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Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 E E E E

E E & TAVISTOCK DISTRICT E E (!(! E (! E E 80 (!84 E 8(!2 E DISTRICT E 9!7 ( (!90 E !!(92 (!(!9(!(!5 93! (!(!(! 94(!!((! 9!6!E (! (!(!!((! (!(!(!(! (!(!( 91 1(!01 !85 DISTRICT 102 (! E (! (!100 ( E 98 89 E E 88 87 (! E 81(!(! 99 E E 86 EE E E E E E E 76(! E E (!83 E E E E E EE E E E E EE EE ST. AUSTELL DISTRICT E E ST. AGNES (! (! E 71 70 DISTRICT 7(!8 (!(! 73 79(!(! (!77 74 (!(! E E (!(! E 72 E E EE (!7(!5 , E E 24 & 6(!6 E(!47 50 (! 25(! (!(! 44 E ST. DAY DISTRICT 38 55 !(!(! 40 E 51 (!67( (!35 (! (!45 E 39 64(! (! (!(!(! E 56(! 49(! 5369 57(! 46 585!9 5(!4 (! 43 (! (! (! 41 E E (!(! 36(!(! 62 34 E E E 60 (! (! (! (! 61 (! 48 (! 30 E E E GWINEAR 3!7(! 63 28 68 E 26((!2(!9 (!(!23 ST. IVES (!32 31 E DISTRICT (!2733 (! 65 E DISTRICT 2!1 52 E !((! 42 EE E E 19( 20 E (! ± E EE 22 (! E EE E 4(! 2 ST. JUST (! E E ! E E (!!((! (! 11 WENDRON & E( 1 DISTRICT 7 (!18 E (! FALMOUTH DISTRICT E 12(!1316(!17 E E 0 5 10 20 30 40 3 (! E E E 10 8 9 E E E E (!! ! E Kilometers ( (!15 (! EE 14 E E 6 EE E E E E MOUNT'S BAY DISTRICT E E E E Households (sampling units) E (!5 Mining districts (Dines 1956)

Devon county

!( Mining sites 1:Botallack:Sn 27:Camborne Vean:Cu 53:Poldice:Cu 78:Polmear:Cu 2:Levant:Cu 28:Carn Brea and Tincroft:Cu 54:Poldice, East and Agar:Sn 79:St. Austell Consols:Sn 3:Owles:Sn 29:Carn Camborne:Cu 55:Poldice, West:Sn 80:Treore:As 4:Spearn Moor:Sn 30:Clifford Amalgamated:Cu 56:Pool, North:Cu 81:Ambrose Lake:Sn 5:Fenwick:Sn 31:Comford:Cu 57:Prosper:Sn 82:Lemarne:As 6:Fortune, Great (Breage):Sn 32:Condurrow:Cu 58:Roskear, South:Cu 83:Trelawny:Pb 7:Fortune, Great (Ludgvan):Sn 33:Condurrow, South:Sn 58:Roskear, North:Cu 84:Vincent:Sn 8:Great Western:Sn 34:Consolidated Mines:Cu 59:Seton:Cu 85:Arthur:Cu 9:Great Work:Sn 35:Creegbrawse and Penkeevil:Cu 60:Seton, West:Cu 86:Bedford Consols:Cu 10:Hampton:Sn 36:Crofty, South:Cu 61:St. Day United:Cu 87:Brothers:Ag 11:Leedstown Consols:Sn 37:Dolcoath:Cu 62:Tehidy:Cu 88:Callington Consols:Sn 12: Mines:Cu 38:Downs, Great North:Cu 63:Tincroft:Cu 89:Drakewalls:Sn 13:Prosper United:Cu 39:Emily Henrietta:Cu 64:Tolgullow United:Sn 90:Duchy Great Consols:Cu 14:St. Aubyn and Grylla:Sn 40:Falmouth and Sperries:As 65:Tresavean:Cu 91:Florence:Sn 15:Sydney Godolphin:Sn 41:Falmouth Consolidated:Sn 66:Treskerby, North:Cu 92:Gunnislake Clitters:Cu 16:Tindene:Sn 42:Forest:As 67:Unity:Sn 93:Hingston Down:Cu 17:Tregembo:Sn 43:Gorland:Cu 68:United Mines:Cu 94:Holmbush:Cu 18:Trevarthian Downs:Sn 44:Hallenbeagle:Cu 69:Unity Wood:Cu 95:Kelly Bray:Cu 19:Rosewarne and Herland United:Cu 45:Jane:Sn 70:Anna:Zn 96:Kit Hill United:Sn 20:Rosewarne, New West:Sn 46:Jane, West:S (sulphur) 71:Blue Hills:Sn 97:Martha:Cu 21:Rosewarne, North:Cu 47:Killifreth:Sn 72:Chiverton, Great South:Pb 98:Newton:As 22:Unity Consols:Cu 48:Nangiles:S (sulphur) 73:Chiverton, New:Zn 99:Okeltor:Cu 23:Roskrow United:S (sulphur) 49:Pedn-and-Drea:Sn 74:Kitty:Sn 100:Prince of Wales:Sn 24:Boscawen:Cu 50:Peevor:Sn 75:Tywarnhayle:Cu 101:Prince of Wales, West:Sn 25:Busy:Cu 51:Peevor, West:Sn 76:Castle-an-Dinas:W 102:Redmoor:Cu 26:Camborne Consols:Cu 52:Pendarves United:Cu 77:Polgooth, South:Sn

Figure S1 The spatial distribution of As-specific former mining sites, located from BRITPITS and Dines (1956), in relation to sampled households. The former mining districts were digitalised from the paper maps provided in Dines (1956). Mining sites listed in bold type are those reported to have produced >2,000 tonnes of As. Compiled using ESRI ArcMap 10.1.