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PIREGTORY QF THE SXATES ' AND TERRITORIES
•a-" 1 .State and Territorial Pages • 2. Rosters of State Officials
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i. V ©*- 1 State and Territorial Pages
• / • '' • .••'•••.. ••• • •' .• • • :• . ^ . , HE following pages supply information respecting the several,States Tand Territories and indicate sources from which additional data nia;y ^be obtained. They are intend^to furnish concisely,an over-all sur vey of the government of eachState—its elective officials; the composi tion of its supreme court, and of its commissions on interstate coopera tion; the number of its Legislators, their terms and political affiliations; . its administrative officials; its nickname, motto, song, bird, and flower; summary State statistics; and a condensation of thost; services performed . by its legislative reference bureau, Also presented is a short general sketch of the-geography, economy, and historical backgrojmd of each •
• State,' • i . • :• " ,•••••. • • , .. Figures on general revenue and expenditures were.furnished in most cases by the United States Bureau of the Census,, which coordinates data from States to compensate for variarions in terminology and record procedures, thus rendering the figures more nearly comparable. Like-^- * wise, Census Bureau figures of total populations by States for 1950 are ti^ used. Most of the data on the following pages, however, was provided :, directly by agencies of the States themselves.
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•, V. .. STATE AND TERRITORIAL PAGES .471 THE STATES OF THE UNION—HISTORICAL DATA
Dale Date Chronological. Organized Admitted Order of as • '° Admission • Slatt Capital Source of State LaUds Territory Union to Union C*- ~a% Alabama. Montgomery Mississippi Territory, 1798(a) March 3. 1817 Dec. 14, 1819 22 Arizona Phoenix' Ceded by Mexico, 1848(b) Feb. 24, 1863 Feb. 14, 1912 48 Arkansas...... Little Rock Louisiana Purchase, 1803 March 2. 1819 June 1^, 1836 25. California...... Sacramento Ceded by Mexico, 1848 (c) Sept. 9, 1850 31 . CoIora4p...... Denver Louisiana Purchase, 1803(d) Feb. 28, 1861 j»Yug. 1. 1876 38 Coanecticut..'.. Hartford Royal charter, 1662(6) "Jan. 9, 1788(f) .5. Delaware Dover Swedish charter, 1638; English ...... Dec. 7, 1787(f; 1 charter, 1683(e) Florida ..>...... Tallahassee Ceded by Spain, 1819 \iarch 3d, 1822 AlSch 3, 1845 27 Georgia.....;... Atlanta Charter, 1732, from George II ;.. ; Jan.Z. 1788(f) -.4 to Trustees for Establishing. the Colony of'Georgia (e) -Idaho..... Boise Oregon Territory. 1848 March 3, 1863 July 3, 1890 43 Illilioia. .. Springfield Northwest Territory. 1787 Feb. 3, 1809 Dec 3, 1818 21 Indiana... Indianapolis Northwest Territory. 1787 May 7, 1800 Dec. 11, 1816 19 Iowa.,.... Des Moines Louisiana Purchase, 1803 Jqne 12, 1838 Dec. 28, 1846 - 29 Kansas... Tbpeka Louisiana Purchase, 1803(il) May 30. 1854 Jan. 29.: 1861 34 Kentucky. Frankfort' Part of Virginia until admitted June 1. 1792 • 15 as State • . Lduisiana. Baton Roufee Louisiana Purchase, 1803(g) March 24. 1804 April 8, .1812 ' 18 Maine;:.. Augusta Part of Massachusetts until (c) . March 15, 1820 23 admitted as State Maryland...... Annapolis Charter, 1632. from Charles I April 28, I788(t) '••.7, to Calvert(e) j Massachusetts.. Boston Charter to Massachusetts Bay Feb. 6, 1788(f) '•' 6 > . Company. 1629(e) Michigan...... Lansing Northwest Territory, 1787 Jan. 11. 1805 Jan. 26. 1837 26 Minnesota....:. St. Paul Northwest Territory. 1787(h) March 3. 1849 iVIayll, 1858 32 Mississippi...... Jackson Mississippi Tcrritory(i) April 17, 1798 Dec. 10, 1817 .' 20 Missouri... Jefferson City Louisiana Purchase. 1803 June 4, 1812 Aug. 10, 1821 24 Montana...... Helena Louisiana Purchase. 1803(j). May 26. 1864 Nov. 8. 1889 41 Nebrasloi...... Lincoln Louisiana Purchase. 1803 May 30. 1854 March 1; 1867 37 Nevada. • Cdrson Sity Ceded from Spain, 1848 March 2. 1861 Oct. 31. 1864 36 . New Hampshire. Concord Grant from James 1.1622 and June 21, 1788(f) 9 1629(e) . New Jersey.... y. Trenton Dutch settlement, 1618; Eng Dec.: 18, 1787(f) " lish charter, 1664(e) New Mexico Santa Fe Ceded by Mexico, 1848(b) Sept. 9, 1850 Jan. 6, 1912 47 New York;....;. Albany Dutch settlements 1623; Eng July 26, 1788(f) 11 lish control, 1664(e) North Carolina.. Raleigh Charter, 1663, from Charles 11 (e) Nov. 21, 1789(f) 12 North Dakota... Bismarck Louisiana Purchase, 1803(k) March 2, 1861 Nov. 2, 1889 39 Ohio....; . Columbus Northwest Territory, 1787 (c) Feb. 19. 1803 17 Oklahoma.. Oklahoma City Louisiana Purchase, 1803 May 2, 1890 Nov. 16, 1907 ^ 46 Oregon; Salem Settlement and treaty with Aug. 14, 1848 Feb. 14, 1859 ^ 33 Britain, 1846 « Pennsylvania.... Harrisburg Grant from . Charles II to Dec. 12, 1787(0 WUliam Penn, 1680(e) Rhode Island... Providence Charter, 1663. from Charles 11 (e) ...:...... May 29, 1790(f) 13 South Carolina.. Columbia ' Charter. 1663, from Charies 11 (e) ...-: May 23. 1788(f) 8 South Dakota... Pieri-e Louisiana Purchase, 1803 March 2. 1861 Nov. 2, 1889 ' '40 Tennessee,..... Nashville Part of North Carolina until (c) June 1, 1796 16 admitted as State Texas Austin • Republic of Texas, 1845 (c) Dec. 29. 1845 28 Utah... Salt Lak^t^ity Ceded by Mexico. 1848* Sept. 9, 1850 Jan. 4, 1896 45 Vermont., Montpelier From lands of New' Hamj)- . (c) • . March 4f 1791. 14 shire and New York Virginia...... Richmond Charter. 1609. from James,! June-25, 1788(0 10 to London Compa.ny(e) i>^ Washington... Olympia Oregon Territory, 1848 ;. . . March 2, 1853 Nov. 11. 1889 • • 42: West Virginia. Charleston Part of Virginia until admitted (c) June 20, 1863 v 35 asStatfe Wisconsin.... Madison , Northwest Territory. 1787 April 20, 1836* May 29, 1848 30 Wyoming..... Cheyenne . Louisiana Purchase, 1803fd.j) July 25, 1868 July 10. 1890 44 Alaska. .-.^.. ._^ .J.unea.u Purchased from Russia, 1867 .Aug. 24,1912 'Guam.. Agaria. Ceded from Spain, 1898 Aug. 1. 1950 . .; Hawaii Honolulu. Annexed. 1898 June 14. 1900 Puerto Rico..., San Juan Ceded fronv Spain, 1898 . March 2,. 1917 ...•....'.. Virgin Islands . Charlotte Auialie Purchased from Denmark, January 17, 1917 fvfa) By the Treaty of Paris, 1783, England gave up claim to (c) No territorial status before admission to Union. ' . ^-^the 13 original colonies, and to all land withm ah area (d) Portion of land ceded by Mexico, 1848. ' extending along the present Canadian border to the Lake (e) One of the original iS colonies. of the Woods, down the Mississippi River to the 31st (f) Date of ratification of U. S. Constitution. parallel, east to the Chattahoochie, down that river to . (g) West Feliciana District (Baton Rouge) acquired from the .mouth of the Flint, east to the sourte of the St. Spain, 1810, added to J-ouistana, 1812. Mary's, down that river to the ocean. Territory west ' (h) Portion of land obtair^ed by Louisiana Purchase, 1803. of the Alleghenies was claimed by various States, but (i) See footnote (a). The lower portion of Mississippi was was eventually ajl ceded to the Nation. Thus, the major also acquired from Spain in 1813. : part of Alabama was acquired by the Treaty of Paris, (j) Portion of land obtained frorn Oregon Territory, 1848. but the lower portion from Spain in 1813. (k) The northern portion and,.tlie Red River Valley was. (b). Portion of land obtained by Gadsden Purchase, 1853. acquired by treaty with Great'Britain in 1818. ALABAMA
Nickname...... The Cotton State Bird. .V...... •. .Yellowhammer
• ' • • •,••.•••'•••• .•"•%• Motto...,. We Dare Defend Our liights Song. Alabama '" • ' -~ • . • . ' . •. . • . ' - • . • t ' Flower...... GolHenrod . EnteredtheUnionDecember 14,1819 ' '^ : Capital City. .^.'.'. Montgomery
••'••• .•••.••.•••• ,>:•••••••'.•.. /. .••••• •• -. Alabama, the "Cotton State," is bordered 1779-80. It was the .twenty-second State on the south by the Gulf of Mexico, from to enter the/Union (1819). which a gradual slope leads upward to the , .„^" Cumberland Plateau in the.north. Maxi- ^• ., . rtium altitude is2,407 feet. The coastal plain '^iaik^TNa?k!n' ""''" V;".'' -^ zitti is drained by the Tombigbee and the Ala-. Population (1950)! *.'.'.' ...''.'.... .•. 3,061,74^ bama rivers. The plateau is cut. by the Rank'in Nation (1950).. .'. 17th Tennessee River, the site of a pioneer ex- • ^.^^P^i^yper square mile (1950)...... v. .59.9 ^c^^i^^^i :^ ,.,«•«« ^^,.,«,« ^^A Gr^^A ^^'„;^^i Number of Representatives m Congress 9 periment m water POwer and flood control j,^^^^ Year 1950 (ended September 30, 1949): —the- Tennessee Valley Authority. The General Revenue... :...•.;.... .S191,156,000t fir^ dam in the project was built at Mus- General Expenditures...... $190,119,00.01 cle Shoals. ^ State University ... University of Alabama The br^dcoastalplainis-arichfarming" c^JJiiaty.-V.;:;;;;.:;^ country. Principal crops are-cotton, corn, Population (1950) •... .105,098t peanuts, hay, oats, potatoes, peaches, soy Rank in State '. 3rdt beans, and livestock, and the total value ^^S^^.^i^y •;••••'•••••• - for 1950 approached $465 million. E«en- ]t,!SS^^^-i6fimi^£on^'^^ sive mineral resources, including coalj iron Number of Counties. .• ..:...... 67 ore, and building stone, contribu'te to the •.•^a aiipcatcd on .basis of 1950 population figures State's ecoAomy. The principal manufac- ; {5it/„7p-it^^ tured products (estimated value 1950) are ,^ iron, steel, and aluminum, $672,()00,000^ LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES textiles, •^548,000,000;. lumber,;. : <' Legislative CouncU^ . ' $205,000,000; foodproductS,p87 000,000; CHAKIIES M. GOOPEB, Secretary and petroleum and coke, S95,000.000. " . , ^ .^ ... „ ^. ,, . ' Birmingham, the largest city, is^he cen, • • ^ I^egislative Reference Service • terofthe steel industry Montgomery, the CHARLES M. COOPER, Director • / capital, was also the first capitalof the Con- ' - Department^of Archives and History * ^federacy and it was here that jeffersdn * MARIE B.OWEN. Director . . Davis took his oathof office in 1861.' Mobile The Legislative Reference Service, staff" is an important shipping point. Alabama arm.of the Legislative Council, performs has twenty-six institutions of hig'herediica- bill drafting, statutory revision, and re- tioh, among them the famous and pioneer " search services for the Legislative Council Tuskegee.institute. . t , and the Legislature. The Director of the The State has many scenic and vacation Reference. Service is ex-officio Secretary of attractions,.among them the T.V.A. develv the Legislative Council. The Legis^lative opment, containing a 700-mile chain of Council is composed of the President of the
• ^ lakes;. Gulf State Park; the Bellingrath Senate, Speaker of the House, and four- Gardens; Cheaha Mountain, a State park; .^enators and six Representatives elected by and Clear Creek Falls. - • "tF^l^egislature. The Council directs the• Alabajrna, visited by DeSoto in 1540, was activities of'the Reference Service. The settled By the /French^ in 1702, later ceded Department of Aif chives and History main- to the British (1763), and then acquired by tains reference, library facilities for t^e t^e*-Spanish as^part of West Florida in Legislature. ? ° » • ••• ••• " • ^ • ••'• •:' .,472 ••••••. • '•• ^^^ •' • •/•
#- J /•/-^ ALABAMA 473 :
OFFICERS Governor... .•.'...... GORDON PERSONS Lieutenant Governor. .JAM^S B. ALLEN Secretary of State .MRS. AGNES BAGCEtr Attorney General.;... ^... Si GARRETT State Treasurer . :••. .SIBYL POOL State Auditor...... '.. . JOHN BRANDON State Comptroller...... JOHN GRAVES
ALABAMA - SUPREME. COURT Chief Justice .J, Eo LIVINGSTON Six Associate Members Term' ...... :T7...... Six years'
Elected by popular A-ote HON. D. W. HODO • <^ I GOVERNOR . ) Chairman of the Coimnission on GdRDON PERSONS (?v Interstate Coop)eration . J LEGISLATURE . ' • President of the Senate*. .._ •.. ; . . .JAMES B. ALLEN . President Pro Tern • Speaicer of theHouse...... • ROBERTS H. BROWN of the Seriate.... ALBERT BOUTWELL Glerk-of the House.... .ROBERT T. .GOODVV>'N, JR. Secretary of the Senate ,• > .J. E. SPEIGHT ' ' ]j Organization Session . ' Senators Representatives Term • Second TuesdaV'in January after election, D...... 35 D .....Ij05 Senate, 4 years' Leiigth; 10 consecutive calendar days. Total...... 35 R.. ...A House. 4 years • j Regular Session Total.. 106 ' o ^ First. Tuesday in May, bierihiaUy in odd years. Length: 36 days. '' ; • COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION^ • f^ " Administrative Members Senate Members' ' House Members D.W. HODO, Chairman LAWRENCE .K. ANDRE^vs KARL C; HARRISON JOE L. COLEMAN J. H. FAULKNER . HUGH.KAUL BILL DORROUGH : • THOMAS A. JOHNSTON, ni ' PELHAM J. MERRILL' JOE M. EDWARDS • J. T, PHILLIPS •: IRA p* PRLTITT -^ ,^ W. J. TmRRY E. W. SKIDMORE . A. I.'SELDEN, JR. Ex-qfficio Honorary Member: THE'GOVERNOR ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General. .. WALTER J. HANNA Libi;ary (Arch.). MRS MARIE BANKHEAD OU^ENS Advertising . W. O. DOBBINS,**JR. Library (Law) .....'. ^. .RICHARD NEAL Aeronautics. .. ASA ROUNTREE, JR. Liqiior Control. .., . MAURY MCWILLIAMS Agriculture. . JFRANK M, STEWART Mental Health. . .J. S. TARWATER, M.D. Banking. ..:.. ..H. A. LONGSHORE Mines..,..... , '..]. A. FINLEY HARPER Budget.. .JAMES V.JORDAN Motor Vehicles...... ;...... H; S. PHIFER Civil Defense...... '... .J. M. GARRETT, JR> Oil and Gai...... WALTER B. JONES Conservation'^^. .EARL M.McGowaN OId;Age Assistance: ...... ELIZABETH BRYAN Corporations...... MRS. AGNES"BAG,GETT Parks..»...... ,i...... '.JAMES LI SECREST Corrections. ..-...... J. M. MCCULLOUGH Parole .;...... HOWELL TURNER Educatiq;!, ...... *...... W. J. TERRY Personnel.... .^r-. .>...... •....•.. C W. TERRY Employment Service...... G^F. ANDERSON Planning and Development. .W O. DOBBINS, JR. Equalization of Assessments... .JOE M. EDWARDS Police. .. :.... .'... :'.[... .'...-.: .L. B. SULLIVAN Finance...... ;...... D.-W. HODO JPrinting and Purchasing...... JAMES B, KJNG Fire Marshal. .- .L..L.. GWALTNEY? JR. . Public Assistance. .. . .ELIZABETH BR\;AN Fish and Gairie. ./.C. GRA'HAM HIXON Public Utilities and Raikos^ds.. .". . .C. C. OWEN Food and Drugs..-. GEORGE H. MARSH Public Works ., .,...... :.. H. H, HOUK Forestry .'...... J. M..STAUfFER Securities'. Si GARRETT Geology...... WALTER-B. JONES Taxation..'., JOE M, EDWARDS Health. .../.. .D. G. GIL;., M.D. Uriemploymenl Insurance.... VViLLiAM A, MAJQRJ Highways. , . .j.. .. v...... A- .. W. G. FRUETT Veterans.;... .> .C. G. HORTON* Insurance...... :.;. .L. L. GWALTNEY, JR. Welfare...... -.'...... , BII».L DORROUGH "Labor.... / . RALPH L'. BURNS Workmen's Compensation. ....EDWARD LASETER \' ••/ ARIZONA a ^Ni'ckname.The Grand Canyon State BirQ..:.- ;... Cactus^Wren Motto....Ditai Dens (God Enrichas) Song.. .• .Arizona Flower. . . . . • .... .Saguaro Cactus Entcrcd.theUniohFebruaryH, 1912 •*: ' . " " • Capital City. .!...... :.. .Phoenix ' -
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••'•':'-: •'••••• .'^ •'. '•• ..•.''••. ' • •• ••-'• • •• •'.••• Arizona, a southwestern State, lies on the Gila Ri\'er was ceded to the Uriited States Mexican-border: The northe"rn part is a at the close of-the "Mexiciin War (1848). high plateau intersected by deep cTanyons' The strip of land south of the river was in- cutf by .the Colprado and its tributaries, 'cluded'inthe Gadsden Purchase, in 1853.' u Frpjm the high mountain ranges of thecen- Arizona was admitted to the Unionln 1912 . tral area a gradual slope descends south- as the,forty-eighth State. ' - westward to a low, arid plain drained by ' .c ' • the Gila River and its branches. Altitudes ': STATISTICS. ^ ^. vary greatly, from 12,794 feet in the San Area (square mile's)...... :...... "... 113,575 Francisco .Mountains to 141 feet in'the • Ranjcin Nation.. . . .,. ..:.... .••.. '.. .5th southwestern lowlands.. ^ Population (1950)...... :..,...... 749,587; ' 'Much of Arizona's .arid land has been ^^"'^ ^'^ Nation (1950) ...... ,37th made productive by irrigation, and cotton, ;,, Density per square mile (1950).... .^...... 6.6 . f • j V 1 i! 1 Number of Representatives m Congress...... ; 2^ . Citrus iruits, ana t;-ucK crops nave.oecome,^ Fiscal Year 1950.. (ended June 30,. 1950): important products. Sheep amdiicattle are GencralRevenue .. .S70,854,006t, raised in maiiy areas. . • GchcralExpenditures...... S75,749,000t The State is rich in minerals. The cop-; State'University...... -r?. .University of Arizona .per mines are among the most productive Site. .Tucspn in the world, and large quantities of gold, Capital City..... ;..^.. .*. . . .—...;. .Phoeni.x silver, zinc, and Iqad are also produced '"Population (1950)... .105,442!'t • (valueofxopper, lt'47, appro-xi'mately $153 -^^^ in State. ,.,... .IstJ •million). Lumber pr'oducts are valued at ^^""''^''y-•--••^• —r' -^ncTi^l ' ..I 01C -ii- • . Population (1950). .;. .105,442 J approximately SI 5 mijlion. ^ Number of Cities over 10,000 Population..... 31 Many Indiaa reservations are m Ari-^.^^^ber of Counties.:..:;...,..' .'. r4. zona, where more than thirty tribes are » — represented in the population, among them, t''^^ |"ircl°o\SCl J'jo^r''"''''"" ''"" . ' the Apaches, the Hopis, and the NayajOS. JBascd on preliminary igsdpopulation figures -„ .Among the iriteresdng and unusual fea- * LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES- tures of Arizona t ; .S: fS!(iS>i S^i OlFFICERS ' Governor; . . I... . . ; . HOWARD PVLE Lieutenant Go /ernor .,..'. . .None Secretary of St at..'... WESLEY EOLIN Attorney Gene al. . •. . FRED O. WI|,SPN State Treasure! . . E. T. Wu.i i^^^is, JR. r- State Auditor...... JEVVELUJORDAN A .(V^ ARIZONA SUPREME COURT Chief Justfce. LEVI S. UDALL Two A jsociate Judges Term. ,. rSix years Elected jly populapopu r vote HON. WARNER.B. MATTICE GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commiitcc on / HOWARD PYLEI ' V • Intcntale Cooperation LEGISLATURE 0> President of the !ienate..: .WARNER B MATTICE Speaker of the House.. .RAYMOND G. .LANGHAM Secretary of the J Ienate. MRS. MAY BELLE CRAIG Clerk of the House...... MRS.'LALLAH RUTH Senators *^ Representatives Term -Regular Session \ D..:..;.:. .19 D.-. .'...... 62 Senate. .2 yearg-^ Monday after first Tuesday in January,j. Total...... 19 R...... 10 House, ..2 years annually. Length: 60 days. f ' Total.. .72. SPECIAt LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE ON STATE OPERATIONS / . (Functions as Committee on Interstate Cooperation) SenJate Members ' • /House Members VVARh ER B. MATTICE, Chairman ^YMOND G. LANGHAM JOHN R. FRANKS V • CARL W. MORRIS WM. ]^ KIMBALL • R.H. WALLACE Executive Secretary: MARY DENNIS ADMINISTRATIVE OPFICERS Adjutant General.;. . . i;.-. i::-.;_w.A,LM..TuTHiLL_ Insiirance. '... ROY B.. RUMMAQE Advertising. .. .1 ... .• .RAYMOND CARLSON Library (State aind-Law).-.—-. VMULEORD WiNSOR Aeronautics. . ,1 ...... WILSON T. WRIGHT Liquor Conti-ol...... JOHN A. DUNCAN Agriculture. . . J... . <. .'... .J. L. E. LAUDERDALE Maternal and Child Welfare. ANN M. BRACKERN .ff'- >• Banking...... i...... DAVID O. SAUNDERS Mental rfealth..,..!...... •^Rucp HART, M.D. Budget, HOWARD PYLE Mines.. . . .^. . . CLIFFORD J. MURIDOCK Civil. Defense ,4. .GEORGE B. 0,WEN Motor.Vehicles...... ;..;..:.... .C. L. LANE Conservation . THOMAS L. KIMBALL Oil and Gas.. ..•:.;: ;. r.-. . . . W. W. LANE Corporations :.,WILSON T. WRIGHT Old Age Assistante...... HOWARD ROURKE Corrections. . GEORGE R. RIDGVVAY' Parole.;.....;..;,.,.. , ... .WALTER HOFMANN Education. . .,....".. .M.'L. BROOKS Police;...;'. . . . .^ ..,-*..,... .G. O. HATHAWAY Employment :cunty. . . ..BRUCE PARKINSON Piiblic Utilities and Railroads. WILSON T. WRIGHT -Employment iervice...... "JAMES A. RORK Sanitation..:...... •. J-, P. W.VRD, M.D. Equalization )f Assessments.. .'.THADM. MOORE Securities.:...... \...... 1. .EARLF. HASTINGS Fish and Ga .THOMAS L, KIMBALL Soil Conservation...... | ... W. W- LANE Food and Dr igs ...... J. P. WARD, M.D. Taxation. .'...... ,..,..... THAD M, MOORE Geology... . G. M. BUTLER Uner^ployment Insurance.. . -. .BRUCE PARKINSON Health... :.^ .;.:.. .^.. .J. P. WARD, M.D. Water Resources Control .... . W; W. L.ANE Highways. .' ...... '..... ".. R. C. PtRKINS" Welfare. R. G. BOHANNON, JR. Income Tax r.. .ELWOOD DRIGGS Workmen's Compensation..... I.... .B. F. HILL oi ^r ARKANSAS Nickname-. ;.The Wonder State Bird. ., M6ckingbird Motto!..'. .:.... .Regnat Populus Song...;...... ;.. Arkansm (The People Rule) ._ , , ,, .' , . Vr ^nn. • . .. Entered the Union.. .June.15, 1836 Flower...... Apple Blossom • ^ \ Capital Gity, ..Litde Rock Arkansas • bounded by the Mississip'pi on Louisiaiia Purchase, It Was admitted to the east and Lbuisiana on the south, is -one the Union in 1836. , of the southwestern States of the cotton belt. ? The east, a plain with a minifniim" altitude STATISTIGS of 100 feet, is a- rich farming country. ' Areia .(square miles)...... 52,675 In the west are two mountain ranges, the Rank in Nation...... :.,. . .'. . . .:;..26th Ozarks and the Ouachitas (maximurn Populatixm (1950)...... ;...... 1,909,511 altitude 2,883 feet), separated by the wide Rank in Nation (195.0),.....:.. ,...', .30th valley of the Arkansas River. The State is Density per square mjle (1950), 36.3 Number of Representatives in Congress. , ..:6* dramed by the Mississippi and its tribu . Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950) :• " taries: the St. Fraricis, the White, the General Revenue...... ; ..8128,666,000f Arkansas, and the Red rivers, which also General Expenditures...... ; . . SI41,744,000f. furnish one of the principal mdthods of State University^:....'... University of Arkansas' Site .Fayetteville . transportation. . . Capital City.....;./... .Little Rock '^The State, ^mainly. agricultural, with Population (1950)...... 101,387f about: 6,747,000 acres under cultivation, Rank in State,...... :^:..istt Largest City.. . . .>. t, Little Rocki' grows principally cotton, corn,, rice, hay, Population (1950) ....:.::.....:., .. 101,387 J I soybeans;, fruit, and truck crops. Total Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. . . 121 value of farm production. in ,1949 was Number of Counties. .-...... i. .75 $531,650,000. Mte.of the national out-; *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures put of bauxite is produced in. Arkansas. .fU. S. Bureau of Census report . , iDther important minerals ^re. petroleum, • JBased on preliminary 1950 pop'ula.tion. figures . natural- gasj coal, glass sand, and liriie- • . • \ ''•/--.-•' : ;'•. ^ s;t6ne. : • • \, , . LEGtSLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES The leading manufacturers are wood *' ' Legislative Council products, including paper and furniture, . HERR'N NoRTHCUTT, Director processed, foods, shoe's, clocks, cafts, glass, -and pottery.. ;v Arkansas History Commission • Hot Springs National Park in the Oua D.\LLAS T. HERNDON, Executive Secretary chita Mountains includes a famous medi . JThe Arkansas' Legislative Council, cre cinal spa owned and operated by* the gov- ated in^l947, is" composed of twenty-three . ' .ernment. Streams ahd lakes of the moun- rriembers, including seven Senators, thir • tain area provide all-year fishing, and teen Representatives, the LieutenantGov- there is an abundance, of ducks and deer ernor, Speaker of the House, and a Legis for seasonal hunting. lator representing- the GoVernor. The Arkansas was visited in 1541 by .the Council maintains a reference, library, does , Spanish explorer De Soto, and more than " bill drafting, and, cSrries on a research : 100 years later, in 1673, by Marquette aod prbgrahi which includesinquiry .into the '.. Jblietj followed by La Salle. Part of the •State's financial affairs. The Arkansas His- Spanish possessions in the Ne\y World, , tory)i> Commission also maintains a refer- later ceded to France, it became a^pkrt of ence lilprary.and uq^dertakes spot research , the United States in 1803 by virtue of the - problems for ihembers of the Legislature. t 476 > V •1* ARKANSAS ' All. • OFFICERS governor. .•.',,...... SID MCMATH Lieutenant Governor. NATHAN GORDON Secretary of State. .:, .'...; G. G. HALL Attorney General...... -.. IKE MURRY State Treasurer... .J. VANCE CLAYTON ,, State Auditor..; .J. OstjiAR HUMPHREY State Comptroller,.... .L; R. BEASLEY , ARKANSAS SUPREME. COURT Chief Justice GRIBFIN SMITH : Six Associaite Judges " • Term .,. Eight years • . Elected by popular vote HON. L. VVEEMS TRUMELL .-. JGOVERNOR Chairman of the. Commusion on SID MCMATH ," iDterstatc. Cooperation J ^LEGISLATURE \ President of the Senate.... NATHAN GORDON Secretary of the- Senate ...... JIMSNODDY President Pro Tern : ' Speaker of the House...... JAMES R. CAMPBELL of the Senate. ..;...... ELLIS M. FAOAN. Clerk of the^House.....-. .TED MCCASTLAIN Senators Representatives Terrh • ^ Regular Session , D...... 35 V P ; . .,,,,98 Senate. .4 years Second Monday in. January^ biennially 4n Total. .35 ...... 2 House, i .2 years odd years.. Lpngth: 60 days. Total. ....10,0 , LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL .^'- •\ • * (Functions aS'Gommittee on Interstate-Cooperadon) Senate Members - , • House Members L. WEEMS'TRUSSELIL, CAairman .TOM ALLEN JOEL Y.LEDBETTER J. LEE BEARDEN - L. H, AtJTRY* ; ! fLOYD LEE J. ORVILLE CHENEY . ^ , J^MES,R. CAMPBELL _; IRA LONG NATHAN GORDON - HARRXB. GOLAY WILLIAM I. PURIFOY GUY Hr JONES • JOHN E. COWNE, JR. . 'CLIFTON WADE WiNFRED LAKE , ' EUGENE C. FLEEMAN . . W, L.WARD ERNEST NICHOLSON '. JOE BILL HACKLER j; A. WOMACK A. M. SHIREY, JR. ROBERT HARVEY - - .. Ex-officio Honorary Merhbers: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF. SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE " ADMINISTRATIVE. OFFICERS Adjutant General...... JOHN B.'MORRIS, JR. Library (State). ! ...... MRS. FRANCIS P. "NEAL Advertising...... '...... GENE NEWSOM Liquor-Control.", GEORGE L. CALLAHAN Banking. . ,•.. ED. I. MCKINLEY, JR. Mental Health.... .CLEVE C. ODOM, M.D. Budget...... L^R. BEASLEY Mines...... J. W. FITZJARRELL Conservation...... WAYNEMC. FLETCHER Motor Vehicles...... W. H. L. WOODYARD Corporations....'...... LC. G.HALL Oil and Gas •. . . . .P.'M. MCLAUGHLIN Corrections...... ,.. .. .LEE HENSLEY Old Age Assistance...... M. C. CRITTENIJEN (r -'^ Education , ,> . .\ ...... A. B, BONDS, JR. Parks.. .,. . .:: ...... BRYAN STEARN^.:. Employment oeiVice...'...... CHARLES KIRBY Parole...... ;. . ..."...:.... W. P. BALL Finance ... .• '...... F.-A. STOREY, JH. Police. :...,...... HERMAI>; F, LINDSEY Fire Marshal, s...... ''... BERNARD J. REED Printing. .,.....;...... BRYANT WILDER Fish and Ganac...... : T. A. MCAMIS Public Assistance... MARVIN C. CRITTENDEN Forestry ,...... FRED H. LANG Public Utilities and.Railroads. . . . .SCOTT»WOOD Geology. ...; NORMAN WILLIAMS Purchasing; ...... r . .CARI: F^ PARKER Health,.,...... : .J. T. HERRON, M.D.*^ Securities...... \. . .JOHN L, CARTER. Highways....'...... ; . .J. C. BAKBR Taxation...... '..! ...... DEAN MORLEY Insurance ...,;.. . .J. HERBERT GRAVES Unemployment Insurance HOMER M. ADKINS WM, G. SNOTH Labor...... ,.. ...C. K. CALL Veterans,....,.... •. <:• Library (Archives)...... DALL.'IS T. HERNDON Welfare...... MRS. HENRY BETHEL ,Library (Law)...... , .JOHN CALDWELL Workmen's Compensation.....;... .DAVE PEEL i\ > 7 •.-. CALIFORNIA Nickname...... wThe Golden'State Bird;...... California Valley Quail.. •r . , i Motto. . J Eureka {I Haye Found-It) Song... .\-... ,1 Love .You, California Flo\N{er...... J..... Golden Poppy Entered theUnionSeptember9,1850'. • O, • • ; : Capital City...... V.. .Sacramento ." Califorhia, largest of the Pacific coast tory—the gold rush of 1849.- California 'States, is ti-aversed 6y two great mountain was admitted to the Union in 1850. . chains, the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Range, separated by a wide valley. Ex > STATISTICS ^ >^x- tremes of altitude vary from 14j495 fdet (Mt. Whitney, Highest'point in the United .Area (square miles). .-...... J56,740 V / States, excluding Alaska) to 280 feet below Rank in Nation...... "...... 2hd "'•"•-•: : -. :•••:] ^ , -.: • •;• •:'---.478 .. • " '•••.•.'• • "• ' CALTFORJYIA 479 : . OFFICERS • Governor. . . : ... .EARL WARREN Lieutenant Governor ,, ... GOODWIN J. KNIGHT Secretary of Siate.. .FRANK M. JORDAN Attorney General. . EDMUND G. BROWN State Treasurer. . CHARLES G'. JOHNSON State Ciontroller. .".THOMAS H. KUCHEL State Auditor, sa . ..'. ERIC MCLACHLAN CALIFORNIA . .t ./SUPREME; COURT Chief Justice". . .*. '...... PHIL. S^ GIBSON ' Six Afsociatje'Justices V • Term! ^...... ,....".... Twelve years Elected. . . HON. GOODWIN J. KNIGHT GOVERNOR Chairman of the Conmiissioa on EARI WARREN ., . Interstate Coopcrltibn • / LEGISLATURE - President of the Senate.. . .GOODWIN J. KNIGHT' Speaker of the Assembly... . . -. SAM L. COLLINS President Pro Tem Speaker Pyo Tem ' of thcvSenate...... HAROLD J. POWERS 6f the Assembly^...... : .THOMAS A. MALONEY Secretary of the Senate JOSEPH A. BEEK, Clerk of the Assembly...... ARTHUR A. OrfNiMUS Senators Assemblymen ' . .ft^TtTTO. Sessions D;. ..'...... 13 D..; ....:;.33 Senate. .4 years General Session, fifSt-^Monday after first R...... 27 •R.....;,„..47 Assembly 2 years day in January, biennially in odd years. Total... ..-..40 Total. ..:...80 Length: 120 calendar days. Budget Session, first Monday in Nlarch in even numbered years. Length: 30 calendai' days. \ COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION' Adniinistrative Members ; Senate Members. - • Assembly Members" GOODWIN J. KNIGHT,- CHARLES BROWN GEORGE A. CLARK Chairman ^• RANDOLPH COLLIER CLAYTON A. DILLS . JAMES S. DEAN R.'R. GU.NNINGH'AM ' JOHN W. EVANS' ^ WARREN T. HANNUM JAMESJ. MCBRIDE RICHARD McCoLLisTER JESSE M. MAYO VINCENT* THOMAS •; Exroffiiio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR; CPM.MISSIONER ONUNIFOR M STATE LAWS, •, « ' ^ MARTIN. J. DINKELSPIEL • • E^ait^^Secretary: Vf. C. JACOBSEN ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General.. .;.;.. EARLE M. JONES Library (Law)...... •. HERBERT V. CLAYTON Aeronautics...... WARREN jp. CAREY : Liquor Control...... J. E. CLARK 1 % Agricuture...... A. A. BROCK Mental Healthr> .. FR.ANK F. TALLMAN, M.D. Banking. . •.,...... MAURICE'C. SPARLING Mines...... ;.. .. :..OLAF P. JENKINS Budget. . . ; . . . .T. H. MUGFORD- Motor Vehicles.. ... A. H. HENDERSPN Civil Defense...... ^.....:. W. M. .ROBERTSON Parks ...... NEWTON B. DRURV? Conservation .WARREN T. HANNUM Parole. .;...... ;...... ; .'. . . .FRED FINSLEY Corporations....:. .\...... '. E. M. DAUGHERTY Personnel...... JOHN FV FISHER Corrections...:...... :!.... RICHARD A. MCGEE Police...... '...... CLIFFORD E. PETERSON Education...... ,..':...... ROY E. SIMPSON Printing.'. PAUL E. GALLAGHER". Employment Service.. . D. H. RONEY Public.Utilities and Railroads.Ri E. MITTELSTAEDT Finance...... , .'... ..•. JAMES S. DEAIJJ Public Works ...... :....,. : FRANK"B. DURKEE Fire Marshal ; .. .JOE R. YOCKERS Purchasing...... ;.'...... ,L. E. HOBART Fish ahd Game.. .;...... ;..E. L. MACAULAY Securitiies .EDWI.M M/.DAUGJHERTY Foresiiy ...... DEWITT NELSON Taxation...... * .JOHN J. CAMPBELL Health:.,...,... .-WILTON L.^WALVERSON, M.D. Unemployment Insurance...... C. A. HERBAGE Highways; V...'..; ....;... .GEORGE T. MCCOY Veterans...... D. J. CALLAGHAN, JR. Insuraiice,...... !.....]. R. MALONEY -Water Resourqes."...... :-.... .A. D. EDMONSTON Labor...'...... JOHN F. DALTON Welfare...... CHAS. L SCHOTTLAND Library (Archives)...'"...... CAROLINE WENZEL Workmen's dompensatioii. .. .DAN MURPHYJ^R.^ •''.''. Nickname.,. .The Centennial State Bird...... , ...Lark Bunting Motto.;.....;... .jYil Sine Niimine ''•'• Song. .Where the Columbines Groiv (Nothing Without the JDcity) « Entered the Union.. August 1, 1876 Floi^er.Rocky Mountain Columbine . ' • Capital City.... Denver .-• 05- • , > ,,,jf) The central .'lud western part gf Colorado missionaries and f\lr tra;ders and the" expcr is rugged ^nd moimtainous. The .eastern' ditions of Pike and Long. Colorado was third.of the State is Jevel farming country. admitted to the Union in 1876. The altitude ranges from 14,431 feet (Mt. ^. Elbert) to 3,400 feet in the Arkansas River . V STATIsiieS , valley near the eastern border. The Colo- Area (square miles)...... i'.. . ..103,922, '• - rado River with its tributaries drains most . Rank in;Nation ...... » . .;:^:.7th •i . of the area west, of the Continental-pi vide, Population (1.950)...... I...... , l.,325i689 while the Platte, the Arkansas, and the Rio Rank in Nation (1950).. 1 ...... 34t K Grande.drain the eastern portion of the Density pet^uare mile (1950)-...... :v.12.8 '•• State. ."•';.• Number of Representatives in Congress. ;.4' ' Total farm acreage is 36,217,808, much Fiscal Year'l950 (ended Jane 30, 1950): of it grazing land. In 1946 crops were • . General Revenue.... '...... S138,71-7,6oOt.. valued at 5167,000,000; livestock. S222,- General E^tpcnditures...... •. . j. s'l 39,416,000 \ ' 177,000. The principal crops are sugar State University.^...... Univ^ersity of,Ck)loradof ' beets, wheat, alfalfa, oats, barley, and Site...... Boiildcr , fruit. Much of Colorado's wealth comes Capital City...... '..,...... ;..., . .Denver . " from its rich mines:.,,gold, silver, copper, Population (1950) ,...... , :. 412,856t lead, zinc, uranium, and molybdenum. Rank in^ State .....'. .,..lst$ The value of mai^ufactured products for Largest Qty..:...... v... DcnvcrJ 1946 was $665inillion, principal output Population (1950).,...:., .... 4i2,856't being steel rails,, beet sugar, canned foods, Number of Cities over 10,000 Population •lOJ explosives, and fertilizers. The tourist Number of Counties. .\ . .6? business is one of the most productive in dustries in the State. '. -. •As 'ail6cat •':"•.•'•• ••••^-',.. •.••'. •;-•:* -480 ,•• • '.: . . ;: ••• .•• •• . • \ COLORADO 481 ••••••- • . ^. , OFFICERS ' • Governor....-,...... DAN THORNTON ft ,Lieutenant Governor ..,...?...... GORDON ALLOTT Secretary of State ^. . GEORGE J. BAKER Attorney ^General. . . DUKE W. DUNBAR \ ^ate Treasurer...... EARL W.^^NVING \ State Auditor HOMER F. BEDFORD . \ • ••V State Controller... . .JAMES A. NOONAN COLORADO ^^^^^. SUPREME COURT Chief Justice...... WILLIAM S. JACKSON • Six Associate Judges Term Ten years ^ Elected by popular vote ' HON. VERNON A. CHEEVBR GOVERNOR Chairroan of the Commission on DAN THORNTON , . Intbrstate Cooperation ••- •• •-•. . V; ... v.. .'. •.• . • ' LEGISLATURE . . President oif the Senate, ^.. GORDON ALIJOTT , President Pro Tern Speaker of the House .DAVID A. HAMIL of the'Senate .DON COLUNS J^ Clerk of the House. • • (Vacancy) Secretary of the Senate.. ..MILDRED CRESSWELL •• •' ' . '' Senators ', .^ Representatives Ternn . Regular Session D. . . l5 D. . 18 Senate. ^4 years First Wednesday in January, biennially in R 20/ .R...... 47 House.. .2 years odd years. Length: no constitutional limit. Total... 35„ Total; 65 ^ ." , : COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members - House Members F. Ross BROWN, Secy. ^ VERNON A. GHEEVER, W. J. BROWN DUKE W. DUNBAR Chairmart CLEM CROWLEY, JAMES A. NOONAN BEN BEZOFF OAKLEY WADE W. M. WILLIAMS DONALD P. DUNKLEE ARLIE M. WARD E. L HERRING WILL F. NICHOLSON Ex-ojicio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOIJSE ' ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General IRVING O. SCHAEFER Liquor Control. GEO. J. BAKER Advertising...... ". LEWIS R. COBB Mines WALTER E. SCOTT, JR. Agriculture. ;...... PAUL SWISHER Motor Vehicles...... AVERILL C. JOHNSON Banking .. .FRANK E. GOLDY Oil and Gas .J. E. CRONIN ^ Budget. E. G. SPURLIN Parks HAROLD F. C6LLINS Civj^Defense .HENRY L. LARSEN l*arole WAYNE PATTERSON Conservation...... ;...... C. H. STONE Personnel. WM. R. WELSH, JR. Corporations....' GEORGE J. BAKER Planning and Development'..; .W. M. WILLIAMS Education J. BURTON VASCHE Police...... GILBERT R. CARREL Employment Service...... BERNARD E. TEETS Printing...... S. L. BEHYMER' Fish and Game.....;. . G. N. FEAST PublicUtilitiesand Railroads.JOSEPH W. HAWLEY Food and Drugs...... R. L. CLEERE, M.D. Public Works...... ^,, .W.M..WILLIAMS Forestry. ..;...... EVERETT J. LEE Purchasing.;. . ...;...... LEON E. LAVINGTON Health.. ;R. L. CLEERE, M;D. Securitj^. .' '.... CURTIS WnrrE Highways....'.'...... '. MARK U. WATROUS Taxation, AVERILI p. JOHNSON Insurance.....,;...... LUKE J. KAVANAUOH Unemployment insurance... .BERNARD E. TEETS Labor RAY BRANNAMAN Veterans. .WM. N. RICE Library (ArchiveaO ...... LEROY R. HAFEN Water Resources CLIFFORD STONE Library (Law)'. , FLOYD MILES Welfare ..•«.•..!..."...; EARL M.. KOUNS Library (State) GORDON L. BENNETT • Workmen's Compensation....RAY BRANNAMANN CONNECTICUT Nickname.. .The Consti-tution State Flower...... Mountain Laurel - •^ •••..•' • •••'•' '\ Mqfto '. Qui Transtulil Suslinei Bird .....'. .Robin (He Who Transplanted •< , , n' • T i^ ..-,nA Continues to Sustain) Entered the Union January 9,. 1788 Capital City.... Hartford Connecticut^ a New England State, bor- , STATISTICS • dering on Long Island Sound, has a broad Area (square miles). ..\...... ,; , .4,899 central valley and a wide coastal plain, Rank in Nation 46tli .with upland areas oh both east, and west. Population (1950) 2,007,280 Altitudes range from 2,353 feet to sea level. Rank in Nation (1950)..^ . . ... ,. 28th Bensity per squarc»«mile (11950) V...... 409.7 The largest rivers are the Thames, the Number of Representatives in Congress. . . . . ;6* Connecticut, and the Housatonic. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): The economy of the State is primarily General Revenue SI50,142,0001 industrial and commercial. Almost 300,000 General Expenditures SJ70,263,0001 State University.. .University of Connecticut of its people .are employed in manufac- Site i ;...... Storrs ^ turing, more than 100,000 in trade, more Capital City ;...... Hartford than 50,000 in professions, and about Population (1950) ..,....:: .177,073 J 27^000 in farming. The home offices of Rank in State. . , . . .Istj many leading insurance companies are lo Largest City. Hartford} Population (1950)...... : .177,073} cated in the State. Important manufac- Number of Cities and Towns over 10,000 ture$'"^include liats, hardware, firearms, Population , . 43 }§ cloC:£s, watches, silverware, and machinery. Number of Counties. .8 Outstanding farm products are dairy, poul •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ' try, ^tobacco, fruit, and truck crops, with fU. S. Bureau of Census report {Based on preli.ninary 1950 population figures 452,850 acres under cultivation. Mineral |lnclude».23 towns over 10,000 population; excludes the 20 towns that arc coterminous with or overlie the 20 cities over resources include granite, sandstone, and 10,000 population lime.. Connecticut was one of the early centers of manufacturing. Iron products, nails, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES and tinware were made early in the eight Legislative Council , eenth century, and Connecticut clocks and .HENRY H.HUNT, Director,; watches have been famous since the time Legislative Reference Department, of Eli Terry (1772-1859) and his succes State Library . sor, Seth Thomas. As early as 1732 Eng- lish hatters were distressed by the competi MURIEL .A. N.\YfcOR, Chief tion offered them by hats made in Connec '. . Legislative Research Department : ticut. ELMER VV. RYAN, Legislative CommissiorTer Connecticut is part-of the vacation area The ^Legislative Council, established in of New England. Its picturesque villages, 1937, carries on reseJirch and submits a mountains, and seaside resorts are continu legislative program"itOiithe Legislature. The ous tourist attractions. More than half of Legislative Reference Department of the the entire area is in hardwood forests, State Library, maintains an extensive r(?fer- •The first settlement vyas made in 1633 ence library for the Legislature. The Legis by the Dutch from New Netherlands, and lative Research De|53Jrtrhent, created, in English colonists from Massachusetts fpl 1947, is headed by a Legislative Gommis- low£d, attracted by .accounts of the fertility sioner appointed by the Legislature and of tke Connecticut valley. Connecticut gives advisory services to Legislators, was one of the original thirteen States of drafts bills,»iand prepares cumulative sup- the Union. plements to the General Statutes. • '-'•"" •.•482 . . -,.•_•: ^:: ':• :. • \ CONNECTICUT 483 . OFFICERS Governor. JOHN LODGE Lieutenant Governor :...... EDWARD N. ALLEN Secretary of State... ALICE K. LEOPOLD Attorney General GEORGE C. CONWAY State Treasurer. . . .JOSEPH A. ADORNO State Comptroller. .; .FRED R, ZELLER htat«:,.,»e .A'\uditor A-^ s . i(RAYMON r ' rD> LT- WLANGLE Y (JOSEPH B. DOWNES CONNECTICUT SUPREME COURT OF ERRORS Chief Justice. . ALLYNL. BROWN . Four Associate Justices, Term ?"....."...... Eight years HON, RICHARD MARTIN GOVERNOR Appointed by the General /\ssembly on Chairman of the Commissiorf on JOHN LODGE nomination by the Governor intergovernmental Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. . EDWARD N. .^LLEN Presidefit Pro Tern ' Speaker of the House.... MANSFIELD D. SPRAGUE of the Senate. .,' .WILLIAM P. BARBER Clerk of the House...... ,. . T. WARD CLEARY Clerk of the Senate JAMES P. GEELAN Senators Representatives Terrli Regular Session D. .'...... 19 E>. . .'.87 Senate. .2 years Wednesday after first Monday in January, R. ...;.,.'. .17 R. 190 House... 2 years biennially in odd years. Length: until Total. ....'.:36 Total...... 277 Wednesday after first Monday in June. - ' ' * COMMISSfON ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION'•• \ Administrative Members Senate Members House Members .~ RICHARD MARTIN, C/^afmian ANTHONY S. AVALLONE JAMES H. GOULD ' . Jos. B. DOWNES, Vice-chmn. MILTON J. HERMAN .MRS. CLARA M. LEWIS " . GEORGE C. CONWAY CHAS. MCKEW PARR. MRS. EDNA B. SHARPE- RALPH G. MACY MARTIN F. SULLIVAN ALFRED A. TOSCANO ROBERT H. WEIR ELMER S. WATSON MRS. LUCIE WRYNN Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE .• Z)/Vtfdor; JUDGE HENRY H. HUNT . