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Planta Europa is the network of organisations working to conserve the wild plants, both higher and lower, of Europe and their habitats VISION A world in which plants are valued - now and for the future GOAL To halt the loss of plant diversity by 2007 THE PLANTA EUROPA SECRETARIAT C/o Plantlife International 14 Rollestone Street Salisbury Wiltshire SP1 1DX, UK Tel: +44(0) 1722 342730 Fax:+44 (0)1722 329035 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.plantaeuropa.org © Planta Europa and Plantlife International 2007 Plantlife International – The Wild Plant Conservation Charity is a charitable organisation limited by guarantee. Registered charity number: 1059559 Registered Company Number: 3166339. Registered in England Citation: Planta Europa, 2007, Review of the European Plant Conservation Strategy: Progress and Challenges 2007, Plantlife International Publication, text and background information prepared by: Seona Anderson, Melanie Blitz, Meike Kretschmar, Eutiquio Martinez, Ainhoa Mendizabal, Beth Newman, Jonathan Rudge Planta Europa would like to thank the following organisations for their financial support for activities surrounding this publication: Plantlife International, Joint Nature Committee for Conservation (JNCC), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), The Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality of the Netherlands, The Earnest Kleinwort Charitable Trust Executive Summary The European Plant Conservation Strategy (EPCS) is the regional component of the CBD Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). The EPCS was developed in 2001 by the Planta Europa network and is due to come to an end in 2007 This report highlights the strengths and weaknesses of EPCS implementation and prospects for the future, through a review of the targets, an assessment of the enabling environment in Europe and examples of good practice. The EPCS has provided a coherent framework for a range of plant conservation stakeholders from different organisations and countries in Europe to work together. There have been many successes in implementing the targets particularly in relation to checklists, fungi red-listing, ex- situ protocols, the micro-reserves and IPA programmes and in many other targets. However work on sustainable use of wild plants, communication and awareness raising, and increasing the number of trained specialists requires more targeted effort. Obstacles to the implementation of targets are the lack of strong lead organisations, lack of base-line data for some of the targets, and lack of funding or governmental commitment. The EPCS has great potential to contribute to existing European conservation strategies and in its own right, by providing expertise, a network of stakeholders and improved data and methodologies. The profile of the EPCS among the European Commission, regional conservation organisations and national agencies needs to be raised significantly. Implementation has been hampered by the lack of direct funding sources, either national or regional, and the varying commitment and capacities of national GSPC focal points. Government focal points and agencies need to make a greater effort to fulfil their CBD obligations by developing implementing and funding strategies in consultation with plant conservation stakeholders. This document will be used to inform a strategic review of the future of the EPCS at the Fifth Planta Europe Conference in Romania in September 2007. The review process so far has highlighted the need for a new EPCS but with fewer targets, more aligned with the GSPC targets, a revision of the role of lead organisations, the inclusion of more actions on climate change, ecological corridors, the ecosystem approach and sustainable management, and clearer information on national implementation strategies. The review has also illustrated the urgent need for an effective on-line clearing house mechanism to report and monitor progress with targets and highlight good practice or methodologies. Coordination of the EPCS, currently carried out by Planta Europa, needs to be significantly strengthened and key alliances with other conservation organisations maintained and strengthened. Key Recommendations for Implementing the EPCS • Develop a new European Plant Conservation Strategy (EPCS) with fewer targets more closely aligned to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, with information to facilitate national implementation of the targets. • Review the role of lead organisations and change the system if necessary. • The new EPCS should include more emphasis on the ecosystem approach and more actions related to mitigating the effects of climate change and developing ecological corridors. • An on-line clearing house facility to monitor progress with targets, promote good practise, disseminate key data, and raise awareness of the EPCS and GSPC in Europe should be developed as a matter of urgency. • Increased and targeted awareness raising of the EPCS/GSPC and plant conservation issues in general, particularly aimed at the EU, national government agencies, the scientific community in Europe and the general public. • The commitment of national governments and the role of national GSPC focal points must be strengthened to implement the EPCS/GSPC, which should include improved reporting on progress, and the development of national implementation and funding strategies • Planta Europa’s role in providing advice on fund-raising or assisting members to fund- raise for implementing the EPCS should be increased • Planta Europa and its members need to maintain and develop alliances with other scientific, conservation and policy organisations in Europe to increase effectiveness of the EPCS • Planta Europa’s role as a key coordinator of the EPCS needs to be strengthened significantly or replaced if another more suitable organisation can be found. 1 2 Introduction: What do we have to lose and what do we have to gain What would our children and grandchildren miss most about a European landscape with fewer wild plants and wild places? Would it simply be the chance to walk through an old deciduous forest rich with life or a flower-filled mountain meadow? Would it be the sounds of the birds and animals that rely on those plants and habitats? Would it be the lack of variety in a landscape of Sitka spruce plantations and hectares of sterile earth under a handful of commercial plants? Or would it be a darker future where there are no wild plant relatives to provide a genetic reserve of food and medicinal plants to provide for our needs? The European Plant Conservation Strategy (EPCS), the regional strategy of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), is the response of botanists and specialists across Europe to try and prevent the type of diminished future described above. The loss of wild plants and wild places is a complex issue which touches many parts of our lives from the production of our food and materials, our access to water, to the way we travel, and to the places we chose to build our houses and businesses. However, there are many practical solutions to the problems of losing our wild plants and the EPCS provides a framework for botanists and specialists to carry out targeted conservation work, to involve a range of stakeholders and to highlight the results of their work to the public and decision makers. Like all good ideas the EPCS needs good people and adequate support to make it happen in practice. This report outlines the progress so far and the potential and challenges of implementing the EPCS in the current legal and funding environment for conservation. There are undoubtedly many challenges still ahead but the numerous cases where botanists, specialists and local people have created a better environment for plants to flourish and a more sustainable future should be highlighted as an example of what can be achieved. This report provides a series of case studies of good practice. The governments of Europe have committed to delivering the sixteen targets of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) by 2010. This report provides information on progress, examples of good practice and details of the support that they need to provide in order to meet their obligations. Planta Europa provides a network of botanical and mycological experts, academic, NGO and governmental, working across Europe to conserve plants and to implement the European Strategy for Plant Conservation. We have much to lose by giving up our wild plants and wild places through ignorance or indifference but we have so much more to gain by trying to stop the loss of wild plants, fungi, the places where they live and the livelihoods, which they support. Development of the European Plant Conservation Strategy 2001-2007 June 2001 • 250 members of the Planta Europa network develop the European Plant Conservation Strategy with concrete, achievable targets at the 3rd Planta Europa Conference in Pruhonice, Czech Republic • The strategy contains 42 clear, measurable targets to be achieved by 2007 • These targets are grouped under the five objectives shared with the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, and organisations were assigned to lead on their implementation April 2002 • The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) adopted the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC – Decision VI/9) • The GSPC was endorsed by 180 countries across the globe. These national governments have committed to delivering the GSPC targets by 2010 • The CBD Decision VI/10 also recognised the EPCS as a important regional contribution to the GSPC