult. We agree they are at a disadvantage. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ CONTRACT meanings gives us these concepts: There are obstacles to agreeing to a contract. Terms of this contract are difficult. We create impediments to their contract. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ NEGOTIATE/NEGOTIATION meanings gives us these concepts: We are going to make negotiating difficult. We just negotiate the parts that are hard for you. Negotiate where you have the disadvantage. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ CONSTRUCTION meanings gives us these concepts: The hard part of construction is the critical path. You always hit snags in the construction industry. Got impediments to that construction project. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ REAL ESTATE meanings gives us these concepts: Selling the real estate is the hard part. That piece of real estate has its disadvantages. Obstacles to your purchase of the real estate. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ THREE PEOPLE/OTHER PEOPLE meanings gives us these concepts: You hit a snag with those three people.

Other people have a hard time with this. Those other parties are our obstacle to getting this done. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ TEAM meanings gives us these concepts: This team can handle the snags. Their team has us at a disadvantage. Teamwork is the hard part here. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ NETWORKING meanings gives us these concepts: Network my way through the hard parts. The main obstacle to networking on this project. No difficulty networking through this. Applying Devil’s [HARD PART, DIFFICULT, DIFFICULTY, OBSTACLE, SNAG, IMPEDIMENT, DISADVANTAGE] meanings to Three of Pentacles’ TRADING, INVESTING (COMMERCE, MAKE MONEY TOGETHER, DOING BUSINESS, SELLING) meanings gives us these concepts: It’s a difficult business. Making money on it is the hard part. The obstacle to trading is overcome.

It’s not hard to get along.

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