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General. FREDERICK G. REINCKE Library (Archives) MARY E. SMITH • Advertising. .SIDNEY A. EDWARDS Library (Law)...... VIRGINIA A. KNOX Aeronautics.;. .KENNETH RINGROSE Library (State) JAMES BREWSTER Agriculture. . .JOHN CHRISTENSEN Liquor Control JOHN C. KELLY Banking...... ; LYNWOOD ELMORE Mental Health. . •. .ELIAS J. MARSH, M.D. Budget...... ROBERT H. WEIR Motor Vehicles CHAS. F. KELLEY G:vil Defense; BRIG. GEN. WM. HESKETH Parks. ELLIOFT P. BRONSON Corporations. ALICE K. LEOPOLD Parole RALPH H. WALKER Corrections. ;. . . . WM. D. BARNES Personnel. .GLENDON A. SCOBO'RIA Education. . FINIS E. ENGLEMAN Planning, and Development. .SID.NEY A. EDWARDS Employment Service...... THOMAS L SHEA Police EDWARD J. HICKEY Finance. FRANK M. LYNCH Printing and Purchasing. C. L. M.AGNUSON Fire Warden...... EDWARD J. HICKEY Public Assistance...... !. .EDWARD H. REEVES. Fish and Game. RUSSELL P. HUNTER Public Util. and Railroads.. .EUGENE S. LOUGHLIN Fc>iqd and"Drugs..: .THEODORE J. RICHARD Securities..., .MELVIN O. HALL Forestry...... '.... .W. FOSTER SCHREEDER Taxation WM. F. CONNELLY Health. STANLEY H. OSBORN, M.D, Unemployment Insurance.'-.'. . .JAMES J. GRAHAM - Highways G. ALBERT HI^L^ Water^Resources, . .RICHARD MARTIN Insurance...... i W. ELLERY ALLEN' Welfare ; '.". ROBERT J.-SMITH Labor/I, ...... 1...... JOHN J. EGAN Workmen's Compensation..'... .LEO J. NOONAN \ •i f?s. Nickname..., .The Diamond Stat6 . Bird...,.;. .; .Blue HenCiiicken Motto...... Liberty and Independence Song. .>.."...... Our Delaware^ Flower...... Peach Blossom Entered ihe Union December 7,1787 '.-••• • . »~^ 5 • ,;•'•-. , .„ Capital City. Dover Delaware is bordered by the Atlantic English • possessions in the New World. coastal plain, from which it slopes north Delaware joined the Union as one of the and west to a rdllirig, hilly country. The thirteen original States. seaboard region is low-lying and marshy, with an abundance of fresh-water lakes. STATISTICS • The Delaware River, the largest stream, Area (square miles) r .\ .... 1,987 has ji broad estuary, Delaware Bay, from Rank in Nation •47th which come most of the oysters and clams Population (1950) •... .-318,085 for which the State is famous. Delaware Rank, in Nation (1950).,. .46th River has been a shipbuilding center since Density per siquare mile (1950)...... 160.8 Colonial times. Number of Representatives in Congress...... 1 * Wilmington, largest city in the State and Fiscal tear 1950 (ended June 30, 1950) : its chief port, is headquarters of a vast General Revenue..: .$34,018,000f chemical manufacturing industry, with ani General Expenditures .$42,172,000t line dyes and nylon material among the State University...... ^University of Delaware foremost products. Eighty-six per cent of Site ...... : .Newark all manufactures and 76 per cent of all in Capital,Gity. .. .Dover dustrial wage earners are located in the Population (1950)...... !...;...'. 6,223 Wilmington area. The production of fab- Rank in State. ,\ 3rd ric^ated metal objects, the building and re Largest City. Wilmington pairing of railway cars, and the.assembling Populatioii (1950). , .110,356 ^ of automobiles are other large industries. Number of Cities over 10,000 Population...... 1 The State is a center of truck farming Number of Counties..-...... ;...... ,.., .3 , and!^is famous for its broilers, which ac *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures count for 60 per cent of farm income (ap fU. S. Bureau of Census rep)orf proximately $87 million in 1947). Good LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY marketing facilities are-afforded,by the close proximity of eastern urban centers Legislative Reference Bureau and, expellent transportation. ROBERT W. TUNNELL, Executive Director Bathing, fishing, and boating are pro The Bureau, composed of the.Governor, vided in abundance by the oceans bays, the President Pro Tem of the.Senate, and and inland streams, and lakes. Fine exam the Sp.eaker of the House of Representa ples of early Colonial architecture are to be tives) engages in bill "drafting, in research found throughout the State:" with respect to the subject matter of pro Delaware Bay was first explored in 1609 posed legislation, recommends such re i - by Henry Hudson, in command of a ship vision of legislation as may be considered owned by the Dutch East India Company, necessary, and functions as a reference and for a number of years the region was bureau for all matters pertaining to legis alternately a Dutch then a Swedish de lative subjects whether enacted by Del pendency. In 1674 it was united with the aware or other States. \ 484 DELAWARE 485 OFFICERS Governor .ELBERT N. CARVEL Lieutenant Goyernpi;" . .ALEXIS DUPONT BAYARD Secretary of State . "' '. HARRIS B. MCDOWELL, JR. Attorney General.. .H. ALBERT YOUNG State Treasurer. . .R.ALPH WI EMERSON State Auditor. , v-. .. . G. D. EN.TERLINE ' DELAWARE SUPREME COURT . Chancellor .*. .DANIEL F. WOLCOTT Chief Justice ....;... CLARENCE F. SOUTHERLAND Four Associate Justices' Terra Twelve years HON. CLAYTON M. HOFF . GOVKRNOR Appointed by Governor with advice and Chairman of the Commission on ELBXRT H. CARVXI. consent of Senate I'nterstate Cooperation . LEGISLATURE ' .; President of the Senate...... ALEXIS DUPONT BAYARD " President Pro Tern Speaker of the House...... HARVEY H. LAVVSON of the Senate .R. ALLEN GANNON Clerk of the House .GEORGE T. BIERUN Secretary of the Senate ... WILLARD BOYCE Seniators Representatives Term . Regular Session . D...... ;... .9 D.\ ...... 16 Senate. .4 years First Tuesday in January, biennially in odd R. 8 R.-. .. ..19 Houser. .2 years years. Length: 60 days. Total...... 17 Total.. 35 ... ' • COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members CLAYTON M. HOFF, Chairman ERNEST B.: BENOER ALLEN J. COOK RAYMOND B. PHILLIPS, ^S^y". WILLIAM O. CUBBAGE F.ALBERT JONES JOHN M.. CONWAY CURTIS W. STEEN, . ' T. HAROLD PALIIER Associate Members at Large: THE GOVERNOR, SECRETARY OF STATE, ATTORNEY GENERAL Sb ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... JOSEPH J. SCANNELL Library (Archives) .LEON DE VAUNGER Aeronautics STEWART E. POOLE Library (Law) .MRS. ANNA H. FOX Agriculture. CHAS. F. MUNDY Library (State)...... MRS^ BERNICE HAMMOND Banking RANDOLPH HUGHES Liquor Control.. ...y/. • .EDGAR S. STAYER Blind Welfare...... FRANCES J. CUMMII^OS . Mental Health M: A. TARUMIANZ, M.D. Budget. .E. H. DAVIS Mdtor Vehicles HAROLD H. KELLER Civil Defense ...... MAJ. D. PRESTON LEE Old Age Assistance G. J, PRICKETT, M.D. Corporations...... HARRIS B. MCDOWELL, JR. Parks. ; JOHN C. HAZZARD Education...... GEO. R. MILLER, JR. Parole...-. . .PERCIVAL ROBERTS Education (Vocatibnal) .R. W. HEIM Police...... " .HARRY S. SHEW Fish and Game...... THOS. M. STAYTON Public Utilities and Railroads.W- RODNEY PRICE Food and Drugs . .H. C. ZEISIG Sanitation. DONALD K. HARMESON Forestry. ...W. S. TABER Soil Conservation...... GEO. L. SCHUSTER Health. .FLOYD L HxnjsoN, M.D. Taxation,..-, .HOWARD S. ABBOTT Highways J. GORDON SMITH Unemployment Insurance. ALBERT STETSER Insurance WM. R. MURPHY Water Pollution Control. .DONALD. K. HARMESON Labor .- ...... W. KIRK SIMMONS Welfare. K. C. LAMBERT - f FLORmA V .^\" Nickname. • The Peninsula State Bird. .. .Mockingbird Motto... . ; . . .In God We Trust Soqg.'^..' The Swanee River- Flower... . Orange Blossom Entered the Union.. MarcFTS, 1845 Capital City...... '.. .Tallahassee "\ Florida, in shape^a peninsula, and form STATISTICS ing the southeastern corner of the United Area (square miles) ...... •.'...• 54,262 States, is one of America's most popular Rank in Nation...... t^.^. . . 25th •playgrounds. Its subtropical coastline of- Population (1950).. .. , .• ,. ... ,'2,771,305 about 1,200 miles is almost an unbroken Rank iniNation (1950) •...... 20th series of winter resorts. A curving chain of Density per square mile (1950)...... 51.1 :m: islands terminating at Key West is con Number of Representatives in Congress...... 8* nected to the mainland by the largest oyer- Fiscal Year 1950 (endedjune 30, 1950): sea bridge in ;the world. General Revenue '. 8230,272,000 f Among popular tourist attractions are General Expenditures ..5252,481,500 the seven State parks; numerous fine natu State University. . . .-. . .Florida State University ral springs, among them Wakulla and Sil Site.....' Tallahassee ver. Springs; the Oceanarium, developed University of Florid^. Gainesville for marine studies near St. Augustine'; and Capital City. . . .• '.....,.. :Tallahassee a famous bird sanctuary, Bok Tower. Population (1950) 727,158 { The State is low-lying, the highest ele- Rank in State .12tht varion being 325 feet. A swampy forested Largest City. Miami{ area, the Everglades, lies in the south. The Population (1950). ,. 246,983 J central area pontains numerous lakes and Number of Cities over 10,000. Population... .281 limestone subterranean strearhs and Number of Counties • 67 springs. The' inland sandy stretches of the northern half of the State, form.a citrus *.\i allocated on bails of 1950 population figures fruitj sugar carie,'tobacco, and truck gar fU. S. Bureau of Census report " dening area of great econorfiic importance. JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures Total value of farm products was over S400 million in 1949. Over 13 rtiillion acres of ^ Florida land are in farms. Food process LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES ing, sugar refining, shipbuilding and pro Legislative Council duction of cigai^, paper, and fertilizer are Legislative Reference Bureau leading manufactures." Principal mineral S. SHERMAN WEISS, Director resources include phosphate, fuller's earth, Statutory Revision and Bill-Drafting stone, lime, clays, an^ sand. Departments, Office of Attorney. General Florida was discovered in 1513 by Ponce CHARLES T. HENDERSON, Director de Leon in his search for a fountain of .The Legislative Council and Legislative youth. St. Augusdne, oldest European Reference Bureau were created in'1949. settlement in the United States, was The eighteen-member Council supervises founded in 1565. During the next 200. the activities of the Bureau, which include years Florida was explored by Spanish, . an extensive research prograrri, reference, French, and English, among the latter Sir and preparation of legislative summaries of Francis Drake, In 1763 it was ceded to sessions. The Statutory Revision and Bill- England, in 1783 from England to Spain, Drafting Departments draft a majority of and in 1821 from Spain to the United States. bills introduced and engage in continuous In 1845 it joined the Union. revision of the Florida statutes. ' 486 FLORIDA 487. • • OFFICERS • Governor; . . , ...... PULLER WARREN Lieutenant Governor '...... None ; Scfcretary of State..... V. R. A. GRAY Attorney General.. RICHARD W. ERVIN State Treasurer .J.' EDWIN- LARSON State Auditor. .. . : . .'. .BRYAN WILLIS Statd Comptroller...... -. . C. M. GAY ' SUPRjEME COURT Chief justice...... -...... *\LTO ADAMS Six .Associate Justices Term. . . , ...... Six years . Elected by popular vote HON. CHARLES L. CLARK ••• GOVERNOR ;. Chairman of the Commission ,011. v.- FULLER WARREN - .. ' Interstate Cooperation ' • . . LEGISLATURE . ^ President of the Senate .WALLACE E. STURGIS President Pro Tem ' Speaker of the House...... 1. . .B. ELLIOTT of the Senate. .OLIN G. SHIVERS Clerk of the House...... MRS. LAMAR BLEDSOE Secretary of the Senate...... ROBERT W. D.AVis • ^ ._—_• Senators Representatives, Term Regular Session D; .38 D...... 92 Senate. .4 years . Tuesday after first Monday in.April, bien- Tbtal...... 38 R. . . 3.- House.. .2 years nially in odd years. Length: 60 days. - . ', 'C ;,• Total. : . . .;.95 • , "' • COMMISSiON ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION . Administrative Members Senate Members House Members. CHARLES L. CLARK, Chairman * J; EDWIN BAKER . CHARLES O. ANDREWS, JR. y RAYMOND E. BARNES W.ALLACE S. STURGIS THOMAS L. BEASLEY RICHARD W. ERVIN ' \ GEORGE S. OKELL R. A.-GRAY-, ; 'V. JAMES T. LANDON \ '^ <.~^ .ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... MARK W. LANCE Labor RAYMOND E. BARNES Advertising (Acting)...... BEVERLY GRIZZARD Library (.Archives) (.Acting) DOROTHY DODD Aeronautics .WALDRON F. SCHANZ Librarjr-(La\v)...... GUYTE P. MCCORD Agriculture .x...; NATHAN MAYO Library (State) (Acting) DOROTHY DODD Banking. ,. C. M. GAY Liquor Control •.... .LEWIS SCHOTT Budget...... HOMER G. GRAHAI^. Mental Health...... W; D. ROGERS, M:D. Civil Defense ..:... .COL. R. G. IIOV/IE Motor Vehicles. .\ .ARCH LIVINGSTON Conservation...... ;... GEORGE VATHIS Oil and Gas. .; . .R. A. GRAY Corporations...... 1,...... R. A. GRAY Parks ....,..: LEWIS G. SCOGGIN Corrections. .L."E. CH.AP.MAN Parole...... : .Jos. Y. CHENEY Education...... THOMAS D. BAILEY . Planning and Development .. WALTER E. KEYES Employmefit Security. . ... PONS A. HATHAWAY Police .,•...... H. N. KiRKM.AN Finance, .....*...... ;,. C. M. GAY Public Assistance .SHERWOOD H. SMITH Fire Marshal. •. .J. EDWIN LARSON Public.Utilities ana Railroads.RICHARD A. MACK Fish and Game...... -..:... : .BEN MCLAUGHLIN Public Works..;..,...... VVALTER E. KEVES Food and Drugs NATHAN M.AYO Securities...... J. EDWIN LARSON Forestry...... ,...;...... G, H. COULTER Unemployment Ijisurance. WM. U. NORWOOD, JR. Geology...... HERMAN GUNTER Veterans ...... ,. MELVIN\T. DIXON Health; .WILSON T. SOWDER Water Resources... ;... A. G. MATTHEWS Highways ALFRED A. MCKETHAN Welfare ;....-...... SHERWOOD H. SMITH Insurance .J. EDWIN LARSON . Workmen's Compensation.. .RODNEY DURRANCE" / GEORGIA Nickname. . >... The Cracker State Bird (unofficial). .; Brown Thrasher ''/ ' Moito Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation • Song...... Georgia Flower.,. . ... ^.Cherokee Rose. Enured the Union januacy Z, 1788 Capital City ...... Atlanta 's' Georgia, the "Cracker State," lies in the -STATISTICS cotton belt. 'The southeastern half is part of Area (square miles).. • .-58,483 the Atlantic coastal plain, and the northern , Rank in Nation. .,i. .20th and western sections are rolling and moun •Population (1950)...... • ! 3,444,578 tainous. Altitudes vary from sea level to , Rank in Nation (1950). 13th 4,768 feet. Principal rivers are the Apalach-' ' Density pci: square^mile (1950). ..;...... 58.9 icola, the Altamaha, and the Savannah, and Number of Representatives in Congress. :, .10* their tributaries. The, Suwannee and the . Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Chattahoochee are famous in song and story. • General Revenue.^...... z,..$201,589,000f Genq-al Expenditures .«. .. .$204,047,000.} The State is both agricultural and manu State University...... University of.Geoipgik facturing. Total value of farm products Site...... ,.: .L ....:... :.:..'...... Athens for 1950 was over S529 million and of man Capital City ...... ;. Atlanta. ufactured products approximately SI bil- Population (1950) ... .327,090 J : •lion. Principal crops, in addition to cot Rank in State...... ^.:.., ^.... .1st j ton, are peaches, tobacco, pecans, and Largest City. ..Atlanta peanuts. There has been extensive indus Population (1950)... ; ...... 327,090 J trial development in the State in recent Number of Cities over 10,000 Populatioh.. . .23} years, particularly in textiles,* garments, Number' of Counties.. .rr. >. 159 flour mills, steel arid iron works, furniture *.Ai allocated on basis of 1950 population figures, fU. S.. Bureau of Census report factories, chemicals, tile and pottery works JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures and canning. The main source of lumber is pine, which also produces resin and tur LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES pentine. Georgia is the largest producer of kaolin and china clay;, other important J State Library . mineral resources include marble, barite, ELLA M.\Y THORNTON, Librarian granite, limestone, ceii^ent, bauxite, and- Bill Drafting Unit- fuller's earth. Office of Attorney General FRANK H. EDWARDS, Deputy Director A widely known sanitarium for the treat ment of infantile paralysis is located at. Information is compiled for the use of Warm Springs. The Bliie Ridge Moun Legislators and the general public. Re tains and the coastal islands are outstand search is conducted and legislation, is sum ing vacation resorts. The State contains = marized. The State Librarian issues at seven national jparks and twenty-two State unstated intervals, a periodical. The parks with an area of 36,500 acres. Georgia Commentary, with information on Georgia was visited by De Soto in 1540. public arid governmental affairs. A check King JGeorge" II granted lands in 1732 to list of current Georgia documents appears The Trustees for Establishing the Colony in each number. The Bill Drafting Unit of of Georgia. Settlers, under the leadership the Attorney General's Office was created of James Oglethorpe, constituted the first in 19^1 to perform bill drafting services for colony of white men in Georgia. the Legislature, the Governor, and agen It remained a bulwark against the cies of the State; to undertake and prepare French and Spanish until the Revolution research reports; and to provide informa ary War when it became one of the origi tion services for State and local officials and nal thirteen States that formed the Union. the public. 488 i» • GEORGIA 489 • OFFICERS * • • . * '• • ** Governor...! . . .!.,.HERMAN TALMADGE Lieutenant Governor ...... " .. . S. MARVIN GRIFFIN :. Secretary of State.BEN VV. FORTSO.V, JR. Attorney GencraL,. EUGENE CooK State Treasurer.. GEORGE B. HA-VIILTON Term ...... Six years Hon;..UEOROB L. SMITH, ir GOVERNOR Ekqted by popular vote Chairirian of the Commission HERMAN TALMADOE • on Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE . . President of the Senate...... S. MARVIN GRIFFIN \ President Pro Tern Speaker of thfe House...... :. .FRED HAND ... of the Senate SPENCE M. GRAYSON Clerk of the, House...'...... '.JOE BOONE Secretary of the'Senate. . .GEORGE D. STEVVART . Senators Representatives Term Regular Session '•' D...... 53 . D...... i204 SenaTe. . 2 years Second Monday in January, biennially in R, ...... /... .1 R...... 1 House!t^.2 years odd years. Length: 70 days.' Total. . M. Total, 205 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House MemberS^ EUGENE D. COOK JpHN P. DRINKARD GEO. L. SMITH, II, CAflirwjan ZACH D. CRAVEY " MARK DUNAHOO^ JOHN .C. LEWIS BEN W. FORTSON, JR. GL£N ELLARD J.. ROY MCCRACKEN ^ —. JAMES L.GiLLis > G. ELLIOTT^ HAG AN HOWARD OvERBY CHARLES D.REDWINE PEYTON S. HAWES JACK B. RAY MARVIN E. MOATE FRANK S.TwiTTY Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE, ^ , • ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General.;....,..: ERNEST VANDIVER Library (State and Law)..ELLA MAY THORNTON Aeronautics....;...... JAMES V; CARMICHAEL Liquor Control; .B. D. GILBERT Agriculture...... ;..;. ..*> .TOM LINDER Mental Healtli'! ...... ;,.. GRANT W. HUSBAND Banldng...... A. P. PERSONS Mines ...... ,.' GARLAND PEYTON Budget...... •....;....>.. .B. E. THRASHER, JR. Motor Vehicles W. L. BURCH Civil Defense. ERNEST VANDIVER Oil and Gas.... /...... JAMES DAMPIER. Commerce...... :...... ;... CLARK GAINES Parks... ,.;. .NEWTON MOVE Corporations ..°.... .LOUISE MCKINNEY Parole..;.'.; .EDWARD B. EVERETT Corrections. .s ...... R. E. WARREN Personnel...... ;.. EDWIN L. SWAIN Education... .M. D. COLLINS Police. .GEORGE D. WILSON .Employment Service. ,. .HOLT E. REGISTER Public Assistance ...... LUCILE WILSON Fish and Gariie. FULTON LOVELL Public Utilities and Railroads.M. L. MCWHORTER Food arid Drugs . ; . .P. D. HoRkAN • Purchasing,...... B. B. GEORGE Forestry GUYTON DE LOACH Securities. BEN VV, FORTSON/JR. Geology...... GARLAND PEYTON Taxation CHAS. D. REDWINE Health. T. F. SELLERS, M.D. Unemployment: Insurance... -'. OTIS L. HATHCOCK Highways ;.... .JAM^^J. GILLIS Veterans;....-...., ...... VVM. K. BARRETT • lasurance', HUBERT MCDONALD Water Pollution Control.. A W- H. WEIR Labor.(^. .BEN T. HUIET Welfa^-...... ALLAN KEMPER . Library (.Archives), , MRS. MARY G. BRYAN Workmen's Compensation... .ARLIE D. TuckER / IDAHO Nickname .". . The Gem State Bird. . ; . Mountain Blucbfrd .•'••>-• 'i •. :• •••.,-. .?•-,•>--. Motto.. .'. .S^. .Eslo Pnbetua ^' u fir zj r, , -v /V/f^,,«„» 'Tu r vj c • . i\ «Song; Here We Have Idaho ', (Mayest Thou. Endure Forever!) ° \ • ' ,", • • '- • -• ' •'^ . '•• ' • • • ' Flower...... '.' ,'Syringa Entered the Union. .. .July 3,.1890 Capital City. T\'.. .i^..Boise -., Most of the area of Idaho, a far western treaty of 1846, the territory was ceded to State, lies in the drainage basin of the Co this country. The first known white men lumbia River and its tributaries, chief ofe^ in^Idaho were Lewis and Clark, .and they Avhich is the' Snake. The maximum alti were followed by fur traders and trappers.. tude is 12,655 feet and the minimum is'723 The discovery of gold in 1860 and later of feet. Most of the terrciin is mountainous. silver bWught many settlers to the milling f The valley of the Snake,' Avhen irrigated, camps. Idaho becam^ a'State in 1890. is. e.xcellent farm land, and in the north lie broad and fertile valleys that form a fine . ., . STATISTICS farming regior;i. . Of 5.5 million acres under cultivation, Area (square miles)...... ;. . ; .'.... 82,769 approximately 2 million are irrigated. Rank in Nation...... ,....'...... •'. .. . 10th Wheat, hay, potatoes, dry beans, sugar Population (1950). ...;..!.!.;. , .588,637 beets, and apples are the most important - Rank in Nation (1950)...... ,.,. . . . .•.43rd crops, and agricultural production aggre Density per square mile (1950). .... -. .•: . . .7.1 gated aboutS340 million in 1950. Of per Number of Representatives in Congress...... 2* sons employed' in May, 1949, more than Fiscal Year 1950: . '• half (66,000) were engaged in farming, General Revenue. . .,...... '. $50,927,0001 some 34,000 in commerce arid the profes General E.xpcnditurcs. 554,326,000 f. sions, and some 24,000 in manufacturing, State University...... University of Idaho and mining. Total mineral production in Site. .\ ... ^ .Moscow . 1950 was valued at S86,750,000, the lead Capital'City. .^...... ;...... Boise ing resources including.lead, zinc, silver, • ^opi^Iation (1950)...... %i,\521 phosphate rocl^ gold, antimony, and cop Rarfk in State. . .^:...... ;-..>...... Istj. per. The coniferous forests of Idaho are Largest City. . . . '...... ,...... Boise J . also brie of its basic treasures, and lumber- . Population {19.50), ."...... -. . .34,152$- ing is an important industry. Lumiber Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .'. 9 J products were valued'at $66,218,900 in Number of Counties . ; 44 1948. •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ' •" The lakes and trout streams of Idaho • fU. S. Bureau of Census report are farnous fishing grounds, and the moun JBascd on preliminary 1950 population figures tains afford some of the finest big game hunting to be found in.the United States. The Snake River is noted for its waterfalls LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY and its deep and picturesque canyon. The , There is no department devoted exclu skiing at Sun Valley and other resorts at sively to legisjativb reference service. The «*. tracts thousands of vacationers annually. Director of the Bureau of the Budget, : Idaho, originally part of the "Oregon Leonard Wood, has been very helpful in country," was held jointly by Great Brit furnishing information to the Council of. ain and the United States until, under the State Goverrimeats. 490 r z? IDAI^O 491 OFFICERS Governor...... ;.,::.... LEN JORDAN Lieutenant Governor' ...... EDSON DEAL Secretary of State. . . .JRA H. MASTERS Attorney General...... RoBERj- E. SMYUE State Treasurer... .. MR.S. LEL'A D. PAINTER State Auditor...... ;:. .N. P. NTiELsoN' . V IDAHO SUPREME COURT, : •••,••, '' • Chief Justice...... ;...:.,... .^...... RAYMOND L. GIVENS • • ,. Five Justices Term. ....';...... -,. .,...._...,.:,...... •... .Si.\ ye'ars Elected by popular vote GoVERNOa LEN JORDA.N • ;; • , • LEGISLA-fURE President of the Sen'ate...... •;...... EDSON DEAL President Pro Tern of the Senate Speaker of the House..-...... VV.L. MILLS ...... ;...... /i^ARLi-J. SOELBERG Clerk of the Hbuse. . * . ... . C. A. BOTTOLFSEN Secretary of the Senate. CARL KITCHEN ,. • , -' Senators > Representatives Term Regular-Session D .15 D. ,. .23 Senate. .2 years >Fifst Monday after January 1, biennially in R ;. . . .29 R..., ;36 House.. .2 years • odd years. Length:'60 days. Total... 44 Total.:...... 59 • - - COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Members (To be appointed) ADMINISTkATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... JOHN E. WALSH Labor,•./...... '...... ;W. L, ROBISON Advertisiiig...... '...... '...... LEE HELLER Library (Archives)...... GERTRUDE MCDEVITT Aeronautics...... '.'.. CHET MOIJLTON Library (Law)...... ,...... CLAY KOELSCH : Agriculture ...... ' D. A. STUBBLEFIELD Library (State). . . . MARGARET ROBERTS Banking, ... .; ...... E. F. HAWORTH Liquor Control. . .'. ."...... ARCH N. DYER Budget .....'. .LEONARD WOOD Mental Health ;....;... .D. C. RAY, M.D. Civil Defense. .^ ...... COL. PHiLip DODDRIDGE Mines .....,."...... GEORGE MCDOWELL Conservation. . . ,. .MARK R. KULP Motor Vehicles. ...; . . .J. R. MCCARTHY Corporations IRA H. MASTERS Parks.;,...... EDWARD WOOZLEY Corrections...... L. E..CLAPP Parole...... , .. . .;.;,, ... .HERMAN P. FAILS Education...... ^...... ALTON B. JONES Planning and Development...... N. P. NIELSON • Employment Seiwicj:...,.:... ..H. F. GARRETT Police .Ai P. BUNDERSON Equalization of Assessnients...... ED D. BAIRB Public Utilities and Railroads. . . .H. N. BEAMER Finance E. F- HAWORTH Public Works...;;...... !...... ;. TOH^BELL' Fish and Game...... *...... Ti B. MURRAY Purchasing...... ,'...... G. O. WRIGHT Food and Drugs, .....' .L. J. PETERSON Taxation...... '.. . .E. ID^^BAIRD Forestry. ....,.....;. .RO^ER GUERNSEY Unemployment insurance...... H. F. GARRETT GeologV •. • • • .GEORGE MCDOWELL Veterans...... S. E. VANCE, JR. Health. ....;. L. J. PETERSON Water Resources .L. J. PETERSON Highways...... !...... ROSCOE C. -RICH Welfare. , ;. BILL CHILD Insurance..;...... '.,....,.... .LEO O'CONNELL Workmen's Compensation...... LEO H. HOUTZ ILLINOIS "—D Nickname. .The Prairie State Bird...... Gardinal '','••"'.'',.- •• • • - " ••,••• Moito.StateSovefeignty-jYationalUnion ' Song...... ^...... Illinms Flower...... Native Violet Entered the Union December 3,1818 • Capital City...... Springfield Illinois is in the rich farming and indus / STATISTICS . trial area of the Middle AVest. Most of the Area (square miles)., '. .-...... 55,935 State is rolling prairie, with hills in the Rank in Nation...... 23rci northwest, and a low escarpment ;in the Population (1950) •...... ! . ... .8,712,176. south. The Mississippi, Ohio, and Wabash Rank in Nation (1950) ...... 4th'" Density per square mile (1950) 155.8 rivers form parts of the boundaries on three Number of Representatives in Congress... i . .25* sides, while tlie Illinois, flowing in a south Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950) : westerly direction,.almost bisects the State. "General Revenue . . . 5550,348,000 f Maximum a;ltitucle.is 1,241 feet and the 'General Expenditures....,.'. . : , .5609,161,000f minimum 279. State University...... University of Illinois Site...... ; . .. : . ...; . . .; . . . v.Urbana Approximately 32 million acres were un Capital City. . .;.....: ..Springfield der cultivation in 1950. Corn, wheat, oats, Population (1950). :...... 80,832t hay, livestock, and dairy products are im Rank in State...... ; .5tht Largest City. ..:: Chicag'oJ portant. Oil_ and coal are the leading Popi^latibn (1950)...... -.•.3,606,4361 mineral resources. Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .72 J s Much of IlUndis' economic wealth lies in Number of Counties.. ^..... 102 , its manufactures, produced in. the Chicago •As allocated on basis of 1950 papulation figures r' fU. S. Bureau of Census report - . ' metropolitan area. East St. Louis and its JBascd on preliminaiy 1950 population figures environs, and other important centers. The processing of livestock, iron and steel LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCLES products, printing, and publishing, rank as Legislative Council leading industries. Chicago, largest city in JACK F. IsAKOFF, Director of Research; the State and second Targest in the country, with a population of 3,606,436 (based on Legislative Reference Bureau 1950 preliminary figures), is a great JEROME FiNKLE, Ejcecutive Secretary center of industry, commerce^ finance, Budgetary Commission rail and air transport, education, and the SENATOR EVERETT R. PETERS, Chairman .arts.". . ••; ,,•• ;'.- The Legislative Council carries on a The State parks and the area bordering prograrri of research into subjects of general Lake Michigan, are the principal vacation interest to the Legislature, and prepares areas, while Springfield, the capital, and i^esearch mernoranda at the request of in other; centers'of tourist attraction are of dividual legislators. The Legislative Refer particular histojic interest because of their ence Bureau prepares most of the bills association with: the early life of Abraham introduced, conducts legal research, main Lincoln. tains a referefice library, and generally French explorers and missionaries.were assists the Legislature. During sessions it the first Europeans to visit the Illinois area, publishes a weekly cumulative. Legislative and riiany place names testify to this French Synopsis and Digest of bills and resolutions. background. Joliet and Marquette were The Illinois Budgetary Commission, cre followed by LaSalle, but in 1763 the French ated in 1937, is composed of the chairrrieri ceded the territory to the English and in of the Appropriations Committees, two y 1787 it became a^ part of the Northwest Senators, two Representatives,. and the Territory. Illinois entered the Union in Governor. The Commission employs staff • 181-8. to study State finances. 492 ILLINOIS '•493 OFFICERS Gfivernor ADLAI E. STEVENSON Lieutenant Governor.SHERWODD DIXON Secretary of State. EDWARD J. BARRETT Attorney.General. . . .IVAN A. ELLIOTT State Treasurer. WILLIAM G. STRATTON State Auditor BENJAMIN. O. GOOPER ILLINOIS. . SUPREME COURT Ghief justice...... JOSEPH E. DAILY J Six Associate Justices Term • .Nine years Elected by popular vote Ho.N. BERNICB T. GOVERNOR VAN DER VRIES'_. ^ AoLAi E. STSVENSON ' Chairman of the Commission on Intergovernmental Cooperation : * LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. !... .SHERWOOP DIXON Secretary of the Senate... EDWARD H. ALEXANDER President Pro Tem Speaker of the House. ;;...... WARREN WOOD of the Senate...... WALLACE THOMPSON Glerk of the House...... FRED RtrEOo Senators Representatives . Term Regular Session D...... :..:.20 ; D :...69 Senate.. 4 years Wednesday after first Monday in January, R..... 31 R...... 84 House...2 years biennially in odd years. Length: no con- Total.:. ....51 Total/.... .153 stitutS^nal limit. COMMISSION ON INTERGbVERNM^NTAL COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House iJ^embers ADLAI E. STEVENSON, Governor GHARLES W. BAKER BERNICE^JT. VAN DER VRIES, JAME!^ E. DAY, Seiy. FRANK P. JOHNSON Chairman IVAN A. ELLIOTT X" • MARTIN B. LOHMANN % MARVIN F. BURT J. F. ISAKOFF STANLEY J. MONDALA I liijGH GREEN JOSEPH POIS EDWARD P. SALTIEL '%eLAND J. KENNEDY ELBERT S. SMITH . I^NNETHJ. PEEL ROBERT J. YOUNG, JR. SAMUEL H. SHAPIRO . RICHARD STENGEL Ex-officio ^/«OT6<'rj; PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPE/\KER O^HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... LEO M. BOYLE Cibrary (State)...... EDWARD J. BARRETT . Agriculture i....:...... ROY E. YUNG Liquor Control.".;..' CHALMER G. TAYLOR Banking. BENJAMIN O. COOPER Mental Health. . '.',... .; ... FRED K. HOEHLER Budget. ...'...... T. R. LETH Mines .WALTER EADIE Givil Defense. .:.• .MAJ. LfiNOxLoHR Motor Vehicles...... EARL W. MERRITT Gonservation L. D. SCHWARTZ Oil and Gas.; . .. ._^...... JbisEPH W. FIRTH Gorporations.....:. . . .. ;WILUAM G. WORTHEY Old Age Assistance.... , 1\GARL K. SCHMIDT, JR. Gorrections. . . .JOSEPH D. LOHMAN Parks '.....: ,...... RAY HUBBS Education...... '...... VERNON L.. NICKELL Parolf ..'...... RoBT. B. PHILLIPS Employment Service...;. . .'.. FRANK ANNUNZIO Police...... MICHAEL F. SEYFRIT Finance. .JOSEPH POIS Pri^iting. . .LEO W. PFLUM Fire Marshal. ..,...!...... OTTO Q, DAHL Public Assistance...... CARL K. SCHMIDT, JR.. Fish:and Game. .LEONARD SCHWARTZ Public Utilities and Railroads, WALTER T. FISHER Forestry...... ':. . . . A. .... : E.^L. NUUTTILA Securities...-. .T"^...... POYNTELLE DOWNING Health. ..ROLAND R. GROSS, M.D. Taxation.... .• .G. E. HALPIN Highways. . GHAS. P. GASEY Unemployment Insurance. SAMUEL G. BERNSTEIN Insurance; /. .J. EDWARD DAY Veterans..,. '...... J. P. RINGLEY Labor ... .FRANK ANNUNZIO Water Resources...... THOMAS B. CASEY •Library (Archives)...... MARGARET G. NORTON Welfare...... *. .FRED.K. HOEHLER Library (Law)...... ' ...... JESSIE T. SMITH Workmen's Compensation.... • .FRANK ANNtmzio -.K> ^ IP Nickname...... The Hoosier State Bjrd...... ; . ... .Cardinal « .• -' - . •' • • ••,'••. Moito.'.The Crossroads of America Flower. . ;...... VAnma •-x Song. .On the Banks of the Wabash -, . Entered the Union • Far Away ...... DeccmIxT 11, 1H16- .-'•-'••'• •'•. • . • •• • • • • • ••••.'.' . . - • % • Capita^eity. ..-v--•-Indianapolis ' •,'Jfeu-- . • . • •• • • ••••••• . -% - Indiahaj the "Hoosier State","' in the . -_ -STATISTICS central part of the Middle West, is chiefly Area (square miles) . . 36,205 : undulating prairie that slopes upward as it . Rank in Nation .....•.' .37th- iiears the hills of the Cumberland PlateaQ Population (.1950.):... 3,934:324 'near the southern border. Altitude varies Rank in Nation (1950).. . . . :, . ,' ' .. 12th. from 313 to 1,285 feet. The Wa bash River Density per square mile (1950). . . . 108.:^ and its" tributaries drain southwestward Number of Representatives in. Congres.s. . .11* into the Ohio. . Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): The economic resources; of >the State are General Revenue. . S286,'299,0001 both agricultural and industrial. In 1949, General Expenditures...... 5282,989,000f about three-quarters of the total area was State Universities iin^Jer cultivation, .and the value of agricul Indiana University: ...... BIoomin,gton tural prdductiori was slightly less than SI Purdue University: :...... ,. Lafayette billion. Principal crops are corn, hay, Capital City...... v[...... Indianapolis wheat, soybeans, bats, rye, and tomatoes. ' Pppulatiori (1950). . . ; . 424,683 J ". Over 500,000 persons were engaged in Rank in State..... :....-. .. . .: Istt manufacturing ih' 1949.. Leading manu-_ Largest City...... -. . ; . . ... Indianapolis! factures include steel products, automo Population (1950)...... -. . , 424,683% biles, farm machinery, refrigerators, cloth Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. . .39^ ing, glass, -food products, and musical dumber of Counties.:. .;...... :.....,:. 92 instruments. The Calumet area, a center •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figure.i of steel production, is one of the most im-* fU.S.Bureaij of Cctisus report . portarit industrial regions in the country. JBaseclon prcliniinary 1950 population figures Principal minera'l resources include coal, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGEXCIES clay, cement, petroleuni, and limestone Legislative Advisory Comniittce (TQ^per cent of the entire national output). HERBERT. P. KENNEV,. Secretary Extensive" State parks and-State forests, numerous lakes, and the Lake Michigan Legislative Bureau beaches are well known summer resort arid HERBERT P. KEN.NEY, Director 'fi vacati.on areas. The sand dunes of the The Legislative Advisory Committee is a north hiave unique .and interesting fauna joint committee composed of three Sena and flora'. Numerous limestone caverns in tors, three Representatives, and the Pre the southern escarpment, attract many siding Officers, and it acts in an advisory tourists. . ;,; capacity to the Legislative Bureau. The French traders entered the area about Legislative Bureau maintains a reference 1672 and the, French established the first library, drafts bills, maintains a file of bills permanent settlement in 1731 at Vin- introduced, edits House and Senate Jour cennes. Although occupied by the British nals, and in general performs staff services during the Revolutionary War, the terri for the Legislature. The Director of the tory was conqiibred by the Americans in Bureau is ex-officio Revisor of Statutes, and ,1779. In 1787 it was made a part of the the Bureau woi'ks with special commissions Northwest Territory and was admitted«?to of the General Assemblyv-on Codification the Union in 1816. and revision assignments. " 494 1 WDIANA 495 OFFICERS Governor .HENRY F. SCHRICKER Lieutenant Governor 'JOHN A. WATKINS Secretary of State. .LELAND L. SMITH Attorney General ...... '.. J. EMMETT MCMANAMON State TreasuVer. . WILLIAM L. FORTUNE State Auditor. .' FRANK T. MILI.IS INDIANA SUPREME COURT Chief Justice FLOYD S. DRAPER t Four Associate Judges Term , . . . , Six years • Elected by popular vote . HON. FRANK T. MILLIS GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on HENRY F. SCHRICKER Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... "...... JOHN A. WATKINS . President Pro Tem Speaker ' of the Senate....; JOHN W. VAN NESS of the House W. O. HUGHES Secretary of the Senate.. .BERRYMAN S. HURLEY Clerk of the House...... "..;.. NOLAND WRIGHT Senators Representatives Term RegiSlar Session D. ...24 D...... 31 •Senate. .4'years Thursday after first Monday in January, R • 26 R 69 House... 2 years biennially in odd years. Length: 61 days. Total 50 Total. . . : ..100 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members ' Senate Members House Members FRANK T. MILLIS, Chairman EDWIN W. BEAMAN JAMES D. ALLEN HUGH W, ABBETT HERMAN C. EVANS _^ S. HUGH DILLIN WILLIAM L. FORTUNE > LEO J. STEMLE " WALTER H. MAEHLING KENNETH M. KUNKEL JOHN W. VAN NESS • • JOHN E. SEDWICK, JR. J. EMMETT MCMANAMON JUDSON HARMON WEST GLENN R. SLENKER LELAND L. SMITH JOHN A. WATKINS Ex-officio Honorary Members:TH E GOVERNOR,.PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General ROBINSON HITCHCOCK Library (Archives) HOWARD H. PECKHAM Advertising M. T. AYERS Library (Law) MRS. MARY M, SCHUBERT Aeronautics CLARENCE F. CORNISH . Library (State).. ; HAROLD F. BRIGHAM Agriculture .JOHN A. WATKINS Liquor Control BERNARD DOYLE Banking. . .JOSEPH MCCORD Mental Health. . JUUL C. NIELSEN, M.D. Budget . . , LYTLE j. FREEHAFER Mines ....'..•...... WILLIAM BUTTS Civil Defense. FREDERICK CRETORS Motor Vehicles : . CLYDE R; BLACK Conservation KENNETH KUNKEL Parks. .• KENNETH R. COUGILL Corporations. . . . .LELAND L. SMITH Parole. WILLI.AM. SPANNUTH Corrections J- C. COPELAND Personnel- W. HERSCHEL SKINNER Education. WILBUR YOUNG Plarinirig and Development.BLAiNE W; OSTERLING Employment Service CHARLES GROSS Police .ARTHUR M. THURSTON Finance.. LYTLE J. FREEHAFER Printing .JACOB R. ROBERTS Fire Marshal.. Alex HOUGLAND Public Assistance ETHEL HARRISON Fish and Game.. . ..' H. P. COTTINGHAM . Public Utilities and Railroads. Hucp W. ABBETT Forestry. . ;; ;..... RALPH F. WILCOX Purchasing ... .JAMES E. PARHAM Geology '. CHAS. F. DEISS Securities .'. .HAROLD V. WHITELOCK Health...... LER6Y E. BURNEY, M.D, Taxation. .NOBLE HOLLAR Highways SAMUEL E. HADDEN Unemployment Insurance C. T. MARTZ Insurance. FRANK J, VIEH^ANN Veterans. • • • • CLINTON GREEN Labor....'. THOMAS HUTSPN Water Resources....:...... ANTVON HULMAN •"s- IOWA h^SJ-D Nickname The Hawkeye State Bird. . , ;Eastern Goldfinch Molto. .Our Liberties We Prize and' Song , Iowa Our Rights We Will Maintain * ^ , , ^ ' ' / Entered the Union December 28,. Flower , .Wild Rose 1846 Capital City. Dcs Moines Iowa, iti the north-central part of the STATISTICS Middle West, is undulating prairie, with a Area (square miles) 56,045t maximum elevation of 1,675 feet in the Rank in Nation...,...:...... :... 22nd northwest and a minimum of 477 feet in Population (1950).. 2,621,073 the southeast. The eastern and western Rank in Nation (1950) ^ \22nd boundaries are. formed by two large rivers, 'Density per square mile (1950) .46.8 the Mississippi and the Missouri. Number of Representatives in Congress...... 8* Ninety-five per cent of the soil, which is Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): exceptionally fertile, is under cultivation. General Revenue SI 10,102,544 General Expenditures ...,•. SI 17,670,476 Value of the 1950 farm crops was State University. University of Iowa $1,101,000,000. The State ranks high in Site Iowa City production of corn, oats, soybeans, pop Capital City ". .Des Moines corn, livestock, and poultry products. Population (1950) 176,954$. " Farming is the basic industry and most of Rank in State.. ^..... Istf . o the manufactures—food processing/ meat Largest City Des Moines | packing, and farm machinery—^epend Population (1950)...... '...... 176,954 J ' upon agriculture. Printing and puMishing Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. .-.23$ , are also important industries. Muscatine, Number of Counties. . .