NATIONAL ADMNISTRATION “ROMANIAN WATERS”
Romania key input to the Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters under the UNECE Water Convention Siret River Basin
CORINA COSMINA BOSCORNEA, PhD National Administration “Romanian Waters”, Head of River Basin Management Plans Office, Bucharest, Romania
Ukraine - Kiev, 28 th April 2010 Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Romanian transboundary river basins
Information about transboundary river basins: •Somes/Szamos , •Mures/Maros, •Crisuri, Tisza River •Banat, basin
•Siret, •Prut, •Dobrogea-Litoral , •Arges-Vedea Danube •Banat River Basin •Buzau-Ialomita District •Jiu Romanian river basins Siret river basin in the Danube river basin district
Siret river basin 1. General description of the Siret river basin Population The total area Area in the Major Character with density in the Shared of the river country in km² transboundary an average area in the countries basin in the (%) river elevation country country (persons/km 2) Romania and 47610 42,890 (90.1%) Siret lowland / 515 94 Ukraine
The basin of the river Siret is shared by Ukraine and Romania. The river has its source in Ukraine and discharges to Danube on the Romanian territory. The main Siret’s tributaries are the rivers Suceava, Moldova, Bistrita, Trotus, Barlad and Buzau. Land use/land cover
Land cover/use (% of the part of the basin extending in Romania) Urban / Lakes / Protected Other forms Forests Cropland Grassland industrial reservoirs areas of land use areas 0.67 58.29 22.7 12.17 6.17 6% of total 0
• There are over 30 man-made lakes in the catchment area. Natural lakes in Romania include the Rosu, Lala, Balatau, Cuejdel, Vintileasca and Carpanoaia Lakes.
• Hydropower is generated at over 25 sites along the river. 2. Hydrology and hydrogeology(1)
Water resources
•Surface water resources: 5.800.000 m3/year (average for the years 1995 to 2007) •Groundwater resources: 1.068.000 m3/year (average for the years 1995 to 2007)
Discharge characteristics River (m3/s) Gauging Period of time or basin station date Qav Qmax Qmin Av: 1950-2005 Siret 210 4650 14.2 Max: 14.5.2005 Lungoci Min: 27.12.1996
Discharge characteristics for heavily regulated rivers and rivers in arid and semi-arid regions
Discharge characteristics of the at the gauging station Lungoci 3 Qav ___210_ m /s Average for: 1950-2005 Mean monthly values: October: 136 m 3/s November: 128 m 3/s December: 124 m 3/s January: 110 m 3/s February: 135 m 3/s March: 217 m 3/s April: 375 m 3/s May: 337 m 3/s June: 332 m 3/s July: 256 m 3/s August: 215 m 3/s September: 178 m 3/s Hydrology and hydrogeology(2)
Annual water withdrawal by sector the sum of surface water and groundwater resources
Mean annual total renewable water resources in the basin Total Agriculture Domestic Industry Energy Other withdrawal m3/year % % % % % 441855 11 29.26 32.4 27.3 0.04
General characteristics of the aquifers Link with Predominant Thickness (m) Areal Dominant River Stratigraphy surface Aquifer lithology or extent groundwater basin and age water lithologies mean max (km2) flow direction systems Sarmatian deposits, clay, Middle marl, sand from Ukraine porous- Siret Sarmantian intercalations of 100 250 3857 (S) to weak permeable Pontian calcareous Romania (NE) sandstones and limestones 3. Main problems in the basin and their relative importance (1)
• Mining (3) - The mining industry is one of the most significant pressure factors, with copper, zinc and lead mining, coal mining and uranium mining in Romania. There are a number of storage facilities (including tailing dams for mining and industrial wastes) in the Siret sub- basin
• Industry and manufacturing (2) Manufacturing includes light industry, and the paper, wood, chemical and food industries
• Electricity generation (2) Thermal power stations are located at Suceava, Bacau and Borzesti; but only the thermal power station at Borzesti contributes to thermal pollution. Main problems in the basin and their relative importance (2)
• Hydromorphological changes (3) - 8 surface water bodies are heavily modified
• Sewerage / untreated / insufficiently treated urban wastewater (2) - Environmental problems include insufficient treated municipal wastewater, discharged mostly from medium- sized and smaller treatment facilities, which require substantial rehabilitation, as well as wastewater discharges from industries, many of them with outdated modes of production. 4. Status and transboundary impacts related to water quality and water quantity
Most significant factors affecting surface water and groundwater resources (Water quantity and quality)
Factors Implemented measures
Groundwater Implementation of some measures under EU legislation. Research studies concerning pollution with nutrients (ammonium and nitrates) Flooding Implementation of flood directive requirements; water regulation by the many reservoirs 5. Implemented and planned response measures and gaps (1)
Legal and policy framework at the national and transboundary level • Bilateral transboundary agreement with neighbouring country Agreement between the Romanian and Ukrainian governments for the cross border cooperation in the field of water management (for surface water)- 1997 • National laws/regulations: WFD – transposed in Water law nr 107/1996, modified and completed with 310/2004 , 112/2006 and 3/2010; all European water directives were transposed in Romanian legislation • National strategies – Siret River Basin Management plans, Siret River Basin Planning (quantities) , Strategy for flooding and drought
Institutional framework • Institutional organization of the national level (competent authorities – Ministry of Environment and National Administration “Romanian Waters”) and river basin level (Siret River Basin administration units, 11 counties Water Management Systems). • Implemented measures : Working Groups at the level of river basin - Experts Groups Starting the harmonisation process through elaboration of the Danube River Basin Management Plan 5. Implemented and planned response measures and gaps (2)
Non structural management instruments • Establishment of protection zones for drinking water supply
Structural/ technological measures • Constructions / modernization of waste water treatment plants
Monitoring of transboundary waters : exchange data: mainly hidrological and meteorological data
Involvement of stakeholders: • River Basin Committee – parliament of water with main “actors” in the water management field • Awareness-raising and education - population is awareness in case of flooding • Public participation and private sector involvement during 2008-2009 concening the River Basin management Plan 6. Expected future trends
Following the implementation of measures there will be: an increasing of the water demand for all users till 2020 a decreasing pollution level for almost all pollutants till 2015, except for nitrogen compounds, copper and zinc, obviously in the lower part of the rivers Despite the improvement of water quality in the last decade, mostly due to decreasing industrial production , significant water-quality problems remain, improvement expected till 2021 Thank you for kind attention!
National Administration "Apele Române" 6, Edgar Quinet Street, District 1, code 0100180, Bucharest, Romania http://www.rowater.ro