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Method to Identify Wells That Yield Water That Will Be Replaced by Colorado River Water in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah by RICHARD P

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Method to Identify Wells That Yield Water That Will Be Replaced by Colorado River Water in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah by RICHARD P Method to Identify Wells That Yield Water That Will Be Replaced by Colorado River Water in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah By RICHARD P. WILSON and SANDRAJ. OWEN-JOYCE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 94 4005 Prepared in cooperation with the BUREAU OF RECLAMATION Tucson, Arizona 1994 replaced by water from the river and wells that The United States shall prepare and yield water that will be replaced by water from maintain, or provide for the preparation and maintenance of, and shall make available, precipitation or inflow from adjacent tributary annually and at such shorter intervals as the valleys. To aid in implementing the Supreme Secretary of the Interior shall deem necessary Court decree, a method was developed by the or advisable, for inspection by interested U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the persons at all reasonable times and at a reasonable place or places, complete, detailed Bureau of Reclamation, to identify wells outside and accurate records of: * * * the flood plain of the lower Colorado River that yield water that will be replaced by water from * * * (B) Diversions of water from the main­ the river. The method provides a uniform stream, return flow of such water to the stream as is available for consumptive use in the criterion of identification that is based on United States or in satisfaction of the Mexican hydrologic principles for all users pumping treaty obligation, and consumptive use of such water from wells. water. These quantities shall be stated separately as to each diverier from the mainstream, each point of diversion, and each of the States of Arizona, California, and Legal Framework Nevada; * * * The Colorado River Compact of 1922 Article I of the decree defines terminology apportions the waters of the Colorado River and states in part: between the upper basin States and the lower (A) "Consumptive use" means diversions basin States (U.S. Congress, 1948, p. A17-A22). from the stream less such return flow thereto as The requirement for participation of the U.S. is available for consumptive use in the United Geological Survey and the Bureau of States or in satisfaction of the Mexican treaty Reclamation is stated in Article V: obligation; (B) "Mainstream" means the mainstream The chief official of each signatory State charged with the administration of water rights, of the Colorado River downstream from Lee together with the Director of the United States Ferry within the United States, including the reservoirs thereon; Reclamation Service and the Director of the United States Geological Survey shall cooperate, ex-officio: (C) Consumptive use from the mainstream within a state shall include all consumptive uses of water of the mainstream, including (a) To promote the systematic determination water drawn from the mainstream by and coordination of the facts as to flow, underground pumping, and including but not appropriation, consumption, and use of water in limited to, consumptive uses made by persons, the Colorado River Basin, and the interchange by agencies of that state, and by the United of available information in such matters. States for the benefit of Indian reservations and other federal establishments within the Water in the lower Colorado River is state; * * * apportioned among the States of California, Arizona, and Nevada by the Boulder Canyon Project Act of December 21, 1928 (U.S. Purpose and Scope Congress, 1948, p. A213-A225) and confirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court decree, 1964, This report documents the method to identify Arizona v, California, in terms of consumptive wells outside the flood plain of the lower use. The decree is specific about the Colorado River that yield water that will be responsibility of the Secretary of the Interior to replaced by water from the river. The report account for consumptive use of water from the defines and delineates the river aquifer in the mainstream; consumptive use is defined to lower Colorado River valley in Arizona, include "water drawn from the mainstream by California, Nevada, and Utah (fig. 1); describes underground pumping." Article V of the decree the source of water in the river aquifer, and (U.S. Supreme Court, 1964) states in part: describes the sediments and sedimentary rocks 2 Method to Identify Wells That Yield Water That Will be Replaced by Colorado River Water U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey District Chief Earth Science Information Center U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports Section Water Resources Division Box 25286, MS 517 375 South Euclid Avenue Denver Federal Center Tucson, AZ 85719-6644 Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Page Abstract........................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 1 Legal framework............................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and scope............................................................................................................. 2 Data collection................................................................................................................... 4 Previous investigations...................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgments............................................................................................................. 4 Concept of the river aquifer and accounting surface................................................................... 6 Description of the river aquifer.................................................................................................... 8 Source of water in the river aquifer................................................................................... 8 Geologic formations and their hydrologic characteristics................................................. 9 Delineation of the river-aquifer boundary......................................................................... 10 Above Davis Dam.................................................................................................... 11 Davis Dam to Topock.............................................................................................. 12 Topock to Parker Dam............................................................................................. 13 Parker Dam to Draper Lake..................................................................................... 14 Clear Lake to Laguna Dam...................................................................................... 15 Gravity studies by D. R. Pool............................................................................................ 15 La Posa Plain............................................................................................................ 17 Vidal Valley............................................................................................................. 19 Chuckwalla Valley................................................................................................... 21 Smoketree Valley..................................................................................................... 21 Generation of the accounting surface........................................................................................... 26 Lakes Mead, Mohave, and Havasu................................................................................... 26 Davis Dam to Topock....................................................................................................... 27 Parker Dam to Draper Lake............................................................................................... 27 dear Lake to Laguna Dam............................................................................................... 27 Potential adjustments to the method............................................................................................ 28 Summary...................................................................................................................................... 28 Selected references...................................................................................................................... 29 PLATES [Plates are in box] 1-19. Maps showing accounting surface and river aquifer in the lower Colorado River valley: 1. Clover Mountains, Nevada-Utah 2. Saint George, Utah-Arizona 3. Overton, Nevada-Arizona 4. Littlefield, Arizona 5. Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada 6. Mount Trumbull, Arizona 7. Boulder City, Arizona-Nevada 8. Peach Springs, Arizona Contents III CONTENTS Continued PLATES Continued 9. Davis Dam, Arizona-Nevada-California 10. Needles, Arizona-California 11. Sheep Hole Mountains, California 12. Parker, Arizona-California 13. Alamo Lake, Arizona 14. Eagle Mountains, California 15. Blythe, Arizona-California 16. Salome, Arizona 17. Salton Sea, California 18. Trigo Mountains, Arizona-California 19. Yuma, Arizona-California FIGURES 1. Map showing the lower Colorado River and area! extent of the river aquifer..................................................................................................................... 3 2. Map showing index to maps of the river aquifer
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