^ . T 993?, -on the Mississippi River, is the center of •As allocated on baiii of 1950 population figures pearl button production, in which the State fU. S. Bureau of Census report leads. Principal minerals are cement, {Based on preliminary 1950 population figures., stone, gypsum, coal,, sand, and gravel. Des Moines, the largest city annthe^tate LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES capital, is a busy center of trade ana Legislative Reference Bureau dustry. Lake Okoboji, Spirit, Clear, and State Law Library Storm lakes are popular vacation resorts. W. R. C. KENDRICK, Law Librarian and The French explorers, Marquette and, Legislative Reference Director Joliet, the first white men to enter the area' Budget and Financial Control Committee (1673), werefollowed by Father Hennepin SENATOR JAY C. COLBURN, Chairman in 1680. On the basis of these expeditions, The legislative reference section of the the territory was formally claimed by the State Law Library was created in 1939. . French in' 1682. More than 100 years The Bureau maintains a reference' library, elapsed before the next recorded explora drafts bills and undertakes spot research tion, also made by a Frenchman, Dubuque, problems at the reque.st of Legislators,' and a fur trader who discovered and developed prepares subject indexes and digests of . lead mines in the area near the Mississippi. legislative material. The Budget and Fi The regit»n was ceded to Spain in 1762, nancial' Control Cornmittee was created repossessed by the French in 1800, and by the 1951 Legislature. The Committee finally claimed by the United States, will work closely with the State Comptrol- • under the' teems of the Louisiana Pur ler and will examine the financial affairs chase. F4-om 1804 to 1838 it was gov and the organization of the State govern erned by various Territories, from the ment. It is also entrusted with the ad last of which, Wisconsin, it was divided ministration of the General Contingent ^ in 1838. It entered the Union in 1846. . Fund of S2 million. 496 v> V. IOWA 497 OFFICERS Governor WILLIAM S. BEARDSLEY Lieutenant Governor. .VV. H. NICHOLAS Secretary of State ^ MELVIN D. SVNHORST Attorney General... ROBERT L. LARSON State Treasurer.... M. L. ABRAHAMSON State Auditor...... :...... C. B. AKERS State Comptroller.GLENN D. SARSFIELD IOWA SUPREME COURT Chief Justice...... RALPH A. OLIVER Eight Associate Justices Term...... Six years j^^^ ROBERT L. LARSON GOVERNOR l:.Iected by popular vote Chairman of the Commission on WILLIAM S. BEARDSLEY Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... VV. H. NICHOLAS Secretary of the Senate...... CARROLL A. LANE President Pro Tern Speaker of the House , . . .WM. S. LYNES of the Senate STANLEY HART Clerk of the House A. C. GUSTAFSON Senaitors Representatives Term Regular Session R .41. R. .93 Senate. .4 years Second Monday in January, biennially in D...... 9 D 15 House.. .2 years odd years. Length: no constitutional limit.* Total...... 50 Total...... 108 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members " ;, House Members ROBERT L. LARSCPN, Chairman JOHN P. BERG ' . ' ROBERT O. BURROWS M. L. ABRAHAMSON RAYMOND R. GILLESPIE KATHERYN METZ G. B. AKERS HERMAN B. LORD HARRY NIELSEN PAUL E. MCCARVILLE CARL H. RINGGENBERO JAMES H. NESMITH GLENN E, ROBINSON EDWARD S. PARKER FRED SCHWENGEL W. ELDON WALTER ALBERT WEISS Ex-offido Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE • ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General FRED C. TANDY Library (Archives) . CLAUDE R. COOK Advertising...... RODNEY Q. SELBY Library (Law)...... ;... W. R. C. KENDRICK Aeronautics. PERCY NORRIS Library (State, Traveling) BLANCHE A. SMITH Agriculture. CLYDE SPRY Liquor Control...... ;...... HAROLD WOLFE Banking ^ ...... N. P. BLACK Mental Health ROBERT C. LAPPEN Budget , .".. GLENN SARSFIELD Mines .ALICE D. JENSEN Civil Defense RODNEY Qi SELBY Motor Vehicles. JOHN CARLSON Conservation. BRUCE F. STILES Parks...... ' .WILBUR A. RUSH Corporations ^ BERRY O. BURT Parole R. W. BOBZIN Corrections ROBERT C. LAPPEN Police *S. N. JESPERSEN Education ;...... JESSIE M. PARKER Printing. ,...... -.. .S. W. NEEDHAM Employment Service. .' CARL B. STIGER Public Utilities and Railroads f . Fire Marshal •. .'. JACK C. COOK ,„,. GEO. li. MCCAUOHAN Fish and Game. RAY W.-^ECKMAN Purchasing.. CARL H. KRAUSE Fiibd and Drugs •>...... CLYDE SPRY Securities .' SAMUEL E. OREBAUGH forestry. WILBUR A. RUSH Taxation...... RUY E.JOHNSON leology .H. G. HERSHEY Un^employment Insurance CARL B. STIGER lealth WALTER L. BIERRINO, M.D. .Veterans; .EDWARD J. KALLEMYN Highways. SANFORDZEIG^^ER Water Resources i. .G. L. ZIEMER Insurance...... CHARLES R. FISCHER Welfare....:... ROLLA R. GLENN Labor...... ' M. L. GILBERT Workmen's Compensation... . .ALBERT J. SHAW \ KANSAS. Nickname. . . .The Sunflower State Bird...... Western Meadowlark Mot^o Ad Aslra per Aspera Song Home on the Range (To the Stars Through Difficulties) ^ , , „ . ^ „„ " • •/ Entered the Umon.January 29,1861 Flower. Native Sunflower "••••'-••.• Capital City. . . .: .Topeka : Kansas, the "Sunflower State," located of the Western part of the State. Kansas in the exact geographical center of the entered the Union in 1861,. United States, is part of the Great Plains area:. Its altitudes range from 700 feet in STATISTICS the east to 4,000 feet in the high plains of Area (square miles) 82,108 Rank in Nation. 12th the west. • Principal rivers are the Kansas Population (1950) ' 1,905,299 and Arkansas, and the State is partially . Rank in Nation (1950) 31st bounded on the east by the Missouri. Density per square mile (1950) .23.2 Kansas is a rich agricultural State, with Number of Representatives in Congress 6 * Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): some 48 million acres under cultivation. General Revenue S171,418,000t Wheat, corn, alfalfa, oats, grain sorghums, •General Expenditures ..'...... S160,012,000t and soybeans rank as chief crops, and farm^ State University . University of Kansas value of air crops produced in 1950 was Site Lawrence Capital City., ...... ; Topeka S679,839,050. Total value of livestock and Population (1950) .77,827 J poultry produced was^S528,163,000. Rank in State .3rdt Various industries flourish. Products of Largest City...... Wichitat the wholesale meat-packing industry Population (1950) .166,306t Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.> .241 amounted to almost $20 million in 1948; Number orCounties..,-. . 105 those of petroleum refining more than $15 •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures million; flour and grain mill products fU. S. Bureau of Census report more than S14 million; and other miscel JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures laneous manufactures almost $70 million. Outstanding mineral resources are pe LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES troleum, natural gas, cement, stone, coal, and zinc. Next to agriculture,most Kan- Legislative Council sans are e'mployed iii trade, manufacturing, ' FREDERIC H. GUILD, Director governpient work, transportation and pub JOHN E. BURKE, Legislati%'e Fiscal Officer lic utilities, and the service industries, Legislative and Reference Department which include the professions. State Library LOUISE MCNE.\L, State Librarian Coronado, entering Kansas in 1541, pro EDNJ\ REINB.^CH, Chief of Reference Department nounced the country "the best,.! have ev^er seen." On the basis of explorations made . Revisor of Statutes by La Salle,, the French laid claim to the FRANKLIN CORRICK, Revisor territory in 1682. It became a part of the The Legislative Council conducts re United States in 1803 by virtue of the search on legislative problems. The Coun Louisiana J^urchase. Many pioneers to the. cil's Legislative Budget Committee, estab West crossed the Kansas plains, and nu lished in 1947, studies State revenues and , merous forts remain that were built as expenditures. The Legislative arid Refer outposts of defense. Historic sites are to be ence Department maintains an index of all seen along th^ old Oregon, Santa Fe, and legislation and a file of reference materials. Chisholm trails, and the route of the Pony The Revisor of Statutes assists in bill draft- j Express. Interesting fossils of early animals, ing and supervises statutory revision and such as flying reptiles, and small three-toed compilation. The- Revisor also acts as horses have been found in the chalk beds Secretary of the Legislative Council. 498 f KANSAS 499 OFFICERS Governor .EDWARD F. ARN Lieutenant Governor...... FRED HALL Sccretcu-y of State. .PAUL R. SHANAHAN Attorney General. .HAROLD R. FATZER State Treasurer. . . RICHARD T. FADELY State Auditor. . . GEORGE ROBB KANSAS SUPREME COURT Chief Justice...... W. VV. HARVEY . Si.< Associate Justices Term ,...... '. Six years Elected by popular vote " ' HO.N. FRED HALL GOVERNOR- Chairman of the Commission on EDWARD F. ARN Interstate Cooperation • LEGISLATURE President, of the Senate " FRED HALL • President Pro Tem of the Senate.. PAUL R. WUNSCH Speaker of the House.. .LAWRENCE M. GIBSON Secretary of the . Clerk of the House. .". . H. W. CRAMER Senate". .SIDNEY MARGARET GARDINER Senators ' Representatives Term \ Regular Session D.. 6 - D...... 20- Senate. .4 years Second Tuesday'in January, biennially in R...... 34 R. .. 105 House... 2 years odd years. Length: no limit, but only 50 Total; 40 Total...... 125 days with pay. .;V COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members .. EDWARD F. ARN, Governor FRED HALL, Chairman JOHN VV. ALFORD HAROLD R. FATZER ^ HENRY Si BUZICK, JR. HARRY H. DUNN W. G. HAMILTON E. BERT COLLARD LAWRENCE M. GIBSO.N GEORGE ROBB ELMER E. EUWER LEROY A. JOHNSON PAUL R. SHANAHAN LLOYD H. RUPPENTHAL LEA MARANVILLE. i Secretary: FRED E. GULICK ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General .JOE NICKELL Library (Archives) KIRKE MECHEM Advertising MAURICE E. FACER' Library (Law) .:.... MARIE. RUSSELL Aeronautics. GLEN TABOR Library (Scate). .. . , ; LOUISE MCNEAL Agriculture .\ . ROY FREELAND Liquor Control . . .ARTHUR A. HERRICK Banking: ; ELMER T. BECK Mines. .SAM THORNBURG Budget W. G. HAMILTON Motor Vehicles '. C. M. VOELKER Civil Defense..«^. STANDISH HALU. Oil and Gas .JEFF A. ROBERTSON Corporations.'fij PAUL R. SHANAHAN Old Age Assistance...... /•.. C. J. MORGAN Corrections PHIL R. HAWKINS . Parks DAVID D. LEAHY Education ,.. .ADEL F. THROCKMORTON Parole. .JOHN S. DAWSON Employment Security. .JOHN MORRISON Personnel . CHARLES S. M^LEY Equalization of Assessments... .WM. GOJJGH, JR. Police HUGH F. EDWARDS Fire Marshal; :. CLYDE LATCHEM Printing.. . ."...... :FERD VOILAND, JR. Fish and Game...... r DAVID D. LEAHY Public Utilities and Railroads JEFF ROBERTSON Food and Drugs.,-. ':^..... EVAN WRIGHT Purchasing. .• .ED BURGE Forestry. VV. F. PICKETT Securities '.•: .GEORGE F. RICHARDSON Geology. RAYMOND C. MOORE Ta.xation . WM. GOUGH, JR. Health...... ;. .THOMAS R. HOOD, M.D. Unemployment Insurance...... JOHN MORRISON Highways. GALE Moss Veterans. .R. M.COLLINS Income Ta.\ .- BERT MITCHNER Water Resources R. V. SMRHA Insurance ' FRANK SULLIVAN Welfare ;. .'.... FRANK LONG .Labor P. G. BAIRD Workmen's Compensation -PAUL S. WISE KENTUCKY Nickname.... .The Bluegrass State Bird. ..;,...... ,.... Cardinal Motto: ...... '.United We Stand, c jr r\ij v , L U Divided We Fall ^°"^•••••• ^My OldKftitucky Home Flower .Goldenrod • Entered the Union... .June 1, 1792 }.;, Capital City. .*;.. .Frankfort -, Kentucky, a south-central State, is bor STATISTICS . dered on the east by the Appalachians, Area (square miles) .....:.. 39,864 from which the surface islopes gradually to Rank in Nation. ...36th the Ohio and Mississippi valleys on. the north and west. Altitudes vary from 4,150 Population (1950).-...... ,...... 2,944,806 feet at Big Black Mountain in Harlan Rank in Nation (1950)...... ^,. .->.*.. .. 19th County on the eastern border to 257 feet Density per square mile (1950). .\ . . . . .'"^.73.9 in the west. Number of Representatives in Congress...... 8 * Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950):' Approximately one-half of employed General Revenue .5167,968,000 f persons engage in farming, and total farm General Expenditures. V.. .SI72,039,000f output was valued at about $533 million State University University of Kentucky in 1949. Kentucky's soil grows fine corn and tobacco. Other valuable crops include Site .Lexington wheat, rye, o,ats, barley, fruits, and vege Capital City...... Frankfort tables. The Blue Grass region is famous for Population (1950). . ...:...... 11,949^ its fine horses, and other livestock are im Rank in State ...:.. !l2tht portant. Some cotton and sofghum cane Largest City ... . Louisville | are grown.. Population (1950).:...... ^^ ... 367,3591 Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .15% .• Outstanding mineral resources include Number of Counties . :. .120 coal, gas, oil, sfone, asphalt, and fluorspar. In recent years ii^corhe from manufac •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures '. fU. S. Bureau of Census report ';• tures has increased steadily. In 1947 proc-. JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures essed foods, tobacco products, chemicals, wearing apparel, and alcoholic beverages produced almost three-fifths of a total manufacturing income of $lj-481,700,000. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES Louisville, the largest city, is the center •^ Legislative Research Commissipn of commerce and industry, and the scene ARTHUR Y. LIOYD, Director of one of the big horse-racing events of tht year, the Kentucky Derby. Numerous State Legislative and Law Library parks and Mammoth Cave, most famous Department of Library and Archives of numerous caverns in the limestone stra MRS. ETHEL G. CANTRILL, State Librarian tum underlying the Blue Grass Country, Statute Revision Commission are favorite tourist attractions. -WILLIAM ALLENDER, Acting Revisor of Statutes • La Salle was the first European to enter The Legislative Research Commission th.__e area (1669)^ ,,, and h_e. was followed. b_y^ prepares research reports on legislative oth^r French explorers. InT69^4.^party of -f problems and maintains a^iibrary of refer- Englishmen, sent by the GovernorV)f Vir- ence materials. The Legislative and Law ginia, explored the region. Soon afterward Library has library and reference facilities two land companies were organized in which are available to Legislators. The Virginia to settle the transmontane areas Statute'Revision Commission performs bill claimed by that State. Kentucky was ad- drafting services, does legal research, com mitted to the Union as a separate State in piles, annotates and publishes the statutes, 1792. . and performs continuous statutory revision. 500 KENTUCKY 501 OFFICERS Governor.. .LAWRENCE W. WETHERBY Lieutenant Governor .EMERSON BEAUGHAMP Secretary of State ".;...... ;. .CHARLES K O'CONNELL Attorney General. .J . D. BucKMAN, JR. State Treasurer...... PEARL RuNYON State Auditor... .T. HERBERT TINSLEY State Comptroller.. , .T. P. ROGERS, H KENTUCKY COURT OF APPEALS Chief Justice..... JAMES W. GAMMACK Six Associate Justices Term Eight years HON. LOOU COX GOVERNOR Elected by popular vote Chairman of the Legislative LAWRENCE VV. WETHERBY . Research Comnuttee LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. .rCVacancy) President Pro Tcm of the Senate. EMERJSON BEAUCHAMP Speaker of the House.....,. ADRQN DORAN Clerk of tl]e Senate..... 7 .JOHN F. DUGAN Clerk of the House..; J; IRVIN^ SANDERS Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D.. 28 D 73 Senate..4 years First Tuesday after first Monday m Janu R. ..:.....;10 R...... 27 House... 2 years ary, biennially in even years. Length: 60 Total ..38 Total. 100 days. . LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH COMMISSION (FunctionJs as Gonunission on Interstate Cooperation) Administrative Members Senate Members Hotise Members LAWRENCE W. WETHERBY, . "Lovis Cox, Chairman ADRON DORAN Governor > \'- R.P.MOLONEY • JAMES P. HANRATTY . RAY B. MOSS DURHAM W. HOWARD, Secy. Director: ARTHUR Y. LLOYD •s-w^ • /-- ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS '. Adjutant CJeneral ROSCOE L. MURRAY Library (Law) FRANK K. KAVANAUGH Aeronautics CHARLES H. GARTRELL Library (State) MRS. ETHEI.J3...PANTRILL. Agriculture...... BEN S." ADAMS Liquor Control .GUY C. SHEARER Banking HENRY H. CARTER Mental Health.. . .FRANK M. GAINES, JR., M.D. Budget, .L. FELIX JOYNER Mines A. D. SisK Civil Defense .ROSCOE L. MURRAY Motor Vehicles .JOHN M. KINNAIRD ConservatiSn...... ;.... .HENRY WARD Old Age Assistance. AARON PAUL Corporations; .GEORGE G. HATCHER Parks .MRS. LUCY SMITH Corrections. WALTER E. WATSON Parole...... DARRELL B. HANCOCK Education.....: ... ..WENEJELL P. BUTLER Personnel.., v.... .GEORGE T. STEWART Employment Service. L. P. JONES -Planning and Development.CEORGE W. HUBLEY Finance....: CWFFORD R. BARNES Police. .GUTHRIE F. CROV^m Fire Marshal .WILLIAM L. MARTIN Printing...... '.;.. .THEODORE J. RICHARD Fish and Game .EARL WALLACE Public Utilities anxi Railroads Food and Drugs...... SARAS VANCE DUGAN .,...... ,;.... FRANK L. MCCARTHY Forestry HARROD B, NEWLAND Purchasing...... , BEN H. LOWRY Geology. D.J.JONES Securities.. '. .H. B. KINSOLVING, JR. Health BRUCE UNDERWOOD, M.D. Taxation...... '. H. CLYDE REEVES Highways., WILLIAM P. CURUN Unemployment Insurance. C O. B, HANNAH. Insurance. .". .A .. C. SPAULDING SOUTHALL Veterans. .'.STANLEY HUDSON Labor, .v.....;., .EDWIN G. WiLus Water Resources...... •. (ORVILLE CHINN Library (Archives)...... '.BAYLESS E. HARDIN Welfare.,.. .LUTHER GOHEEN Library (Extension)...... FRANCES JANE PORTER Workmen's Compensation .EDWIN G. WILLIS • r \ LOUISIANA Nickname...... The Pelican State Bird ^unofficial) Eastern Brown •r-.-K" , Pelican Motto... f/«ion. Justice and Confidence . „ * „ ,, • • - .. " -^ Song..,; . • -Song of Louisiana Flower Magnolia Entered the Union. .;April 8, 1812 Capital City...... Batori Rouge Louisiana, the 'Telican-State," borders tpry to, the United States in 1803 as part on the Gulf of Mexico. Level regions in the of the Louisiana Purchase. Louisiana was north and west slope down to a wide fringe admitted to the Union in 1812. of swamp and coastal marshes dotted with bayous, salt-water lagoons, and the cut-off . .STATISTICS meanders of,the Mississippi River and its Area (square miles) 45,162f tributaries. Much of this land is below Rank in Nation. . . . ."Slst flood level and is protected from inunda Population (1950), -,. 2,683,516 -V. t-v tion by an intricate system of levees, A Rank in'Nation (1950). 21st large part of Louisiana's trade and com- • Density per square mile (1950) 59.4 merce are water-borne, the Mississippi Number of Representatives in Congress...... 8* beiAg the center of an irnproved system of inla^id waterways. Altitudes range from Fiscal .Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): 535 feet above sea level.to 5 ftet below. . General Revenue. ..S348,660,241 f General Expenditures...... $327,170,595f Commerqiat.fishing is an important in State University...... Louisiana State University dustry,-with shrimp and oysters the most Agricultural and Mechanical College valuable products. The fur crop is a con Site.; . . . . Baton Rouge siderable source of income. - ... .. Capital City. . >•...... •. .Baton Rouge Louisiana, an agricultural State, raises Population (1950) . .123,957$ chiefly cotton, sugarcane, sorghum, rice, Rank in State. . ."ivdX tobacco, tung, potatoes,, fruits, and nuts, Largest City . ; Ncv^j Orleans | In 1950 crops were valued at more than Population (1950) ;....., .. .567,257 j . S275 million. Petroleum, natural gas, sul Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.... 171 phur, and salt are leading mineral sources Number of Parishes .... : 64 of income. Principal manufacturing industries in •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures f From Director, Stat<; Dept. of Revenue clude petroleum and sugar refining and JBjiscd on preliminary 1950 population ggures the production of lumber, paper, and phemicals. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY New Orleans is a popular tourist center, especially during the pre-Lenten festival of State Library the' Mardi Gras. The Gulf Coast country EssAE M. CULVER, State Librarian is a well known winter resort. Naturalists Since the Act of 1946 providing for find the game refuge and bird sanctuaries Legislative Reference Service from the in the State important-sources of infor- State Library was passed no appropriation rhation. has been made for legislative service, but • The first European entry into the area with eooperation from the Louisiana State probably was made by the expedition of University Law and General Reference Li- DeSoto, who descended the Mississippi in brary, service has been given as far as pos- i542, but the country was not claimed for sible by the reference department of the a European power until LaSalle-did so in Louisiana ^tate Library. The collection of 1682 when exploring for the Fr-ench. The materials in the State Library for such name Louisiana was given in honor of service is still inadequate and no bill draft- Louis XIV. Napoleon I sold the terri- . ing is attempted. - > LOUISIANA 503 OFFICERS Governor .EARL K. LONG Lieutenant Governor. WULLIAM J. DODD Sfecretary of State WADE O. MARTIN, JR. Attorney General. . .BOLIVAR E. KEMP State Treasurer...... •\. P. TUGWELL State Auditor . . L. B. BAYNA^^^ . SUPREME ctoURT OF LOUISIANA Chief Justice...... JOHN B. FOURNET Six Associate Justices Term. . . .Fourteen years Elected by popular vote HON. BOLIVAR E. KEMP GOVERNOR Chairman. of the Commission on EARL K. LONO Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... W1LLIA.M J. DODD President Pro Tem of the Speaker of the House...... LORRIS M. WIMBERLV Senate. .,...: ANDREW L. SEVIER Clerk of the House...... LEE L. LAVCOCK Secretary of the Senate.....:..... G. J. Duo AS Senators Representatives Term Regular Session -. D. .'. ..39 D.. . 100 Senate. .4 years Second Monday in May, biennially in even Total 39 Total, .... .100 . House.. .4 years years. Length: 60 days. COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION .Administrative Members Senate Members House Members BOLIVAR E. KEMP, Chairman G. E. BARHAM SAMUEL C. CASHIO R. E. JACOBS C.H. DOWNS JOHN S. GARRETT CHARLES E. TOOKE. : SID1>IEY J. RAMOND GEO. J. GULLOTA RICHARD E. WALKER H. H. RICHARDSON J. THOMAS JEWELL • HENRY G. SEVIER EJc-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT op SENATE, SPEAKE'R OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General;...... RAYMQND HUFFT Library (State)...... '.;. ^ .^.. . ESSAE M. CULVER Administration...... J. HARVEY RESTER Liquor Control.. .'V; r.. .FkANCis DAVID Aeronautics. T. B. HERNDON Motor Vehicles...... W. A. COOPER Agriculture...... :...... ,W.E. ANDERSON. Gil and Gas. .8. L. DIGBY Banking .JASPER S. BROCK Old Age Assistance. .A. A. FREDERICKS Budget...... ;...... ;.. T. A. THOMPSON Parks. •••••• SIDNEY STARING Civil Defense .. .. DOUGLAS MANSHIP Parole. ,D. E. BAUCUM Commerce. ;.. .MARY E. DICKERSON Planning and Development. FRANK S.WALSHE, JR. Conservation...... S. L. DIGBY Police. . -...... ^ % ...... '. .E. P. Roy Corporations...... WADE O. MARTW, JR.. Public Assistance. . .'...... :A. A. FREDERICKS Education.....; .SHELBY M. JACKSON Piiblic Utilities and Railroads Employment Security..; MARVIN E. THAMES V •. • • • NAT B. KNIGHT, JR. Finance. .!...... J. HARVEY RESTER- Public Wofks. .J. LESTER WHITE Fire Marshal...... HUGH W. STEWART Purchasing.. T...... GUY MARTIN Fishand Game...... ERNEST S. CLEMENTS School Lunch Administration Forestry '. JAMES E.. MIXON • , .SHELBY M.JACKSON Health. .S. J. PHILLIPS, M.D. Stecurities...... J. S. BROCK Highways.. R. B. RICHARDSO?! Taxation...... R. E. JACOBS Insurance.,...... WADE O. MIARTIN, JR.. Unemployment Insurance..... MARVIN THAMES Labor. EDWIN L SOULE Veterans. ,: ...... J. L, G01.SON Library (Law) ...... SELMA VILLARUBIA Welfare A. A. FREDERICKS -as MAINE Nickname... .The:Pine Tree State .Bird,...." Chickadee Motto. .,...... Dirigo (I Guide) Song .State of Maine Song-- Flower...... Pine Ccfne and Tassel Entered the Union March 15, 1820 Capital City...... \...... Augusta Maine, the northeastern tip of New Eng STATISTICS, V land, is. its largest State. The coastline, Area (square miles). 32,562 because of its maze of indentations, totals Rank in Nation .38th some 2,400 miles, approximately one-half Population (1950) .913,774 Rank in Nation (1950)...... v. 35th . ofthe entire Atlantic coastline of the United Density per square mile (1950). 29.4 States. The mountains sloping back from Number of Representatives in Congress...... 3* the seacoast reach a maximum altitude of- Fiscal Year 4?50 (ended June 30, 1950): 5,267 feet at Mt. Katahdin. Principal riv General Revenue. . .."..: S61,201,063t General Expenditures...... $61,811,435f. ers are the Androscoggin, Kennebec, . State University...... University of Maine Penobscot, and Piscataqua. ' Site .Orono • Portland and^the Auburn-Lewiston areas Capital City.. . . .Augusta are' the leading manufacturing centers. Population (1950)...... 20,913 : Rank in. State, .6th Maine's huge fprests cover 84 per cent of Largest City . . . . Portland its total land area, and the wood-using in Population (1950) 77,634 dustries employ about a third of all people Number of Cities and Towns over engaged in industry. Pulp, paper, and 10,000 Population. 13t Number of Counties .16 other wood products produced in 1948 •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figure* had a value in excess of S290 million. StateC!ontroller. Annual Report Cotton and woolen textiles, boots, and ! Includes two tovms over 10,000 population shoes accounted for an additional S360 million. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES In 1948 agricultural crops and livestock totaled an output of about S200 million. Legislative Resecirch Committee Coastal fisheries, which produce a large SAMUEL H. SLOSBERG percentage of the national catch of lob Director of Legislative Research sters, soft shell crabs, and herring sardines, Legislative Reference Section are an important part of the economy of State Library . the State. -i . MARION B. STUBBS, State Librarian - -.Maine's rugged seacoast and more than EDITH L. HARY .2,000 forest-rimmed lakes, glacial in ^rigin, '.Law and Legislative Reference Librarian form a favorite summer resort area; Fish The Legislative JR,esearch Committee and game are plentiful. Acadia National does research on legislative problems, is Park on Mt. Desert llfand and Baxter responsibleJor most of the bill drafting for Park at Mt..Katahdin are perennial tour the Legislature, and ma,intains a system of ist attractions. Sailing apd boating are continuous statutory revision.' The .Com favorite pastimes. mittee was established in 1944 and has ten Sebastian Cabot visited Maine in 1496 members, including three Senators and and in 1607 a settlement was made at seveh Representatives. The Legislative the mouth of the Kennebec. York (1642) Reference Section of the Stat^ Library was the first chartered city in America. maintains a general reference library and From 1652 to 1820 Maine formed a assists Legislators in research. . The Li-" part of Massachusetts. In the latter brary also maintains indexes and digests of .year it. was admitted to the Union as a past and pending legislation and a file of separate State. legislation introduced. , 50,4 MAINE OFFICERS ^. Governor ... .FREDERICK G. PAYNE Lieutenant Governor. None it Secretary of State .... HAROLD I. Goss Attorney Ger^eral .• .r..ALEXANDER A. LAFI^UR State Treasurer. FRANK S. CARPENTER ^ State Auditor...... FRED M. BERRY State Controller, . .HARLAN H. HARRIS MAINE SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT Chief Justice. . . .HAROLD H. MURCHIE FiNTe^Associate Justices Term .Seven years Appointed by Governor with advice and consent of the Council HON. CLARENCE S. CROSBY GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on FREDERICK ~G.-^ PAYNE ^ Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE / President of the Senate BURTON M; CROSS Speaixr of the House.. . WILLIAM S. SILSBY Secretary of the Sen.ate.. .CHESTER T. WINSLOW Clerklbf the House... .. HARVEY R. PEASE Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D..;..!.... 2 D...... 24 Senate.. 2 years First Wednesday. in January, biennially R...... 31 R.. . 126 House.. .2 years in odd years. Lengthi no Constitutional Total...... 33 Independent. 1 limit. . • Total... 151 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Menibers HAROLD L GOSS • CLARENCE S. CROSBY, Chairman C. STANTON GARVILLE FRANK E. SOUTHARD ARTHUR E. ELA • Ro'; OE J. GROVER, JR. DAVID H. STEVENS CLEVELAND SLEEPER, JR. R. CHAUNCEY, ROBBINS, JR. Ex-qfficio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEA^R^OF HOUSE ADMINISTRAilVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... GEORGE M. CARTER Library (State)..,:. MARION B; STUBBS Advertising. . . .; EVERETT GREATON Liquor Control. ... .BERNARD T. ZAHN Aeronautics. SCOTT K. HIGGINS Mental Health. MARGARET SIMPSON, M.D. Agriculture .... .'FkED J. NUTTER Motor Vehicles...... ;..... STANTON S. WEED Banking.. ...;....*. .HOMER E^ ROBINSON Old Age Assistance..,...... DAVID STEVENS Budget...... ',...... RAYMOND G. MUDOE Parks . . Jf.. .HAROLD J. DYER Civil Defense COL. SPAULDING BISBEE Parole .NORMAN U. GREENLAW Corporations. .BERNICE F. TIBBETTS Personnel... .\ ...... '. .OBER G. VAUOHAN Corrections. . . .;.,...;. '. .NORMAN U. GREENLAW Planning and Development.. .EVERETT GREATON Education ...... HARLAND A. LADD Police...... FRANCIS J. MCCABE Employment Service...... PAUL E. JONES Printing.. WILLIAM D. JARVIS Finance. . . . •.. .RAYMOND C, MUDGE Public Assistance...... PAULINE S. MCCLAY Fish and Game..' ::ROLAND H. COBB Public tJtilities and Railroads.FRANK E. SOUTHARD Food and Drugs.....-.. .. CLAYTON P. OSGOOD Purchasing ..HQMER M. ORR Forestry,...... :...... ALBERT D. NUTTING Secui-ities. HAL G. HOYT Geology.. J-. M. TREFETHEN Taxation ERNEST H. JOHNSON Health...... —. .DAVID H. STEVENS Unemployment Insurance.... .JOHN W. GREENE Highways...... Lucius D. BARROWS Veterans'. , ;FRED.W. ROWELL Insurance .GEORGE F. MAHONEY Water Resources...... M. R. STACKPOLE Labor., ...... '..... MARION MARTIN Welfare.... .• DAVID H. STEVENS . Library (Law)...... EDITH L. HARY Workmen's Compenisatiob.FRANK A. FARRINOTON r "«a > MARYLAND Nickname...-. .The Old Line State Flower...... Black-eyed Susan Motto...... Scuto Bonae Voluntatis-Bir d Baliirhore Griole Tuae Coronasti Nos (With the Shield of Thy Gdod-wili Song . .: Maryland, My Mdryland. Thou Hast Covered Us) Entered the Union. .April 28, 1788 Capital City...... Annapolis i^ Maryland, a. middle Atlantic State, has STATISTICS three distinct' topographical areas—the Area (square miles...... 9,881 Blue Ridge Mountains in the west, rising R.ank in Nation....;...... '.-... 41st to an altitude of 3,340 feet; a narrow band Population (1950). .2,343,001 Rankin Natipn (1950). .'. .24th of the Piedmont Belt; and a low, flat, coast Density per square mile (1950) .237.1 al plain. \ Number.of Representatives in Congress...... 7* Chesapeake Bay, an arm of the Atlantic Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Ocean and an important -inland waterj General State Revenue. . . . .".. .5178,575,000f General Expenditures. .5205,744,000} way,.bisects the State. The PotomacRiv- ,, State University...... , University of Maryland er forms the southern and western boun : Site...... -.Baltimore and College Park daries. .l^i^l-KB-Cli^j^^J.^^^ .Capital City . Annapolis In 1949 the value of farm crops approxi Population (1950) . .. 15,016 J Rank in State. .;...... :".6thi mated $242 million, with barley, corn, oats, • Largest City . . . ; . ; Baltimore wheat, hay, potatoes, and tobacco of great Population (1950) 940,205 j est importance. In the Piedmont Belt, a Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .11 j livestock area, horse breeding and poultry Number of Counties...... '....;... . ."^ .... .23 raising are important ii^dustries. Large *As allocated on basis of 1950 population-figures tU. S. Bureau of Census report '• numbers of sheep are raised in the western iBased on preliminary 1950 population figures section. Manufacturing is, however,, the State's chief business. Meat packing, tin LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES ware, clothing, iron, steel, shipbuilding, and food processing are among outstand Legislative Councik ing industries. Building stone, coal, and HORACE E. FLACK, Secretary clay are produced in considerable quan and Director of^Rifsearch^ tity.- Department of Legislative Reference Baltimore and Annapolis,, the home of HORACE E. FLACK," Director . . the United States Naval Academy, as well An inquiry service is maintained for all as the entire Chesapeake Bay area, are branches of government. A careful index points of special interest for tourists. Civil has been kept of each bill introduced into War battlegrounds are visited yearly by. the General Assembly, and of each or \'~many sightseers. dinance introduced into the city council The 3,200-acre Friendship International since 1908. It makes a sessional digest of; Airport at Baltimore was completed in bills by subject matter, and keeps a com 1950. prehensive card index. It drafts a large In 1632 Charles I of England granted to percentage of all. bills and ordinances, and Lord Baltimore a charter conveying rights is custodian of official records, documents, . over the area now contained in Maryland. and archives of the City of Baltimore. The The first'.settlement,. at St, Mary's, was Attorney General drafts purely, administra named after the Queen of England. In the tive measures. The Director of the De War of 1812 the British attack on Fort partment serves also as the Secretary and . McHenry 'was—th& inspiration for the Director of Research of the Maryland "Star Spangled Banner." Maryland was Legislative Council. A State Fiscal Re one of the thirteen original States in the search Bureau has been established as part Union. of the Legislative Reference Department. 506 • & MARTLAND 507 OFFICERS Governor... .THEODORE R. MQKELDIN Lieutenant Governor. ...?...;. .None /r Secretary of State...... JOHN R. REEVES Attorney General... . .HALL H/^MMOND State Treasurer. . . . .HOOPER S. MILES State Auditor JAMES L. BENSON State Comptroller-. .J. MILLARD TAWES -r MARYLAND COURT OF APPEALS Chief Judge ..;. . .OGLE MARBURY Five Associate Judges Term Fifteen years Elected by popular .vote HON. JOHN R. REEVES . GOVERNOR '. Chairman of the Commission on THEODORE R. MCKELDIN Intentate.Cpoperatioa LEGISLATURE President of the Senate.... .GEORGE W, BELLA - Speaker of the House. JOHN C. LUBER Secretary of the Senate..... G. ANDREW SHAAB Clerk of the^House RAYMOND H. MILLER • Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D ..... 18 D ..;...88 Senate. .4 years First Wednesday in January in odd .years; R...... ;: 11 R...... 35 House.. .4 years length: 90 days. Budget Session, first Total 29 . Total ..123 Wednesday in February iw even years; length: 30 days. COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members JOHN R. RESVES, Chairman STANFORD HOFF^ HENRY J. FOWUSR JAMES C. ALB AN BERNARD S. MELNICOVE . HENRY H. HANNA, JR. HALL HAMMOND LEROY W. PRESTON CHARLES M. SEE JAMES G, RENNIE JACOB R. RAMSBURG ALBERT L. SKLAR JOHN G. TURNBULL CHARLES A. THOMPSON Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE. GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE .S'tfcrf/flr;'; JOSEPH O'C.McCusKER ^ . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS , Adjutant General MILTON A. RECKORD Library (Archives)...... •;. MORRIS L. RADOFF Aeronautics .RICHARD A. JAMISON Library (Law)...... ; .NELSON J. MOLTE'R Agricukure...... v..;.:...... H. C. BYRD Library (State)...... LOUISE E. GOUPER Banking... ; WM, H. KIRKWOOD Liquor Control...... ROGER V. LAYNOR Budget .>.../...... JAMES G. RENNIE> Mental Health...... CUFTON T. PERKINS, M.D. Civil Defense. LT. Co't. DAVID G. MCINTOSH, JR. Mines!. .\...... FRANK J. POWERS Conservation. ARTHUR H. BRIGE Motor Vehicles..:...... THOS.B. R. MUDD Corporations i... ALBERT W. WARD Parks. .Jos. F. ICAYLOR~- Corrections...... ENOS S. STOCKBRIDGE Parole.....: A;. EARL SHIPLEY Drugs...... '.L. M; KANTNER,M.D. Personnel...... v ' .RUSSELL S. DAyis Education. .THOS. G. PULLEN Planning aiid Development.. .1. ALVIN PASAREW Employment Service.....; DAVID L. B. FRINGER Police, . , .ELMER F, MUN^HOWER Finance. . .J. O'G. MCCUSKER Printing WM. J. ZANDER, JR. Fire Marshal ....;.... HARVEY M. CHESNEY Public Assistance...... J. MILTON PATTERSON Fish and Game. Public Utilities and Railroads,. .ALBERT L. DEEN ...... ARTHUR H. BRICE, ERNEST A. VAUGHN Purchasing .ADAM J, UHL Food. , .C. S. BRINSFIELD Securities...... ALBERT W. WARD Forestry. H. C. BUCKINGHAM Taxation ....?...,.... .Jos. H. A. ROGAN Geology. .Jos. T. SINGEWALD, JR. Uiiemployment Insurance...... S. C. CROMWELL Health ROBERT H. RILEY, M.D. Veterans.;:...... 1 DAVID KAISER Highways ; RUSSELL H. MCCAIN Water Resources :... .jrT. SINGEWALD, JR. Insurance...... HARVEY M. CHESNEY Welfare .,...... J. M.'~PAtTERSON Labor. .[jos. F. DIDOMENICO Workmen's Comjjensation. ....',, ,MELVIN FINE MASSACHUSETTS J Nickname...... The Bay State Bird, Chickadee Motto...... Ense Pelit Placidam Sub Libertate Qiiietem Song ("unofficial). Massachusetts (By the Sword We Seek Peace, Tree. .Elm . but Peace Only.Under Liberty) • 1 .. • Flower. .Mayflower Entered theUnioniFebruary 6,1788 Capital City...... Boston Massachusetts, one of the thirteen origi STATISTICS nal States, is bordered on the east by a ;Area (square miles) .'. 7,839 broad Atlantic coastal plain that slopes , "R'aink in Nation...... ,44th upward and westward to the Connecticut Population (1950).. . . .;.. 4,690,514 valley and the Berkshires. The highest Rank in Nation (1950)...... 9th point is Mt, Greylock (3,535 feet). The . Density per square mild (1950)...... 598.3 principal rivers are the Connecticut, Number of Representatives in Congre^..... 14 * Hpusatonic, and Merrimack. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950j: In its economy Massachusetts is predbm- General Revenue...... 5362,392,0001 • inantly a manufacturing State. TJie value General Expenditures S432,788,000 f Institution of Higher Education of its textile products; principally cotton ..University of Massachusetts and woolen yard goods and clothing, ap Site...... Amherst proximated 'S750 million in 1947. The Capital City...... Boston State is an important center for ma.nufac- Population (1950) ..;..:... 790,8631 / ture of boots, sh|Jk,and tannery products, Rank in State. . . ..;.,. ,'. . lst| . these industries a'ccounting for more than Largest City...... BostonJ $326 million in production for 1947; In • Population (1950) .... . 790,863 j recent years electrical equipnient has also Number of; Cities and Towns become a very important manufacture. over 10,000 Population ...;... .89t§ Agricultural production, exceeded $170 Number of Counties. . . 14 : million in 1950. Marble anid granite are *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures leading mineral products, and ocean trans . fU. S. Bureau of Census report JBased on preliMnary 1950 fwpulation figures portation and fishing are important ele- §Includes 50 towns over 10,000 population . ments of the economy. Boston, the largest city, is the capital, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES with a population for 1950 of 790^863. It Legislative Reference Division is also one of the country's^^best known Massachusetts State Library - . V educational centers, a great fishing port, DENNIS A. DOOLEY, Librarian ;: and an important shipping point. ETHEL M. TURNER' The Berkshires and the Atlantic coast- ; .-Legislative Reference Librarian ; line form two well known resorti areas. Counsel to the House of Representatives : Cape Cod is a suihmer art and theater FREDERICK B. WILLIS •center. Tanglevvood, a: musical center, is •located in the Berkshires. • . Counsel to the Sienatc . : The first permanent colony settled at THOMAS R. BATEMAN I . Plymouth in 1620, and in 1630 the Puri The Legislative Reference Division car tans under John Winthrqp established ries on research. It is a part of the State Various colonies in. the coastal area. Some Tibrary which has a collection' of over of the historic battles of the Revolutionary 712,274 catalogued volumeis on a wide va AVar were fought in Massachusetts, which riety of subjects. The offices of the Counsel ; hzid bee A a leader in the movement for in to the House and the Counsel to the Senate ' ••- dependence. Many landmarks of national are agencies for drafting and revising bills historic interest are scattered through and for the continuous consolidation of the out the State. ' T laws. 08 ^ ^ \ . MASSACHUSETTS 509 OFFICERS Governor...;...... '. ./PAUL A. DEVER Lieutenant Governor-; ( CHARLES El JEFF SULLIVAN Secretary of State.;EDJV^ARD J. CRONIN Attorney General... FR'ANCIS E. KELLY State Treasurer JOHN E. HURLEY State Auditor..... THOMAS J. BUCKLEY State'Comptroller ...... ; FRED A. MONCEWICZ MASSACHUSETTS SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT Chief Justice STANLEY E. QUA Six Associate Justices Term During good behavior. HON. RICHARD H. LEE GOVKRNOR Appointed by Governor with advice Chairman^of the Commission on PAin. A. DKVZK . ' and consent of Council Interatate Cooperation \q. LEGISLATURE ' • Presiderft of the Senate... .RICHARD I. FORBUSH Speaker of the House... .THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR. Clerk of th'^^Senate ..... IRVING N. HAYDEN Clerk of the House LAWRENCE R. GROVE Senator^v Representatives Term Regular Session R •K-t.2 20 1 R.T > .11A-i/^6 Senateo—..- .2 oyear s Firs-n:—.t ,Wednesda IAT.J y1-_ i.n ;_January T , annually. D ...18 D... .124 House...2 years Length: no constitutional limit. Total.. 40 Total. .240 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members ROBERT T. BARNICLE RICHARD H. LEE, Chairman FRED A. BLAI^ WILLIAM H. ELLIS, JR. FRANCIS J. O'NEIL JAMES F. CONDON HAROLD F. GOOOINS SUMNER G. WHITTIER HOLLIS M. GOTT JOHN E. HURLEY • CliARLES F. HOLMAN EDV^TARDL. SCHWARTZ THOMAS F. REILLY JOSEPH M. THORNTON JOHN J. TOOMEY Secretary: PHILIP M. MARKLEY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General.^l WM. H. HARRISON, JR. Library (Archives). .^ RICHARD D: HIGGINS Administration... .i ...... THOMAS A. BUCKLEY Library (State and Law). DENNIS A. DOOLEY Advertising AMICO Ji BARONE Liquor Control. EDWARD L. BAKER Aeronautics CROCKER SNOW Mental Health .JACK R. EWALT, M.D. 9^ Agriculture HENRY T. BRODERICK Motor Vehicles RUDOLPH F. KING Banking , TIMOTHY J. DONOVAN Parks EDGAR L. GILUETT Budget WM. H. BIXBY Parole JAMES A. DONOVAN Civil Defense :...... JOHN F. STOKES Personnel. . .THOMAS J. GREEHAN Conservation' , .ARTHUR T. LYMAN Planning and Development Corporations HENRY F. LONG DANIEL P. MCGILUCUDDY Corrections MAXWELL B. GROSSMAN Police '....'