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Sand Colour of Owen Anchorage Beaches Sand Colour of Owen Anchorage Beaches Investigation into the occurrence of grey sands: the cause, extent and origin November 2011 \\oce-per-fs1\projects\DEC\734_OwenAnchorageGreySands\001_OriginalScope\Reports\GreySands_Rev3_20120531.docm Sand Colour of Owen Anchorage Beaches Investigation into the occurrence of grey sands: the cause, extent and origin Prepared for Cockburn Sound Management Council Prepared by Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd and The University of Western Australia November 2011 Report No. 734_001/1 Client: Cockburn Sound Management Council Revisions history DISTRIBUTION REVIEW Version Author No. Copies & Recipients Date Reviewer Date Format M. Carey Rev A B. Hegge 1 x Word 22/02/10 B. Hegge 23/02/10 D. Haig Rev B M. Carey B. Hegge 1 x Word 24/02/10 B. Hegge 24/02/10 Rev B M. Carey T. Rose 1 x PDF 24/02/10 Rev C P. Larcombe B. Hegge 1 X Word 13/03/11 B. Hegge 21/06/11 T. Rose 1 x PDF Rev 0 P. Larcombe 09/08/11 Oceanica 2 x Hardcopy Rev 1 K. Cox B. Hegge 1 x docm 03/11/11 B. Hegge 04/11/11 T. Rose 1 x PDF Rev 2 K. Cox 08/11/11 Oceanica 2 x Hardcopy Rev 3 K. Cox G. Botting 1 x PDF 31/05/12 Status This report is “Draft” until the author and director have signed it off for final release. A “Draft” report should not be used for any purpose other than to be reviewed with the intention of generating a “Final” version. Approved for final release: Author Director Disclaimer This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of Cockburn Sound Management Council, and is subject to and issued in accordance with the agreed terms and scope between Cockburn Sound Management Council, Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd and the University of Western Australia. Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd and the University of Western Australia accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Copying this report without the permission of Cockburn Sound Management Council, the University of Western Australia or Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd is not permitted. Cover Main image: View north to Catherine Point groyne (Oceanica Consulting) Minor images: Inspecting a limestone core at Carnac Island (Oceanica Consulting); Sediment samples from north of Catherine Point groyne (Oceanica Consulting). The Oceanica logo is a registered trade mark of Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd which is protected by law. You may not use this trade mark without first obtaining the permission of Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd. © Copyright 2012 Oceanica Consulting Pty Ltd Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. v 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Key objectives .................................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Report structure ................................................................................................................ 2 1.4. Study area ............................................................................................................................ 2 2. Environmental Setting ............................................................................................... 4 2.1. Geology ................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2. History of human use ...................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1. Coastal structures .................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2. Nourishment.............................................................................................................. 5 2.2.3. Dredging .................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.4. Landward sediment supply .................................................................................... 5 2.3. Local sediment transport patterns ............................................................................ 7 3. Field Sampling Programme ...................................................................................... 8 3.1. Onshore sampling ............................................................................................................. 8 3.1.1. Contaminants ............................................................................................................ 8 3.1.2. Surface sediment characterisation ....................................................................... 9 3.1.3. Beach sediment profiles ....................................................................................... 11 3.2. Offshore sampling .......................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1. Surface grabs .......................................................................................................... 14 3.2.2. Limestone cores ..................................................................................................... 15 4. Cause of the Grey Coloured Sands ....................................................................... 16 4.1. Contaminants ................................................................................................................... 16 4.1.1. Metals ....................................................................................................................... 16 4.1.2. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons ................................................................................. 17 4.1.3. Organic hydrocarbons ........................................................................................... 18 4.1.4. Petroleum hydrocarbons ...................................................................................... 18 4.1.5. Pesticides ................................................................................................................. 18 4.1.6. Summary ................................................................................................................. 20 4.2. Petrography ...................................................................................................................... 21 4.2.1. Sediment colour ..................................................................................................... 21 4.2.2. Sediment composition .......................................................................................... 24 4.2.3. Sediment colour and composition at other locations ..................................... 26 4.2.4. Sediment grain size ............................................................................................... 27 4.2.5. Mineralisation .......................................................................................................... 27 4.2.6. Summary ................................................................................................................. 31 5. Source and Spatial Extent of the Grey Sands .................................................. 32 5.1. Distribution pattern ....................................................................................................... 32 5.2. Source of limestone grains ......................................................................................... 32 5.2.1. Possible sites of mineralisation ........................................................................... 34 5.2.2. Timing of mineralisation ....................................................................................... 34 Oceanica: CSMC: Sand Colour of Owen Anchorage Beaches; Investigation into the occurrence of grey sands i 6. Changes Over Time ....................................................................................................35 6.1. Previous studies .............................................................................................................. 35 6.2. Vertical sediment profiles ........................................................................................... 38 7. Conclusions ...................................................................................................................42 7.1. Report summary.............................................................................................................. 42 7.2. Management strategy ................................................................................................... 43 8. Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................44 9. References.....................................................................................................................45 ii Oceanica: CSMC: Sand Colour of Owen Anchorage Beaches; Investigation into the occurrence of grey sands List of Tables Table 4.1 Metal concentrations in surface sediment samples (mg/kg) ......................... 16 Table 4.2 Polyaromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in surface sediment samples (mg/kg)................................................................................................ 17 Table 4.3 Volatile organic hydrocarbon concentrations in surface sediment samples (mg/kg)...............................................................................................
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