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Intelligent Transportation Systems in Europe and Japan INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY SCANNING PROGRAM SAFETY APPLICATIONS OF Intelligent Transportation Systems in Europe and Japan SPONSORED BY: U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration IN COOPERATION WITH: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials National Cooperative Highway Research Program JANUARY 2006 NOTICE The Federal Highway Administration provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that pro- motes public understanding. Standards and poli- cies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA-PL-06-001 4. Title and Subtitle Safety Applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems 5. Report Date in Europe and Japan January 2006 7. Author(s) 6. Performing Organization Code John Njord, Dr. Joseph Peters, Michael Freitas, Bruce Warner, 8. Performing Organization Report No. K. Craig Allred, Dr. Robert Bertini, Robert Bryant, Robert Callan, Martin Knopp, Lyle Knowlton, Carlos Lopez, Tom Warne 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) American Trade Initiatives P.O. Box 8228 Alexandria, VA 22306-8228 11. Contract or Grant No. DTFH61-99-C-005 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Office of International Programs Office of Policy Federal Highway Administration U.S. Department of Transportation American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 14. Sponsoring Agency Code National Cooperative Highway Research Program 15. Supplementary Notes FHWA COTR: Hana Maier, Office of International Programs 16. Abstract With nearly 43,0000 deaths a year on U.S. roads, a need exists for countermeasures to reduce the number and severity of crashes. The Federal Highway Administration, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, and National Cooperative Highway Research Program sponsored a scanning study of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications deployed in France, Germany, and Japan to mitigate traffic safety problems. Among the safety applications of ITS technologies the scan team observed were changeable message signs to manage traffic flow, automated speed management and control efforts to reduce crashes, video incident detection and an eCall system to improve emergency personnel response times, and driver assistance initiatives such as adaptive cruise control, lane keeping, and assisted braking. The team’s recommendations for U.S. implementation include projects to increase support for and docu- ment benefits of automated enforcement systems, evaluate advanced video detection and incident analysis technology, deploy dynamic sign technologies, and conduct variable speed limit pilots. The team also recommends an initiative to encourage top-down leadership commitment to fatality reduction throughout the country. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement automated enforcement, collision warning, driver No restrictions. This document is available to the assistance, human factors, intelligent transportation public from the: Office of International Programs, system, safety, speed management, variable FHWA-HPIP, Room 3325, U.S. Department of message sign Transportation, Washington, DC 20590 [email protected] www.international.fhwa.dot.gov 19. Security Classify. (of this report) 20. Security Classify. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 52 Free Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized SAFETY APPLICATIONS OF Prepared by the International Scanning Study Team: JOHN R. NJORD Intelligent Transportation Utah DOT Co-Chair, Europe DR. JOSEPH I. PETERS Systems in Europe FHWA Co-Chair, Europe MICHAEL FREITAS and Japan FHWA Co-Chair, Japan BRUCE WARNER Oregon DOT Co-Chair, Japan K. CRAIG ALLRED FHWA DR. ROBERT L. BERTINI Portland State University ROBERT W. BRYANT Oregon DOT ROBERT M. CALLAN FHWA MARTIN KNOPP FHWA LYLE KNOWLTON New Hampshire DOT CARLOS A. LOPEZ Texas DOT TOM WARNE Tom Warne and Associates and AMERICAN TRADE INITIATIVES, INC. for the FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH JANUARY 2006 PROGRAM International Technology SCANNING PROGRAM he International Technology Scanning Program, adapting innovations for U.S. use. Scan reports, as well as the sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration results of pilot programs and research, are circulated throughout (FHWA), the American Association of State Highway the country to State and local transportation officials and the and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and the private sector. Since 1990, approximately 70 international scans National Cooperative Highway Research Program have been organized on topics such as pavements, bridge T(NCHRP), accesses and evaluates innovative foreign technologies construction and maintenance, contracting, intermodal transport, and practices that could significantly benefit U.S. highway organizational management, winter road maintenance, safety, transportation systems. This approach allows for advanced intelligent transportation systems, planning, and policy. technology to be adapted and put into practice much more The International Technology Scanning Program has resulted efficiently without spending scarce research funds to in significant improvements and savings in road program tech- recreate advances already developed by other countries. nologies and practices throughout the United States. In some FHWA and AASHTO, with recommendations from NCHRP, cases, scan studies have facilitated joint research and technology- jointly determine priority topics for teams of U.S. experts to sharing projects with international counterparts, further conserv- study. Teams in the specific areas being investigated are formed ing resources and advancing the state of the art. Scan studies have and sent to countries where significant advances and innovations also exposed transportation professionals to remarkable advance- have been made in technology, management practices, ments and inspired implementation of hundreds of innovations. organizational structure, program delivery, and financing. Scan The result: large savings of research dollars and time, as well as teams usually include representatives from FHWA, State significant improvements in the Nation’s transportation system. departments of transportation, local governments, transportation Scan reports can be obtained through FHWA free of charge trade and research groups, the private sector, and academia. by e-mailing [email protected]. Scan reports are After a scan is completed, team members evaluate findings also available electronically and can be accessed on the and develop comprehensive reports, including recommendations FHWA’s Office of International Programs Web Site for further research and pilot projects to verify the value of at www.international.fhwa.dot.gov. iv | International Technology Scanning Program: BRINGING GLOBAL INNOVATIONS TO U.S. HIGHWAYS International Technology SCAN REPORTS SAFETY POLICY AND INFORMATION Safety Applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems in Europe European Practices in Transportation Workforce Development (2003) and Japan (2006) Intelligent Transportation Systems and Winter Operations in Roadway Human Factors and Behavioral Safety in Europe (2005) Japan (2003) Traffic Safety Information Systems in Europe and Australia (2004) Emerging Models for Delivering Transportation Programs and Signalized Intersection Safety in Europe (2003) Services (1999) Managing and Organizing Comprehensive Highway Safety National Travel Surveys (1994) in Europe (2003) Acquiring Highway Transportation Information from Abroad (1994) European Road Lighting Technologies (2001) International Guide to Highway Transportation Information (1994) Commercial Vehicle Safety Technology and Practice in Europe (2000) International Contract Administration Techniques for Quality Methods and Procedures to Reduce Motorist Delays in European Enhancement (1994) Work Zones (2000) European Intermodal Programs: Planning, Policy, and Technology Innovative Traffic Control Technology and Practice in Europe (1999) (1994) Road Safety Audits—Final Report and Case Studies (1997) Speed Management and Enforcement Technology: Europe and OPERATIONS Australia (1996) Superior Materials, Advanced Test Methods, and Specifications in Safety Management Practices in Japan, Australia, and New Zealand Europe (2004) (1995) Freight Transportation: The Latin American Market (2003) Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety in England, Germany, and the Meeting 21st Century Challenges of System Performance Through Netherlands (1994) Better Operations (2003) Traveler Information Systems in Europe (2003) PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT Freight Transportation: The European Market (2002) Transportation Asset Management in Australia, Canada, England, European Road Lighting Technologies (2001) and New Zealand (2005) Methods and Procedures to Reduce Motorist Delays in European Transportation Performance Measures in Australia, Canada, Japan, Work Zones (2000) and New Zealand (2004) Innovative Traffic Control Technology and Practice in Europe (1999) European Right-of-Way and Utilities Best Practices
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