. DANIEL I. MURPHY Education JOHN J. DESMOND, JR. Port Authority .JOHN M. BRESNAHAN Employment Service KENNETH V. MINIHAN Printing and Purchasing GEORGE J. CRONIN Equalization of Assessments..... HENRY F. LONG Public Assistance ROBERT P. CURRAN Fire Marshal...... EDWARD P. GILGUN Public Utilities and Railroads Fish^and Game ROBERT H. JOHNSON.; THOMAS A. FLAHERTY Food and Drugs GEORGE A. MICHAEL Public Works,., WM. F. CALLAHAN Forestry. RAYMOND J. KENNEY Securities HAROLD C. WHITE Health...... ;...... VLADO A. GETTING, M.D. Taxation. .HENRY F. LONG Highways ^ILLI'AM F. CALLAHAN Unemployment Insurance. .ARTHUR M. DIGNAN Housing,. .AL^ILUAM C. GEARY Veterans RICHARD F. TOBIN Income Tax...... ^^^ELMER E. GEORGE Water Resources...... RODOLPHE G. BESSETTE Insurance...... /^DENNIS E. SULLIVAN Wclfere PATRICK A. TOMPKINS Labor. JOHN J. DELMONTE Workmen's Compensation.. .EUGENE F. GIROUX •"..•• '•;•.•• \ '^ MICHIGAN Nickname... .The Wolverine State Bird .Rabin M°"° ^' Q^°'"i P'ninsulam So„g (unofficial) ' • '^' AmoenarnCircumspice ...... Michigan, My Michigan (If You Seek a Pleasant Peninsula, y, , , T Look Around You) Entered the. Umon.January 26,1837 Flower .Apple Blossom Capital City\ .....' Lansing" Michigan, a north central State bordered STATISTICS by Canada, is cut by Lake Michigan into Area (square miles) -...."•.. .57,022f two parts. The upper peninsula, rugged Rank in Nation. , 21st and hilly, is the source of iron ore, cop per, and timber for which the State is not Population (1950) '. .6,371,766 ed. The lower peninsula is an undulating Rank in Nation (1950): .7th and fertile plain, which, produces most of Density, per square mile (1950). . . : 111.7 the.farm crops: corn, wheat, hay, potatoes, Number of Representatives in Congress 18 * and fruits. It is also the headquarters of Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): America's great modern automotive in General Revenue .*; $608,827,0001 dustry, centered in Detroit, the State's General Expenditures $655,943,000 f largest city. Although one-half of the land State University. University of Michigan area was farmed ip 1948, Michigan is not Site. . .'••.. .' Ann Arbor primarily agricultural, for almost 50 per Michigan State Cbllcge East Lansing, cent of all persons employed are in indus Capital City...... ,„,„.Xansing try. Besides automobiles, the important Population (1950).;...... ;T''... . .91,694 J manufactured products are. paper, drugs, Rank in State. .6th j machine tools, furniture, and chemicals. Largest City Detroit f/ Population (1950). .1,838,517/1 The Muskegon, Grand, St. Joseph, Man Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .55 J istee, and Kalamazoo are the largest riv ?•• Number of Counties ; ..../. 83 ers. Four of the Great Lakes give Michigan the longest coastline of any State in the •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ' Union and afford fine water transporta-- fU. S. Bureau of Census report / tion. The Sault Ste. Marie carries an tBased on preliminary 1950 population figures / annual tonnage in excess of that carried by iboth the Suez and. Panama canals. • - . • /• ; LEGISIiATIVE SERVICE AbENCY Michigan offers the vacationer many and varied attractions: the rugged and Legislative Service Bureau forested a"rea of the upper peninsula, Isle EUGENE F. SHARKOFF, Director Royale in Lake Superior, Mackinac Is . MRS. FRANCES F. RyovcE land, the 11,000 glacial lakes, and,the Chief, Bill Drafting Section Great Lakes shoreline. The spring tulip festival at Holland draws thousands of JAMES A. AVI^EN visitors annually. Chief, Research Section The first permanent settlement in the The Bureau does/legislative research ^ State was made by Marquette in 1668, and work and bill drafting, maintains an in he was followed by La Salle and Cadillac, quiry service, a compilation of statutes and who founded Detroit as a center of the fur numerous other Services to Legislators trade. Until 1760 the territory formed a and government^epartments. part of New France, but in 1783, at the Advisory Board^Htnry M, Butzel, Fred I. conclusion of the Revolution, it was ac Chase, Harry F.Hittle, Edward Hutchin quired by the United States, eventually son, Norman yrhilleo, Howard R. Carroll, (becoming a part of the Northwest Terri- E, Blythe Srason, Edson R. Sunderland, ' tory. In 1837 Michigan entered the Union. and Joseph/E. Warren. 510 't , :-m- MICHIGAN 511 OFFICERS Govern<;^r .G. MENNEN VVILLIAMS ^- Lieutenant Governor .. /. .WM. C. VANDENBERO Secretary of State T. M. ALGER, JR. Attorney General.. FRANK G. MILLARD State Treasurer...... D. HALE BRAKE Auditor General. .JOHN B. MARTIN, JR. State Controller R. F. STEADMAN MICHIGAN SUPREME COURT Chief Justice . .,NEIL E. REID Seven Associate Justices HON. ROBERT F. STEADMAN GOVKRNOR Term. : .Eight years Chairman of the Commuaion on G. MENNEN WILLIAMS Elected by popular vote Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. . . WM. C. VANDENBERO Speaker, of the House .VICTOR A. KNOX President Pro Tem Speaker Pro Tem of the Senate...... DON VANDER WERP of the House BERT j. STOREY Secretaryof the Senate. .FRED L CHASE Clerk'of the House. .NORMAN PHILLEO Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D 7 . D...... 34 Senate. .2 years First Wednesday in January, biennially R..;.....:. .25.. R.. 66 House. ..2 ye^s in odd years. Length: no constitutional Total...... 32 Total 100 limit. ' COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Memberis Senate Members House Members ^ ROBERT F. STEADMAN, CAafrwan G, ELWOOD BONINE Louis E. ANDERSON FRED M. ALOER, JR. HARRY F. HITTLE ROLLO G. CONLIN D. HALE BRAKE HASKELL L. NICHOLS . ARNELL ENGSTROM MAURICE C. EVELAND ELMER R. PORTER - T. JEFFERSON HOXIE FRANK G. MILLARD DON VANDER WERP LOUIS MEZZANO Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERN OR,, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE Secretary: Mrs. MELITA LANNING " . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General.. GEORGE C. MORAN Library. (Law)...... CHARLOTTE DUNNEBACKE Administration ;...... ROBERT F. STEADMAN Library (State) .MRS. L. D. FYAN Aeronautics. LESTER J. MAITLAND Liquor Control .GEORGE J. BURKE, JR. Agriculture CHARLES FIUY >lental Htralth CHARLES F. WAGG Bajiking : • • • • • • •. M. C. EVELAND Motor Vehicles .LEE C. RICHARDSON Budget FRANK M. LANDERS Oil and Gas. C. E. MILLAR Civil Defense .LESTER J. MATTLAND Parks A,RTHUR C. ELMER Conservation. .-.• .GERALD E. EDDY Parole. .Gus HARRISON Corporations. .JOHN R. DYKEMA iFJersonnel...... :... > ARTHUR G. RASCH Corrections ERNEST G. BROOKS Planning and Development...... DON C. WEEKS Education LEE M. THURSTON Police. .DONALD S. LEONARD Employment Service. .O. K. FJETLAND Printing and Purchasing. .J. STANLEY BIENI Fire Marshal...;...... ARNOLD C. RENNER" Public Utilities and Railroads Fish ...... ;.. .F. A. WESTERMAN ...... JOHN H. MCCARTHY Forestry .G. S. MCINTIRE Purchasing...... ;...... J. STANLEY BIEN Game...... H. D. RUHL Securities...;.... JOHN R. DYKEMA Geology. FRANKLING. PARDEE Taxation ...... Louis' M. NIMS Health...... ALBERT E. HEUSTIS, M.D. Unemployment Insurance.... .MAX E. HORTON Highways , CHARLES ZIEGLER Veterans LAWRENCE J. LALONE Insurance...... ; .JOSEPH NAVARRE Water Resources...... MILTON P. ADAMS Labor .JOHN REID Welfare. WILLARD J. MAXEY Library (Archives).;...... LEWIS BEESON Workmen's Compensation .JAMES L. HILL r\ MINNESOTA Nickname...... The Gopher State Bird (unofficial) American Goldfinch Motto...... DEtoUe duKord „ TT ,,i^- ' (The Star of the North) Song...... Haz/./Mm«^xo/a Flower Moccasin Flower Entered the Union. .May 11, 1858 Capital City ... ..St. Paul Minnesota, on the Canadian border, is a The French first explored the area about rolling prairie in the south and west, bor 1655, establishing forts and fur-trading dered on the north by extensive pine for posts. In 1763 the territory east of the ests. In the northeastern section the hills of Mississippi was ceded to the British, who the Mesabi and Misquah ranges reach an retained it until after the War of 1812. elevation of 2,230 feet. The State contains The area west'of the river was acquired by more than 11,000 glacial lakes. . the United States as part of the.Louisiana Three great river systems originate with Purchase of 1803. Minnesota was admitted in the State: the Mississippi, draining the to the Union in 1858. southern two-thirds and emptying into the Gulf of Mexico; the Red of the North, STATISTICS flowing into Hudson Bay; and numerous Area (square miles). .80,009 streams emptying into the St. Lawrence Rank in Nation 13th through Lake Superior. All.three systems Population (1950) 2,982,483 are valuable sources of water power. The Rank in Nation (1950)..:, ., ..", .,18th Density per square mile (1950) 37.3 Mississippi and Lake Superior give im Number of Representatives in Qjngress ^^ 9 * portant transportation facilities. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): . The State, primarily agricultural, had a General Revenue. .' 5262,323,000f cash.farm income of $1,164,558,000, in, General Expenditures .$335,005,000} 1950. Almost. 22 million acres are under State University. ... . University of Minnesota cultivation. Principal crops are flax, oats, Site .Minpeapolis corn, barley, rye, j hay, soybeans, wheat, Capital City ...... Saint Paul potatoes, livestock\and poultry products. Population (1950) 309,474$ Dairying is also a Iticrative farm industry. Rank ia State 2ndt Largest City Minneapolis! Economically important are food prod Population (1950)...... ; -.517,277$ ucts (especially meat packing and flour), Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.... .21 machinery, printing, wearing apparel, Number of Counties. 87 stone, clay, glass, and paper products. •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures Total value of manufactures for 1947 was tU. S. Bureau of Census report $1,024,000,000. The iron ore tonnage was IBased on preliminary 1950 population figures 70 per cent of national production in 1948. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY Minneapolis and St. Paul, at the head of navigation on the Mississippi, form one Legislative Research Committee of the country's large metropolitan cen Loms.C. DoRWEiLER, JR., Director of Research ters, and Minneapolis is the site of the The 1947 Legislature designated a'iRe- world's largest flour mills. Rochester is-a search Committee to render legislative famous medical center and Duluth a great reference service. This Committee is em inland harbor. ; _. powered to compile and assemble informa . The Superior National Forest, the State tion on any subject before the Legislature. parks, and the numerous glacial lakes are' Its primary purpose is to gather informa well known vacation resorts, with abun tion and provide material to be used by dant fishing and hunting. the Legislators in their work. 512 / • MINNESOTA •^13 OFFICERS Governor...... C. ELMER ANDERSON Lieutenant Governor ;.:. (Vacancy) Secretary of State. . .-.MIKE HOLM Attorney General.. .J. A, A. BURNQUIST State Treasurer.. .VALDIMAR BJORNSON State Auditor. STAFFORD KING MINNESOTA i SUPREME COURT Chief Justice CHARLES LORINO Six Associate Justices e Term Six years Elected by popular vote HON. M. J. HOFFMAN UOVBKNOR Chairman of the Commisston on C. ELMER ANDERSO.V Interstate Cooperation V LEGISLATURE President of the Senate ..(Vacancy) President Pro Tern of . Speaker of the House...... JOHN A. HARTL'E the Senate. A. O. SLETVOLD Clerk of the House G. H. LEAHY Secretary of the Senate .H. Y. TORREY Senators Representatives Term Regular Session Total. .;... .67 • Total. .... ,131 Senate..4 years Tuesday after first Monday in January, . Hoiise...2 years biennially in odd; years. Length: 90 days. COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Miemt Senate Members House Members M. J. HOFFMAN, CJnufman VALIMM J. A. A>JDERSON EARL L. BERG, Secy. A. R, JOHANSON LEONARD A. JOHNSON J. W. CLARK GORDON ROSENMEI^ CLARENCE G. LANGLEY \ MYRON W. CLARK A. O. SLETVOLD P: KENNETH PETERSON JEORGE SJOSELIUS. THOMAS P. WELCH ROY SCHULZ Ex-officto Honorary Members:TH E GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General .JOSEPH E. NELSON Library (State and.Law) JOSEPHINE W. SMITH Administration EARL L. BERG Liquor Control. DUDLEY C. ERICSON Advertisiiig...... -...... JAMES W, CLARK Mental Health .RALPH RO^EN, M.D. Aeronaiitifcs L. L. SCHROEDER Mines. RAY D.NOLAN Agriculture. MYRON W. CLARK Motor Vehicles J- P- BENOTSON Banking. .}•.....'..:... A. W. HOESE Old Age Assistance...... JOHN W. POOR Budget EARL L. BERG Parks...... :. LEW E. FIERO Civil Defense. .ERNEST MILLER Parole. ; GORDON S. JAECK Conservation...;...... CHESTER S. WILSON Personnel.. '.:. .ROBERT D. STOVER Corporations. MIKE HOLM Planning and Development... .JAMES W. CLARK Corrections. .CARL J. JACKSON Police EARL M. LARIMER Education .D. M. SCHWEICKHARD Printing .HERMAN A. MYER Employment Service A. MERRILL ANDERSON Public Utilities arid Railroads B'ire Marshal..."...... A. HERBERT NELSON ./..'.', ;.CLIFFORD C PETERSON Fish and Game. FRANK D. BLAIR Purchasing ...,....._ P. T. PETERSON Forestry. CLARENCE PROUT Securities THEODORE N. OFSTEDAHL Geology. RAY D. NOLAN Taxation. G, HOW^ARD SPAETH Health...... , ..A.J. CHESLEY, M.D. Unemploymentlnsurance. D.' M. ANDERSON iHighways. . .M.J. HOFFMANN Veterans WM. E. REVIER Housing. ..i. ,, STUART. ROTHMAN Water Resources..'.. — ,S. A. FRELLSEN Insurance A. HERBERT NELSON Welfare JARLE LEIRFALLOM Labor...... A. E. RAMBERO Workmen's Compensation Library (Archives^.;...... DAN Kmc .... .NORBERT WUXWERSCHEIO MISSISSIPPI Nickname.... .The Magnolia State Bird Mockingbird Motto Viriiite et Arrriis Song.. Mississippi (By Valor and Arms) Entered the Union Flower./. Magnolia .December 10, 1817 Capital City. ....<. .Jackson Mississippi, a State of the cotton belt, is alternately claimed by French, Spanish, bordered on the south by the Gulf of liiex- and English, but the claims^^of the United ico. From the highest point, 806 feet, in States were finally recognized and Mis the northeast corner, the surface slopes sissippi was admitted into the Union in west and south to the Mississippi River 1817. and the gulf coast. Much of the Mississippi valley lies below flood level and is protected STATISTICS . by a series of levees. Low marshes border Area (square miles) .47,248 the gulf. The Mississippi, Yazoo, Pearl, Rank in Nation 30th and Tombigbee are the largest rivers. Population (1950)...... 2,178,914 Agriculture is the State's leading busi Rank in Nation (1950) ;...... 26th ness, and cotton its chief crop. The largest Density per square mile (•1950)...... ;.. .46.1 cotton plantation in the United States, Number of Representatives in Congress...... 6* 35,000 acres, is located at Scott. Other im Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 195Q): portant farm products are corn, oats, General Revenue ...... $130,656,000 f vegetables, tung nuts, and pecans. Dairy General Expenditures $140,673,000 j' ing is a growing industry. Total value of State University. University of Mississippi farm products in 1945 was $647,562,141. Site . . . .' .Oxford The Delta, between the Yazoo and the Capital City .Jackson Mississippi, is the most highly productive Population (1950) ...... : 97,674 J farming area. Forestry protiucts~are an Rank in'State...... ' ,...... 1st J important source of revenue. Petroleum, Largest City Jackson natural gas, limestone, coal, and clay are Population (1950) ...... 97,6741 the principal mineral resources. Oil was Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.... 15 J discovered in,the State in 1939, and since Number of Counties ... .82 that time it has become one of the leading oil and gas producing areas. In the last *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ten years the growth of industry has been tU. S. Bureau of Census report rapid. Timber and cotton products, tex {Based on preliminary 1950 population figures tiles, and clothing are the leading manu factures. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY The-gulf coast area is a well known year-around vacation resort, and the State Library beautiful ante-bellum homes found in many MRS. JULIA BAYLIS STARNES, Librarian parts of the State are, perennially interest An extensive legal and general reference ing to tourists. During the spring festival library is maintained,, andj during legisla- , at Natchez many of these homes are open tive sessions, special attention is .given to to visitors. legislative work. A source bibliography is In 1540 the Spaniard De Soto explored kept, as well as a comprehensive file of the northern part of the area now Missis current legislative problems. Bill drafting sippi and he was followed in 1673 by a is done by the Attorney General's Office. . French expedition led by Marquette and There is no official legislative reference Joliet. The first European settlement was department, but the State Librarian is made in 1699 on Biloxi Bay. The area was elected by the Legislature. 514 MISSISSIPPI 515 OFFICERS Governor .HUGH WHITE Lieutenant Governor. CARROLL GARTIN Secretary of State!. .HEBER A. LADNER Attorney General. .... J. P. COLEMAN State Treasurer -. . .. NEWTON JAMES State Auditor...... WILUAM D. NEAL MISSISSIPPI SUPREME COURT Chief Justice...... HARVEY MCGEHEE Five Associate Justices Term,. .;...... Eight years Elected by popular vote HoN.J^WRSNCB ADAMS GOVERNOR Chairman 'of the Commission on HUGH WHITE Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate SAM E. LUMPKIN . President Pro Ten! of the Senate Speaker of the House., WALTER SILLERS OSCAR O. WOLFE, JR. Clerk of the House.... , .ROMAN KELLY. Secretary of the Senate ...... MRS. HALLA MAY PATTISON Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D...... 48 D ;140 Senate. .4 years Tuesday after first Monday in January, ! - Vacancy.:... 1 - Total 140 House... 4 years biennially in even years. Length: no con Total...... 49 • stitutional-limit. ' COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Member. Senate Members ' Poiise Members HUGH WHITE LAWRENCE ADAMS, Chairman /ILLIAM F. WINTER Governor HUGH A. BOREN jiH. CHERRY DECATUR P. BIJTLER B/^. DUCKWORTH THOMAS R. ETHRIDGE, Seey. E. P. HARDEE STANTON A. HALL JACK WALLEY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General... .• WM. P. WILSON Library (Archives) WILLIAM D. MCCAIN Advertising. W. E. BARKSDALE Library (State and Law) ' . . - Aeronautics. G. A. MOORE ...... MRS. JULI.A BAYLIS STARNES Agriculture. , ;. .S. E. CORLEY Mental Health R. G. STOVALL Banking ., G. T. JOHNSON Motor Vehicles .GUY MCCULLEN Budget...... W. N. MCGEE Oil and Gas H. M. MORSE Civil Defense...... WALTER SPIVA Old Age Assistance W. F. BOND Commerce , S. E. CORLEY Parks ALBERT A. LEGETT Corporations .HEBER LADNER Parole CARL H. EVERETT Drugs. M. P. ETHEREDGE lanning and Development... . W. E. BARKSDALE 'Education...... ! .J. M. TUBE ?olice . . T. B. BIRDSONG Employment Service. .C. B. CAMERON Printing. •...,...... HEBER LADNER Equalization of Assessments A. Hi STONE Public Assistance...... W. F. BOND Fire Marshal...... J. D. MCDONALD Public Utilities and Railroads... HOMER GASTEEL Fish and Game....;.. R. M. FREEMAN Securities HEBER LADNER. Food., — • F- J- UNDERWOOD, M.D. Ta.xation.. :. MRS. THOMAS L. BAILEY Forestry ALBERT A. LEGETT Uneroiployment Insurancd...... C. B. CAMERON Geology..'. W. C. MORSE Veterans. R. H. DEKAY Health,...... F. J. UNDERWOOD, M.D. Water Resources W. G. MORSE, M.D. Highways.. :•...... T. G. ROBBINS Welfare. ,...... ; ,. ...W. F. BOND Insurance. .WALTER DELL DAVIS Workmen's Compensation...... JOHN CRAIG X MISSOURI Nickname.... .The Show-Me State Bird. .Bluebird Motto. Salus Populi Suprema Lex Esto (Let the Welfare of the People Song .Missouri Waltz Be the Supreme Law) Entered the Union.. August 10,1821, Flower Hawthorn t* Capital City. ,. .Jefferson City Missouri, a middle tvestern State, is di STATISTICS vided intotwo widely different topographi cal areas: the north, the west, and the Area (square miles)...... '."...... 69,226 southeast form a rich farming country; the Rank in Nation .. . .17th central and southwestern sections are the Population (1950) 3,954,653 rugged and hilly area of the Ozark Moun- • Rank in Nation (1950) . . . . .11th tains. The Mississippi and the Missouri, Density per square mile (1950)...... 57.1 the principal rivers, are iwip'ortaiit high Number ofRepresentatives in Congress..... 11 * ways of freight and passenger traffic. . Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Total cash farm income for 1949 ex General Revenue. .. ..-....$273,23l.OOOf ceeded $949 milHon, outstanding produc General Expenditures S275,l 35,000 f State University...... University of Missouri tion including corn, soybeans, wheat, live stock, and poultry. Some cotton is grown Site . . i Columbia in the southeast; Mineral resources are ex Capital City...... Jeffqrson City Population (1950) ;...... 24,990 J tensive, including lead, coal, building stone, Rankin State ....:...... 9thj and zinc. Manufactures are many and Largest City .St. Louisf varied: meat packing; wearing apparel, Population (1950) 852,6231 shoes -and other leather products, portland Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. . .28 j cement, stone, clay, and glass"-products^ Number of Counties. .114 paints and varnishes. The Ozark Mountains are one of the *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures best known resort areas of the Middle West . fU. S. Bureau of Census report and other regions attract tourists, includ {Based on preliminary 1950 population figures ing Hannibal and its environs, of special interest because of their connection with LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY the early life of Mark Twain. The State contains many sites of prehistoric arid his Committee on Legislative Research toric interest, among them numerous In WILLIAM R. NELSON, Director of Research dian :mounds. EDWARD D. SUMMERS, Revispr of Statutes The first permaneht European settle Miss ETHEL KAGENER, Librarian ments iri Missouri were made at. St. Gene- The Committee on Legislative Research vieve^(1735) and at St. Louis (176'4) by is a permanent joint committee of the the French. The periods of alternate Span General Assembly composed of teii rhem- ish and French domination were terr^i- bers of the Senate and ten members of .the nated when the area came under the con House. Established by law, it is now a trol of the United States as part of the constitutional agency by virtue of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. In the. period adoption of a new State constitution on of middle western development in the February 27^ 1945. It has a technically nineteenth century the Mississippi and the trained staff to give4iiembers of the Gen Missouri rivers were among the most im eral Assembly a research service and a bill portant national highways of river traffic. drafting service. It also maintains a legis Missouri entered the Union as a State in lative library for members of the Legisla 1821. ture and the publip. . v 516 V \ MISSOURI 517 OFFICERS [ Governo'r....;.. FORREST SMITH Lieutenant Governor ..<:....• .JAMES T. BLAIR, JR. Secretary of State ; WALTER H. TOBERMAN Attorney General ,:J. E. TAYLOR State Treasurer...... M. E. MpRftis State:Auditor. . „-W. H.,. HOLMES MISSOURI : SUPREME COURT Chief Justice. I. . GEORGE ROBE ELLISON . Si.x Assc>ciate Justices Term; -. Teh years Elected by popular vote • HON. WILLIAM M. QuiNN • GOVERXOR Chairman of' the Comminion on FORREST SMIT^ Interstate Cooperation " . LEGISLATURE President of the Senate.... .JAMES T. BLAIR, JR.' "Secretary of the Senate...... JOSEPH A. BAUER President Pro Tem of the Senate ' Speaker of the House...... ROY HAMLIN ...... ;...... WILLIAM M. QUINN Clerk of the House... y RAY FORDHAM Senators Representatives . Term Regular Session D^.V.r 21 D...... 86 Senate..4 years Wednesday after January first, biennially R...... 13 R...... 68 House. ..2 years in odd years. Length: no constitutional Total. 34 Total. 154 limit. . • COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Meiribers • House Members G. H. BATES WILLIAM M. QUINN, Chairman MILTON F. DUVALL , H. H, MOBLEY JOHN W. NOBLE . ROY W. MCGHE^ ,.. MORRIS E. OSBORN MICHAEL KINNEY • • FLOYD Li.SNYDER, SR. E. L. PiGO EDWARD V. LONG GEORGE A. SPENCER J. E.TAYLOR R. JASPER SMITH 'L. A. VONDERSCHMIDT Ex-qfficio Honorary Members:TH E GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE .S^ffrf/ay; WILLIAM R. NELSON ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... ;... .JOHN A. HARRIS Library (State)...... PAXTON P. PRICE Aeronautics. LEE LAMAR Liquor Control. COVELL-R. HEWITT Agriculture...... ROBERT T. THORI^BURO Mental Health...... ". .B. E. RAOLAND, Banking...... HA&RY G. SHAFFNER Mines...... CHARLES KEITH Budget, .ELMER L. PIGG Motor Vehicles. •. . .. OLEN B. CURTIS Civil Defense. ...RALPH,W. HAMMOND Oil and Gas...... LAWRENCE O. CAMPBELL Conservation...... IRWIN T. BODE Parks ..;...... ABNER GWINK Corporations W. RANDALL SMART Parole...... EUGENE W. COUEY Corrections. -.B. M. GASTEEL Personnel...... RALPH J. TURNER Education..,...... HUBERT WHEELER Planning and Development... /. .H. H. MOBLEY Employment Service CHARLES A. RICKER Police. : .D. E. HARRISON Fish and Game .IRWIN T. BODE Printing and Purchasing...... LEO J. CLAVIN Food zmd Drugs...... JAMES L. ROWLAND Public Assistance. PROCTOR N.- CARTER Forestry...... GEORGE O. WHITE. Public Utilities and Railroads.. .MORRIS.OSBURN Geolpgy E.DW. L. GLAR.K Securities .;..... W. RANDAM. SMART Health. .BUFORD HAVOLTON Taxation.....;.,...,.;.. .CLARENCE A. EVANS Highways REX M. WHITTON Unemployment Insurance.. .CHARLES A. RICKER Insurance. .LAtJRENCE LEGOETT Veterans ; GEORGE M. REED Labor;., ;...... L. L. DUNCAN Water Resources. EDW. L. CLARK Library (Archives)...... FLOYD G. SHOEMAKER Welfare...... i W. ED JAMESON Library (Law). ,..' Miss JOHNNIE RINER. Workmen's Compensation...'"...SPENCER GWENS %.. .:•:•:.•:MONTANA-: ; ,Nicknamfe.... .The Treasure State Bird.:-; Meadowlark • • Uoito.Oroy Plata (Gold and Silver) Song (official)..-...... :Montana Entered the Union Flower. Bittcrroot ...... November 8, 1889 Capital City...... Helena Montana is a Rocky Mountain State, recorded exploration was made in 1805 bounded on the north by Canada. The by Lewis and Clark. For the next fifty eastern two-thirds, a part of the Great years the mountain area was exploited by, Plains, is a farming and grazing region. fur traders. Discovery of gold in. 1858'and Tl^e west is rugged and mountainous. Be late'r of copper and silver, caused a rush of tween the ranges lie broad valleys, many immigration and the de.velopmqnt" of a containing glacial lakes. The area west of great mining region. Montana' was ad the Continental Divide is drained princi mitted to the Union in 1889. pally by the Clark Fork of the Columbia. The Missouri and its tributaries drain the STATISTICS. plains area lying east of the Rockies. Area (square miles) 145,878 Much of the farm land is irrigated. Rank in Nation ...... rr:. . . 3rd Cash value of farm crops for 1949 approx . Population (1950)...... 591,024 imated $301 million, and thfe cropped Rank in Nation (1950).: ...... ;...... 42nci Density per square mile (1950). . . .4.1 acreage approached 8.5 million acres. Number of Representatives in Congress. * .•!; .2* Whekt, barley, oats, corn,rye, hay, pota Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): toes, flax, and sugar beets are principal , General Revenue...... ;..... 557,273,0001 .products. The mountain valleys, when General Expenditures . . . $60,550,000.} State University. .• / . .Montana State University irrigated, grow excellent apples and other Site. '...... ;.....,...... Missoula small fruit. Cattle and sheep are raisbd on Capital City . . . Helena the plains. The State has about 15 million . Population (1950); . .. ;...... ; .17,4981 acres of wooded area, approximately 75 Rank in State ; ... .5tht • Largest City...... •. .Great Falls j per cent lying in thcipational forests..,, • Population (1950)..., .39,006$ . Although mining is second in impor Number of-Cities over 10,000 Population...... 7 j tance to agriculture, Montana produces Number of Counties...... '\...... 56 '—• ^^>.-;^' •• more than 50 per cent of all the Nation's • •As allocated on.b.isis of 1950 population figure? . - capper output, and ranks second in silver fU. S. Bureau of Census report . T i Based on preliminary 1950 population figures production. Other valuable minerals in clude gold, manganese ore,""lead, petro leum, and natural gas. '>--' LEGISLATIVE SERVICE /AGENCY Manufactures, based principally on the Legislative Reference Bureau minerals and farm crops, include ore smelt-. State Law Library | ing, food processing, cabinet ,work and „.- ADELINE J.. CLARKE, LibrarK^n other lumber goods, and the.preparation .•TTherBu'reau performs library service and of arsenious oxide. legislative research for Legislators and The rugged and picturesque mountains State officials. A file is kept of all bills offer varied yacation attractions: hunting, introduced, and an index is prepared at fishing, m"ountain climbing, skiing. Gla the end of the sessidh. The law clerks fiar cier National Park is a renowned tourist „the Legislature use. the facilities of the attraction. The Fort Peck recreational . Library and the Bureau in their bill draft- area aind Fla:thead Lake'are among other xngT The.,.Librarian and Reference Li vacation centers. * brarian assist in matters ofVesearch^and-in . The French fur trader Verendrye prob-^ ^'helping the legislative clerks to secure in- ably entered the area in 1742. The next formariori heeded in their work. / _ 518 ..v-T- ^J MONTANA 519 OFFICERS Governor.; JOHN W; BONNER Lieutenant Governor.. A. PAUL CANJ^ON Secretary of State.. .SAM C. MITCHELL Attorney General... ARNOLD H, OLSEN State Treasurer...... JOHN- E. HENRY State Auditor . .JOHN.J. HOLMES State Controller.. . . :. A. M. JOHNSON MONTANA SUPREME COURT a Chief Justice./...... HUGH R. ADAIR Four Associate .Justices Term • . • Six years • Elected l?y popular vote ' HON. W. L. FITZSIMMONS . GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on JOHN W. BONNER Intergovernmental Cooperation > . LEGISLATURE President of the Senate.:...;...... /PAUL CANNON President Pro Tem of the Senate- Speaker of the House...... ', ORY J. ARMSTRONG THOMAS M, ROSS Clerk of the House...... '. . .LEWIS R. KNOX Secretary of the Senate. .;;.. .Lou E. BRETZKE Senators Represeritatives Term - Regular Session R....V..... 28 R.;...... 49 Senate..4 years ' First Monday in January, biennially in odd D...... 26 D...... 41 ' House.. .2 years years. Length: 60 days. Independent. .2 Total...... 90 56 COMMISSION ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members . House Members W. L. FITZSIMMONS, Chairman ROBERT COTTOIJ RICHARD NDCON . F^D BUCK RAY KELLY WALTER SAGUNSKY TROY CARMICHAEL E. F. PARRIOXT J. K SEIFERT ARisioLD rt. OLSEN . J. FRED TOMAN R. G. SYKES E. A. REUTERDAHL W. WEYDEMEYER Lovrrr WESTLAKE Ex-officio Honorary Afembers: THE, GOVERNOR, PR3ESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General....]. i....., S. H. MITCHELL Library (Law).. .• MRS. ADELINE J. CLARKE Advertising.. :•.'...... ;,... .ALBERT ERICKSON Library (Historical Society).... .K. Ross TOOLE Aeronautics. FRANK WILEY Liquor Control .R. M. O'HEARN Agriculture. .;.... ALFRED R.'ANDERSON Mental Health .R^ J. SPRATT^ M.D. Banking ... W. A. BROWN Mines...... BAXTER LARSON Budget ..,..,....;.... E. A. REUTERDAHL Motor Vehicles...... Lou BOEDECKER Civil Defense...... ,LT. COL. MCKINNEY Parks. .WALTER R. RANKIN Conservation... 77'. '. .FRED BUCK Parole...... ;... .W. L. FITZSIMMONS Corporations...... CLIFFORD WALKER Personnel. . '.....MELVIN P. MARTINSON Corrections. . r-. ;... W. L. FITZSIMMONS Planning and Development... .JOHN W. BONNER; Education ; ;...... MARY CONDON Police...... ;...... ;...... E. H. ENGLUND Employment Service...... i... .M. JOE MILLER Public Utilities and Railroads. .V.PAUL T. SMITH Fire Marshal ARTHUR G, PARSONS Purchasing. A. M. JOHNSON Fish and Game..; .R.H. LAMBETH Securities...... JOHN j. HOLMES Forestry...... -.:..'...'...... RUTLEDGE PARKER •Taxation. ARCHIE E. SIMON Gfiology .:....• J. R. VAN PELT Unemployment Insurance. M. JOE MILLER Health. ;.G. D; CARLYLJE.THOMPSON, M.D. Veter^iis...... EUGENE CALLAGHAN Highways...... HARRY SODERBERO Water Resources...... ,...... FRED BUCK Insurance. .JOHN J. HoLrtES Welfare ...... ,.... .NELS BRIOOS Labor...:...... ROBERT BROWN Workmen's Compensation.....; BAXTER LARSON NEBRASKA Nickname.. .The Cornhusker State • Bird ..... r. .Western Meadowlark Motto. . .\.. Equality Before the Law Song...... (Four unofficial) Flower...... Goldenrbd Entered the Union. .March 1, 1.867 - Capital City. ..Lincpin' Nebraska, near the geographical center souri River to the Rocky Mountains, and of the United States, is principally an un its overland trails were followed by most dulating plain, sloping gradually from the . of the early American exphDr-ers, among northwest to the southeast. The northern, them Lewis and Clark (1804), Pike (1806), western, and eastern borders of the plain Lisa. (1807), Long (1819), and Fremont" are broken by hill§. Buttes are scattered (1824). The State .was admitted to the throughout the plains region. The State is Union in 1867. drained by the Missouri and its tributaries, chief of which is the Platte, a wide and STATISTICS shifting stream, so shallow that some parts Area (square miles) ...... ; .76,663 oif its course are entirely.dry in summer. Rank in Nation...... ;..'. ... . V^... 14th The State's economy is mainly devoted Population (1950)..•.. . .?T|325,510 • to agriculture and stock raising.. Ninety- Rank in Nation (1950)... . 33rd seven per cent of the land is included in; Density per square mile (1950), ...... 17,3 fdrms and 42 percent (20,846,871 acres) Number of Representatives in Congress! .... .4* is. under cultivation. In 1948, the total Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950):- General Revenue...... ;... S87,098,000 f value of crops—principally corn, wheat, . General Expenditures...... $84,216,000 f oats, barley, rye, hay, sugar beets, and po- ' State University ... .^University of Nebraska tatoes—was $359 million; total value of Site ; ,. , ...... ; ...... Lincoln livestock was $701 million. The develop Capital City ...... Lincoln ment of irrigation on more than a million, Population (1950). . . .97,423t acres has made possible the production of'. Rank in State. 2nd f sugar beets. The chief industry, food Largest City...... ,,...... Cmahaf processing, is centered in Omaha, . the Population (1950); . 247,408 { State's largest city. Sand, gra^'el, stone, Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.., .10 J clay, and cement are produced in quantity. Number of Counties ..:...... '93 The northwest corner is an area of *A3 allocated'on basis'of 1950 population figures wooded mountains, with great scenic tU. S.Bureau of Census report '{Based on preliminary 1950 population figures beauty. There are seven State parks and ••'-.• V • • • ' • • • • • • • ably was the first white man to reach Ne Legislative Council braska, in 1541. A little more than, 100 ROGER V. SHUMATE, Director of Research years later several French expeditions,ex The Council • prepares research reports plored the Platte and Missouri valleys. on governmental problems; provides in The region was claimed at various times formation, reference, and research service by France, Spain, and England, but the for Legislators; maintains a drafting service white population and language long re in cooperation with the Revisor of Statutes • mained predominantly French. The earli and keeps a file of all bills introduced. It est trading post was established in 1795. also publishes The Nebraska Blue Book. The In 1803 the territory was acquired by the Council furnishes technical assistance to United States as part of the Louisiana the Committee on the Budget, and pre Purchase. Nebraska has been one of the pares digests of bills for. other legislative principal routes westwa;rd from the Mis committees which request it. 520 •jj^' :^ NEBRASKA 521 OFFICERS Governor...... VAL PETERSON Lieutenant Governor ^...... CHARLES J. WARNER Secretary of State ...JAMES S. PITTENGER Attorney General. ..CLARENCE S. BECK State Treasurer.. .;FRANK B. HEINTZE State Auditpr RAY G. JOHNSON NEBRASKA "SUPREME COURT Chief Justice . .ROBERT G. SIMMONS Six Associate Judges Term...... Six years Efected by popular vote HON. EARL J. LEE . GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commusioh oo VAU PETERSON Intergovernmental Cooperation ( : ;: ' LEGISLATURE Nebraska has the only unicameral Legislature Priesident of the Legislature.GHARLEs J; WARNER Clerk of the Legislature...... ' .HUGO F. SRB Speaker of the Legislature .i.EpHovT Legislators Term . Regular Session Nonpolitical election. . .43 2 years First Tuesday in January, biennially in odd years. Length: ho, constitutional limit. COMMISSION ON INTERGOVERNMENTA^^' L COOPERATION Administrative Members Legislative Members. BERNARD STONE, Co-chairman "^KKL ]. IJEBJ Co-chairman Alternates CLARENCE S. BECK' . RAY A. jiABCock HAL BRIDENBAUGH R. M. HOWARD ' . DWIGHT V/. BURNEY ... GLENN CRAMER . PHILIP K. JOHNSON '. ARTHUR CARMODY ,. C. C LILLIBRIDGE WALTER F. ROBERTS CHARLES F. TVRDIK WILLIAM MOULTON KARL E. VOGEL OTTO J. PROHS Ex-offcio Honorary Merhberi: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF LEGISLATUREJ SPEAKER OF LEGISLATURE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant Genera:!...... '. .GUY N. HENNINGER Labor..... ;.r...... DONALD P. MILLER Advertising. .C.V. PRICE Library (Archives)...... JAMES G. OLCON; Aeronautics,...... J. D. JRAMSEY Library (State and Law)...... G. H. TURNER Agriciilture...... ,.. i....:. RUFUS M. HOWARD Liquor Control...... GUSTAVE PRESTEGAARD Banking...-...... J. F. MCLAIN Motor Vehicles.-....; ...... OWEN J. BOYIIES Budget ..PHILIP K.JOHNSON Parks and Forests...... PAUL T. GILBERT CivilCDefense...... ,. .EDWARD GILLETTE Parole...... R. C. MEISSNER Conservation...... ;. GEORGE E. CONDSRA Personnel. :...... DW^GHT L. WitiJAMS Corporations...; .JAMES S; PITTENGER Planning and Developnient...... C. V. PRICE /Corrections.. .Mks. HAROLD PRINCE Police. .. •...... ::. .,C. J. SANDERS .Exlucation.....;...... FREEMAN B. ;DECKER. Printing and Purchasing.,, .i...... BLAINE YODER ? Employment Serviced ....; .ROBERT T. MALONE_^ Public Utilities and Railroads \ Ecjualization of Assessments. . PHILIP K. JOHNSON' ...... •.'.':'...... -•... ' RICHARD H. LARSON Fire Marshal...... /.. .E. C. IVERSON Securities...... ;.,.... . HAROLD JOHNSON- Fish and Game ...... PAUL T. GILBERT Taxation..,'...... PHILIP K; JOHNSON Food and Drugs, GOULD B. FLAGO . Unemployment Insurance... ROBERT T. MALONE ; Geology^ .;. .'...... GEORGE E. CONDRA Veterans.. 1...... Lotris R. EBY . Health..,.....;,. .... E. A. ROGERS, M;D. Water Resources...... F.'M. KLIETSCH Highways... .*...... :...... H. L. ATFKEN Welfare..,...... NEIL G. VANDEMOER, Insurance..:...-. .BERNARD R. STONE Workmen's Compensation. C'...... O. M. OLSEN NEVADA Nickname..'. . .The Silver State BircJ (unofficial) Mountain Bluebird Motto; .Allfor Our Country . Tree (unofficial)...... ,. .. ..Asperi Emblem...".. .. Sagebrush Entered the Union October 31,1.864 ; Capital City...'..-...... Carson City Nevada, a Rocky Mountain State, lying . ^STATISTICS within the Great Basin, is a vast, arid table Area (square miles)..;...... ?. . . . ; . . .. 109,^89 land cut by isolated moimtain ranges, Rank in Nation. . 6th mesas, and buttes. The soufheastern and Population (1950).'...... 160,083 northwestern corners are also mountain Rank in Nation- (1.950). . . ! 48th ous. Humboldt River draip^ most of the ;Pensity.per square mile (1950)...... A .5 central area. Maximum altitude ifor the Number of Representatives in Congress 1 * St^te is 14,145 feet and the minimum 470. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Numerous alkaline lakes lie on the table General Revenue. .S21,020,000t land, the smaller evaporating during the , General Expenditures.. . ; 821,534,000 j summer. State University. University of Nevada Most crops flourish only on irrigated Site...... ;..,...... 4...... Reno land, although some orchards grow in dry Capital City . ?...... Carson City country. In 1948 the farm income was Population (1950)...... , . . ... 3,082 • $45,078,000, the principal products in Rank in State. 7th cluding hay, grain, and truck crops. The Largest City/...... '.:...... ^, . .Reno- acreage was.6,178,000.- The bunch grass P(ipulation-(l<950);,-v: ,-:..> .. '•.'....: 32,497 in thej mountain valleys provides good Number of Cities over 10,000 Population;.... .2 grazing, and large numbers of cattle, Number of Counties...... 17 sheep, jand poultry are raised. Principal mineral products are copper, magnesium, *A5 allocated on basis of 1950 population figures gold, silver, lead, zinc, and tungsten. . fU. S. Bureau of Census report Xake Mead and BoulderDam, the high est dam in the world, in the Colorado River, draw thousands of tourists annu LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES ally. Other popular attraction? include; Law'iariS Legislative Reference Section •, l ' Lake Tahoe, Cathedral Gorge, the Leh . ^^ State Library man and Gypsum caves and other well CONSTANCE C. COLUNS; State Librarian ; known caverns, Reno, and Virginia City, • \ Legislative Counsel Bureau the site of the legendary Com'stock Lode. A. ivl. JAC^ON, Legislative Auditor The Franciscan friars, in 1775, were the J, E. SPRINOMEYER, Legislative Couiiscl first white men to.enter what is now Ne The Law and Legislative Reference Sec vada, followed fifty years later by traders tion of the State Library collects and cat and trappers and, in the 1840's, by emi alogs legislative material. The Bureau grants journeying to California. Nevada , makes general surveys of all offices, de was ceded to the United States in 1848, at partments, institutions, and agencies of '^the close of the Mexican AVar. One of the the State government with piarticular at earliest settlements was made by Mormons tention to their respective functions, staflT, at Genoa, on the Carson River, in 1849. and needs for money. The Legislative With th& discovery, in 1859, of the Com- Auditor conducts a' post-audit investiga ,stock Lode, one of the richest deposits of, tion oC State departments, agencie§, and silver ever found, Virginia City became a institutions. The Legislative Counsel makes' so- famous mining camp. Nevada became a suggestions for changes in or substitutes for . State in 1864. proposed legislation. 522 NEVADA 523 OFFICERS Governor ... CHARLES H. RUSSELL Lieutenant Governor CLIFFORD A. JONES Secretary of State JOHN KOONTZ Attorney General. , . .W. T. MATHEWS State Treasurer. . .DAN*W. FRANKS Legislative Auditor.... A. N. JACOBSON State Controller...'. .PETER MERIALDO NEVADA SUPREME COURT Chief Justice MILTON B. BADT Two Associate Justices Term Six years Elected by popular vote HON. H. D. BUDELUAN GOVERNOR Chairman of the Committee on CHARLES H. RIKSELL- Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate .. CLIJFFORD A. JONES Speaker of the Assembly J. M. HiooiNs President Pro Tem Speaker Pro Tem of the Senate...... RALPH W. LATTIN of the Assembly LOUISE ALOYS SiOTH Secr.etary of the Senate.... .C. A. CARLSON, JR. Chief Clerk of the Assembly, .FRANK E. ROSASCHI. , Senators Assemblymen Term Regular Session 'D...... 6 D.. \.23 Senate. .4 years Third Monday in January, biennizilly in R .....11 R ..20 Assembly odd years. Length:. 60 days. Total...... 17 Total.. 43 ...... 2 years LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL BUREAU (Functions as Con^mittee on Interstate Cooperation) ' . Senate Members ' House Members H. D. BuDELMAN, CAfl/rman G. WILLIAM COULTHARD RENE W. LEMAIRE WALTER WHn;ACRE iSfCT-^/ay; J. E. SPRINGMEVER ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS ^djutant General JAMES M. MAY Mental Health.,,...... SYDNEY J. TILLIM ricult'urc. EDWARD RECORDS Mines. ....'....' .MERVIN J. GALLAGHER cing V.... GRANT L. ROBISON|. Motor Vehicles ELLIS FOLSOM ?ct .-.CHESTER H, SMITH Old Age Assistance. ... .BARBARA C." COUGHLAN liDefense ..C. A. CARLSON, JR. Parks .... .H.D. MILLS rations .' JOHN KOONTZ Parole .' .EDWARD CUPIT Correthions A. E. BERNARD Personnel .. C. G. SMITH Educatiton '.. ;^.. GLENN A. DUNCAN Planning and Development. . A. M. MACKENZIE Employment Service...;. . A. L STORTROEN Police. . .•^RoB.ERT CL^K Fire Marshal. Louis D. FERRARI Printing JACK MCCARTHY Fish and Gkme. FRANK W. GROVES Public Utilities and Railroads.ROBERT A. ALLEN Food and Diuigs,; WAYNE B. ADAMS Public Works. . ; .A. M. MACKENZIE Forestry;.. .'Ov ...... Louis D. FERRXRI Sanitation •.'.'...... ; VV". W. WHITE Fuel Tax.... ,1^ ..:...... NORMAN CLAY Soil Cpnservation -. .GEORGE HARDMAN Health...... ;\ ...... DANIEL J. HURLEY, M.D. Taxation ROBBINS E. CAHILL Highways..!.. ;\.... ^ H. D. MILLS Unemployment Insurance. ..RANDALL B. LAYMAN Insurance.. !\:. \. PAUL A. HAMMEL Veterans.§|/. .L. F. DECKELMAN Labor .^. .f. %,...'.. 51;,D. WAYNE EVERETT Water Resdurces HUGH SHAMBERGER Library (State arid E^w). CONSTANCE C. COLLINS Welfare BARBARA C. COUGHLAN Liquor Control X...... GROVER HILLYGUS Workmen's Compensation. GEORGE L. PETTICREW ,) Nickname The Granite State Bird (unofficial) Purple Finch Motto. Live Free or Die Song (unofficial) Old Mew Hampshire Flower . . Purple Lilac Entered the Union.. .June 21, 1788 Capital City. Concord D New Hampshire, one of the thirteen Exeter. In 1679 New Hampshire was con- original States, is a mountainous area dis-' •^stituted a separate province with a presi sected by wide valleys. The highest point dent and council. is Mount Washington, with an elevation of 6,288 feet, in the Presidential Range of the STATISTICS White Mountains. The principal rivers are the Connecticut, on the western bound Area (square miles) .9,304 Rank in Nation ...... :. 43rd ary, and the Merrimack. There are many Population (1950) .533,242 glacial lakes, the largest being Lake Winni- Rank in Nation (1950) . .44th pesaukee, source of the Merrimack. The Density per square mile (1950)...... 59.1 rivers furnish a large amount of water Number of Representatives in Congress.. 2* power: Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): (^feneral Revenue...... $38,834,000 f The southeastern corner of New Hamp General Expenditures. .544,758,000} shire, bordering the Atlantic, is low and State University. ..University of New Hampshire sandy. Pqrtsmouth, the only harbor in the Site. Durham Capital City Concord State, is located in this eighteen-mile strip. Population (1950) 27,988 New Hampshire's economy is primarily Rank in State .3rd industrial, and the State is famous for its Largest City .Manchester textile and leather products, its paper and Population (1950) 82,732 Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.... .10 machinery. Value of manufactures ap Number of Counties. 10 proximated S307 million in 1947.' *Ai allocated on basis of 1950 population figures Most of the land under cultivation, 2 fU. S. Bureau of Census report million acres, is in the Connecticut and Merrimack valleys. Principal sources of farm revenue are poultry, dairy products, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY and fruit, and the value of farm crops in Legislative Service 1950 was $46-million. V • State Library The principal minerals are sand and MILDRED PETERSON MCKAY, State Librarian gravel, feldspar, stone and clay. R. MAiiRiNE BRUNNER, Legislative Reference The White Mountains have long been 1 Librarian one of the vacation spots of New England. The Legislative Service supplies in New Hampshire has more than 1,300 formation' on and prepares digests of the lakes, and tourist traffic is an important laws of other States, conducts research and source of revenue. In recent years it has prepares studies and bibliographies at the become a center,of winter sports. •* request of Legislators and interim commis "In 1603 the English explorer Martin sions. Copies of all, bills introduced ate Pring visited the mouth of the Piscataqua kept; with a daily history and subject in River. The first settlements were made at dex. The index is later bound with the Dover and near Portsmouth at Rye in 1623. bills. Information is furnished to the The early seittlers were fishermen and Council of State Governments and to legis traders. In 1638 a colony was founded at lative bureaus of other States on request. ;v 524 NEW HAMPSHIRE 525 OFFICERS . (jovemor...' .SHERMAN ADAMS Lieutenant Governor None Secretary of State.. .ENOCH D, FULLER Attorney General; GORDON M. TIFFANY State Treasurer. .WINFIELD J. PHILLIPS State Auditor .,. FORREST W. PINKHAM State Comptroller... .ARTHUR E. BEAN. . NEW HAMPSHIRE SUPREME COURT Chief Justice... .FRANCIS W.JOHNSTON Four Associate Justices Term , . .Until seventy ye^rs of age ^ Appointed by the G6vernor\cuid the Council \ HON. GORDON TIFFANY GOVERNOR -\ Chaunhan of the Ck>mmissioa on SHERUAN ADAUS. r^ • Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. . BLAYLOCK ATHERTON Speaker pf the House. LANE DVVINNELL Clerk of the Senate...... BENJAKUN F. GREER Clerk of the House. CYRIL J. FRETWELL "«^ Senators Representatives Term Regular Session •; b .....6 D .....133 Senate. .2 years First Wednesday in January, biennially in R...... 18 R.,...... 263 House.:, .2 years odd years. Length: no constitutional limit. Total 24 Others 3 Total 399 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members GORDON TIFFANY, Chairman BLAYLOCK ATHERTQN LANE DvyaNELL LAWTON B. CHANDLER , IJHOMAs B. O'MALLEY MYRON B. HART WILLOUGHBY. COLBY ^ SARA E. OTIS . LEONARD B. PEEVER ENOCH FULLER NATHAN A. TIRRELL LAURENCE M. PICKETT RICHARD UPTON CHARLES HJ WHITTIER C. MURRAY SAWYER, SR. r'ADMINISTRATIV E OFFICERS Adjutant General.. . ANDREWS G. BISSET Library (State). MRS. MILDRED MCKAY Aeronautics '..: RUSSELL HILLIARD Liquor Control. WM. A. JACKSON Agriculture , PERLEY I. FITTS Mental Health ANNA PHILBROOK, M.D. Banking ;... .. CLYDE M. DAVIS Mines .T. RALPH MYERS Budget ... ARTHUR E. BEAN Motor Vehicleis ... .FREDERICK N. CLARKE Civil Defense. ADM. A. G. BISSET Parks .RUSSELL B. TOBEY Conservation.. t.. .SULO J. TANI Parole. .RICHARD T. SMITH Corporations ENOCH D. FULLER Personnel ROY Y. LANO Education •. HILTON C. "BULEY Planning and Development SULO J. TANI Employment Service...... ABBY L. WILDER Police RALPH W. GASVVELL Finance...... v. ARTHUR E. BEAN Printing and Purchasing HAROLD CHENEY Fire Marshal AUBREY G. ROBINSON Public Assistance ALINE A. CAVANAUGH Fish and Game RALPH G. CARPENTER, II Public Utilities and Railroads.EDGAR H. HUNTER Food and Drugs. .OILMAN K. CROWELL Purchasing. .HAROLD CHENEY Forestry .WM. H. MESSECK, JR. Taxation ..JOHN R. SPRING Geology T. RALPH MYERS Unemployment Insurance Health. .JOHN S. WHEELER, M.D. WILLIAM C. CHAMBERLIN Highways FRANK D. IvfeRRiLL Veterans. .H. B. TROMBLEY Insurance. .DONALD KNOWLTON Water Resources '.. WALTER G. WHITE Labor...... WILUAM H. RILEY Welfare.'.'...... JAMES J. BARRY/ Library (Law) .MAURINE BRUNNER Workmen's Compensation... .WILUAM H. RILEY • ift Qu. NEW JERSEY Nickname...... The Garden State Bird. . .Eastern Goldfinch Song (unofficial) . Motto.."..,.... .Liberty and Prosperity ...... New Jersey Loyalty Song Entered the Union Flower Purple Violet ' December 18, 1787 ^ Capital City Trenton New Jersey has two main geographic di STATISTICS visions: the coastal plain on the east and Area (square miles) 8,204 south, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, and Rank in Nation. . .T-. 45th the Appalachian Mountains in the north Population (1950) ; .4,839,0401 west. Highest elevation is 1,803 feet. The Rank in Nation (1950)... '...... 8th Delaware, on the western boundary, and Density per square mile (1950). .589 the Hudson on the east, the two largest Number of "Representatives in Congress 14* rivers, are important for transportation. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): . New Jersey, one of the leading indus General Revenue. S243,998,000t trial States, has widely diversified manu General Expenditures...... 5260,854,000 f factures. Major products include textiles, State University' y? chemicals, electrical machinery and sup Site • • • • • • • • .New Brunswick plies, processed foods, paints, and varnishes. Capital City ..;,...; .Trenton - Copper smelting and petroleum refining Population (1950).... .'... .128,009 are also sources of industrial income. Ex Rank in State .....; 4th cellent rail and water facilities have con Largest City . . Newark tributed to the State's success as. a manu Pppulation (1950) .438,776 facturing'center. While New Jersey is JDrin- Number of Cities over 10,000 Population . .94 clpally urban, her farm products, chiefly Number of Counties. 21 fruits, vegetables, poultry, milk^and but *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ter, provided an income of more than S311 fU. S. Bureau of Census report million in 1950. Minerals, including zinc, iron, clay, and building stone, were also a LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES considerable source of revenue. Division of the State Library, Archives and The coastline, virtually a continuous History sandy beach, is a popular fishing ground, ROGER H. MCDONOUGH, Director . and is widely known for its seaside resorts,' and State Librarian arnong which are Asbury Park, Atlantic Law Revision and Bill Drafting Commission City, and Gape May. Its numerous State CHARLES DEF. SESORE, Chief Counsel forests and parks are also favorite summer and Executive Director ^-- playgrounds. The Division conducts -research on The earliest explorers to enter the area pending legislation and furnishes informa were Verrazano and Sebastian Cabot, fol tion to the Bill Drafting Commission, Leg lowed by Henry Hudson in 1609. In 1618 islators, and State officials. Copies are the first permanent settlement was made. kept of all bills and amendments, and a Many of the bitterest battles of the Revo record of their status is maintained. The lution were fought on New Jersey soil, in Law Revision and Bill Drafting Commis- cluding Washington's attack on Trenton . sion is an agency of the Legislature- It does and tlje subsequent capture of the Hessian bill drafting and examines bills proposed for rnercenaries. New Jersey joined the Union introduction in the Legislature as to matters as one of the thirteen original States. ofform. »Thc State College for the Benefit of App-iculturc and the Mechanics Arts maintained by the Trustees of Rutgers College, the AgriculturalExpcnmcnt Station maintained by the same Trustees, the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, the New Jersey College for. Women, and the other departments of higher education maintained by the Trustees of Rutgers College were collectively designated as die State University of New Jersey by P.L. 1945, c. 49. ^ 526 '•* NEW JERSET 527 OFFICERS V Governor.....,.". .-.ALFRED E. DRISCOLL Lieutenant Governor. ; .. None Secretary of State.... LLOYD B. MARSH Attorney General THEODORE D. PARSONS State Treasurer WALTER T. MARGETTS, JR. NEW JERSEY ( \ •• SUPREME'COURT Chief Justicey. ARTHUR T. VANDERBILT . Six Associate Justices Initial Term .'... .Seven years Appointed by the Governor; Senate *-«• confirmation - HON. WARREN N. GAFFNEY GOVERNOR .. v-^'""'' Chairman of the Conunission on ALFRED E. DRISCPLI. -'^'"^ Intcntate Cooperation LEGISLATURE , President of the Senate... HAROLD W. HANNOLD Speaker of the Assembly.. LAWRENCE A. GAVIN ATO Secretary of the Senate.. .OLIVER F. VAN CAMP Clerk of the Assembly. , .T .W.T.LUDLUM Senators Assemblymen Term Regular Session D. >^. 5 ^ • • \ -IT- Senate. . 4 years Second Tuesday in January, annually. R 16 R. ..*...... 43^ Assembly2 years . Length: no constitutional limit. Total. 21 Total. 60 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members Assembly Members WARREN N. GAFFUZY, Chairman J. RICHARD KAFES WILLIAM B. KNIGHT CHARLES R. ERDMAN, JR. ALFRED B. LITTELL MRS. MARIE F. MAEBERT WALTER T. MARGETTS, JR^ . RICHARD R. STOUT WILLIAM V. MUSTO LLOYD B. MARSH DAVID VAN ALSTYNE, JR. ARNOLD M. SMITH Rcv A. MILLER, JR. . BRUCE A. WALLACE NATHANIEL G. SMITH Ex-officio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR Secretary: H. ROEMER MCPHEE Tr^aji/rtfr; ABRAM Ml VERMUELEN / ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Advertising .JAMES KINO Library (State and History) Agriculture...... WILLARD H. ALLEN ROGER H. MCDONOUOH Banking " .WARREN N. GAFFNEY Liquor Control. ERWIN B. HOCK Budget .J. LINDSAY DE VALLIERE Mental Health. EDWARD J. HUMPHRIES Civil Defense., LEONARD DRHYFUSS Motor Vehicles...... ;,...... WM. J. DEARDEN Conservation and Economic Development "^ Old Age Assistance. .MARC DOWDELL .... .4 CHARLES R. ERDMAN JR. Parks. CHARLES P. WILBER Corporations-^Charters)...... LLOYD B. MARSH Parole. HOMER C. ZINK Corrections..V. .F. LOVELL BIXBY Personnel .LESTER H. GLEE Defense .V ...... EDWARD C. ROSE Planning and Development Education.... \- i. .JOHN H. BOSSHART .WILLIAM T. VANDERLIPP Employment Security I HAROLD G. HOFFMAN Police. /...... CHARLES A. SCHOEFFEL Employment Serviced...... RUSSELL J. ELDRIDGE Public Assistance .ELMER'V. ANDREWS Finance \ . .WALTER T. MARGETTS, JR. Public Utilities and Railroads. .JOHN E. BOSWELL Fish and Game... N A*. HEATON UNDERHILL Public Works WILLIAM T. VANDERLIPP Food and Drugs ; Louis M. LOUNSBERY Purchasing FRED V. FERBER Forestry CHARLES P. WILBER Securities .GORDON S. KERR Geology MEREDITH E. JOHNSON Taxation : .AARON K. NEELD Health. ,. .DANIEL BERGSMA, M.D. Unemployment Insurance FRANK T. JUDGE Highways....: RANSFORD J. ABBOTT Veterans - WARREN S. HOOD Insuramce ..:.'..-.WARREN N. GAFFNEY Water- Resource .H. T. CRITCHLOW Labor PERCY A. MILLER, JR. Welfare. M ...... -,.. ELMER V, ANDREWS Library (Law).., MARGARET E. COONAN Workmen's Compensation.. .1 .DANIEL A. SPAIR --A- NEW MEXICO Nickname.TheLand of Enchantment Bird Road Runner Motto. .Crescit Eundo ' Song • • • -0, Fair New Mexico (It Grows As It Goes) J Flower .Yucca Flower Entered t}ie Union January 6, 1912 Capital City ...... Santa Fe Much of the area of New Mexico, the STATISTICS "Land of Enchantment" is a high plateau Area (square miles). 121,666 cut by the d^'ep canyons and high ranges of Rank in Nation 4th the Rocky Mountains. The altitude varies Population (1950) 681,187t Rank in lotion (1950) 39th. from 2,820 to 13,1'51 feet. The Continental Density per square mile (1950) .5.6 Divide traverses the western portion of the Number of Representatives in Congress 2 * State. Streams in that area empty into the Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Gulf of California, while the eastern two- General Revenue 579,545,000 General Expenditures . . . $79,519,000 thirds of the State is drained by the Rio State University. . . . .University of New Mexico Grande and tributaries of the Mississippi. Site . . . . Albuquerque Average rainfall is only about fifteen inches Capital City . . , . .Santa Fe annually, but when irrigated the soils are Population (1950) 27,5471 remarkably productive. Rank in State. 2ndt Largest City Albuquerque! Ninety-six per cent of the State's total . Population (1950) 97,012^ area is grazing land, and livestock produc Number of Cities over 10,000 Population 1% tion is the greatest source of revenue. New Number of Counties...... 32 ^Mexico ranks first, among the States in pro •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures "tU. S; Bureau of Census report' duction of potiash, second in zinc, third in JBased on preliminary 1950 {lopulation figures / fluorspar, and fourth in copper. Lumber from the huge forests of pon- derosa pine and Douglas fir is also eco nomically important. One of the interesting LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES manufactured products is exquisite, hand Legislative Council . vf made Indian jewelry. \ • Legislative Council Service Four American Indjan reservations are JACK E. HOLMES, Secretary of the Council located in New Mexico. The Carlsbad and Director of the Service Caverns, a national park; three State parks, the Indian pueblos, and the huge national State Library forests are among" popular tourist attrac HARRISON MAGDONALD, Librai-ian tions., The State has numerous spots of The nine-member New Mexico- Legis scenic beauty and historic interest. ^ -, lative Council, created 1951, undertakes One of the most famous of the early ex interim research on problems of interest to plorers, Cabeza de Vaca, entered New •the State and recommends a legislative Mexico in the early sixteenth c.entury, and program based on its studies. It also he was followed by Catholic missionaries supervises the Council Service, established and the historic expedition of Cororiado. ii| the same year, which acts as its staff. Santa Fe was founded in 1609. New Mex The Service also provides drafting, refer ico was part of the Mexican Republic from ence, a\id other services to all Legislators. 1821 to the time of the Mexican War, when The State Library provides general refer it was ceded to the United States. It was ence and^spot research assistance to Legis- admitted to the Union in 1912. Jator's. 528 )t> NEW MEXICO .529 OFFICERS Governor. EDWIN L. MECHEM Lieutenant Governor. -. .''^. {.... .TIBO J..CHAVEZ Secretary of State BEATRICE ROACH Attorney General ; JOE L.. MARTINEZ State Treasurer. • . ^.. RICHARD R. GRISSOM State Auditor R. D, CASTNER State ComptroUer. .-. EDWARD M. HARTMAN NEW MEXICO SUPREME COURT Chief Justice...... :... ; EUGENE D. LUJAN Four Additional Justices ' Term., Eight years Elected by popular vote GOVERNOR. EDWIN L. MECHEU \ LEGISLATURE President of the Senate . .. .TIBO J. CHAVEZ President Pro Tern • Speaker of the House ...... CALVIN HORN of the Senate CLAUDE E. GAMBLE Clerk of the House...... SANTOS QUINTANA Secretary of the Senate .MRS.,NATALIE S..BUCK • . Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D...... 18 D..... 46 Senate. .4 years Second Tuesday in Januzury, biennially" in R; ...6 R 9 House.. .2 years odd years. Length: 60 days. Total...... 24 Total 55 y^ COMMISSION Ol^ INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members (Vacancy) Chairman HENRY L. EAGER ALBERT AMADOR JOE L.' MARTINEZ CLAUDE GAMBLE WM. J. BINGHAM MELVIN DRAKE FiLIBERTO MAESTAS JOHN COURY FRED MOXEY Bui^rpN ROACH' LEWIS COX L. W. LEIBRAND HORATIO DE VARGAS E. S. WALKER Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE. GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General. .CHARLES G. SAGE Highways ..#... BURTON G. DWYRE Advertising.''...... ,.....' MELVIN DRAKE Housing.. .., .W. C. KRUGER Aeronautics ...... CHARLES J. BOYD Insurance. R.F. APODACA Banking .u,. : ALFRED W. KAUNE Labor .W. C. BURRELL Budget EDWARD M. HARTMAN Library (State and Law).HARRISON MACDONALD Civil Defense.;..,...... ,.. .JOHN W. CHAPMAN Liquor Control. ELFEGO BACA Conservation (Oil), R. R. SPURRIER Motor Vehicles .ED BROSSEAU Corporations EUGENE ALLISON Oil and Gas >» .•" R. R. SJ-URRIER Corrections. .JOSEPH F. TONDRE Old Age Assistance. ALVA A. SIMPSON, JR. Ediication. '.. .TOM WILEY Police, JOSEPH P. ROACH Employment Service...... MAX SALAZAR Public Assistance ALVA A. SIMPSON Equalization of Assessments.... FRED W. MOXEY Purchasing. , *. HUGH F. SCOTT Finance. EDWARD M. HARTMAN Soil Conservation GRADY WILSOI^ Fish and Game "ELLIOTT BARKER Taxation. ,. .FRED W. MOXEY Food and Drugs F. A. VIGIL Unemployment Insurance... MAURICE F." MIERA Fuel Tax HORACE MOSES Veterans Jonrif A. LOWE Geology. ./.. .R. R. SPURRIER Water Resources .JOHN BLISS Health... ;.. .JAMES R. SCOTT, M.D. Welfare ALVA Av SIMPSON, JR. I: NEW YORK Nickname .The Empire State Bird. .None Motto. ...,..'.. .Excelsior (Higher) Song...... (Four unofficial) Flower, :...... Rose Entered the Union. .July 26, 1788 Cap[|al City. Albany New York, the "Empire State," most The Hudson valley was first explored populous in the Nation, is bordered by and settled by the Dutch. In 1664 the Canada on the north, the New England English seized it. The French, w'ho had Commonwealths on the east, and the At- explored and claimed the section around lantic on the southeast. It is roughly tri- . Lalie Champlain, also were driven out by angular, with a mountainous region, the the English. New York joined the Union , Adirondacks, in the northeast, from which as one of the thirteen original States, and in • the land slopes to the Great Lakes on the 1789 Washington was inaugumted as the west, the St. Lawrence valley in the north, first president in New York city. - and the broad Allegheny plateau to the STATTSTTC^ south. Mt; Marcy in the AdiriDndacks is . , ., x the highest point in the ^,s^^^^. '^^^'S^^s^-y^::::::::::::::^:^ Pnncipal waterways are Lakes Erie and Population (1950)...... 14,830,192 Ontario, with their outlet, the St. Law- Rank in Nation (1950) .1st rence; Lake Champlain, and the Hudson ^, Density per square mile (1950)...... 309.3 •\- .>v,j c,,n^,,.»u^^^., J.;,,^^o A+ +u^ ^^,.+1, ^f ^ Number of Representatives in (Jongress 43* - and Susquehanna rivers. At the mouth of Fiscal Year 1950 (ended March 3171950): the Hudson lies the metropolis of New: General Revenue .Sl,275,094,000t York, world's largest city and greatest General Expenditures .S»l,375,275,000} shipping port, an international center of State University...... ; .Albany Iri 1947 the State s total farm acreage Rank in State .6tht appro.ximated 57.per cent of the area. In Largest City ...... New York Cityt 1949 the gross value of all farm produce Population (1950); 7,835,0991 a.^,>^^Aa:A KiQAr-. ,^\u;^r^ TTv.,,;*- Uo,, n.-r,*c Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .551 exceeded $846 million. Fruit, hay, oats, Number of Villages over 10,000 Population.. 17 J barley, wheat, potatoes, and conn are Number of Counties.. ..62 principal crops. Dairy and poultry prod- ^^THi^catcd on ba.is of 1950 population figures UCtS also are extensive. tU. S. Bureau of Census report T, J ^.. c • - J iU • JBascd on preliminary 1950 population figures Production of iron ore and other miner- / t- t- «. , als is important, but the State is chiefly LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES industrial and commercial; Principal man- --Legislative Reference Library ufactures include dry goods and clothing, . CHARLES F. GOSNELL, State Librarian with an estimated annual value of J1.5 WILLIAM P. LEONARD, Legislative Reference billion; chemicals, machinery, furniture, . Librarian paper, metals and jewelry, bread and Legislative BUI Drafting Commission bakery products, photographic supplies, JOHN H. CONROY, Commissioner boots, and shoes.. '/ The Reference Section of the State Li- The State is a great scenic and recrea- .brary is primarily an agency for research, tional area. New York city off"ers unlim- rendering services to Legislators, State ited attractions to tourists,. Thousands of officials, and private individuals. The Bill vacationers also are attracteid by the Drafting Commission aids in drafting bills, beaches of Long Island, the Palisades and resolutions, or anjendments upon specific the picturesque gorge of the Hudson River, request. It examines existing laws and re- the beautiful lakes, Niagara Falls, and the ports upon measures necessary to bring the Thousand Islands in the St. Lawrence. consolidated laws up to date, 530 /"•• J^EW YORK 531 OFFICERS Governor. THOMAS E. DEWEY Executive Assistant.R. BURDELL BIXBY Lieutenant Governor FRANK C. MOORE Secretary of State'. . THOMAS J. CURRAN Attorney General ..../.... .NATHANIEL L. GOLDSTEIN State Comptroller -- J. RAYMOND MCGOVERN NEW YORK COURT OF APPEALS . (Highest Appellate Court) --^ Chief Justice JOHN T. LOUGHRAN Six Associate Members Term . Fourteen years HON. ELISHA T. BARRETT - . .^GOVERNOR Chairman of the Joint Legislative* T»ro»^AS E. DE -••'••..- • • • •; . \ • JOINT LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE ON II^TERSTATE COOPERA!TION Administrative Members* Senate Members Assembly Members Ex-officio Members C» MILTON ALPERT CHAUNCEY B. H.\MMOND, ELISHA T. BARRETT, OSWALD D. HECK SPENCER £. BATES Vice-chairman Chairman WALTER J. MAHONEY N. L. GOLDSTEIN FLOYD E. ANDERSON BENJAMIN H. DEMO LEE B. MAILLER ROBERT T. LANSDALE MACNEIL MITCHELL THEODORE HILL, JR. ELMER F. QuiNN GEORGE M. SHAPIRO FRED G. MORITT FRANCIS X. MCGOWAN, IRW^N STEINGUT WALTER W. STOKES . Secretary D. MALLORY STEPHENS LEO P. NOONAN ARTHUR H. WICKS JOHN SMOLENSKI * Administrative members are advisory orily. PAUL L, TALBOT ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... WILLIAM'H. KELLY Library (State). . .CHARLES F. GOSNELL Aeronautics.. r CLAUDE' B. FRIDAY Liquor Control. JOHN F. O'CONNELL^ Agricultur"?; C. CHESTER DUMOND . Mental Health. .. NEWTON J./T.BIOELOW, M.D- Banking WiLLifAM A. LYON Mines EDWARD A. NYEGAARD Budget. .T. NORMAN HURD; Motor Vehicles CLIFFORD J. FLETCHER Civil Defense LAV^TRENCE A. WILKINSON Old Age Assistance. GLADYS^^FISHER Conservation. . . ; ...... PERRY.B- DURYEA Parks. - .-^ , JAMES F' EVANS Corporations ..,.; .SYDNEY B'.- GORDON F^oletvxf.ad. .i...... FREDERICK A. MORAN' Education..... \...... ^. .L^vns A. WILSON lice, ...... JOHN A. GAFFNEY Employment Service...... ,R. C. BROCKWAY rinting, ...... J. ARTHUR MANN Fire Marshal. . . . .B. RICHTER Tov\rNSEND ublic Utilities and Railroads. BEN j, F. FEINBERG Fish aiid Game...... JUSTIN T. MAMONEY Purchasing ^...... JOHN A. MACCORMACK ForestJTy ...;.... .ARTHUR S. HOPKUTO Revenue...... ;..... SPENCER E. BATES Healm... HERMAN E. HILLEBOE, M.D. 'j Taxation...... '...... SPENCER E. BATES. Highv^rays. .J. BURCH MCMORRAN Unemployment Insurance....FRANCIS R. CURRAN In^rdnce ALFRED J. BOHLINGER Veterans. .LEO V. LANNINO Labor. .EDWARD CORSI Water Resources...... '.... PERRY B. DURYEA Library, (Archives) ...... EDNA L. JACOBSEN Welfare ROBERT T. LANSDALE Library (Law) ERNEST H. BuEtrER Workmen's Compensation MARY H. DONLON • NORTH CAROLINA Nickname..,.. .The Tarheel State Flower...... -,... Dogwood Song'. ...The Old North State Motto. ;. . ; Esse Quam Videri Entered the Union (To Be Rather than To Seem) -..-...... November 21, 1789 Capital City. Raleigh . y North Carolina•) , on the south Atlantic STATISTICS . • - seaboard, has three topographic sections: a Area (square miles)....,...... ;.. .49,142 broad coastal plain, -indented by depp bays' Rank in Nation 28th and edged by a chain of islands; the Pied- Population (1950) 4,061,929 Rankin Nation (1950)...... lOth 4 rriont Belt; and the Appalachian Moun Density per square mile (1950) . .82.7. tains in the west. • Mount Mitchell (alti- Number of Representatives in Congress .....12*" . tude 6,684) is the loftiest peak east of the Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): ^ ; Mississippi.' General Revenue -. S286,947,000t General Expenditures S341,419,000}' The State is chiefly agricultural, with State University..: .University of North Carolina tobacco, cotton, corn, hay, peanuts, fruits, Site, \...... Chapel Hill potatoes, melons, and other garden prod Capital City .'. . . .Raleigh ucts as principal crops. The farm income Population (1950). ., .65,123t in 19.49 was approximately $720 million. Rank in State...... 5thJ. Largest City. . . Charlotte | The wide foreist belt is the source of impor . Population (1950) ...... ; .133,219| tant lumber and other timber jjroducts. Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. . .SOJ Principal manufactures include to^Dacco Number of Counties...... 100 products, textiles, and furniture. The Atlan *As allocated, on basis of 1950 population figures tic seaboard is one of the-important com tU. S. Bureau of Census, report iBased on preliminary 1950 population figures mercial fishing centers in the,South. Eco nomically important minerals are stone, clay products, sand, gravel, feldspar, mica, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY 'asbestos, and talc. ^ " Division of Publications in the The Great Smoky Mountains National Department of State Park, about' half in North Carolina, is a THAD.EURE, Secretary of; State farhous iesort area., Its huge forests, fish The many services performed,, by the ing streams, and cool summer tempera Division include an inquiry service; pub tures have made it one of the well known lication of an abstract of votes by counties, playgrounds of the country. There are . a list of members of the General Assembly, eleven State parks comprising more than a directory of State and county officials, 35,300 acres. Asheville and the Atlantic and a court calendar. It farther includes seacoast are other resort attractions. the compilation of information for use by The first English colony in America was the General Assembly and other officials of established at Roanoke Island in 1585. In . the State, counties, and cities; the main 1663 the Carolinas were granted to eight tenance of .an index of public bills; the proprietors, but in 1720 North Carolina, publication of the biennial North Carolina which had been separated from South Car Manual, and the collection and distribu olina, became a royal colony. It joined the tion of North Carolina .departmental Union as one of the thirteen original States. publications. - . 532 V NORTH CAROLINA 533 / _. OFFICERS Governor...... i...... tW. KERR Scbrr Lieutenant .Governor... .H. P. TAYLOR Secretary of State...... THAD EURE Attorney General.. HARRY MCMULLAN State Treasurer.. . BRANDON P. HODGK State Auditor. .. . ^.'HENR'Y L. BRIDGES ' • • V - -^ • NORTH CAl|0LINA SUPREME QOURT Chief Justice...... (Vacancy) Six Associate Justices Term. .Eight.years Elected by popular vote HON. CHARLES H.JENKINS ' GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on. W. KERR SCOTT Interstate Cooperation . ' ; LEGISLATURE . President of the Spnate .H.P.TAYLOR /^ President Pro Tem of the Senate . Speaker of the House. . .'.... . W. FRANK TAYLOR T'.' R. GRADY RANKIN Clerk of the House...... MRS. ANNIE E. COOPER Clerk of the Senate. .S. RAY BYERLY- r / Senators ^ Reprcsentative^v Term Regular Session . D. .'. 47 D...... ail.V-, Senate. .2 years Wednesday after first Monday in January; R 2 R ...... 9'!. House.,. 2 years biennially in odd years. Length: no con Vacancy ..1 To.tal. . 120. --~ stitutional limit. Total...... 50 :'\ COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members . Seriate Members House Members CHARLES H. JENKINS, Chairman JAMES H. POU BAILEY WALTER E.' CRISSKAN D. S. COLTRANE CHARLES F, GOLD B. -T. FALLS, JR. >a» THAD EURE . ; WILLS HANCOCK DA'VID H. HENDERSON HARRY MCMULLAN M. T. LEATHERMAN ROBERT G. MCRORIE CHARLES PARKER I RALPH H. SCOTT W. BRANTLEY WO.MBLE L. C. RossER . -' h ' ,- Ex-officio. Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE, ATTORNEY GENERAL, BUDGET OFFICER ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General . .JOHN HALL MANNING Library (State). CARRIE L. BROUGHTON Agriculture. L. Y. BALLENTINE Liquor Control ROBERT W. WINSTON* Banking. . W. W.JONES Mental Health . DAVID A. YOUNG Budget '...... D. S. COLTRANE Mines...... ; .JASPER L. STUCKE;Y Civit Defense .-;../... .E. Z.JONES Motor Vehicles. .L.'C. ROSSER Conservation...... ,GEORGE R. ROSS Old Age Assistance R. EUGENE BROWN Corrections..; .../.. S. E. LEONARD Parks y. .THOMAS W. MORSE Education VCLYDE A. ERWIN Parole...... \... . .T. G.JOHNSON Employment Security...... HENRY E. KENDALL Personnel. \ • • J- W. MGDEVITT Fire Marshal...... SHERWOOD BROCKWELL Police. ..i... .JAMES R. SMITH Fish and Game.-...... CLYDE P. PATTON Printing and Purchasing. .CHARLES M...WILLIAMS Food and Drugs. . . . , E. W. CONSTABLE . Public Utilities and Railroads.STANLEY WINBORNE Forestry : . . W. K. BEICHLER Securities...... /...... THAD EURE Health. J. W.R. NORTON, M.D. Taxation EUGENE G. SHAW Highways HENRY W. JORDAN, Unemployment Insurance... R. FULLER MARTIN Insurance V, WALDO C. CHEEK Veterans .J. M. CALDWELL Labor...... FOREST H. SHUFORD Water Resources;...... W. H. RILEY Library (Archives)...... C. C. CRITTENDEN Welfare.. .ELLEN WINSTON Library (Law). .'...... DILLARD S. GARDNER Workmen's Compensation. . . .J. FRANK HUSKINS NORTH DAKOTA Nickname. . . .The Flickertail State Bird...... VV^estern Mcadowlark Motto. '..Liberty and Union, Kow g^^ . / - J^r^^^J^ jy^f.^^^ ^^„ and torever. One and Inseparable ' Flower . . Wild Prairie Rose Entered the Union November 2,1889 ' •/• ' Capital City •••••• .Bismarck . North Dakota, a Canadian border State, STATISTICS .: lies chiefly in the Great Plains. It'is di .Area (square miles).. 70,057 vided into three plains, the comparatively Rank in Natiran .^ 6th level Red River valley in the.e^st, the Population (1950).... /. • ...... 619,636 rolling drift plains in the central area, and Rank in.Nation (1950). . -. . '....'...... 41st the higher plateau; of the Missouri in the Density per square mile (1950). ;8.8 Number of Representatives in Congress...... 2* west. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950):- ' Principal river systerhs of the State are General Revenue. . $58,595,000f the Missouri, the Red, and their^ many General E.xpehditures...... $88,021,000} tributaries. Maximum altitude is 3,468 State University.... University of North Dakota feet at Black Butte in Slope^County and Site . . Grand Forks the minimum, 789 feet, is at Pembina on Capital City . . . . .Bismarck the Canadian boundary. The brilliantly Population (1950).... ! .18,544 J Rank in State. . .•.4th j ,« colored Badlands are of exceptional geo logical, scenic, and recreational interest. Largest City ...... :...... Fargo { ,Population.(1950)...... 37,981 f Approximately.90 per cent of all land is Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.... .5 J used for agricultural purposes, and the Number of Cpunties...... ,53 State is one of America's greatest granaries. •,\s allocated'on basis of 1956-population figures Principal crops include spring and durum tU. S.. Bureau of Census report wheat, oats, barley, corn, 'flax, potatoes, {Based on preliminary.1950 population figures hay, and rye. Diversified farming is exten LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY sively practiced throu^hbut the State,, but in the western portion livestoclc^razing Legislative Research Committee is important. Large numbers of swine, G. EMERSON MURRY, Research Director sheep, beef, and dairy cattle are produced. Legislative service in several fields is The farms are large, and agricultural pro provided through the facilities of the Legis duction is highly mechanized; lative Research Committee. The Com Manufacturing is chiefly the processing mittee, consisting of five Senators and six of foodstuffs. Lignite is the outstanding Representatives, performs the function of . mineral, but gas and some oil are produced; a legislative council,; or general interim The first white man to visit North Da committee of the Legislature^Avith a broad kota was • Verendrye, in 1738. Trading jieldj^and serves as the Committee, on In posts were established oil the Missouri and terstate Cooperation. Research and refer Red River systems by the Hudson's Bay ence facilities and bill,drafting and check- and the North West companies from Can ing.§ervices prior to and during sessions are ada dpring the first part of the nineteenth unified under the supervision of the Com century. The Lewis and Clark expedition mittee and, as a general legislative office, wintered in 1804-05 at Fort Mandan. In the Committee provides continuity be 1818 the Red River Valley and the north tween sessions and a rheans of coordination ern part of the State, not included in the be;tween the/Legislature and the other- Louisiana Purchase,' were ceded to the branches of State government and the / United States by the English. Nor'th public. Compilation and correlation 6f JDakota was admitted to' the Union in the laws with the Revised Code is also un n889. der Committee sujjervision. 534^ • • • ' '~^.' > 'kORTH DAKOfA 535 -^ OFFICERS , ; Governor C. NORMAN BRUNSDALE Lieutenant Governor RAY SCHNELL Secretary of State. . . . . THOMAS HALL Attorney General . _,_. _ :. , ELMO T. CHRISTIANSON State Treasurer. . . •..ALBERT JACOBSON State Auditor...... BERTA E. BAKER • • ,v :NORTH DAKOTA - / SUPREME COURT ^ ; . Chief Justice! JAMES MORRIS "^ Four .Associate Judges Term .;.. ..-...... Ten years - - Elected by popular vote HON. ROY A. HOLAND GOVERNOR • Chairman of the Legislative C. NORMAN BRITSSDALE Research Committee V LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... RAY ScHNELil President Pro Tem of the Senate. WM. KAMARATH Speaker of the House...... :. ..LEO STICK A Secretary of thf^ Senate. ;...... WALTER TROUT Clerk of the House.... KENNETH L. MORGAN Senators Representatives Term ' ' Regular Session D...:..•../.I D...... 1 "Senate. .4 years Tuesday aftec-ifirst Monday in January, R...... ;...48 R...... 112 House.. .2 years biennially in oodyears. • Length: 60 days. Total. 49 Total.. 113 LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH COMMITTEE (Functions as Committee on Interstate Cooperation) Senate Members House Members CLYDE DUFFY . ROY A. HOLAND, Chairman EDWARD LENO . WALTER BUBEL ' ' ORRIS NoRDHOUGEN ' C. H. HOFSTRAND, i'lry. xA-J- SANDNESS • R. H. LYNCH IVER SOLBERG' LoUIS LEET , \ HjALMER NYGAARD Research Director: C EMERSON MvRRY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjiitant General ...... HEBER L. EDWARDS Library (Law)...... '^ ...... B.'J. TAYLOR Aeronautics ; HAROLD G. VAVRA Library (State) ; .HAZEL WEBSTER BYfiNES Agriculture. . .-"...... MATH DAHL Liquor Control.... .;...... JOHN SNYD.AL Banking...... :...... JOHN A. GRAHAM Mental Health.\,. .R. H. SHERMAN Budget;:... • .OTTO KRUEGER Mines...... ;.. : . .: . . . . . : .G. B. EASTON Civil Defense. . . . HEBER L. EDWARDS Motor Vehicles...... :•...... A. N. LAVIK- Corrections...... R, H. SHERMAN Parks...... :.\.. .. .RUSSELL REID Education .... M. F. PETERSON Parole...... J. .ARTHUR VANDEL Employment Service...... CARL F. FRYHLINO Police...... ;...... E. M. KLEIN Fire Marshal...... -. .H. R. HANDTMANN Printing. . .•'.-... . : . .. .L, C. MILLER \ Fish iand Garne...... ;H. R. MORGAN Public Utilities and Railroads. ERNEST D. NELSON Food aftd Drugs...... F. W. LONSBROUGH Purchasing...... G. B. EDMONDSON Forestry. C, N. NELSON Securities...... :,...... JOHN GRAHAM Geology WILSON M. LAIRD Taxation...... JOHN GRAY Health RUSSDLL O. SAXVIK, M.D. Unemployment Insurance. MARTIN M. GRONVOLD . Highways.,. :... ^^.;.... S. W. THOMPSON Veterans...... F. E. HENDERSON Insurance .A.J.JENSEN Water Resources. .J. J. WALSH Labor...... H. R. MARTINSON ' Welfare . . . . . CARLYLE £). ONSRUD Library .(Archives) RUSSELL REXD •''Workmen's Cbmpeiisation...... B. M. RYAN 0HIO Nickname...... The Buckeyg.State Bird. . ; Cardinal Motto...... ;..;... (None) Song...... (Several unoftlci.*!) Flower Scarlet Carnation ' EnteredtheUnion; February i9, K<0_3 • Capital City...... Columbus /" Ohio, a north central State bordering on STATISTICS Lake Erie, is a region of wide valleys and Area (square miles)...... , .41,000 low hills. The highest point, 1,550 feet, is Rank in Nation.-. .-. . .34th in Logan County. The valley of the Ohio Population (1950) . : 7,946,627 Rank in Nation (1950),. . ... 5th River is the lowest pointj 425 feet. Density per square mile (1950)...... 193.8 . Lake Erie carries large quantities of Number of Representatives in Congress 23* freight and passenger traffic. The Ohio Fiscal"Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): and its tributaries also furnish an impor General Revenue...... 5545,463,0001 General Expenditures. . . , ...... $591,801,00.Ut tant route of water transportation. Cleve State Universities land, the biggest city, situated on the lake, Ohio State University...... , .Columbus is a rai'lrpad center and shipping port. Ohio University ; ...... ,. Athens Cincinnati, on the Ohio, is the chief river Miami University . , T. . . Oxford Kent State University...... ; . ; Kent port. These and other Ohio cities are im Bowling Green University.... .Bowling Green portant centers of commerce and industry. ' Wilberforce University...... Wilberforce . The cash income from crops and live Capital City Columbus stock in 1949 was approximately $912 mil- Population (1950)... .• "...... -, .374,770t t"' -lion, principally from corn, oats, and Rank in State. ; . .. 3rdi Largest City...... i.....:...... Cleveland j wheat. The Lake Erie border country east Population (1.950)...... 9'Cr5,636t of Cleveland is a center of the grape-grow Number of Cities ovef 10.,000 Population... .78 j ing industry. Sheep are raised principally Number of Counties....;...... \ ...... 88 • ' • . t. . ' • • • for the wool clip—8,028,000 pounds in •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures 1949. Other livestock and poultry prod ^^tU. S. Bureau of Census report ucts are economically important. "jBased on preliminary 1950 population figures Leading mineral resources in order of yolurfie of production are limestone, coal, clay, and petroleum. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES The State is primarily industrial. In ' Ohio Program Commission 1947 the. largest single':em"ployed group, LAUREN ;Aj. GLOSSER, E.xccutive Secretary more than 1,200,000 persons, were en gaged in manufacturing. Principal sources Legislative Reference Bureau \ of income are iron and steel products, rub ' .ARTHUR A. ScHvvARTZ, Director ber goods, and electrical appliances. The Program Commission, composed of The coast of Lake Erie and the interior Legislators, legislative and administrative glacial lakes are summer resort areas. The officers, and three appointees of the Gover southern part of the State is well known for nor, is a planning and study agency de interesting caverns ift the. limeston^ strata signed to bring the best thinking of official and the relics of prehistoric Indian mounds. and private-citizen groups to bear on ma In the middle of the seventeenth century jor problems. Chief function of the Legis the region was explored and settled by the lative Reference Bureau is bill drafting. It if French, followed by English traders. The also conducts rpearch, prepares briefs on Varea was ceded to Great Britain at the end "the "cOifttfttitionality of proposed legisla of the Seven Years' War and became part tion, compiles digests of laws, maintains ah . of the Northwest Territory in 1787.. Ohio", inquiry service, and performs other func was admitted to. the Union in 1803. tions. . , , 536 OHIO 537 OFFICERS" Gov<|rnor FRANK J. LAUSCHE Lieutenant Governor. .GEORGE D. NYE" Secretary of State TED W. BROWN Attorney General f C. WILLIAM O'NEILL State Treasurer. ... . ROGER VV. TRACY State Auditor.... .JOSEPH T. FERGUSON OHIO SUPREME COURT Chief Justice..... CARL V. WEYGANDT Si.x /\ssociate Judges Term '.. . Six years Elected by, popular vote HON. ROBERT L. MOULTON GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commusioa on FRANK J. LAUSCHE Interstate Cooperation -' LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. GEORGE D, NYE President Pro Tern Speaker of the House GORDON RENNER of the Senate •. RoscoE WALCUTT Clerk of the House CARL GUESS Clerk .of the'Senate THOMAS E, BATEMAN C • ^ Senators. Representatives Term " Regular Session R 26 R 98 Senate.. 2 years First Monday fri January, biennially in odd D...... 7 D...... '. ..36 House... 2 years years. Length: no constitutional limit; Total ...33 Independent. . 1 Total 135 -r COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative "Members Senate Members House Members ROBERT L. MOULTON, Chairman FRED L. ADAMS L. M. BURGE H. D. DEFENBACH&p. ALBERT L. DANIELS BISHOP KILPATRICK JOSEPH T. FEROUSO^ WM. H. DEDDENS A. G. LANCIONE THEODORE J. KAUER ELIZABETH F. GORMAN, Secy. J. F. MCCLURE JUDGE J. H. LAMNECK CARL D. SHEPPARD ' SAM B. NICELY RALPH S. LOCHER FRANK J, SVOBODA WILLIAM SAXBE C. WILLIAM O'NEILL ROSCOE R. WALCUTT ^BERT R. SHAW Ex-Officio Honorary Members:TH E GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General..." LEO M. KREBER Library (Law) RAYMOND M. JONES Aeronautics ". .C. E. A. BROWN Library (State) ;.. . WALTER BRAHM Agriculture ^...... H. S. FOUST Liquor Control ;... WM. C. BRYANT Banking. .^ THURMAN K. HAZARD Mental Health. CALVIN L. BAKER Budget r. . H. IBPEFENBACHER Mines.: . . STEPHEN WILUAMS Civil Defense. :...... LEO M. KREBER Motor Vehicles...... '. R. E. FOLEY Conservation A. W. MARION Parks .V. W. FLICKINGER Corporations TED W. BROWN Parole. ... .N.."....•... PERCY LOWERY Corrections ARTHUR L. GLATTKE Personnel '.-. CARL SMITH Education CLYDE HISSONG. Police GEORGE MINGLE Fire Marshal HARRY CALLAN Printing and Ptirchasing JOHN W. BUSH Fish and Game CHARLES A. DAMBACH Public Utilities and Railroads Food and Drugs...... CLARK W- VAN.SCHOIK '..... ROBERT L. MOULTON Forestry. .•. .•..'..... A. . O. A. ALDERMAN Securities. ..;... .MARGARET MAHONEY Geology .;. .JOHN H. MELVIN Taxation. IJOHN PECK Health JOHN D. PORTERFIELD', M.D. Unemployment Insurance ERNEST CORNELL Highways. . , .. . t. .THEODORE KAUER Veterans •.. . WM. B. HAINES Insurance,. . ...). .WALTER ROBINSON Water Resources C. V. YouNoquiST Labor .ALBERT A. WOLDMAN Welfare. t. • -. • • J. H. LAMNECK Library (Archives) JOHN Q. MARSH Workmen's Compensation R. W. MORSE ..' ' OKLAHOMA Nickname The Sooner State Bird.^. ....Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Motto Labor Omnia Vincit Song. .>. Oklahoma: A Toast . (Labor Conquers All Things) Entered the Union Flower. Mistletoe November \G, 1907 Capital City . ... .Oklahoma Citv \' i - Oklahoma, a wesf, south-central State, STATISTICS \ is mainly a rolling, treeless prairie with Area (square miles) . .469,031 heavily wooded, low mountains in the east Rank in Nation i. . 18th and elevated tablelands in the south-cen Populdtion (1950) : 2,233,351 tral, western, and northwestern sections. Rank in Nation (1950)., . . 25th Black Mesa, in the extreme northwest, is Density per square mile (1950) V.. .32.4 the highest point, 4,978 feet, and the low Number of Representative in Congress. . \.*. . .6* est, on the Red River, is 300 feet. The Fiscal Year.1950 (ended June 30, 1950): V Arkansas, Canadian, and Red, all in the General Revenue. 5243,544,000f General Expenditures. . . ."! $262,809,000 f Mississippi drainage system, are the prin State University University of Oklahoma» cipal rivers. The Great?,Salt Plains are Site . i Norman in»the northwestern part of the State. Capital City Oklahoma City Irf' 1949, about 14 million acres Were Population (1950) . 242,450 J under cultivation. Principal crops are Rank in State 1 st J wheat, oats, corn, cotton,.sorghum^ and Largest City ...... Oklahoma City J potatoes, and the total value of farm crop Population (1950).'. .242,450| products in 1949 was about ,$385 million.. Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .23| Oklahoma long has been one of the leading Number of Counties 77 •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures oil producers in the country. Other irn-'* tU. S. Bureau of Census report V portant minerals are natural gas, coal, JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures zinc, lead, limestone, and salt. Outstand ing industries are petroleum refining, meat packing, and other food products.; LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY Tulsa, the oil center of the State, is situ Oklahoma State Library ated on the Arkansas River. Oklahoma City, the largest city, is also the-capital. RALPH HUDSON, State Librarian The nine State parks and one national; HoLLis HANEY, Reference Librarian park offer excellent vacation facilities. The Legislative Reference Division of The State was originally composed of the State Library assists the Legislature, two sections, one of which, Indian Terri State officers, the Legislative Council, tory, had been set apart by |Congress.in appellate courts, and the State depart 1834 as a home for the "Five Civilized ments by reference, research, and technical Tribes." White people were barred as services. It has available a large collection settlers, but as a considerable, area in the of materials on governmental and legis reservation had not been occupied by the lative subjects. The division also collects, Indians the government purchased it, and summarizes, and digests information on the it was opened to setUers.in 1889. On April legislation of other governments. A file and 22 of that year, thousands of people were index of all State legislative documents is massed on the border and at the signal maintained, and the original bills intro- raced into the area. In 1890 this area was duced are received by the State Library for formed into Oklahoma Territory. In 1907, permanent filing. A legislative manuaLis Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory published. Bills are; drafted on request, were united and admitted into the Union Close relations are* maintained with the as the State of Oklahoma. ' State Legislative Council. 538 • ' -^•>~. \ •|' V OKLAHOMA OFFICERS Governor JOJINSTQN MURRAX Lieutenant Governor. .JAMES E. BERRY Secretary of State. . . .JOHN D. CONNER"""^-! Attorney General. MAC Q. WILLIAMSON State Treasurer A. S. J. SH'AW State Auditor. .VVILBURN CARTWRIGHT OKLAHOMA SUPREME COURT Chief Justice. , BEN ARNOLD Eight Associate Judges Term '.. . Six years Elected by popular vote • HON. JOE DUNN GOVERNOR Chairmaa of the CornmiMion on Jon.NSTON MURRAY Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate^ JAMES E. BERRY President Pro Tem of the Senate.BOYD COVV6EN Speaker Pro Tem of the Secretary of the Senate J. WILLIAM CORDELL House T-. JAMES R. WILLIAMS Speaker of the House ^AMES M. BULLARD Clerk of the House...... GUY K. HORTON Senators Repre&ttntatives Term Regular Session D .40 D ....99 Senate. .4 years Tuesday after first Monday in January, R 4 R. 19 House.. .2 years' biennially in odd years. Length: no con Total...... 44 Total 118 stitutional limit. COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION \ Administrative Members Senate Members House Members JOE DUNN, CAa/rmian LEON B. FIELD . , JACK COLEMAN DON BLUNDELL RAY FINE . E. T. DUNLAP MORTON R. HARRISON D..L. JONES PAUL HARKEY TOM J. LEE "BILL LOGAN J. D. MCCARTY MAC Q. WILLIAMSON FRANK MAHAN DON E. WELCH «, • . Ex-Ojfficio Honorary Members:TH E GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General. ROY W. KENNY Library (Indian Archrves).MARY JEANNE HANSEN Advertising. J. S. CLARK Library (Law) MRS. J, H. PrrcHFORD Aeronautics. .ELDON STOUT Library (State) :.. RALPH HUDSON Agriculture ,. HAROLD P. HUTTON' Mental Health = CHARLES F. OB^RMAN, M.D. Banking. O. B. MOTHERSEAD Mines. JOHN M. MALLORY Budget. DON C, BLUNDELL Motor Vehicles. .,...... FRANCIS MURPHY Corporations. . :..JEFF F. KENDALL Parks. RICHARD E. CHILES Corrections H. G. OLMSTEAD Planning and Development. . CHARLES D. PAYNE Education. ^.. . .OLIVER HODGE Police.,...... ; DIXIE GILMER Employment Service. .. ^,,1^. MORRIS LEONHARD PublidiAssistance CHARLOTTE C. DONNELL Fire Marshal. , . W. J, MARSHALL Public Utilities and. Railroads REFORD BOND Fish and Game...... E. W. DAHLGREN Purchasing IRA BAKER Food and Drugs BURLE.Y WALKER Securities „.... .HERSCHEL K. ROSS Forestry. DON STAUFFER Taxation. J. D. DUNN Geolog^ -,. .•:..:. . ROBERT H. DOTT Unemployment Insurance...... BRUTON WOOD •^ Health,...... GRADY F. MATTHEWS, M.D. Veterans DON DAVIS Highways. .G. A. STOLDT Water Resources...... ; IRA C. HUSKEY Insurance...... ! DONALD F, DICKEY Welfare ,.....-... LLOYD E. RADER Labor ;...... !>JIM HUGHES Workmen's Compensation ..>•:.. iJ.K. DONOVAN ^ -.•* OREGON Nickname .. .The Beaver State Bird VVcsttrn Meadovvlark Motto The.Union Song Oregon, My Oregon Flower Oregon Grape Entered the Union * ...February 14, 1859 Capital City ,, Salem Oregon, on the Pacific coait, is rugged on the Columbia. In 1859, Oregon was and mountainous in the west, where the admitted into the. Union. Cascade and Coast ranges parallel the STATISTICS ocean. Betw^n them lies the broad and Area (square miles) 96,315 fertile valley OT the Willamette. Mt. Hood, Rank in Nation. . .9th in the Cascades, is the highest point in the Population (1950) :...... ' 1,521,341 State (11,253 feet). ' • . Rank in Nationa (1950) 32nd The State has nearly one-fifth of the Density per square mile (1950) 15.8 Number of Representatives in Congress 4* total standing timber in the United States, Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): slightly more than one-half of it in nadonal General Revenue SI 64,248,000 f forests. In 1950 the value of lumber and General Expenditures. $169,606,000} lumber products exceeded $700 million. State University...... University of Oregon Site 1 .Eugene Farming interests are also extensive, Capital-City '...;... .Salem with about 5 million acres in crops and Population (1950) .43,064 J, '. more than 20 million acres in grazing Rank in State 2nd lands. The cash income from crops was .Largest City. . .* .Portland Population (mO) .-:. 371,011 J imore than $230 millit)n in 1950 and the Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .11 j value of livestock exceeded $170 million. Number'of Counties... * 36 Eastern Oregon produces chiefly wheat •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures and other small grains, hay, and livestock. • tU. S. Bureau of Census report Large orchards, truck gardens, and dairy JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures ing form the main farming interest in the LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCIES western valleys. Value of gold, silver, I Oregon State Library quicksilver, copper, lead, zinc, and non- ELEANOR STEPHENS, Librarian -^••* metallic products mined in 1950 was esti Statute Revision Council mated at $21 million. Manufactures are SAM R. HALEY, Revisor of Statutes based oh the timber, crops, and livestock,, Several agencies provide legislative ref of the State. Lumber, food, and paper erence service. The State Library main products ranked highest in value in 1947,' tains a government room for the use of The Columbia River Highway; Bonne members of the Legislature and State de ville Dam, part of the reclamation project partments, collects and indexes pertinent on the Columbia; Crater Lake, an extinct material, and conducts research. The volcano; Klamath Lakes; and the John Supreme Court Library renders research Day fossil region attract thousands of visi and library service.. The Department of tors annually. • Justice drafts bills and advises Legislators The Spanish explorer, Heceta, was the upon the validity of proposed measures. first white man to land on Oregon soil The Statute Revisor drafts bills and ad .(1775). In 1805 the American explorers, vises and assists members of the Legislature Lewis and Clark,.reached the mouth of and State departments in drafting legisla the Coliimbia and they were followed by tion. The Legislative Service and Refer ti>^ders representing British and American ence Bureau, University of Oregon, a semi fur interests. In 1811 the Pacific Fur official bureau directed by the heads of five Company, under %e direction of John university departments, conducts investi Jacob Astor, founded the town of Astoria, gations, makes fepqrts, and drafts bills.- 540 ^ OREGON ^541 OFFICERS Governor, .j DOUGLAS MCKAY Lieutenant Governor None Secretary of State.... EARL T. NEWBRY . Attorney General. GEORGE VV. NEUNER State Treasurer. . .WALTER J. PEARSON State Auditor, EARL T. NEWBRY OREGON SUPREME COURT Chief Justice. JA.MES T.' BRAND Six /\ssociate Justices Term ; .Six years ; Elected by popular vote HON.- GEOROE H. FLAOO GOVERNOR' Chairman' of the Comminion on DOUGLAS MCKAY Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate PAUL PATTERSO.N Speaker of the House ... ..JOHN STEELHAMMER Chief Clerk MRS. ZYLPHA ZELL BURNS Chief Clerk.. CLARIBEL BUF^ Senators Representativeis Term Regular Session D...;...... ; 9 D..., .9 . Senate. . 4 years Second Monday in January, biennially in. R.....;.....2. 1 R .....51 House.. .2 years odd years. Length: 50 days. Total. ...30 Total 60 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Se,nate Members House Members GEORGE H. FLAGG, Chairman •"SAM COON RAYMOND G, COULTER HARRY S. DORM AN ROBERT D. HOLMES CARL H. FRANCIS CHARLES STRICKLIN EUGENE E. MARSH FRANCIS W. ZIEGLER Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant Qeneral..; .>\ ...... THOMAS E. RILEA Library (Archives) DAVID C. DUNIWAY Advertising \ .. . MANLEY F. ROBISON Library (Law) RAY STRINGHAM , . .W. M. BARTLETT Library (State) ELEANOR STEPHENS . ERVIN L. PETERSON Liquor Control. .WM. A. BINGHAM Banking V. A. A. ROGERS Mental Health. ROY H, MILLS Budget... . .; .V ...... L. J. YOUNG Mines., ..;-...... '. F. W. LIBBEY Civil Defense \. JACK HAYES Motor Vehicles...... EARI^T. NEWBRY Corpbrations , \. MAURICE HUDSON Old Age Assistance ,. ^_^. .^ . .BOA HOWARD Corrections. :.. .ROY H. MH.LS Parks.;...... 'T^... C. H? ARMSTRONG Drugs ..•••• .'\WALTER RHODES Parole. * .H. M- RANDALL Education .\... REX PUINAM. Personnel...,' ; .JAMES M. CLINTON Equalization of Assessments.ROBERT D. MACLEAN Planning and Development. ROBERT VV. SAWYER Finance. HARRY S. DORMAN Police ..;..... H. G; MAISON Fire Marshal. ; .R.OBERT'B. TAYLOR Printing E. C. HOBBS Fish.....- ARNJE J. SUOMELA Public Utilities and Railroads. GEORGE H. FLAGC Food."*...... \0. K. BEALS Purchasing WILLIAM STEVEKSON Game P. W. SCHNEIDER Securities MAURICE HUDSON Geology ,F, VV. LIBBEY Unemployment Insurance. SILAS GAISER Health, ...... ^^^.,H. M. ERICKSON, M.D. Veterans. VV. F. GAXRENSTROOM. Highways /^v...... R. H. BALDOCK Water Resources CHAS E. STRICKLIN Insurance. .ROBERT B. TAYLOR Welfare..,".... LoA HOWARD Labor. .' W. E. KIMSEY Workrrien's Compensation...... PAUL E. GURSKE PENNSYLVANIA Nickname The Keystone State Bird Ruffed Grouse Motto. Virtue, Liherty and Independence. '^^ No official sonA ' Flower,...... Mountain Laurel Entered the Union . \- ...... December 12, 1787 Capital City., Harrisburg Pennsylvania, in the Appalachian re STATISTICS gion, is rugged and mountainous, sloping Area (square miles) ; . .45,045 from sea level at Philadelphia, in the Dela Rank in Nation.. 32nd ware valley, westward to a maximum alti Population (1950).... 10,498,012 Rank in Nation (1950) .3rd tude of 3,214 feet at Mt. Davis. Density per square mile (1950)....;... .233.1 The Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, Number of Representatives in Congress. . . . .30* which unite'to form the Qhio,.and the Fiscal Year 1950 (ended May 31, 1950): Delaware, the Susquehanna, and the „ General Revenue. S670,701,000t General Expenditures 8962,283,000} . Schuylkill, are scenically beautiful and are Institution of Higher Education important routes of navigation. Pennsylvania Stajg College Industry is the chief source of income. Site State College In 1949, more than 1.5 million persons Capital City . . . H^risburg were employed in manufacturing; and the Population (1950) 89,0911 Rank in State...... ••••• .7th j leading products, in value, were pig iron, Largest City! Philadelphiaj steel, coke, machinery, processed foods, Population (1950) .. 2,064^794 j apparel, petroleum, paper and printing, Number of Cities over 10,000 Population... .95 % textiles, cement,, and glass. In 1949 also, Number of Counties 67 ^—^^^^•^ * ' • *A3 alJocated on basis of 1950 population 177,036 w&pe employed in the pi-oduction tU. S. Bureau of Census report of anthracite and bituminous coal, stone, . iBased on preliminary 1950 population figures crude oil, and iron ore.. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY^ More than 260,000 persons are engaged in farming. Pennsylvania is one of the out Legislative Reference Bureau standing livestock and poultry States, 75 S. EDWARD HANNESTAD, Director per cent of the farm cash income being The Bureau drafts most of the bills-intro drawn from those sources. It leads all duced, in the General Assembly, and for" States .in v^lue.oC chickens and eggs sold, va,rious departments' of the State; main and is thjra in the value of dairy products. tains a legislative reference and inquiry In 19^ Pennsylvania's leading crop was service. It keeps files of printed legislative corn, followed by hay, wheat, oats, pota documents and records, as well as those of toes, commercial truck crops, cigar leaf departments, boards^ and commissions of •y tobacco, apples, barley, and peaches. the State government and other public and The high industrialoutput of- th- e Stat- e i-s private agencies. Copies of all audits of reflected in its numerous cities. Pittsburgh, State funds are deposited with the Bureau, in the' west, is the center of metal produc- The Bureau prepares the index and chron- tion. Thiladelpliia, an industrial and ship- . ological table of acts, published in the bi- ping center, is of historic interest to all ennial volumes of the session laws and co- Americans. The scenically beautiful Poco- ' operates with the Joint State Government nos and'Alleghenys are well known resort Commission and its committees in corn- areas, pihng statutes for revision or codificatiori, The State was named in honor of William in advising its members on preparation of Penn, its founder, who established a Quak- legislation,' and in drafting bills for meas- er colony in 1682"under a land grant from ' ures recommended by it for enactment. ,the crown. Pennsylvania joined the Union Topical compilations of laws are prepared as.oneofthethirteenoriginalStat.es. | for publication.. ••'542 • ••• .•; ' - PENNSTLVANIA 543 OFFICERS Governor . '... .JOHN S. FINE Lieutenant Governor. LLOYD H. WOOD Secretary of the Comrnonwealth ...... -.. .. .GENE D. SMITH Attorney General.ROBERT E. VVOODSIDE State Treasurer.. . CH.ARLES R., BARBER Auditor General; WELDON B.^ HEYBURN PENNSYLVANIA SUPREME COURT Chief Justice J.\MES B. DREW Six Associate Judges Term Twenty-one years Ho.N. NORMAN VVooD »> GOVERNOR Elected by popular vote Chairman of the Commission on JOHN S. FINE Interstate Cooperation , LEGISLATURE " ' President of the Senate ; . .LLOYD H. WOOD President Pro Tern '. Speaker of the Ho.use. HERBERT P. SORG of the Senate...... M> HARVEY TAYLOR Chief Clerl. 7 -^ Secretary of the Senate... .G. HAROLD WATKINS of the House. WILLIAM E. I^AteBYSHAW Senators Representatives Term Regular Session yO 20 D. ...i37 Senate. . 4 years First Tuesday in January, biennially in odd R.. 30 R.rT!V ..120 House.. .2 years yeans. Length: no constitutional limit. Total 50 Vacancy \.... 1 Total 208 COMMISSION ON INTERSTAIE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members CuAkLES A, BARBER EDWARD B. WATSON, NORMAN WOOD, Chairman WM. S. LIVENGOOD Vice-chairman HIRAM G. ANDREWS MONTGOMERY F, CROWE, .SVf>'. . ALBERT JOHNSON JOHN H. DENT . '• CHARLES C SMITH GEORGE B. SCARLETT HERBERT P SORG . G. ROBERT WATXINS Ex-oJJicio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR \ • •„. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General .FRANK A. WEBER Library (Law) DOUGLAS A, PORTZLINE Aeronautics....; W. L. ANDERSON Library (State) ALFRED D; KEATOR Agriculture MILES HORST Liquor GontroL . ... .\ . . .FREDERICK T. GELDER Banking L. M. CAMPBELL Mental Health . HILDING BENGS, M.D. Budget...; .EDW; B. LOGAN Mines '..... RIC^^ARD MAIZE Civil Defense...... DR. R. GERSTELL Motor Vehicles; ..-. .ALVIN C. WALKER Commerce .ANDREW J. SORDONI Old Age Assistance... .MRS. ELEANOR G. EVANS Corporations "...EDGAJR T. HAMMER Parks .WALTER L.WIRTH Education ' FRANCIS B. HAAS Parole. HENRY C. HILL Employment Service A. ALAN SULCOWE Personnel T. JOHN F. ROYER Fire Marshal. . . ? . WM. F. TRAEGER Planning and Development.....;. .F. A. PITKIN Fish ,. C. A. FRENCH Police...... r .....CM. WILHELM Forestry.'....'. M. F. DRAEMEL Purchasing...... ^T .. .. .F^ CARL ANDERSON Game. ' THOMAS D. FRYE Securities RAYMOND A. Cox Health...... ;...... R. E. TEAGUE. Taxation..... :v ...... OTTO F. MESSNER Highways,...... ;.. RAY F. SMOCIC Unemployment Insurance...... «. A. J. CARUSO Insurance ARTEMAS C. LESLIE Veterans FRANK A. WEBER, Labor. DAVID M. WALKER Welfare. .. . WM. C. BROWN /^ Library (Archives) S. K. STEVENS Workmen's Compensation.;...... LEO KNOLL > - ^ .,/. N/ RHODE ISLAND Nickname. .Little Rhody Flower Violet "^^ Motto Hope .Song . r, Rhode Island Tree. .. .^ .-...... Maple Entcre'd the Union. ..May 29, 1790-^ Capital City...;...... Providence . Rhode Island, a ^e4few England State STATISTICS (area, 1,214 square miles), is the smallest Area (square miles) .....; . .1,214 State in the Union, The low, rounded hills Rank in'Nation...... !.. .'. . .. .48th in the north slope down to a narrow coastal Popalation (1950), . . .. ,'. .% .'.791,896 plain indented by a series of deep bays Rank in Nation (1950)':.. ! . . 36th opening into the Atlantic Ocean. The highest elevation (at Foster, in Providence Density per square milc"'(1950) 749.2 County) is 812 feet' Rivers are an efficient Number of Representatives in Congress....:.2* source of waterpower. Fiscal Year 1950 fended June 30, 1950): The population is chiefly urban, al General Revenue S51-,642,430 though 1949 receipts from sales of farm General Expenditures 5^25.028 crops,. livestock, and livestock pi-oducts Ins/titution of Higher Education *^ totaled approximately $22 million...... University of Rhode Island The manufactures are much more im Site . ... Kingston portant and extensive, the textile industry Capital City...... Providence accounting for more than half of their total Population (1950) ...... 247,700 % value. The first cotton spinning mill in the United States was established at Pawtucket. Rank in State...... ;...... 1st J in the eighteenth century. Jewelry, ma Largest City (1950) ^. .Providence^ chinery,, rubber goods are also important Population (1950). .^, 247,700 j products. More than half of the persons Number of Cities and Towns over 10,000 employed are engage^, in manufacturing. Population .171§ Woonsocket, Providence, and Pawtucket Number of Counties 5 are the principal industrial centers. —'-^,— ^^ •'".'• The seacoast is a well-known vacation •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ttJ. S. Bureau of Census report • v land.'One of the summer resorts, Newport, tBascd on preliminary 1950 population figures a farnous watering place, is also a naval • • jlncludcs 10 towns over 10,000 population , port. . Rhode'Island was founded by.refugees LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY from Massachusetts under the le'adership Legislative Reference Bur^u of Roger Williams, who made the first set State Library ^. tlements at Providence in 1636, ..and at Portsmouth on the island of Aquidneck in MABEL G. JOHNSON 1638. In 1644 the islajid and the mainland Legislative Reference.Librarian towns wereunited.nn a colony called Prov The Legislative Reference Bureau un idence Plantations, and in. 1663, after the dertakes to furnish complete legislative name of Aquidneck had been changed to reference service. It supplies information Rhode Island, the province was officially on the laws of other States, on legislation designated.by its present name—Rhode enacted in Rhode Island at any~ time, and Island and Providence Plantations. The. maintains ready references to legislative colony was the scene of' many struggles material. Pending legislation in Rhode Is both on sea and on land during the Revo land "and several other States is available. lutionary War. it joined the Union as one Bills are drafted, and general advice given of the thirteen original States. on municipal as wejl as State probleftis. 544 \ «? RHODE ISLAND 545 OFFICERS Governor ;.... DENNIS J. ROBERTS Lieutenant Governor r.JoHN S. MCKIERNAN Secretary of State ARMAND H. COT6 Attorney General,.WILLIAM E. POVVERS Director of Department of Administration.HOWARD A. KENYON General Treasurer ...... RAYMOND H. HAWKSLEY Auditor ELPHEGE J. GOULET Controller. M. JOSEPH CUMMINGS RHODE ISLAND SUPREME COURT Chief Justice .EDMUND W. FLYNN Four Associate Justices \ Term: Until place is declared.vacant by i(Qgislature Elected^ay both houses of the Legislature HERMAN D. FERRARA GOVERNOR in grand committee Chairman of the Commission on DENNIS J. ROBERTS Interstate Cooperation . LEGISLATURE President of the Senate .JOHN S. MCKIERNAN President Pro Tem Speaker of the House...... HARRY F. CJURVIN of the Senate. JAMES J. BRADY Recording Clerk ' ' Secretary of the Seniate...... ARMAND H. COT6 of the House. RAYMOND^. HENDERSON Senators Representatives : Term; Regular Session R...... 22 R...... 32 Senate i . 2 years First Tuesday in January, annually. D...... :•.. .22 D...... ;. .67 House.. .2 years Length: 60 days with pay; period may be Total. .44 Vacancy 1 extended. Total 100 .. COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION ^ Adnbinistrative Members Senate Members Hou^e Merhbcrs SIDNEY CLIFFORD ^ JAMES J. BRADY HERMAN D. FERRARA, WM. C. E, WiLCZEK , . RAY.MOND A. MCGABE Chairman • ' JOSEPH PEZZULO EA.RLE M.BYRNE, Secy. WILLIAM B. SWEENEY • JOSEPH E. MALLEY : . " JOHN J. WRENN Ex-officio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR, SPEAKER OF HOUSE, ATTORNEY GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General ,. .JAMES A. MURPHY Library (State). . . . ; GRACJEM. SHERWOOD Aeronautics ... .ALBERT R. TAVANI Liquor Conti-ol...... JAMES S. DANEKER Banking. .A. CHMIELEWSKI Mental Health .... .EDWARD P. REIDY .. Budget. EDWARD P. CONATY Motor Vehicles . . .LAURE B. LUSSIER Civil Defense. .JAMES A. MURPHY Old Age Assistance...... ELIZ^ETH M. SMITH CoiWrvation .'.. .FRANCIS S. LEAVER Parole JO^N G. MTJTRPHY Corporations ARMAND H. COT£ Personnel. ...•.;.... CHARLES H.CUSHMAN Corrections'. .EDWARD P. REIDY Planning and Development. HARRY L. WHITNEY Education. . .MICHAEL F. WALSH Police COL. JOHN T. SHEEHAN Empfoyment Service.....:. . .T. EDWARD BURNS Public Utilities and Railroads Finance...... ;:...... HOWARD A. KEN'YON , ..;. . .. .THOMAS .A.. KENNELLY . Fire Marshal ....;..... COL. JOHN T.. SHEEHAN Public Works:...... PHILIP S. MANCINI Fish and Game EDWARD C. HAYES, JR. Purchasing FRANICLVN A. ADAMS Forestry and Parks SAMUEL W. SMITH, JR. Securities.,.: : • • • Louis J. BARRY Health.. ...:...EDWARD A. MCLAUGHLIN, M.D. Ta.xation FREDERICK M. LANGTON Highways. GEORGE H. HENDERSON Unemployment Insurance THOMAS H. BRIDE Insurance...... GEORGE A..!^BISSON Veterans..:'.. .•. . :.^...CHESTER W. WILLIAMS ^; Labor...... "". ARTHUR W. DEVINE Water Resources. WALTER J. SHEA Library (Archives)...... ;... MARY T. QUINN Welfare .;....:....:... EDWARD P. REIDY Librar^^ (Law)....'...... "CLARENCE H, SHOREN ,Wprkmen*s Compensation. .EDWARD I. FRIEDMAN \. SOUTH CAROLINA Nickname. ... .The Palmetto State Flower...... i Yellow Jessamine Motto. . . . .Animis Opibiisque Parati Bird...... Carolina Wren (Pr^pared^n Mind and Resources) ^^^^ ... .Carolina Tree. . Palmetto . Entered the Union ..May 2?), 1788 Capita! City Columbia • • •• • . • A.^. ••• • . South Carolina, the! "Palmetto" State, a crown colony i-n 1729. It joined the . has a broad coastal plain that slopes up Union as one of the thirteen- original ward to the Piedmont plateau, which is States. ' bordered on the northwest by the Appa lachian Mountaints. The highest point in ,the Sliate, 3,548 feet, is at Sassafras Moun-r . STATISTICS tain on the North Carolina State line. The Area .(square miles) ...... 30,305 principal rivers are the Savannahj Edisto, Rank in Nation ,39th Santee, and Pee Dee, with their tributaries. Population (1950) . .' .=2,117,027 The State, basically agricultural, pro ' Rank in Nation (1950)...... 27th duces cotton,, tobacco, cofn, oats, potatoes, Density per square mile (1950)...... -. .69.9 other vegetables, and fruits, which in 1947 Number of Rcpi:cscntatives in Congress. . . ; . .6* were valued at about S411 million. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): . •• An abundance of water power has con General Revenue. S129,266,000t tributed greatly to the developrhent of in-* General Expenditures , .SI50,801,000f dustry in recent years. Principal manu State University... .University of South Carolina factured products are textiles, valued at Site . . . . . Columbia more than SI billion in the fiscal year Capital City ...... ,... Columbia ^946-47, forest products (S137,490,00(J), Population (1950)...... 85,949 { food products ($85,837,000), and paper • Rank in State. .lst$ and pulp ($59,117,000). From the forests, Largest City...... Columbiaf almost 58 per cent of the total area, come Population (1950) .. 85,949$ yellow pine lumber and turpentine. Clay, Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.. . .10$ granite, sand, and gravel are leading min Number of Counties 46 eral resources. 'As allocated oh basi-. of 1950 population figures The coastal area abounds in good hunt tU. S. Bureau of Cent is report. '- .' ing and fishing and has become a popular jBased on preliminary lOSOxpopulation figures year-round resort area. Aiken and Gam- 1 den are winter resorts for polo enthusiasts. LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY^. The Middleton Place Gardens at Charles ton, dating from 1740, are the oldest for Legislative Council mal gardens in the United States, and that L. G. MERRITT, Director city contains rnany sites of historic inter est. The eighteen State parks and six State The three-man Legislative Council forests are all popular with tourists. was created by an act of the 1949 General Early Spanish and French attempts at Assembly, and it began operation in June, colonization were checked by the hostili 1949. General purpose of the Council ties of the Indians and the raids of Sir is to provide a permanent, non-partisan Francis Drake. In 1670", at Albemarle agency to serve the Legislature by pro Point, the English made their first perma viding research, reference, and bill drafting nent settlement,; and this was later trans facilities. In addition, the Council re ferred to the site, of the present city of search division may make prelimiiiai'y Charleston- Although at first granted to studies on any subject at the request of proprietors by Charles It, the area became members or committees of the Legislature. 546 •'^•; SOUTH CAROLINA 547 OFFICERS • Governor, iI JAMES F. BYRNES Licutenani; jpovernor. ' JRGE BELL TIMMERM^N, JR. Secretary of State ;l . O. FRANK THORNTON Attorney General..;.. .T. C. CALLISON State Treasurer JEFF B. BATES State Auclitor...... -. . ^. . J. M. SMiT^i Comptrolaer General. . . , E. G. RHODES SOUTH CAROLL\A SUPREME COURT ^ Chief Justice D. GORDON B.AKER Pour Associate Justices . Term...... '.•. Ten years HON. EDGAR A.BROW.N GOVERNOR Klefleetec d by General Assembly Chairman of the Commission on JAMES F. BYRNES Interstate Copperatlon ; LEGISLATURE -President of the Senate ,../ . Clerk of the Senate LOVICK O, THOMAS . . ."... .•\...... GEORGE BELLTIMMERMAN, JR. Speaker of .the House...... SOLOMON BLATT President Pro Tern / ' Clerk of the House >...... JAMES E. HuiSiTER, JR. of the Senate...... EDGAR A. BROWN . _^ • . Senators "^ Representatives . Teirm ' Regular Session D...... ;. .46 D 124 . Senate. .4 years Second Tuesday in January, annually. Total. . . ; .^. .46 .Total,^;,.. . .124 House.. .2 years Length: no constitutional limit. . COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION : Administrative Members Senate Members.. ,. House Members SOLOMON JBLATT : IffiGAR A. BROWN, Chairman R. J. AYCOCK MILLER G. FOSTER Li. MARION GRESSETTE NATHANIEL W. CABELL J.\MEs E-. HUNTER, JR. W. BRANTLEY HARVEY •; JOHN W. FOARD, JR. WYNDHAMM. MANNIN.G J. D. PARLER ,/ ', TRACY J. GAINES O. FRANK THORNTON ERNEST E. RICHARDSON '• JOHN J. SNOW . Ex-officio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS . Adjutant General..''...... JAMES G. DOZIER Library (Archives) ...... J. H. EASTERBY i Aeronautics...... O.L. ANDREWS Library (Law)...... :... MRS. EMMA H. MOTTE ; Agriculture ..,..,,. J. ROY JONES Librafy_ (State)'...... MRS. VIRGINIA G. MOODY ; Banking. VV. ROYDEN WATKINS LiqiKJr Gohtrol...... JAMES W, GRAIN i Budget. JAMES F. BYRNES Mental Health: .WM; P. BECKMAN, M.D.i Civil Defense....-.. .MAJ. GEN. JAMES G. DOZIER Motor Vehicles. .H. E.QuAftLEsI Conservation...... QaAs. N. PLOWDEN Old Age Assistance.;....'... .ARTHUR B. RIVERS! Corporations, . .O. FRANK THORNTON Parks ..C. WEST JACOCKSi Corrections.'...... WYNDHAM M. MANNING Parole! ...... : :, '. ., /. J...C. TODD Education .JESSE T. ANDERSON Planning and Development.CHARLES N. PLOWDEN Employment Service . . .W. RHETT.HARLEY Police...... :...... O. LINDSEY BRADV Equalization of Assessments.... .JAMES Wi GRAIN Printing...... ;/:B. P. DAVIES Fire Marshal...... W. R. WHITMORE Public Assistance. F. A. DEAN Fish .and Game...... A. A. RICHARDSON Public Utilities and Railroads.'.CHARLES A. RICE Food and Drugs...... BEN F. WYMAN, M.D. Purchasing....;...... ROBERT.Kmo Forestry; .<>. . . ," v...... :CHAS. H. FLORY Securities...:...... i-D. D. MURPHY Geology . L. L. SMITH Taxation...... JAMES W. GRAIN Health...... BENF. WYMAN, M.D. Unemployment Insurance. . . B. FRANK GODFREY Highways...... -...... G. R. MCMILLAN Veterans. ..,...... -..!.. .R. STEDMAN SLOAN Insurance...... ;...... D. D. MURPHY Welfare...... '.ARTHUR B. RIVERS Labor. WM. FRED PONDER Workmen's Compensation. . .HENRY^G. .WALKER ; } SOUTH DAKOTA Nickname.... ^ji-;^The Coyote State Bird..' .Ringnecked Pheasant Motto..... Under Gbd the People Rule Song. Hail, South Dakota -Flower. ; . . <...... Pasque Flower Entered the Union November 2,1889 ,^ . ~~" Capital City ..Pierre • South Dakota is part of the agricultural discovery of gold in the Black Hills was fol Great Plains area. Nearly 75 per cent of its lowed by a rush of settlers to Custer and employed population is engaged in farm Deadwood. '• South Dakota entered the ing and its dependent industries. A rich Unionin 1889. American granary, South Dakota num bers wheat, corn, barley, oats,. flax/ rye^ STATISTICS . hayv and potatoes as principal crops. Live stock include beef and dairy cattle, hogs, Area (square miles) 76,536 and sheep. Rank in Nation . .• .15th Gold and silver are mined in the Black Population (1950) ...... -. .^. 652,740 Hills, and other mineral resources include Rank in Nation (1950)...... /..,...... 40th bentonite, tungsten, feldspar, lithium, and Density per square mile (1950)...... 8,5 building stone.. Number of Representatives in. Congress 2*, Most of the State is a broad, rolling plain Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): drained and bisected by the ^Missouri General Revenue...... \ ...... §57,423,000 f River. Other important streams are Big General Expenditures...... i.. $77,531,000 f Sioux; James, Cheyenne, and White, all State University. •.... University of South Dakota tributaries of the'^issouri. In the south Site. :Vermillion west lie the Bl^ck Hills, one of which, Capital City .'...... ,.,.. Pierre Harney Peak, with an altitude of 7,242 feet, Population (1950)...... ;...... ;.. .5,6'90t is the highest point-in the United States Rankin State...... :.... .^ ....lOthj. east of the Rocky Mountains. Largest City...... Sioux FallsJ Four-fifths of the woodland area as well Population (1950)... . . i ...... 52,161 J as extensive fossil forests and other notable Number of Cities over 10,000 Population.'. ... .6 J geological deposits are found in the Black Number of Organized Counties .,.....•..>.. . 64 Hills. Their scenic beautyj their fish and . Unorganized Counties .•...... :.4 game, and the Mt. Rus'hmore Memorial •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures have made them a famous vacation resort. fU. S. Bureau of Census report Other attractions for tourists are the pic- tBascd on preliminary 1950 population figures . . turesqiie Bad Lands, seventeen State parks,, and the glacial lakes in the northeast. The LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY State contains six Indian reservations. Legislative Research Council In 1743, a bantl of Frenchmen, led by W. O. FARBER, Director of Legislative Research the Verendrye brothers, first explored South Dakota, and they were followed by The 1951 Legislature provided for a fur traders from St. Louis and #Canada. Legislative Research Council, consisting of The Louisiana Purchase of 1^3 trans seven Senators arid eight Representatives. ferred the area to the United States. The The Council will investigate fields requir first pei-manent settlement was built close ing, legislation and propose the necessary to the modern site of Pierre. In 1874 the legislation.. 548 7 SOUTH DAKOTA /• - OFFICERS _ Governor.....-...;. SIGURD ANDERSON Lieutenant Governor..;-. . .REX TERRY Secretary of State.GERALDINEOSTROOT Attorney General . .RALPH A. DUNHAM State Treasurer. .THEODORE MEHLHAF State Auditor LAWRENCE MAYES State Comptroller J. C. PENNE ^ • • SOyTH DAKOTA ' SUPREME COURT » iPrcsiding Judge .HERBERT B. RUDOLPH Four other judges All five judges are of equal rank i at all times , Term. . Six years HON. BERNARD LINN . GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on SiouRD ANDERSON . Elected by popular vote Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE ' . . President of the Senate .REX TERRY President Pro Tem^of the Senate.' ED.'T. ELK|NS Speaker of the House.... .t, .HUGH H. STOKES Secretary of the Senate...... NIELS JENSEN Clerk of the House. . , ...... T.... . W. J. MATTSON Senators Representatives Term Reg^ilkr Session "D...... 6 D. .^ ...:'. ...8 Senate. .2 years Tuesday after firat MoWday in January, R...,...... 28 R. ..6 House.. .2 years, biennially in odd y6ars. Length: 60 days. Vacancy .... .1 Vacancy...." Total...... 35 Total...... 75 COMMISSION- ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members SIGURD ANDERSON, Go£;«rnor J. H. LAMMERS ALBRO G. AYRES BERNARD LINN, Chairman J. E. LEHMANN ARTHUR B. CAHALAN DON'W. BEATY F. E. MANNING O. A. QUAIL " RALPH DUNHAM . WILLIAM SCHENK HUGH. H. STOKES GERALDINE OSfROOT REX TERRY Ex-offwio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... THEODORE A. ARNDT Library (Archives)...... WILL G.. ROBINSON Advertising. .A. H. PANKOW Library (Law)...... 'FRANCIS PINCKNEY Aeronautics...... :..; .L. V. HANSON Library (State)...... , .MERCEDES MACKAY Agriculture. .:...... L. V. A^SMAN Liquor Control...... ^.vW. R.'. WILDER Banking.. -.. VERN ABEEL Mental Health. V,. ....' ".. .FLORENCE DUNN.' Budget ...... ;. DONALD W. BEATY Mines ..... M. CLAIR SMITH Civil Defense...... R. P. HARMON Motor Vehicles.... .; GERALDINE OSTROOT Conservation....:.....-...... DAVID PEARSON Old Age Assistance MATTHEW FURZE Corporations. .*...... GERALDINEOSTROOT Parole .J. L. QUINN -Corrections,...... GLADYS PYLE Personnel. ... . ;HOWARD C. SELVIO Education:...... ;...... HAROLD S. FREEMAN Police ..; ..... W. J. GOETZ Employment Service.. ^..... 'ALLAN WILLIAMSON Printing and Purchasing.... .DONALD W. BEATY Fire .Marshal ....•• ...:.. .WM. WALKER Public Assistance...... ^-f^MAJTHEW FURZE Fish and Game...... ELMER PETERSON . Public Utilities and Railroads. .. .E. F. NORMAN Forestry and Parks. ....;... HARRY WOODWARD Securities...... ;..;...... DON MITCHELL Geology .E. P. ROTHROCK Taxation; W. R. WILDER Health ...... G. J. VANHEUVELEN, M.D. Veterans ,...... ;... .E. A.JONES Highways 1 .. ...; .HARVARD REMPFER Water Resources...... D. W. LOUCKS Insurance .D. E. MITCHELL" Welfare. :....t.^;...... MATTHEW FURZE Labor ...... :". WILLIAM J. FLITTIE Workmen's Cotnpensatiqn.. .VVILLIAM J. FLITTIE . '<«: ,C v.. TENNESSEE V r^ickname.... .The Volunteer State Bird. .Mockingbird Mottoi.-.. :. Agriculture and Commerce Song...... My Horneland, Tennessee Flower. ..;. .Iris Entered the Union... .Tunc 1, 1796 ."•• Capital City^ Nashville • ,'•-•&•':. • . • • ' %r: . . . . • Eastern Tennessee is a mountainous ary, Marquette, traversed the river. The airea, from which a graduaf slope descends territory was for many years a part of to a central plateau and thence to the North Carolina but in 1796 it was ad- Mississippi valley, on the western bound- . mitted to the Union as a separate State, ary. Clingmans Dome, the highest point • in the State, 6,642 feet, is in the Great " STATISTICS ; Smokies on the North Carolina border, Area (square miles)...... — .. .41,797 and the lowest point, 182 feet, is in Shelby p ^^"V" n^ocm' •''' • ''' -^ Vo,^7^» ^ .. . ^L 'u * rru Population (1950)...... 3,291,718 County, in -the southwest corner. The ^^nk in Nation (1950)....;...... :.. 16th Mississippi is a rnain artery of commerce. Density per square mile (1950) ...... 78.8 The Tennessee River valley is the scene Number of Representatives in Congress...... 9* nf ^: -- /. TENJYESSEE ¥\ 551 OFFICERS • jGovcrnor GORDON BROWNING Lieutenant Governor WALTER M. HAYNES Secretary of State. JAMES H. CUMMINGS Attorney General ROY H. BEELER State Tr<;asu^er VV. N. ESTES State Comptroller CEDRIC HUNT -TENNESSEE SUPREME COURT Chief Justice. , ALBERT B. NEIL Four .Associate Judges »• Term : Eight years Elected by popular vote HON. ROBERT. G. ALLISON GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on GORDON BROWNING Intergovernmental Cooperation LEGISLATURE Speaker of the Senate.... .WALTER M. HAYNES Speaker of the House. MCALLEN FOUTCH Clerk of the Senate HOMER H. WALDROP Clerk of the House; ; J. FRED MOSES V Senators Representatives Term 1 Regular Session D.. :29 D.. .• 80 Senate. .2 years First Monday in January, biennially in odd R...... 4 R.. .\...... 19 House... 2 years years. Length: no limit, but only 75 days Total...... 33 Total!. 99 with pay. COMMISSION INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIOxN Administrative Members Senate Members *•- House Members •"''^•^ ROBERT G.*ALLISON, CAairman HARRY*^. BURN ' •I. D. BEASLEY •> ROY H. BEELER BROOKS ESLICK HOYT BRYSON • jAJiES H. CUMMINGS -^ CHARLES EVERHART THOMAS A. JOHNSON HAROLD V. MILLER FORREST LADD LOIS KELLY CHARLES F. WAYLAND, JR. ALFRED MACFARLAND ROBERT M. MURRAY • Ex-nfficio I^onorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE -^ ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS '"^^••^y... Adjutant General.'.[:...... SAM T. WALLACE Labor JAMES L. CASE Advertising. ...;'.'.. .B. T. GREGORY Library (State and Archives).. .DAN M. ROBKON Aeronautics...... ^ ...... TOM OL KESTERSON Liquor Control. •. J. S. PALMORE Agriculture ..'."...... '. EDWARD JONES Mental Health HOUSTON BROWN Banking...... H. B. CLARKE: vMines- .J. A. WELCH •Budget ..';.". . . ROBERT G. ALLISOI!1 Motbr Vehicles .A. H.-|IICHARDSPN Civil Defense BRIG. GEN. CLAUDE M. ADAMS Parks. e S. C. TAYLOR Cpmmerce .GEO. L WHITLATCH Parole. .PRIESTLY MILLER Conservation. C.-P. SWAN Personnel. -. .HE.NRY W. BEAUDOIN CorjX)ratipns JAMES H. CUMMINGS Planning and Development.. HAROLD V. MILLER Corrections HOUSTON BROWN Police.. SAM K. NEAL Education .. .J, A. BARKSDALE Public Utilities and Railroads.HAMMOND FOWLER -EmpIoyment-ServicCT-rrT-rrT-T-rr^^rTrPAUL-jESSEN— Public Works. . : . . .M. B, CORN Fire Marshal M. O. ALLEN Purchasing W. R. JARRELL \ Fish and Game .JOHN D. FINDLAY ^Sanitation R. P. FARRELL Food and Drugs....,....; EUGENE H. HOLEMAI^ Securities M. O. .ALLEN Forestry . ...! CARL L PETERSON Taxation .JOHN FUQUA KIZER Geology. HERMAN W. FERGUSON Unemployment Insurance.. .EMMETT L. CO.NNOR Health R. H. HUTCHESON, M.D, Veterans ,.. .JAMES L. CRIDER Highways. C. W. BOND Welfare. „:...". . -,... .J. O. MCMAHAN Insurance., M. O. ALLEN Workmen's Compensation.... .DEVVCEY WHITTLE V TEXAS <& Nickname... .The Lone Star State Bird.:-.-?' Mockingbird Motto. ..."..... Friendship Song...... Texas, Our Texas Flower .Bluebonnet Entered The Union .....December 29, 1845 , Capital City. Austin Texas, on the Mexican border, is the . STATISTICS : :^;, largest State4n the Union (area 265,896 Area (square miles). '. 263,513 square miles). Its great central plain is Rank in Nation •. ..; . . . T. 1st bounded on the west by a mountainous Population (1950)...... 7,711,194 area with a maximum altitude of .8,751 Rank in Nation (1950) :...... 6th feet, and on the east by a southward ex Density per square mile (1950) .'".'29.3 tension of the central prairies. A wide, flat coastal plain extends along the Gulf of Number of Representatives in Gangress..... 22 * Mexico. Chief rivers are the Rio Grande, Fiscal Year 1950 (ended August 31, 1949): on the southern boundary; the Brazos, Col General Revenue. 5485,331,000 f orado, Nueces, Trinity, and Sabine, drain General Expenditures. .:.,.. .. .5478,121,000f ing the central plains; and the Canadian State University. . . ; University, of Texas and Red, tributaries bf the Mississippi. Site Austin Farming, ranching, and oil and natural Capital City : ...... Austin gas production are the chief industries of Population (19^). . .. .131,964^- the State. In 1945 the harvested crop Rank in State -., ; 5th { land approximated 27^.5 million acres, Largest City '.;. Houston J and total cash receipts from farm pro duce approached $1.5 billion. Cotton, Population (1950) \. 594,321-t peanuts, rice, citrus fruits, corn, wheat, Number of Cififcs over 10,000 Population.. . .71 J pecans, and vegetables are leading crops. Number ofCountics. 254 Texas ranks first in production of beef *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures^ . cattle and sheep. Horses and poultry tU. S. Bureau of Census report . . are raised extensively. The State also leads tBased on preliminary 1950 pKjpuIation figures in production of petroleum and natural ' gas. Sulphur, coal, helium, gypsum, pot . LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY ash, and granite are produced in quantities. Legislative Reference Division Perennial tourist attractions include five Texas State Library State forests, forty-six State parks, the A. Gulf Coast year-round resorts, the batde- DORIS H. CONNELLY, Legislative Reference " • grounds of the Mexican War, and the his Librarian toric Alamo. The Federal government in Research is conducted upon request. A 4 cooperation jjvith Mexico is developing "a daily history of bills introduced is kept .huge national park on the Rio Grande in during the sessions, and a card catalpg the Big Bend country. ^ containing page references to the daily The Spanish explorers, de A^^ca and journals." Statiites and laws of all States Cbronado, first entered the area c^rly irt are kept and a file of newspaper clippings the sixteenth century, and in 1682 the on Texas political, legislative, and govern Spaniards founded the first permanent mental subjects, is maintained-covering the settlement. The territory was alternately. past thirty years. Bill drafting is done by Spanish, French, and Mexican from 1519 the Attorney General's Office.. The Su to 1836, when Texas-revolted and estab preme Court gives library service on court lished an independent government. In reports and law texts, and the Secretary of 1845 it joined the Union. ^ State's Office answers inquiries. 552 TEXAS 553 OFFICERS Governor ALLAN SHIVERS Lieutenant Governor. BEN RAMSEY Secretary of State. JOHN BEN SHEPPERD Attorney General.'...... ;...... ,...... PRICE DANIEL State Treasurer. ..;...... JESSE JAMES State Auditor C. H. CAVNESS Comptroller ,. ... .ROBERT S. CALVERT TEXAS SUPREME COURT Chief Justice • •• • .,.J. E. HICKMAN ' .Eight .Associate Justices „•''' Term .-...... ; \ ...... Six years Elected by popular vote GOVERNOR ALLAN SHIVERS LEGISLATIIRE President of the Senate .BEN RAMSEY Secretary of the Senate .... MRS. LQYCE M. BELI> President Pro Tern of the Senate ' Speaker of the House.... -rREUBEN E. SENTERFrrr .HOWARD A. CARNEY Clerk of the House...... CLARENCE T. JONES Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D 31 D...... 149 Senate. . 4 years Second Tuesday in January, biennially in» Total. 31 R 1 House... 2 years odsj years. Length; no conititutional limit. Total...... 150 COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION • . . -'" It • • - , . " - Administrative Members . Senate Members House Members ALLAN SHIVERS, CAa/rman BEN RAMSEY . REUBEN E. SENTERFITT PRICE DANIEL ' HOWARD A.^CXftlfiTEV CALLAN GRAHAM HOMER GARRISON, JR. JEP S; FULLER \ J. M. HEFLIN DEWITT GREER , OTTIS E. LOCK JIM T. LINDSEY JOHN BEN SHEPPERD GEORGE O. NOKES, JR. DAVID W. RATLIFF JOHN H. WINTERS JIMMY PHILLIPS JERRY A. STEWARD JOE RUSSELL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS . Adjutant General K. L. BERRY, Library (Law)...... MRS. FRANCES HORTON Aeronautics A. W. MEADOWS Library (State) R.\Y SYLVAN DUNN Agriculture .JOHN C. WHITE Liquor Control. COKE STEVENSON, JR. Banking J. M. FALKNER Mental Health , ..... LARRY O. COX Legislative Budget • VERNON MCGEE Motor Vehicles.% DEWITT C. GREER Civil Defense.. .. ., . . WM. L. MCGILL Oil and Gas OLIN CULBERSON Corporations...... ;. JOHN BEN SHEPPERD Old Age Assistance JOHN H. WINTERS Corrections . .. .O. B. ELLIS- Parks GORDON K. SHEARER Education... .J. W. EDGAR Parole L. G. HARRIS Emplo^ttfent Service....:.. .HARRY B. CROZIER Police. .•,.•. HO.MER GARRISON, JR. liqualization of Ass"essments.ROBERT S. CALVERT Printing and Purchasing...... R. C. LANNINO Fir(i*Ins. Commissr .PAUL H. BROWN Public Assistance...... %... .JOHN H. WINTERS Fish and Game H. D. DODGEN Public Utilities and RailcDads. . OLIN CULBERSON Food and Drugs...... GEORGE W, Cox, M.D. Securities HARRY E. HILGERS Forestry '...... Al D. FOLW^ILER Taxation ROBERT S. CALVERT . Health. . .GEORGE W. COX, M.D. Unemployment Insurance. ...HARRY B. CROZIER Highways DEWrrr C. GREER Veterans i. . . CHAS. L. MORRIS Life InsuranccnCommissr..... GEORGE B. BUTLEFIX Water Resources. ! .H. A. BECKWITH 1 .Labor.; M. B.. MORGAN , Welfare. JOHN H. WINTERS Library (Archives)...... HARRIET SUITHER Workmen's Compensation. . . . L. H. FLEViTLLEN UTAH Nickname The Beehive State Bird (unofficially)...... Seagull Motto. .^. .Industry Song Utah, We Love Thee Flower. Scgo Lily Entered the Union January 4, 1896 Tree...... Blue Spruce Capital City Salt Lake City Utahis the heart of the great area known Utah was settled by the Mormon pic as the Intermountain West—that expanse neers, who founded Salt Lake City in 1847 'between the Rockies on the Continental and rapidly colonized most of the Inter Divide and the Sierras and Cascades of the mountain area. The land had been partly Pacific States. The State, has two main explored and claimed by the Spaniards. It topographic features, the Great Basin in was ceded to the United States in 1848 at the west and a region of scattered moiiii^ the end of the Mexican War. Utah entered tains rising above tableland in the east. the Union in 1896. The two areas are divided by the Wasatch Range. Highest points, 14,000 feet, are in the Uintah Mountains in the northeastern STATISTICS part of the State. The tableland in the Area (square miles) 82,346 . southeast drops down to the Colorado Rank in Nation ] 1th ^ River in a seri^ of brilliantly colored Population (1950) .. 688,862t Rankin Nation (1950)...... 38th cliffs, often forming spectacular gorges and Density per square mile (1950) .... :'"...... 8.4 canyons. Number of Representatives in Congress...... 2* The land of the Great Basin and other Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950) valley areas throughout the State are high General Revenue. ..S68,6I5,000t General Expenditures...... 567,600,000f ly productive under irrigation. The acre State College Utah State Agricultural College age in farms exceeds 10,000,000 but much Site , . Logan of this is grazing land. Most of.the moun State University |Jniversity of Utah tain ranges and plains are utilized in some . Site .\ . . Salt Lake City measure for grazing. The value of agri Capital City . . . . Salt Lake City Population (1950) .182,121 f cultural products in 1949 was SI 60 million, Rank in State .' 1st of which $110 million was in livestock and Largest City...... !...... "..... Salt Lake City livestock products (cattle,- sheep, and Population (1950) 182,121 f poultry);. the remainder iri crops, princi Number of Cities over 10,000 Population .4 pally wheat, hay, sugar beets, barley, Number of Counties. 29 alfalfa, and canning vegetables. •As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures ftj. S. Bureau of Census report Utah is rich in mineral resources and ranks high in production oi copper, iron, coal, gold, silver, lead, zinc, ITraniurn, LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY potash, gypsum, and many other minerals. Legislative Council Here is the largest steel plant of the West LEWIS H. LLOYD, Director , and the greatest non-ferrous smelting cen ter in the world. Oil) production ^^nd re The Legislative Council was created by fining is a major industry. act of the 1947 Legislature for the pur- The magnificent canyons of southern pose of providing information and re- Utah attract both tourist and geologist, search services for members of the Legis-' Zion and Bryce, Wayne Wonderland, lature. Staff facilities are available to meet Monument Valley^ the Arches, and othd'rs the reference, research, and bill-drafting are among the most interesting sights in needs of all memberk of. the Legislature, the world. Salt Lake City is known as the and to prepare reports under direction of "center of scenic America." ^ the Council. I, • -554 • . . ^. /. ' .• •.•'.• '•.- V. ' • " " ;• '.-.•• ;/ •'. UTAH 555 OFFICERS Governor •J- BRACKEN LEE Lieutenant Governor. . .None Secretary of State. HEBER BENNION, JR. Attorney General. CLINTON D. VERNON State Treasurer; . . . FERRELL H. ADAMS State .Xudj^or REESE M. REESE u r UTAH SUPREME COURT Chief Justice. JAMES H. WOLFE Four Associate Justices Term....°...... Ten years . Elected by popular vote HON. ALONZO F. HOPKIN GOVERNOR Chairman of the Utah Lcgislacivc J. BRACKEN LEE Council "LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... J. FRANCIS FOWLES Speaker of the House CLIFTON G. M. KERR Secretary, of the Senate. .QUENTIN L. R. ALSTON Clerk of the House...... QUAYLE CANNON, JR. Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D ..:.:15 D...... 30 Senate. .4 years Second Monday in January, biennially in R. 8 R ...... 30 House... 2 years odd years. Length: 60 days. Total 23 Total. ..;...60 UTAH LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL (Functions as Committee on Interstate Cooperation) Citizen Members . Senate Members House Members BARREL J. GREENVVELL ALONZO F. HOPXIN, Chairman CLARENCE J. ALBRECHT RENDELL N. MABEY MARL D. GIBSON CuFTON G. M. KERR MITCHELL MELICH L. RULON JENKINS W. G. IIARSON X-VE«N B. MuiR H. ROLAND TIETJEN [ GRANT S. THORN DILWORTH S. WOOLLEY ^"^^ Director: LEWIS H. LLOYD ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General .J. WALLACE WEST Library (State and Law) L. M. CIIMMINGS .Advertising...... JOSEPH A. THEOBOLD Liquor Control. TERRY MCGOWAN Aeronautics. HARLAN BEMENT Mental Health . . . C. H. HARDIN BRANCH Agriculture ALDEN. K. BARTON Mines., .ARTHUR L. CRAWFORD Banking-...... '....; .ROY W. SIMMONS Motor .Vehicles...... LE ROY O. OLSON Budget D, K. MOFFAT Old Age Assistance JAMES G. KERR Civil Defense Gus. P. BACKMAN Parks. A. R. MORTENSEN Corporations HEBER BENNION, JR. Parole...... ;... .OSCAR E. LOWDER Corriections JOHN F.^ DUGAN Personnel DON TINCLEY Education ! E. ALLEN BATEMAN Planning and Development. . . ..'\MES K. BAGLEY Employment Service .J. S. MAYER Police...... '. JOSEPH DUDLER Fincmce P. H. MULCAHY Printing and Purchasing TRUMAN S. CURTIS Eire Marshal. • • • J. WHITNEY FLPYD Public Utilities an^^ailroads^. .HAL S. BENNETT Fish and Gaine J. PERRY EGAN Sanitation ;. . .. LYNN THATCHER Foresti^. J. WHITNEY FLOYD Securities, ....'..... MILTON H. LOVE Health .... .GEORGE SPENDLOVE, M.D. Taxation ;.. PATRICK HEALEY, JR. Highways D. H. WHITTENBURG Unemployment Insurance J. S. MAYER Insurance' .LEWIS M. TERRY Water Resources. JOSEPH M. TRACY Labor O. A. WIESLEY Welfare. ,.,...... H. C. SHOEMAKER Library (Arofiives) A. R. MORTENSEN Workmen's Compensation...... 0.;A. WIESLEY 8^ VERMONT Nickname. The Green Mountain State Bird Hermit Thrush Motto Freedom and Unity Song. . .^. Hail, Vermont ••--•• • » • • ; Flower . .Red Clover Entered the Union.. March 4, 1791 Capital City Montpelier Vermont, the "Green Mountain" State, , STATISTICS is bordered on the north by Canada and on the east by the Connecticut River. Most Area (square miles) ; 9,278^ of the western boundary is formed by Lake Rank in Nation.,. .. .\ ...... : 42nd Champlain, largest body of fresh water Population (1950);...... 377,747 between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic. Rankin Nation (1950) , . . .;. .45th The Green Mountains run north and south Density per square mile (1950) ...... 40.7 through the Staite, reaching at Mt. Mans Number of Representatives in Congress...... 1 * field a maximum altitude of 4,393 feet. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): Lowest point is at Lake Champlain!, 95 feet. General Revenue "...... 530,146,0001 The total value of agricultural products General Expenditures .. 531,5^^0 f and livestock output for 1949 exceeded State University University of Vermont $130 million. An important dairy State, and State /\gricultural College Vermont produces feed for stock,^otatoes, Site • .Burlington and high grade apples'. The most famous Caoital City . ., ."^ . . . .. Montpelier product probably is maple sugar, '•• ' population (1950)...... ,. . . . .8,599 Granite, marble, asbestos, and copper Rank in State . .. .5th are leading minerals. The forests yield an Largest City Burlington nually rnore than 180 million board feet Population (1950) 33,155 of lumber, in addition to piilpwood and Number of Cities over 10,000 Population...... 3 fuel. , i .' Number of Counties 14 Vermont has -becorne. both, a summer *As allocated on basis of 1950 population figures and B. winter resort. Lake Champlain and fU. S. Bureau of Census report the Green Mountains, which contain many spots of gre'at scenic and pastoral beauty, are the favorite resort areas. The Appa LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY lachian Trail down the Green Mountains is traversed anmially bythousands of hfkcrs. - Legislative Reference Bureau In 160? Champlain discovered the lake • State Library that bears his name and for more than a MRS. HAZEL CmsHOLM century the Champlain Valley was French • Assistant Librarian territory. The first permanent English set-, tlement was m'.ade at Brattlel^oro in 1724, The Bureau collects material of interest iT and later the Dutch settled the town of Pow- to Legislators and keeps a complete card nal.- In one of the first battles of the Revo iindex of bills. It conducts inquiries upon , lutionary War the fortress of.Ticonderoga 'request, and prepares a biennial "Prelim was captured by the Green Mountain inary Legislative Manual." It assists the Boys, commanded by Ethan Allen, and in. legislative draftsmen, and, at the end of the same yaar Vermonters took part in the each session, edits ^nd publishes a cumu invasion of.Canada. Veirmont entered the lative index of "the lavys passed and a table Union in 1791. T»» of changes made in existing legislation. 556 VERMONT 557. OFFICERS ' Governor,..;.....,. .LEE E. EMERSON Lieutenant Governor .JOSEPH B. JOHNSON Secretary of State I HOWTARD E. ARMSTRONG Attorney General. .CLIFTON G. PARKER State Treasurer... .GEORGE H. AMIDON State Auditor DAVID V. ANDERSON VERMONT SUPREME COURT Chief Justice.... .'.JoHiN C. SHERBURNE Four Associate! Justices Term 1 Two years HON. ALBAN J, PARKER GOVBRNOR Elected by Legislature Chairman of the CommiMion on LEE E. EMERSON Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Sepate...... JOSEPH B.JOHNSON Secretary of the Senate NATT DIVOLL President Prd~Tern . Speaker of the House. WALLACE FAY of the Senate .MERRILL HARRIS' Clerk of the House FLETCHER JOSLIN Senators Representatives Term Regular Session D. ..1 D. ....!....22 Senate. .2 years Wednesday after first Monday in January, R...... ^29 R...... 216 House. .2 years biennially in odd years. Length: no consti Total...... 30 Independent.. .3 tutional limit. - ImLR. .'.3 OthV.. 2 Total .246 •V COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members Senate Members House Members H. ELM^R MARSH , CARLETON G. HOWE ALBAN J. PARKER, Chairman' CLIFTON PARKER, Secy. DONALD W. SMITH ALBERT W. BARNEY, JR. W. ARTHUR SIMPSON - MiLFORD S.MITH RUSSELL F. NIQUETTE . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General MURDOCK CAMPBELL Labor. , ! .*. CUFTON L. DREW Advertising : HAROLD H. CHADWICK Library (Archives).... X ARTHUR W. PEACH Aeronautics ,•• •• EDWARD F, KNAPP Library (State and Lawj.. .HARRISON J. CON ANT Agricuhure. v.... STANLEY J. JUDD Liquor Control .DAUGHLEY GOULD Bcinking..' ALEXANDER J. MILLER Mental Health . .ELIZABETH KUNDERT, M.D. Budget. .... LEE E. EMERSON Mines. . •. .CHARLES G. DOLL Civil Defense...... ;....J . . . . WM. H. BAUMANN '.Motor Vehicles....' H. ELMER MARSH Conservation.. .HARRIS W. SOULE Parks....,,'. .». DONALD W. SMITH Corporations,...... ^. HOWARD.ARMSTRONG Parole ••> '. ROBT. G. S.MITH Corrections...... " . TIMOTHY G. DALE Personnel. ....: .. -. . W. GORDON LOVELESS Education A. JOHN HOLDEN, JR. Planning and Development. , . HARRIS W. SOULE Employment Service. .. . ."".E, R. JOHNSON Police WILLIAM H. BAUMANN Equalization of Assessments. . . . L. W. MORRISON Printing and Purchasing.^^. ..-. .FRANK P. FREE Fire Marshal CHESTER KIRBY Public Assistance...... :\^. ...'.MARY F. GIBSON Fish and Game, .GEO. W. DAVIS Public Utilities and Railroads., .N. HENRY PRESS Food and Drugs ROBERT B, AIKEN, M.D. • Securities...... '. .ALEXANDER H. MILLER Forestry. PERRY H, MERRILL Taxation...... v.... . LEONARD W. MORRISON Geology • CHARLES GV DOLL Unemployment Insurance...... JOHN V; FARD Health. ..;...... ROBERT B. AIKEN, M.D. Veterans, ...,•...... ".. ALEXANDER!. SMITH Highways PAUL H; GATES Water Resources PHILIP SHUTLER [nsurancc.,.. ; .,.,, ALEXANDER H. MILLER Welfare. '. W, ARTHUR,SIMPSON . . • - \ /-• A • 'VIRGINIA Nickname. .;. . .The Old Dominion Bird. . .. .Cardinal Motto .Sic Semher Tyrannis c„ „ n \r D I , ntj i- • • /Ti r i -r .\ opng. .Larry Me Back to Old vireima (Thus Ever to Tyrants) ° - '^ Flower . .Dogwood Entered th^ Union.. .June^S", 1783 Capital City Richmond ' .The Commomvcalth- of Virginia, a doah National Park, the beaches of the ' southern State'on the'Atlantic seaboard, is Tidewater section, the limestone caverns, divided into three topoTi'aphical regions: and the-Natural Bridge are also popular the broad coastal plain orTidcwater^ cut with tourists. ' into a series of peninsulas by the estuaries The first permanent English settlement, of the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, and in North America was made ^at James Jarhes rivers; the Piedmont Belt; and the town in 1607, and this was followed by the Appalachian region, with the.Blue EiBge • establishment of other colonies. Virginia on the east, and the Alleghenies and Shen- was one. of the thirteen Original States andoahs on the west. A broad and fertile that formed the Union. X valley divides the mountain ranges. Virginia's leading crops include tobac co, corn, apples, wheat, hay, peanlits, and STATISTICS • : potatoes. Livestock, including thorough Area.(square miles) ...... 39,"S93 bred horses, dairy stock,-swine, and tur Rank in Nation...... ,..; .35th keys are raised, chiefly in the Piedmont Population (1950) :...... '...... 3,318,680 . Rank in Nation (1950).. 15th Belt. Smithfield hams from peanut-fed "Density per square mile (1950) ...... 83.2 hogs are farrious. Cash income from farm Number of Representatives in Congress 10* products la 1950 exceeded S448 million. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, 1950): H^ . Chesapeake Bay produces more oysters General Re%'cnuc S215,905,0001 than any other body of water in the world, General Expenditures...... ; . .§211,341,000f State University ;. .University of Virginia and it contains other valuable fisheries. Sifc. , Charlottesville Coal, from the mines of the Allegheny Capj'tal City ; ; Richmond^ Mountains, and limestone are valuable Population (1950).-...... :...... '.... 229,9061 Rank in State.. .:. 1st | mineral products. There is also a large an- Largest City ; ; Richmond nual^'^tonnage of clay, lead, manganese, Population (1950) .:...•...... •^. .229,906$ zinc, sand, and gravel. Number of Cities over 10,000 PopulaUon. . . .20$ In 1950, 226,100 wageN^arners were Number of Qpunties-...... ,...... ;..... 100 employed in manufacturing. Chemicals • f • •.\.s allocated on ba.MS of 1950 population figures and allied products were valued at tU. S. Bureau of Ccmus report • . , . 5642,000,000', textile products at S591,- }Ba.';cd on preliminary 1950 population figures. 005,000, and tobacco manufactures at $818,000,000. Other important manyjac- LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY tifred articles were food, paper and allied Division of Statutory Research and Drafting prodtlcts, transportation equipment, lum-'. ber and wood products, furniture and. JOHN B. Bo.ATWRiGHT, JR., Director fixtures.' " Indexes, lists, and digests of material are Virginia contains the histjpric battle prepared. A file is kept of all.bills, com V fields of three wars. Mt. Vernon and mittee reports, and documents. .Research Monticello, the homes of Washington and is conducted, bills are drafted, and advice Jefferson, and Arlington Cemetery are given as to tfie-.constitutionality or prob national shrines. The restoration of colo able .legal effect of proposed legislation, nial Williamsburg, the Skyline Drive on upon request of the Governor or.of.anj' the summit of the Blue Ridge, Shenan member of the General Assembly. 558 .V }.. VIRGINIA 559 OFFICERS Governor. . . . JOHN .S. BATTLE Lieutenant Governor L. PRESTON COI.UNS Secretary of the Commonwealth . MRS. THELMAY. GORDON Attorney General J. L. ALMOND, JR. State Treasurer JESSE VV. DILLON Auditor of Public .Accounts . . ;..J. GORDON BENNETT Comptroller...... HENRY G. GILMER VIRGINIA SUPREME . COURT OF APPEALS [^resident...... J^DWARD W. ^UDGINS Si.x .Associate Justices Terni..;.,.. Twelve years' HON. C; H. MORRISSETT • GOVERNOR Chosen by joint vote of both houses of Chairman of the Commission JOHN S. BATTLE General .Assembly on Interstate Cooperation LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. . . .L. PRESTON COLLINS Clerk of the Senate .E. R. COMBS President Pro Tern _ Speaker of the House. ; . . . E. BLACKBURN MOORE • of the Senate..,...:..... MORTON G. GOODE Clerk of the House...... ; .E. iGRiFFiTH DODSON Senators Representatives Term ; . . Regular Session" D.. 38 D ...... 91 Senate. . 4 years Second Wednesday in January, biennially R. . . .2 R. ...: .7 House.. .2 years in even years. Length: 60 days. (May».bt: Total .40, Independent. . 2 extended up to 30 days by.a 3^ vote of Total...... 100 members of each house.) COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Administrative Members^ . Senate Members • House Members C. H. MoRRissEiT, Chairman GARLAND GR.AY » H. STUART CARTER J. LINDSAY ALMOND, JR. BEX:T. GUNTER, JR. SHIRLEY T. HOLLAND RICHARD W.CoPELAND M. M. LoNG.^ RALPH T. LINCOLN ' «a C. F. JoYNER, JR. ROBERT O. NORRISJ JR. J. M.AYNARD MAGRUDER R.AYMOND V. Lo.NG F. W. VVILLIAMS Ex-officio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR Secretary: MRS. O. C. LAM.M ADMINISTRATIVE oi^FICERS : Adjutant General. .S. GARDNER WALLER Library (State)...... RANDOLPH W. CHURCH \ Acivertising...... GEORGE PRINCE ARI^OLD Liquor Control..,.;...... R. M. BULLINGTON " Aeronautics. . .'t...... ALLAN C. PERKINSON Mental Health. ...;. .JOSEPH E. BARRETT,.M.D. Agriculture ..;...... P.^RKE^C^ BRINKLEY Mines...... ",...... CREED P. KELLy Banking. LOGAN R. RITCHIE Motor Vehicles. CRAWLEY F. JOYNER, JR. Budget.: ...". J. H- BRADFORD 6il and Gas...... ^...... WM.. M. MCGILL Civil Defease: .-.. :^ ...... ! ..,. . .J. H. WYSE Old .Age Assistance". . . . .RICH.^RD W. COPEL.AND Commerce ... ."., . . ;"VAVILLIAM C. SEIBERT Parks. . ;. . . .RANDOLPH ODELL ''I Conservation .SIDNEY S. KELLAM Parole CHARLES P: CHEW Corporations. RALPH T. CATTERALL Personnel HARRIS HART Corrections. ...RICE M. YOUELL Planning and Development. ; RAY.MOND V. LONG Education....'...... DOWELL J. HOWARD Police ^. . . C. W. WOODSON, JR. Equalization of Assessments... C. H. MORRISSETT Printini^ and Purchasing...... A. B. G.ATHRIGHT Fire Marshal. C. S. MULLINS, JR. Public Assistance...... RICHARD W. CoPELi^ND Fish and Game... . . r. , ...... I, T. QUINN Public Utilities and Railroads Food and,Drugs...... <:)•.. .N. L. FRANKLIN ,f^, .:.• ...... RALPH T. CATTERALL Forestry ...;...... ; GEORGE W. DEAN Securities ...... ;.. WILLIAM 'C. KING Geology...,.;...... ••'.• WM. M. MCGII-L Ta.xation...... C; H. MORRI^ETT Health ...... M. I. SHANHOLTZ, M.D. Unemployment Insurance. .JOHN. Q.^RHODES, JR. Highways *...... J. .A. ANDERSON Veterans;...... \ . . .'. . ,..H. F. CARPER, JR.'-^ Insurance...... GEORGE A. BOWLES Water Resources. .D. S..WALLACE Library (Archives)...... WM. J. VAN SCHREEVEN Welfare ...... :...... R. W. COPELANDV, Library (Law). VLLOYD M. RICHARDS Workmen's Compensation...... W. F. ROBINSON • Nickname. . ; .The Evergreen State Bird...... Willow Goldfinch Motto.... . ; .,. . ..4/^/ (By and By) Song...... Washington Beloved Flower Western Rhododendron Entered the Union ...... November 11, ip9 Capital City. ..Olympia. Washington is bordered on the west by • was followed by the.e.xpedltions and traders the Pacific Ocean and oh the north by sent out by both British and American fur British Columbia. The coast is penetrated ^interests. Conflicting claims of Great by the deeply indented bays and numerous Britain and the United States were ad- harbors of Puget Sound, a great commer-. justed iri 1818 by a compact providing for " • cial and shipping center handling the hijlk joint occupation, and in 1846 the 49 th par- of American trade to_ Alaska and northern alleLwas accepted as the northern bound- Asiatic ports. Seattle, the State's largest' ary of the United States. The State was city, overlooks the Sound. The slopes of. admitted into the Union in 1889. the; Cascade' and Olympic mountains, which parallel the ocean, are covered with • '" . STATISTICS^ fine forest^. In the southeast corner are Area (square miles) .•...;..., .66,786 located the Blue Mountains, a small range. Rank in Nation....; ...... ,..!. i9th ThehighestpoindntheStateisMt.Rainier, Population (195G). .2,378,963 ' in the Cascades, 14,408 feet. The plains • . Rank in-Nation (1950).....:.,...'..-.'.. .^Srd of the ColuiTibia- River basin lie east of the Density per square mile (1950)...... 35.6 ' Cascades a;ad^\ when irrigated, the valley Number of Representatives in Congress ...... 7* grows the filie%pples for which the State is 4; 7th'to be.elected 1952 / noted.' Fiscal Year 1950 (ended March 31, 1951): ^^hington is predominantly agricul- ' General Revenue...... 5349,185,000 turalr^vith. 17,200,000 acres in farms, of General E.xpenditurcs...... 5370,991,000 which 8,1 50,000 acres -are planted; state University. . . . .University of Washington Among its farm products are wheat,-live- . Site...;....-.. ..;...... Seattle ,stock and poultry, hay, potatoes, apples, Washington State College.-...... Pullman pears, hops, dry-field peas, strawberries, . Capital City ;...;-.Olympia . and oats. Leading industries;are lumber- Population..(1950) ::.... 15,711 J W; ing, aircraft and shipbuilding, paper man- Rank in State...... I3th J ^^. ufacturing, and food processing. About 75 Largest City . . '...... ;Scattlet per cent of the timber gut is Douglas fir. Population (1950) .462,440t Fisheries produce annually large catches Number of Cities over id.OOO Population... .19$ of salmon, halibut, crab, tuna^ -and rock : /Number of Counties../.... ;...... 39 cod. • - —~~~ . - «" rT-,fD r" \ 1 Ik TI .' -n • • *AJ allocated on basis of 1950 population figurej' Ifie hne ocean beaches," Mt. Rainier tU.S. Bureau of Census report ~~~- . " - and Olympic National parks, and the , tBased on preliminary IPSdpoj^uIation figures great pine forests of the western moimtain LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY slopes are famous vacation resorts. "Every ».,,.",. -r., ' year thousands of tourists visit the Grand ^^ Washington State Library Coulee Dam, the largest concrete dam in .. ^^:^^^^^ ^- R^VNOLDS, Libranari the world, and other secdons of the Colum-. Both the. State Library and. the State bia River reclamation project. ' Law Library, furnish reference service, and , In 1792 an Englishman, Vancouver, dis-. undertake legislative research upon re-. covered and named Puget Sound. The quest. A file of bills introduced, interim first land exploration was that of ^he Amer- . corfemittee. reports, ,.and many other r^f- icans, Lewis and .Clark, in 1805'," and thisy erence materials are rnade available, c 's '1'. ' . • .^\ • .::..,,.560. . . ^ . • "••;:' '..-•' • 0 WASHINGTON 561 OFFICERS • Governor. . . ..'.. ARTHUR B, LANGLIE -Lieutenant Governor ' ... .VICTOR A. MEYERS Secretary of State.'! ... ,-. .. .EARL COE Attoi'ney General...... : .SMITH TROY State Treasurer...... TOM MARTIN State Auditor...../ CLIFF YELLE WASHINGTON SUPREME COURT Chief Justice... E. VV. SCHVVELLENBACH ^Eight'.'^ssociate Judges *. .Term. .• .X...... ; . .Six years . ' Elected by popular vote HON. CHARLES.W. HODDB GOVERNOR Chairnian of the Washington ARTHUR B. LANOUE ' Legislative Council LEGISLATURE President of the Senate...... VICTOR A. MEYERS Secretary of the Senate...... HERBERT H SlELER President Pro Tem . Speaker of the House CHARLES W. HODDE of the Senate.. TED F< SCHROEDER Clerk.of the House ...;...... S. R. HOLCOMB * . Senators " Representatives Term Regular Session D. .' :.25 D. ....I....67 Senate. .4 years Second Monday in January, biennially in R ...21 R...... 32 House.. .2 years odd years. Length: 60 days. Total...... 46 Total. .-.99 WASHINGTON LEGISLATIVE. COUNCIL (Functions as.Committee on Interstate Cooperation) S6na,te Members V House Members R. G. BARLOW HOWARD ROUP CHARLES W. HODDE, WESLEY R. ELDRIDGE B. J.. DAHL JESS V. SAPP Chairman ROBERT M FORD F. STUART FOSTER TED F. SCHROEDER HOWARD T. BALL BERNARD J, GALLAGHER EDWARD F. RILEY CARLTON L SEARS . ROBERT. BERNETHY MILTON R. LONEY ALBERT D. P.OSELLINI VICTOR TJEDHICK,- Secy. W.E. CARTY A. L. RASMUSSEN A. B. COMFORT MAX WEDEKIND ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... LILBURN H. STEVENS Library (State) MARYAN E. REYNOLDS Ad\^ertising . .WM. A. GALBRAITH Liquor Contfol...... EvRO M. BECKET Aeronautics". CHARLES S. CHESTER Mental Health. J. A. KAHL, M.D. Agriculture ,. .\ .. SVERRE N. OMDAHL Mines SHELDON S. GLOVER Banking.. .' R.- D, CARRELL Motor Vehicles; ...... MRS. DELLA URQUHART Budget, ...... ;. . .E. D. BRABROOK Oil and Gas...... ,...,... ARTHUR B. LANGLIE Civil Deffense.. ... VICE-.^DMIRAL D. E. BARBEY Parks ... JOHN R. VANDERZICHT Conservation. . ,...... -iW.M. A. GALBRAITH Parole HENRY H. NESS ' Corporations .RAY J. YEOMANS Personnel. HAROLD A. LANG Corrections..\...... HAROLD VAN EATON Planning and Development. . WM. "^A. GALBRAITH Education.., ... PEARL A. WANAMAKER Police...... JAMES W. PRYDE- Employment Service...... A. F. HARDY. -Printing;...... •. .. CLARENCE ELLINGTON Fjire Marshal.«...... ; WILLIAM A. SULLIVAN Public Utilities and Railroads •-% Fish"...... , .RpBERT'J. SCHOETTLER • JEROME K. KUYKENDALL Forestry...... BERNARD L. ORELL Public Works..,...... ". . ."HAROLD VAN EATON Game...... ^ ;...:.... .;.. .JOHN A. BIGGS Purchasing...... HERBERT R; WASHINGTON Geology... .\ ...... SHELDON S. GLOVER Securities^-:...... :. . . .R. W. COBLENTZ Health .V...... JOHN A. KAH^, M.D. Taxation...... ERNEST C. HUNTLEY • Highways;...... : ,< ...... W. A. 'BIJGGE Unemployment Insurance. .FRANK RYAN Insurance. .[. .'.. .WILLIAM A^ SULLIVAN Veterans .. E. B. RILEY Labor*.i. . ..-...... '.... • A. M. JOHNSON Water Resources...... C. J. Bi\RTHOLET Library'(Archives).,....,,;. CHAPI>^. FOSTER Welfare, ,.,...... !".... .RODERIC OLZENDAM- s Library (Law)...... '.... .MARK H. WIGHT .Workmen's Compensation A. M. JOHNSON • fl' •" • • r •;.• •••• i'f WEST VIRGIM^ Nickname The Panhandle State ' Bird •••••• Cardinal Motto ...... Montani Semper Liberi Song {uno^^c\^^)^^'€s.t Virginia Hills (Mountaineers Are Always Freemen) > ^, . :„. ^, , , , Entered the Union... Tune 20i 1863 llower. Big Rhododendron . -Capital City.../...... :Charleston •West Virginia, in the Appalachian STATISTICS Mountains, includes a high plateau region in the west, drained, by the Ohio and its Area (.square miles). . ...,...,.. .24,080 tributaries, and a section of mountain .Rank in. Nation. . '.•. . . .^Oth ridges. in the east containing the highest Population (1950)T. .•.^. .2,005,552 point in the State (Sprue? Knob,4,860 feet), Rank in Nation (1950) ....'':.. ..'. . .29th which is drained by the Patomac. .This . Density per square mile (1950) ...."...... 83.3 •% river reaches the State's lowest point when it cuts through the Blue Ridge at Harpers Number of Representatives in Congress...... 6 * Ferry. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended June 30, J 950): Mining .is the most important industry. General Revenue. SHI,988,000f 4 • The State produces large quantities of General Expenditures .SI70,37.1,000f : bituminous coal, petroleum,, and natural State University .... University of West Virginia ga^Iimestone, sand, and gravel; Site. :• • • • •. Morgantbwn Farming is concentrated, in the broad and fertile river valleys. In 1946 produce Capital City ...... :.: Charleston was valued at almost SI 33 million. Crops Population (1950). . . , ...... 73,501 are diversified. The most important are Rank in State.... . \ , ...... 2nd corn, nvheat, tobacco, hay, buckwheat, Largest City...;...... Huntington and various fruits. Considerable blooded stock is raised, for the mountainsides, Population (1950) ! 86,353' furnish excellent pasture land. The timber Number of Citit^fover 10,000 Population; 13 yield is high, and is principally hardwoods. Number of Counties. .55 ^ ' • ^* • . • Manufactures include chemical and . *.As allocated on basijof 1950 population figures . lumbe;r products, glass, and textiles- VVest fU. S. Bureau of Census report •Virginia's varied power nisources of water, coal, and gas have facilitated the growth LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENCY of industry. The Monongahela National Forest, the;; Legislarive Reference Section'' State forests, and the State.parks.provide, ; .. „.: Clerk of State Senate recreational facilities. \Vhit(;' SulpHii'r ••••'• ^ , . - Springs is a widely known spa. . 7" . No legislative reference and bill drafting service has been officialjy organized in In 1671 Captain Thomas Batts explored West Virginia, and no specific appropria the Ne\^ River, antl about 1726 the first tion has been made for the service. J. settlements were made at Shepherdstown Howard Myers, Clerk of the State Senate, by pioneers from Pennsylvania. George . has been very helpful in furnishing infor Washington surveyed the Potomac'area in mation toc the Councilof State Govern the middle of the eighteer^th century. From •» ments.- The Joint Committee on Govern-' earliest times the. region was part of the ment and Finance, in conjunction with the State of Virginia, from which it separated Commission on Interstate Cooperation has in 1861. West Virginia was admitted to. been undertaking interim services of a re the Union in 1.863. -•£, search, nature. • 562 ^ OFFICERS Govcrnbr...... OKEY L. PATTESON Lieutenant Governor , ./. None Secretary of State. . . . D. PITT O^RIEN Attorney General .... WILLIAM C. MARLA State Treasurer. . . .WILLIAM H. ..^NSEL State Auditor EDGAR B. SIMS WEST VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS President. £'RED L. FO.\ I'oiir .\ssfjciate Judges Term Twelve years HON. CARL M. FRASURE GOVERNOR' Elected by popular vole Chairman of the Commission on OKEY L.-PATTESON Interstate'Cooperation ^ ^ : . LEGISLATURE / i«* President of the Seriate... W. BROUOHTON JOHNSTON President Pro Tern...... ". . .FRED C. ALLEN Speaker of the House...... W. E. FLANNERV X Sccfctary of the Senate.... .J. HOWARD' MYERS Clerk of the House ... . . J. R. AUFF ...Senators Representatives Term Regular Session " D...... 23 D...... 67 Senate. : 4 years . Second Wednesday in January,, biennially R...... 9 R .....27 . House.. .2 years" in odd years.-Length: 60 day^. total...... 32 Total...... ,94 . COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE COOPERATION Ad.ministrative Members Senate Members House Members CARL M. FRASURE, Chairman RALPH BEAN ROY A. CHAMBERS RAY CAVENDISH THEODORE BOWERS FR.ANK A. KNIGHT DENZIL L. GAINER GLENN^'JACKSON H. HAYDEN MORGAN C. H. KOONTZ . • HARRY MOATS HARRY R. PAULEY WILLIAM C.'MARLAND GLENN TAYLOR CECIL UNDERWOOD Exrofficio Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE AbMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General ;.: . . . GH.ARLES.R. Fox Labor...... ; CHARLES SATTLER Advertising .. .ROBERT W. MCKINNON Library (Law).....,... . "... .J. A. JACKSON Aeronautics...... HUBERT H. STARK Library (State and Archives).MRS. ROY B.-GOOK *•». • AgricuBure. . . . .-. .. .J. B. MCLAUGHLIN Liquor ControL ...... CHARLES H. GREEN Bajjking. ...;. JOHN H. HOFF.MAN Mental Health. ; ...... WM. B. ROSSMAN,' M.D. Board of Control <%, Mines.,...... '...... ARCHJ. ALEXANDER •-f^: (for State Institutions)...... JOE F. BURDETT Motor Vehicles. . . .'. .;. . .'DON MCCLAUCHERTY ^ Budget. . . IDENZIL L. GAINER Parks. „. . ..;...... KERMIT MCKEEVER . Civil Defense, .v.. ;\ ..:... GEN. CHARLES R; FOX Parole ;..... RonsRT M. KNOTT Conservation:,...... CLINTON F. MCGLINTIC Planning and Developrncnt. . . > . . .C. R.'ORTO.N tp Corporations. .". . . .D^.PITT O'BRIEN Police.. .\ ..... ; .W. E. BURCHETT Cbrrections.,...... ;..... ,\ .. .JOE F. BURDETT Printing and Purchasing . CARL RIOGS Education. ,...... :. . .W.W. TRENT Public Utilities and Railroads C. E. NETHKEN.- \ Employment Service..::....!. . P. M. CONNELL Securities -••...... ROBERT F. BROWN 4. , ,«: ,< Fire Marshal C. A, RAPER Taxation... .f.. .. .; '...... C. H. l^oomz \ A V 'v.. * Nickname...... The Badger State Bird....;..., .. :..Robin Motto. .Forward Song. . (Several unofgcial) Flower...... ,...... Wood Violet Entered tTie Union... May 29, 1848 . Capital'Gity.... :.. ..^Madison , jr-. Wisconsin, "dairy land of the TSTation," Wistonsin" was at various times a part of is a glaciated rolling, prairie with isolated Indiana^JJlinois, and Michigan-territories. hills and ridges, and large forests in the * In 1848 it was admitted to the Union as north. Principal waterways are Lake a separate State. ' ' ' • (a^ •"Michigan on the east, Lakje Superior on 'thjs north, and the Mississippi, wh^ch pro-, / : STATISTICS ^' vide fine'transportatibn. Highest officially ]. recognized point in the State, 1,940 feet, Area (square miles)...... ; . .54,705 is in Marathon County, and the lowest, Rank in Nation •.. ^...... 24th 579 feet, on the Lake Michigan shore,-. Population (1950).....'..:...... 3,434,575 Farming and dairying are the principal Rank in Nation (1950).... 14th occupations. The cash receipts from all Density per square mile (1950)...... 62.8 farm marketings in. 1950 was $959,742,000. Nvraiber of Representatives in Congress 10* . The farm acreage was 12,670^000. Corn, Fis% Year^l 950. (ended June 30V, 1,950): oats, peais (used in canning), hay, tobacco,. . General Reveijiue. . ., ...... - . .$278,997,0001 and cranberries were principal crdj5s. General State Expenditures..; . .$272,753,000f Wisconsin produces almost half of the State University...... University of Wisconsin cheese rflanufactured in the United States ' . 'Site . . . o • • • • • • • •. Madison and a large proportion of its butter and Capital City ...... /,-.-..... Madison other condensery products. Other manu- Populatiori (1950) - .::.:'•. 95,5941- fattures are machinery, fabricated metals, Rank ip State,.,..,...... ; '..: .2ndt canned vegetables and kindred food prod Largest City r. . . •. Milwaukee J ucts, transportation equipment, and wood, Populati^ (1950). . ...'.,.632,65.1 f pulp. Milwaukee,- the largest city, is a Number of Cities.over 10,000 Population... .331 great center of industry and cpnimerce. Number of Counties...... 71 *.\3 allocated on basis of 1950 population figures In 1948 the total income from niinerals tU. S. Bureau of Cctuus report » was $37,641,000. Mineral production in JBased on preliminary 1950 population figures cludes iron, leaS^ zinc, s!one, granite,.and lime. LEGISLA'TiVE SERVICE AGENCIES A popular summer resort area because of, its excel|ent fishing and hunting, the •Legislative Reference Library State attracts numerous vacationers' an Free Library Cjommissiort nually. Its thousands of glacial lakes, its •MARINUS G. TOEPEL, Chief many streams, its deep wot)ds, and,the Officeof the Revisor of Statutes Dells, the remarkable gorge cut by the Wisconsin River, ar6 widely ,known at- JOHN E. CONWAY, Revisor \tractioris. y The Legislative Reference Library fur Jean Nicolet was the first European to nishes, complete and reliable service. It land on the soil of Wisconsin (1634), and conducts research, it drafts bills, it com in the next fifty years numerous other piles material and places it at the disposal Frenchmen explored the area. The Sevei> of the lawmakers, and it edits the Wisconsin Years' War ended French rule; and the suc Blue Book; The Office, of the Revisor of ceeding period,^pf British supremacy con Statutes compiles and publishes Wisconsin tinued until thfe end of the War df 1812. statutes. 564 \ . (?>. N WISCONSIN 565 OFFICERS Governor.... WALTER J. KOHLER, JR. Lieutenant Gbvernor.GEOROE M. SMITH Secretary of State.FRED R. ZIMMERMAN Attorney General VEK^'ON W, THOMSON State Treasurer .WARREN R. SMITH State Auditor .J, JAY KELIHER WISCONSIN SUPREME COURT Chief Justice ! OSCAR M. IFRITZ Six Associate Justices Term. Ten years Elected by popular vote Hohf. FRANK E. PANZER GOVERNOR Chairman of the Commission on VVALTER J. KOHLER, JR. Interstate Cooperation . •• J' LEGISLATURE President of the Senate. .GEORGE M. SVHTH -Chief Clerk of Senate...... THOMAS H. DONAHUE^ President Pro Tem Speaker of the Assembly OR A R. RICE ^'•• r- of the Senate...... FRANK E. PANZER Clerk of the Assembly. ARTHUR L. M^Y ' \ Senators Assemblymen • • ; Terni Regular Session D....;.!....7 D. v.../.;;.23 Senate. ,4 years Second Wednesday in January, biennially R ....:.26 R...... 76 House...2 years in odd years; Length: no. constitutionsil «*-• Total.. ,.:'..33 Vacancy .1 limit. •''••. Total...... 100• • • '\ '". . • • ;. : • COMMISSION Or^ INTERSTATE COOPERATION I^Administrativ. e Members Senate Members Assembly Members M. G.-TOEPEL FRANK E. PAUZ;ER, Chairman FRANK N. GRAASS M. W. ToRKELsoN, Secy. WARREN P. KNOWLES ALFRED R. LUDVIGSEN WILLIAM HJ. YOT/NG EARL LEVERICK ORA R. RICE Ex-qfficio Honorary Member: THE GOVERNOR . (1-^: . / ADMINJSTRATIVE OFFICERS Adjutant General...... RA|:PH J. OLSON Liquor Conti:ol...... D. H. PRICHARD Aeronautics T. K.-JORDAN Mental Health. .: LESLIE A. OSBORN, M.D. Agriculture...... :, -,... DONALD N. MCDOWELL Mines...... v.... E, F. BEAN Banking. GUERDON M, MATTHEWS Motor Vehicles...... , B. L. MARCUS Budget ...... ;...... E. C. GIESSEL Parks...... C. L. HARRINGTON Civil Defense...... "•...... RALPH J. OLSON Parok...... QuENTjpi FERM Conservation .., rr...... ERNEST F. SWIFT Personnel. -. . VOLMER H.SORENSON Corporations. .H. E. WHIPPLE Planning and Development. ..M.- W. TORKELSON Corrections...;....yf...... TRUSSELL OSWALD Police .....; B. L. MARCUS Education. : • • • GEO. E. WATSON Printing ;; DON M, LEICHT Employment. Service..'...... H. A. LIPPART Public Assistance...... GEORGE M. K^ITH- Fire Marshal .JOHN R. LANGE Public Utilities and Railroads. JOI|N C. DOERFER Fish...... r...... EDW. SCHNEBEROER Public Works,.... CHAS.HALBERT Forestry., '...... C. L. HARRINGTON Purchasing F. X. RTTGER Game. ...:;..,.: ..W. F. GRIMMER Sanitation OSV^^ALD J. MtrEGGE Health. . CARL N. NEUPERT, M.D. Securities. ; i .EDWARD J. SAMP Highways...... ;..... JAMES R. LAW Taxation. .HARRY W. HARDER Insurance...... •..' JOHN R, LANGE Unemployment Insurance.. .P. A. RAUSHENBUSH Labor. . ,. VOYTA WRABETZ Veterans. .\ . L .....;....: .GORDON A. HUSEBY Library (Archives)..;...... CLIFFORD L. LORD Water Resources...... J. W. OCKERMAN •'•••A- Library (Law and State);.. .GILSON G. G^ASIER Welfare...... ;.... .JOHN W. TRAMBURG J^ibrary Commissiorf WALTER S. BOTSFORD Workmen's Compensation...... ^".H. A. NELSori. d r \ , 1 WYOMING Nickname...... The Equality State Bird...... Meadowlark Mc^to! ".. Cedant Arma Topae c • /T- re • n (Let Arms Yield to the Gov^n) Song...... (Twer unofficial.) Flower...... Indian Paint Brush Entered the Union... July 10. 1890 . • • - .- • . ..•••. : X _•; .. „• -^ ^ ' . • Capital City...... •.Cheyenne V . . • '•"•.•.. - •'.•'••••.• •.','. The topography of Wyoming varies from coach line, in 1861. Wyoming was the, first. . the high and rugged Rocky Mountains in State to grant equal sufTragc; to women. It the western section to the wide grazing and was admitted to the Union in 1890. fcirming. areas of the Great Plains in the east. Altitude ranges from 13,785 feet at Gannett Peak in the Wind River range to STATISTICS • 3,125. in tlve Plains. West of the Conti-;., . nental Divide the State is, drained by the.,;. Arra (.square miles).....':...... 97,506 Green River, a tributary of the Colorado, Rank inl^ation...... ;..'...... 8th and the Snake, a tributary of the Colum- (f^^ulationVgso)...... "...... 290 529 bia;'Thc east is drained by branches of the r,- , • -^ .• nncn\ ;. '_ . .,...... I xr 11 ^ w Rank, m Nation (1950) . .. .a^...... 47th", Mrs.souri, prmcipally the Yellowstone, Big . r . Horn, Powder, and Platte. ' '" Density per square mile (1950) .,.,..3.0 Wyoming is one of the majbr producers Number of Representatives in Congress...... 1 * of livestock and meat and dairy products. Fiscal Year 1950 (ended September 30, 1949): Principal agricultural crops, produced by General Revenue. .-.:....,..... $34,080,000 f dry farming or irrigation, are hay (chiefly „ , ., c-monnnn* i/,c\ I . .\ \ I I General h.xpcnditures, .$37:789,0001 alfalfa), wheat, corn, potatoes, beets, bar-^. : '^. ~\' ' ' ley, eye, beans, and apples. Farm acreage S^'^^'-" University...... University of Wyoming in 1948 was 33,116,554, and total value of Site ...... :.:;...... Laramie crops was approximately S119 million in Capital City...... ;...,;...... Cheyenne 1946. Oil refining, flour processing, and . . Population ^1950)."...... 31,935 lumber products are important industries. „ , ; ^ . ' < T • ?^ • 1. J . I , Rank m State. .;..;... . .;. 1st Leading mineral? products are coal, pe troleum, and natural gas. There arc unde- ^-irg^t City. . .-. ... .Cheyenne • veloped areas of iron, copper, gold, silver,. Population (1950)...... ,...,.. .31,935 rtnd lead. • Number of Cities over 10,000 Population. .5 ' Yellowstone Park is a nationally famous , N^nij^.r of Counties...... 23 tourist attracjion. Hardly less widely known - ^— '^-'^ ". ' " ; :„ tU.v ...:i^l ^»,J „i,.^r^.-.A \..^.^,.t-. ^C *V.t^ nTr^t,^.-, *As allocated on Iwsi.i or t9.S0'popul.ition liRur.cs . ^.- IS the Wild and rugged beauty ot the 1 cton tu. s. Bureau of Ccnju.i report . ^ Range. The beautiful valley of the Snake River, knowiT as Jackson's Hole; is a wild life preserve and center of zoologicaLstudy. r rr^icT AT^rxrr crowrr^r xnr\Tr^\^ There are eleven national forests, contain- l^tAilSLA 11VL SLRViCL AGLN(^\ ing 9 million acres, and three national Wyoming State Library monuments. The rodeo held at Cheyenne ' . 'MAY Gn.i.ms, Librarian • draws thoiLsands of visitors annually. ^ ^' . Q John Colter, a member of t,he Lewis and " .The resburces of the State, Library arc. Clark expedition, was the first white man available to each Legislator. Research as-' to enter' the State (1807). Kur. traders and sistance is rendered and bibliographies are trappers followed. The Oregon Trail . prepaVed ^ypon request. The bills are filed formed a pathway f WrOMING 567 OFFICERS ; Governor...... FRANK A. BARRETT •.••.'•'. •'" .- - J '^ Lieutenant Governor...... 1. None Secretary of State C. J. ROGERS Attorney General 6^ .... :...... HARRY S. HARNSBERGER State Treasurer...... J. R. MITCHELL State Auditor. EVERETT T. Cof^ENHAVER -/, . WYOMING SUPREME COURT , Chief Justice...... ; RALPH KIMBALL Two Associiate Justices V Term...... '...... Eight years HON. EVERETT COPENHAVER GOVERNOR •• Elected by popular vote Chairman of the Commission oa FRANK A. BARRETT- Intergovernmental Cooperation" LEGISLATURE !.. President of the Senatfe.. .;..... ROBERT J. RY.MILL President Pro Teni of the Senate. R. L. GREENE Speaker of the House- FRANK C. MOCKLER Secretary .of the Senate. . . . . WM. A RINER.JR. - Clerk of the House i RICHARD J. LU.MAN , , Senators Representatives Term ,* Regular Session . t.^ D.'...":..1;.10 D:...,:.... 17- Senate. .4 years Second Tuesday in January, biennially in R.. ;.....:.17 R. 39 House..;2 years odd years. Length: 40 daysi Total...... 27 Total . . .56 r-- COMMISSION ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION Adminbtrative Members Senate NJembers House Mehabers EVERET^ COPENHAVER, EAIJIL T. BOWER EARL L. CHAMBERLAIN Chairman DAVID HITCHCOCK DAVID ^OOTE, SR. L. C. BISHOP ALLEN HUNTER SAM FRATTO HARRY S. HARNSBERGER E. PAT MURPHY (ROBERT E. HOLSTEDT ' "C. J. ROGERS - E. J. ZOBLE J. W. MYERS RICHARD K. REDBURN E^-officio.Honorary Members: THE GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT OF SENATE, SPEAKER OF HOUSE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS'. . Adjutant General.:...... R. L. ESMAY Labor. -JOHN B. GEORGES Advertising...... :...... ,... .HOWARD SHARP Libcarv (State and Law) ...... MAY GILLIES Agriculture. ... .WM. L. CHAPMAN LiquOTtlonlrol...... EARL WRIGHT • Bmiking. NoRRis E. HARTWELL Mines...... ;...,...... LYMAN FJEARN Budget...... *./. FRANK A. BARRETT Motor Vehicles...... WINSOR H. SIGLER Civil Defense...... ,BRIG. GEN'. R; L; ES-MAY- Q|d Age Assistance...... E. H. SCHUNEMAN Conmierce: ...... :.HPWARD SHARP Parole...... NORMAN G. BAILLIE Conservation. ..,...-...... :J. ELMER BROCK Personnel, .s .'.. .E. C. ROTHWELL. Corporations...'...... C. J; ROGERS • Planning and Development.. . . J. ELMER BROCK Corrections... . E, CROTHW^ELL Police...... : rWM. R. BRADLEY \ Education...... •..,...... _.... EDNA B." STOLT Printing and Purchasing....'. . . E. *C. ROTHWELL Education (Vocational) .SAM HITCHCOCK Public Utilities and Railroads..A. H. MICHELSON Employment Service .CHESTER P. SORENSON ;Sanitation. .L. O. WILUAMS Equalization of Assessments. . .A. H. MICHELSON Securities...... ELAINE WESTEDT Fish and Game...... :.. LESTER BAG LEY Soil Conservation...... ;... 1 A. E. BOWMAN Forestry...... '. JOHN RIEDEL Taxation ...... :. A. H. MICHELSON Geology...... HORACE D. THOMAS Unemployment Insurance. .,. .. C. P. SORENSON Health...... FRANKLIN D. YODER, M.D. , Water Resources. L. C. BISHOP Highw^..". .'r...... L. G. GOODMAN Welfare '. E. H. SCHUNEMAN Insurance ;... ..FORD S. TAFT Workmen's Compensation.... WILLIAM F. PETRY V c^ - • p {••• rs- ALASKA •r-' f' \i- Flower (unofficial)..: Forget-me-not Purchased from Russia by • • , '' , ^ . „ ,,• , ,v .i , The United States March 30, 1867 aon^ {unomc\3X) .Alaska, My Alaska . js Capital City. .ijuneau Alaska is an irregularly shaped'penin Bering, a Danish navigator, in command sula on the northwest tip of the North of a Russian expedition, discovere(i Alaska American continent. Two chains of islands, . in 1741. In. 1867 it was purchased from the Aleutian and Alexander archipelagoes, Russia by the United States. The Terri •extend from the southwest .^nd southeast tory was organized in 1884 and in 1898 the corners. Numerous srrialler groups lie off Gold, Rush brought a great influx of Amer the coast. Two great mountain qhains in icans. The present Territorial government j9^ the vyest and central regions are separated was established in 1912. • \ by the Yukon Plateau, and on the east the mountainoiis area is bordered by a plain STATISTICS sloping eastward and northward .fb the I Arctic Ocean. The Yukon River bisects, Area (square miles) ...... :.... 571,065 the peninsula. Mt: McKinley (altitude Population (1950)...... :.....".-...... 126,661 * 20,300 feet) is the highest point in North Density per square mile (1950)...... 1 .... .2 America. , Efelegate to Congress (jE. L. Bartlett).....'..... 1 .it-^ The principal manufacture, canned sal Fiscal d^ta January 1; 1949—December 31, 1950:. mon, with an annual value-of S85 million, General Revenue. ;$25,327,976 is based on the chief Alaskan occupation, . ..General E.\penditures. .524,848,480 fishing. The herring and -halibut catch University ...... University of Alaska i-anks next to salmon in value. Fur farming' Site...... : ...... \Cpllege, Alaska and the seal catch provide important Capital City..... ,•; ...... '. . . .Juneau sources of revenue..Much of the vast forest •••Population (1950) ...... -.S.SIS* area lies in reservations, s . Largest city. ,;...... '... . , .Anchorage Mineral resources include gold, coal, Population (1950)...... :..'.:::.:..:.'. 11,060*. copper, antirnony, lead, iinc, and'iron.' Number of Cities over 10,000 Population..... 1 * Cattle and domesticated. reindeer are ^ •Based on • preliminary 1950 population Bgurca (U...S. the principal livestock. Hay, garden crops, Bureau of Census) ' .i, : • '' '. and d'airy products also are valuable. . Anchorage, Alaska's'largest city, has a ALASKA DEVELOPMENT BO.ARD' population of 11,060 within its corporate Chairman: ERNEST QRUENING limits and an additional 9,000 in the imme- Legal Statys: Legislative Act, Chapter.25, diately adjacent suburban districts. • 1945 Session Laws ' . lylt. McKinley National Park, the pre Appropriation: $70,000 for bienniurni, April 1, cipitous, scenic mountains, the thousands 1951 to Mar.ch 31,'1953 of glaciers and deep fjords in the Pacific region, the volcanic area in the "Valley of The Alaska Developrnent Board is pri Ten Thousand. Smokes" and the excellent marily an industrial promotion body, fishing and hunting attract many Alaska: which seeks practical' solutions to employ vacationers. The water route through the*. ment problems and g^eraLeconomic de Alexander archipelago affords magnificent • velopment by encouragl^^^the establish alpine scenery: Recent completion of the ment of new industries and the expansion 1,52'3-mile Alaska highway opens a land of eixisting industry. In additionj the route establishing easier communication Board also functions as a general informa between the States and the Territory. tion bureau. • 568 ^/•••• ALASKA " /. : •-'•.• :•• OFFICERS,-. , -•• Governor. ..,...... :..... ERNEST GRUENING Lieutepant Governor ....:..... LLEWELLYN M. WILLIAMS Secretary of State...... '. ;r.LLEAVEILYN M; WILLIAMS /Attorney General...... '.. .J. GERALD WILLIAMS • Treasurer ' •..... •'. .HENRY RODEN Auditor...... ;...';..-...... '.:'. NEIL F. MOORE •• .••' /• .• •.':' •••• : • ;v- -• •. .\.--. •;. <•. • . ^.1... . . ^. • • • •.. DISTRICT COURT OF ALASKA Justices ..'•'. 1st Division...... :...... ,...... GEORGE W. FOLTA 2nd Division...... '.. .../.: JOSEPH VY. KEHOE 3rd Division...... ' ...... "N ...... ;... .ANTHONY J. DIMOI^D .4th Division. . .HARRY B. PRATT Term ; 1...... !...... '•. .Four years Appointed.by tlie President of The United States GoypRNOR ERNESTGRUENINO LEGISLATURE President of Senate.. .GUNNARD M. ENGEBRETH Speaker of House...... WILUAM A. EGAN President ProTemof theSenate..HOWARDLYNG Clerk of House... .MARGARET O. GRISHAM SecretJiry of Senate..;... .BONNIE Jo GRONROOS ,- . . , , Senators Representatives ' - . ; Regular Session . D. . i .8 D .14 i ^Fourth Monday in January in oda years. R...... 8 R... 10,: Length: 60 days. TotaL.....;16 Total...... 24 . ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS .r-'*. Adjutant General...... ;... .LARS L. JOHNSON Labor. '.... .HENRY A. BENSON Aeronautics.;...... -. GEORGE S. SCHWAMM Library (Archives)...... EDWARD L. KEITHAHN Agriculture..;.'..; CLYDE G. SHERMAN Mental Health. .C. EARL ALBRECHT, M.D. Budget..'. .HENRY RODEN Mines...... -. .LEO H. SAARELA Civil^Defense .;. .•...... EARL LANDRETH Old Age,Assistance...... HENRY A. HARMON Corporations...... ":... NEIL F. MOORE Planning 'and Development.. GEORGE SuNpiORO Education EVERETT ERICKSON Police...... ;. .^,...... FRANK A. METCALF Employment Service ...'. ARTHUR A. HEDGES Public Works.;.... 1...... FRANK A; METCALF Finance. .c~.... .HENRY RODEN Purchasing. .. .HENRY RODEN Fish and i^ame. CLARENCE L. ANDERSON Soil Conservation. .'...... FRANK B. LINN Food and Drugs. ...C. E. ALBRECHT Taxation....'. ..'.. MATTHEW P. MULLANEY Health. j...... C. EARL ALBRECHT, M.D. Unemployment Insurance.. .-.J. T,' McLAUoriuH Highways .. FRANK A. METCALF Veterans. ..., y...... FLOYD, G. GUERTIN Hous^g. .£. GLEN WILDER Welfare.....'...... HENRY A. HAIIMON Insurance.. .'.. .M. P. MULLANEY Workmen's Compensation. . .^ HENRY A. BENSON \ r- fr- . r.- Y •^•: •• a \ - r- Nickname .. .The Hongkong of the Future Cec^ed to the United States by " Spain April 11, 1899 . ' f •-•'. • • •• ' -' . ' .. ' Capital City . . Agana • . . Guam, tne "Hongkong of the Future," pied by the Japanese. On August, 1, 1950,. lies af the southernmost end of a-chain of Guam was accorded" unincorporated terri islands called the Marianas whidSh are sit torial status and its people became United uated b.etvveen the .13th and 2pth parallel's ,States citizens. ' -> of. north latitude and aldn'g the 145th me The Territpry is relatively poor in natur ridian east of Greenwich. This group ex al resources. Before the war, coconut, trees tends in a line almost noFth a:nd south for grew in abundance, but due to conditions; 420 miles and is composed of seventeen growing out of the war, the number of ; islands. . , • ' , fruit-bearing trees ^as decreiased. Guam is S. .Gu:an;i is the largest and the most P9pu-• makingevery effort to re-establish its copra lous of the Marianas. It represents nearly industry. At present there is not enough 60 per cent of the total land area of the forestation on the island. to support a Marianas and about 25 per cent of all the lumber industry,' but plans have been land in Micronesia. The island is sharply drawn for a reforestation program which divided just below the center into a north not only will enable the Territory to- pro ern limfrstone plateau and an a^eaof high duce lumber, but ailsovvill. be a primary er volcanic hills in the south. The northern factor in conservation. There are no miner ipz^ss^,. plateau,, with a maximum elevation of 674 al deposits of consequenQe. _ ^ • : . feet above sea level is covered with dense The Guam. Government has initiated-a, jurigle, and in certain cleared areas orvthe development program in order to, make northeast side, fertile farm land; whereas Giiam a commercial center. The manufac the/southern hills siipport mainly sword- ture of tropic'al furniture is being encQur- grass. The volcanic hills rise to a height of aged. Petroleum companies-are being in . 1,334 feet above sea level, and on'the vited) to establish their supply depots in highisst peak, Mt. Lamlam, is found a cap Guam. There are large (commercial fishing ping of sortie of the oldest post-volcanic possibilities. Jirms throughout the Orient iimestpnes which support a thick vegieta- and the United States are becoming aware tion similar?to the northern plateau areai of the potentialities of Guam as a process Guam was discovered on March 6, '1521, ing and distributing center. The fact that by Magellari. He'narried the chain "La- Guam has no customs duty, and that goods • dil-ones," but in 1688 the name was chang manu^ctured or processed there enter the* ed to "Marianas" in honor of Maria Ana United States and the Territories free of of Austria, Queen of Spain. Guarn was cap customs Is an invitation to success. tured from Spain on June 21, 18.98, during the Spanish-American War and was ceded . ' STATISTICS* ' • ; • to the United States'by the Treaty of Paris Area (square miles) ....;...... !. : 226 signed December 10, 1898. , • Population (1950)... ..,,...;...... ,... 58,754 IDensity per square inile (1950) .."*.... .255 Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor^ Fiscal Year July 1, 1951—June 30, 1952: during World War II, Guam was invaded Estimated Revenue-...-...... ,.,. $7,048,000 and captured by the Japanese. The island Estimated Expenditures...... r. . .. .57,0^32,000 was retaken by United States troops in CapitalGity ...... Agana .Population (1950)....'...... : ...... 498 July, 1944.. Largest City . . Sinajana From 1899 until 1950 the island was Population (1950).. ;.....:. .4,064 governed by the Navy, except when occu *Furnishcd by Government of Guam. 5-70 fpj I, , 9- GUAM 571 OFFIGERS Governor,.. ...;...... , . ; .. CARLTON SKINNER . Territorial Secretary f, . . . RANDAL S. HERMAN . Attorney General...: .,.. .. KNIGHT p.. AutSBRook Treasurer. L F. WARREN t f • • . . „ ^ . / . DISTRICT COURT OF GUAM I < District Judge. . ; . .. .j. PAUL D. SHRIVER .Term. . Four years Appointed by President with consentiof the Senate • GOVERNOR CARLTON SKINNER F' LEGISLATURE. Speaker. . .^•.. .. '.'••• • . ...A. B. WON P/ Secretary. .ANTONIO S. N. DUENAS Vice Speaker...... ^FRANCISCO PEREI; Clerk... . .;... MARIA C. DUENAS The legislative powcr/of Guam, except as othc: and qualification of itS'Own members. It chooses wise provided in'Public Law G30 (81st Congress)|, from its members its own officers, determines its rules is vested in a Legislature w^ich consists oif a singl •and procedure, not inconsistent with Public Law 830, Houseof not to exceed twenty-one members.to hi and keeps a journal. Regular sessions of the Legisla elected at large. General elections to the Legislatun: ture shall.^e -held annually for a period or periods not" shall be held on the Tuesday next after the firs ^ to e.xeeed'in the aggregate sixty calendar days, as the Monday in November, biennially in even-numberec Legislature may determine. Such sessions shall con years. The' Legislature is the judge of the selection vene in Agana on the second Monday in Januai^. , • ^•..v „ •• ••' : ••••••'^-•^> ADMINISTRA'::iv E OFFICERS . Agriculture...... :...... JoApuiN GSJERRIERO Income Tax. I. F. WARREN Btidget...... '...... • .'.H. SHIPPE Labor .ALBERT SLAUGHTER Civil Defense. ;...:•.....COL. JUAN MUNA Library (State)...... ': ; .MRS. LUCILLE WOELFL Commerce.,. ,, .JOSE D. LEON GUERRERO Liquor CSntrol...... FRANK X FLORES Corporations...... ;... !• F-; WARREN Motor Vehicles '•...... ; I, F. WARREN Education : .JOSE R. PALOMO Parks; . . ; .MANUEL F- L. GUERRERO Education (Vocational) A. L. TEMPLE Parolq...... _,.... .PAUL SANDER Employp^cnt Service. ...'. .• .•. .SABINO G. FLORES Personnel. , , .ALBfRT SLAUGHTER Finance .....:.'..... I. F. WARREN] planning and Development...... G. HOEBROOK Fish and Game. .'.. .'.*. .JOAQUIN GUERRER( Police. ., .M. C^FROST Forestry-'...... •. ..'... .JOAQUIN GUERRERO Public Works Tr...... R. C. HOLBROOK Health. .:.; . • ^. . A. W. MATHIS, M.D Soil' Consenvation. :>...... JOAQUIN GUERRERO Highways. ;R. C. HOLBROO Taxation...... ;...... 1. E. WARREN Housing...... R. C. HOLBROO Unemployment Insurance.... SABINQ C. FLORES - ' '' ••'•••• • ;'• • ••• \ • . ^ .•/"•-• S^ ••;.•••• ^s ff*.- HAWAII JO , Nickname.-,-. Paradise of the^Pacific,'^ Flower, .,. .Red Hibiscus' Motto...... £/a Mau Ke Ea 0 Ka Song ; Hawaii Ponoi Aim I'Ka Pom . . •' c (The Life of the Land Is Annexed to United-States Perpetuated in Righteousness) -...... /... .July, 7, 1898 Capital City....".'.'• , Honolulu •K. • Kawaii, "Crossroad's of the Pacific,",is one rtile in 1795 by a native monarch, ' .:^\' isolated group of islands, seven of them Kam^hanieha L The kingdom was over-. •^ inhabited, lying about on?-third of the thrown by revolutionists in 18-93; and a , way between the North ArSerican and. republic proclairned in 1894. Hawaii was Asiatic continents. The archipelago con- annexed to the United States in ,1898 and sists of coral and volcanic islands contain- the Territorial government organized in ing numerous craters, sofne of whiclj^ are 1900. The attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 still active: On the island of Hawaii/^con- is a landmark in American history, taining almost tworthirds of thp (»entire area, are Kilaueaj largest of all active vol,-. STATISTICS canoes, and'Mauna.Kea, the highest ppint, ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^.^^y ...:.....';...... ,. 6,423 .13,784 feet. _ . . Population (1950)...... 493,437* Agriculture is the principal industry and ; density per square mile (1950)...... 76.8 sugar cane and pineapples are the leading . Delegate to Congr^:...... ;..:...... 1 / crops. Otjher. agricultural products and piscai Year 1950: - • ' ,; activities of iii^or economic^ inriportance. ^Jeneral Revenue., ..:.. V;.... .$107,809,689 are coffee, cattle/aising dairying, fresh " ^^^^ Expenditures...... : .$112,804,1^1 fruit and vegetame production, poultry state University...... University of Hawaii and eggs, hog raising, honey, nut prodi^p- • gite...... Honolulu .tion, aiid .flower growing. Sevenpercent Capital City...... '... .• ..Honolulu of the area is cultivated (approximately Population (1950)..:. .245,612*. 288,000 acres). ', ^' . ' V Largest City...... :..:.... ;Honoluiu' Manufactures are based on agricultural . Population (1950) 245,612* products. The pineapple, pack reached $75 dumber of Cities over J0,000 Population....;. .2 million m 1949, cane sugar and cane by- dumber of Counties...... :..... 5t products about $103.8 million. Total —•— value of air farm prpducts'for ,1949, in- Bu*cau1f CcJif ™"''^ ^ figur« (u.s., eluding processed materials, exceeded $208 ,. ^including the County of Kalawao xyWch ia under the jurb- .... °S . • . • , diction of the Board of Health . .'.-•• ••/•.'/•' •• .•'. ' ..". • •••/••-•••.- .• "^ •. ''•:•••'•- : • '.*'•••;.: ;••':••.'. ::•• ^ :^ f?-. •• e>- HAWAII '573 ;,. OFFICERS ' Governor... >...... i^. .OREN E. LONG Secretary of Territory...... '...... ,,... .FRANK G. SERRAO •' •' . • " •• ' ' ' • • ••-,••• ; SUPREME COURT OF HAWAII r^ r^ Chief Justice...... -.,...... EDWARD A. TOWSE Two Associa^p Justices . ^.^ "V; Term...'...... '...... ^....;.; ..;.. .Fouryears Appointed by the President of The tJnited States ' 11 , GdVBRNOft .'y. OREN E. LoNa jj . • • . • ft ^ LEGISLATURE Pre^denl df Seriate..... WILFRED C. TSUKIYAMA Speaker of House,...... ,.. r.. HIRAM L.- FONO Vice-president of the Senate Clerk of House. .WALTER GHUGK ...... -....,.,....:... .THELMA A. HARRISON •r- Secretary ,^ (Glerk.^ Senate)....MRS..ELLEN DI.SMYTHE Senators Represjeritatives,., Term Regular Session D...... '^6 D..;.;.....9 Senate. .4 years Third Wednesday in Februciry in odd yeiirs. R....•;.... .9 R;...... 21 House. .'.2 years Length: 60 days, but Governor may extend Total. .V.v.-.15 Total. .;....30 for 30 days. « r AnMINiSlfe^flVE OFPldE^^ Adjutant General...... <.... FRED W. MAKINNEY Liquor Control.^. .1 ...... WILLIAM R. HOLT Aeronautic. , V.PEYTON HARRISON MentalHealth...... Y, T, WONG, M.D. Agriculture...... COLIN G. LENNOX Motor Vehicles...... WM. CHUN'G-HOON, JR. Budget...... PAUL J. THURSTOIN Old Age Assistance...... JACOUELINE PERRY Civil Defense...... '. .'.;. .:WM. B. COBB Park^...... 1...... WILLIAM CROSBY Corrdctions...... THOMAS B. VANCE Parole...... ^ .ARTHUR A. HOKE Education...... •...'.. .W. HAROLD LOPER Persohnelj^. . .V. .ARTHUR A. AKINA, JR. Employment -Security...... HOWARD Wno Planning and Development f-4..' Employment Service. , .. E. LEIGH STEVENS ....'. GEORGE HOUGHTAILINO. Fire Meu'shal .WILLIAM B. BROWN. iPolice.,t....:.... .4...... DAN Liu- Fish and Game...... VERNON E. BROCK Port Authority...... BENJAMIN F. RUSH Forestry .... WILLIAM CROSBY Public Assistance,...... JACOUELINE PERRY Geology. MAX H. CARSOI^,, Public Utilities and Railroads .JAMES M. O'DOWDA Health...... \.. CHAS. L. WILBUR, JR., M.D. Public Works.... T , ROBERT M. BELT Highways...... '.'...... ROBERT M. BELT Purchasing GEO. MCGORRISTON Housing....,...... ;. '., .LEE MAICE Taxation. . .TORKEL WESTLY, Labor.....'...... ,.... .E. B; PETERSON -Unemployment insurance.'.. FRANK M. TORRES Library (Af chives)...... ,..;.. .^ MAUDE JONES ^Water Resourc^.....;'.,.... .'.FRED OHRT ^• Library TLaw)...... MARY HELEN STEVENS. ' WelJtarjp, . .. . .©^ 9 '•• i ^'-. •\ ' r -..; PUERTO RIGO N Sgng. .La Bddnqueha Became a ^Territory Sf'The -../, " United States December 10, 1898 Capital City...... , San Juan' : clude (1950 figures) sugar, 1,293,947 short '~ ~ '.•;.•- '.••." . • *s • • *Bascd- on preliminary 1950' population figures (U. S, tons; distilled spirits, chiefly rum, 4,337,955 Bureau of Ctnsiis) ' . proof gallons; molasses, 50,522,846 gal tjhe increase to 356,318 (total urban population of the Capital City, S.an Juan) is due to the fact that .Rio Piedras, lons; cigars, 69,427,900. Approximately which is physically cloiicto San Juan was, by law, consolidated • -2,098(405 barrels of portland cement were with San Juan into one municipality ' . ..' , produced in. 1950. Some manganese is shipped to the mainland, a^ fine needle work ajso ia exported. i LEGISLATIVE SERVICE AGENGY "- W " . • ' - - • • *• • . Points of interest include El Yunque, a .. * • •.. • dense, tropical rain forest; Luqwillo beach,, Office of the Executive Secretary on the northeastern'toast; La Forta|eza, MARCO A. RIG.^y, Legal Advisor to the the Governor's palace; the ancient fortress Executive Secretary of El Morro Casde irv, San Juan; Porta The Office of the Executive Secretary Goeli convent in San German; submarine does the legislative reference work for the gardens in Boca de Cangrejos; and the executive branch. Proposed' administra bird sanctuary on Mona Island. \ tion bills are s^ubmitted to the Governor, Golurribus discovered PuertG~^ Rico in via this office, by the department and 1493. In 1508 Ponce de Leon visited the agency heads. The administration's legis island and bestowed its present name lative program is prepared and coordin "Rich Port"; in 1510 Jtie was appointed ated between this office, theHBureau of the Governor. In 1595, Sir Francis Drake at Budget, and the Planning Board, The tempted to capture 3an Juan without suc Legislature created by statute an Office of cess, and Puerto Rico remained a Spanish the Legislative Geuncil but no personnel is possession until 1898, when it was ceded assigned at the resent time to this office. 574 ^A-' PUERTO RICO 575 .OFFICERS Governor. . ...,.-.."...... Luis Mu55bz-MARIN Exe SUPREME COURT OF PUERTO RICO .'-..• -• • / - Chief Justice ..,...... ; ...<...... \ ROBERTO H. TdpD, JR. Fdur Associate judges : , •Terta.^...".".... . '..; ....;..-...... , ...... '. ..:..\ ..;:.,Life Appointed by the President of the United States GOVERNOR • : Lua Mufioz-MAsiN LEGISLATURE i'^' Ftesident of Senate.. ... SAMUEL R. QuifJONES • (^i - • Vice-president' Speaker of House,...... E. RAMOS-ANTONINI n. of Senate...... Luis A.. NEGRON-LOPEZ Vice-president of llouse .BENJAMIN ORH?, Secretary of Senate. .JOSE CESTERO-GOARDIOLA Seoretaryof the House... .Jps£ BERRIOS-BERDECIA ^ Senators . Rcprraentatives : Terra • Regular Session \, P*.....-. ....17 P*....;.-. ...38 Senate.. 4 years Second Monday, in.February of each year. Other...... 2 Other...... 1 House...44 years Length of Sessidn: until April 15. • Total. .19 Total.. .^...?9; *Popular Dernocratic Party ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS e Adjutant General.:....!:... ..Luis RAtJL ESTEVES Labor.. ..:... .F^NANDo'SlERRA-BERDECfA Aeronautics...... ;SALVADOR V. CARO Library (Archives, and History). . . JALME BENITEZ Agriculture...... •... RAMON COLON^TORRES Library (Law)..... ,.. CARMEN P. J.'DE' AMOR6S Banking.. ...::. .;.. . . .SOL L, DESCARTES Library (State)...... -...... Ltris O'NEILL Budget...... :. ROBERTO DE JES T-CV.., J ' :•&-• VIRGIN ISLANDS Formerly known. as Danish Purchased from Denmark West Indies : ...... i.... .January 17, 1917 •• . • - • •• .• • • • ••">,'»• Flower...... -..,. .TecomaStans Capital Gity...... Gharlotte Amalie (Yellow Elder or YeUow^Cedar) . , The American Virgih Islands, about The tourist trade is becoming increas ; forty miles east of Puerto Rico, in the Less ingly impoi;1ant-to the islands. Attractive to rx-'M? er Antilles, are a small group of approxi vacationers are the equable climate, the mately fifty islands, three of which are in excellent fishing^ sailing, and fine coral habited—St, Thomas, St. John, and' St. beaches, the quaint Old World cities, and Croix. To the north is the Atlantic and to the, beauty of the rugged and ipountainous the south the Caribbean. The archipelago hillsides, covered with tropical vegetation. lies in the path of the |rade winds, which ^ Of interest to archaeologists are the ancient produce moderate temperatures. The is Carib Indian inscriptions on Sti John,; lands are the projecting summits of sub The Virgin Islands were discovered by. merged mountain ranges, the Highest point,^ Columbus in 1493^ and by 1540 the Span Crown Hill, reaching 1,550 feet. On St. ish had .-rnade setdemei^ts. In 1625 the Thomas and St. John the hilltops slope English established a'colony on St. Croix^ steeply down to sea level. and some- time later Danish settlements .On St. Croix, whe.re a considerable pro were planted on St. Thomas and St. John. portion of the surface is sloping plain, agri By the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 the pres culture is the principal industry and sugar ent American Virgin Islands wete award cane the chief crop. Cattle are raised, and ed to Denmark, which sold them to. the sugar, molasses, and hides produced." , •United States in;1917. The Organic Act of The fine, almost land-locked harbor of . 1936 provided a Civil Government for the Charlotte Amalie offers most of the em Islands and univ'ersal suffrage was granted ployment on St. Thomas. Dock work in in 1938:- • '. cludes trans-shipment of large quantities of bauxite from British Guiana to the. STATISTICS , • ' . ••" North Anifcricaii mainland, thcftloading Area—St; Groix (square miles)...... :•:...80 aud. unloading of other cargoes, amd the .St. Thomas (square miles). servicing of passenger steamers. ^ ...... ?.:32 St. John (square miles). . . . ' Rum is manufactured from sugar arid is ...... 20 the principal export to the United States, Population (1950)—St. Croix...... 12,096• the value^in i.948 approximating $332,000. Density per square mile (1950)...... 151.2 In recent years hai^cjicraft has provided for PopuIation,jof St. Thomas..:..,.. .::.. .13,811^ export such articles as carved tortoise shell Density, per square mile .(l950)...... 431.6 ornaments, woven baskets, ha-ts, and other Population of St. John...... :.::..lAl* -straw goods, sewn and erribroideredf/linenV Density per square mile (1950)...... 37.4 Bay trees on St. John are a sourqe of the Fiscal year 1950: . ' » oils used in the manufactufe of bay rum, General Revenue ...... $1,241,190.69 exported in considerable quantities. General Expenditures... ..,.:. . .. . : -. 52,055,988 Capital Gity. .... Charlotte Amal le, St^ Thomas There are thr6e cities, Charlotte Amalie Number of Mynicipalities ;;,.;,...•,..2 on St. Thomas, and Christiansted and ' *Bascdon preliminary 1950 population figures (U. S. Fredericksted on St. Croix. Bureau'of Census) r~ 576 r> V 0 «=*>r ' \ •>• * . VIRGIN ISLANDS 577 .. •;. • ' ' . .. •. • ' •• . '' ' • *- • 'i^OFFICERS j '< Governor...... ' ..^. •':•. •]•- • • '.MORRIS F. DECASTRO Government Secretary .."'..;?...... DANIEL W. AMBROSE ^ •'Treasurer...... ; ,...... ,..:.. .Loufs SHULTERBRANDT Auditor...... ;....!." ...'...!.... PERCY DE JONGH DISTRICT COURT OF TflE VIRGIN ISLANDS V Judge. ....". , "fr....,..,..rHERMAi? E. MOORE United States Attorney. CYRIL MICHAEL '" LEGISLATURE " ' Chairman...... ; .....;...... " . ALVA MCFARLANE Secretary...... ;. .-...... "... .CYPRIAN GARDINE ' There are two Municipal Councils elected by popular franchise. One Municipal Council of seven members enacts all legislation for the islands of St. Thomassand St. John, known as the Municipality of St. Thomas and St. John. . Another Municipal Council of nine members enacts al,l legislation for the island of St. Croix, known as the Muni cipality of St. Croix. These two Councils, sitting in Legislative Assem-*^^ • GOVERNOR bly once each year upon call of the Governor, or for special sessions MORRIS F. DE CASTRO uf)on call' either of the Governor or of the Municipal Councils, enact legislation applicable to the Virgin Islands as a whole. The Governor has the veto f)ow;er but the legislative authorities may pass bills by two- thirds majority over bis veto whereuppn such bills, if not then approved ' by the Governor, go to the President of the United States. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS Advertising..,.:;...... ;... DANIEL W. A.MBROSE Motor Vehicles' • • Agriculture ^ • , .;... .EARLE H. CHARLES, ^4oRRELL E. DAVIS OSCAR R. BOUGH, ROBERT L. HANNON ' Old Age Assistance . ' Budget. DANIEL W. AMBROSE, HARRY E. TAYLOR .... ROY W: BORNN, STANL^EY S. Cout-raR Civil Defense .ADOLPH GEREAU Parks " U ^ Corporations .DONALD S. BOREHAM, A.'PARALITICCI .... .DANIEL W. AMBROSE, HARRY E- TAYLOR . Parole..;.. RoY W. BORNN * Corrections..... ROY W. BORNN, S. S. COULTER Personnel. ULLMONJ L. JAMES • Education ' ,^ " 'Poli^^... EARLE H. CHARLES, MORRELL E. DAVIS ...... C. FREDERICK DIXON, PEARL B. L'ARSEN Ports Authority. .ENGLE L. SIMMONS, -^ Finance; .".. .L. SHULTERBRANDT, L. R. CONRAD Print&ig. ...;... ALPHONSE DONASTORG ^ Fish and Game....!...... ENGLE L. SIMMONS Publu: Utilities and Railroads.. .GRACE GORDON Health. .^ JOHN S. MOOI^EAD, M.D. Public Works^ MELVIN H. EVANS, M.D...... DoNALD_S. BOREHAM, A. PARALITICCI Highways. DONALD S. BOREHAM, A. PARALITICCI ^ Purchasing • Housing ..... ROY W, BORNN ... Louis SHULTERBRANDT, LUD\7G R. CONRAD Insurance. :••••• .DANIEL W. AMBROSE Soil Conservation B. S. WILDER Labor. ..'... .REGINALD. DA vis, Louis O. BROWN Taxation Library (Law)..... ^ GEORGE A. MENA • .. .Louis SHULTERBRANDT,"LUDVIG R. CONRAD ; Library (State) t Veterans...... :.C. F. DIXON, F. B. LARSEN NitfA A. C. CoRNEiRo, FLORENCE A.; WILLIAMS )Velfare.. .ROY W. BORNN, STANLEY S. COULTER Liquor Control...... MORRIS F. DECASTRO Workmen's Compensation Mental Health.....". .JOHN S. MOORHEAD, M.D...... REGINALD DAVIS, Louis BROWN