Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR SUNDERNAGAR PLANNING AREA IN ,

Prepared by: Town and Country Planning Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh

Mission: Shaping Future

Consultant: Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, Haryana

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION: SUNDERNAGAR PLANNING AREA ...... 1 1.1 Introduction ...... 1 1.2 Planning Area ...... 3 1.3 Administrative Set up ...... 3 1.4 Regional Linkages and Connectivity ...... 4 1.4.1 By Air ...... 5 1.4.2 By Rail ...... 5 1.4.3 By Road ...... 5 1.5 Historical Evolution – Mandi district ...... 6 1.6 Geographical Setting ...... 6 1.6.1 Geology ...... 6 1.6.2 Physiography ...... 7 1.6.3 Elevation...... 7 1.6.4 Slope ...... 7 1.6.5 Soil Character ...... 11 1.6.6 Climate ...... 11 1.6.7 Rainfall ...... 11 1.7 Resources ...... 11 1.7.1 Mineral Resources ...... 12 1.7.2 Forest Resources ...... 12 1.7.3 Water resources ...... 12

2. DEMOGRAPHY AND URBANIZATION ...... 14 2.1 Sundernagar Town: Growth Trend ...... 14 2.2 Population Distribution ...... 16 2.2.1 Population Density ...... 16 2.2.2 Growth Rate ...... 16 2.2.3 Sex Ratio ...... 17 2.2.4 Literacy Rate...... 17 2.2.5 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Composition ...... 17 2.3 Population Projection ...... 18 2.3.1 Rural Urban Composition ...... 19 2.4 Settlement Pattern ...... 19 2.4.1 Urban Settlement ...... 19 2.4.2 Rural Settlements ...... 19

3. ECONOMIC BASE AND EMPLOYMENT ...... 21 3.1 Economic Base ...... 21 3.1.1 Work-force Participation Rate (WPR) ...... 21 3.1.2 Main and Marginal Workers ...... 21 3.1.3 Sector wise Workers Distribution ...... 22 3.2 Sector wise analysis ...... 22 3.2.1 Primary Sector ...... 22 3.2.2 Secondary Sector ...... 25 3.2.3 Tertiary Sector ...... 26 3.3 Employment Generation ...... 26 3.4 Proposed Work Areas ...... 27 3.4.1 Education Hub/ Knowledge Park ...... 27

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | i

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

3.4.2 Cement Industry...... 27 3.4.3 Light and Service Industries ...... 27 3.4.4 Tourism Node ...... 28 3.4.5 Hospitality Zone ...... 28 3.4.6 Retail ...... 28

4. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ...... 29 4.1 Road Network ...... 29 4.1.1 Primary Road Network ...... 29 4.1.2 Secondary Road Network...... 29 4.1.3 Tertiary Road Network ...... 29 4.2 Road Inventory ...... 30 4.2.1 PWD Roads ...... 31 4.3 Vehicular Growth ...... 31 4.4 Public Transport and Routes ...... 32 4.4.1 Roadways ...... 32 4.4.2 Railways ...... 32 4.4.3 Airways ...... 32 4.5 Traffic Studies ...... 32 4.5.1 Directional Distribution ...... 33 4.6 Proposals and Recommendations...... 33

5. HOUSING ...... 36 5.1 Introduction ...... 36 5.2 Existing Housing Status ...... 36 5.3 Housing Status ...... 37 5.3.1 Housing Stock and Shortage ...... 37 5.3.2 Condition of Houses ...... 37 5.3.3 Ownership Status ...... 38 5.3.4 Structure Characteristics ...... 38 5.3.5 Type of Structure ...... 38 5.3.6 Use of Structure ...... 39 5.3.7 Household Size and Dwelling Rooms ...... 40 5.4 Housing Scenario: Regional Perspective in Himachal Pradesh ...... 40 5.5 Housing Shortage and Housing Need ...... 41 5.6 Informal Settlements and Urban Poor ...... 42

6. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 43 6.1 Introduction ...... 43 6.2 Water Supply ...... 43 6.2.1 General ...... 43 6.2.2 Project Users ...... 43 6.2.3 Existing Scenario ...... 44 6.2.4 Demand and Gap Estimation ...... 45 6.2.5 Water Sources and Treatment ...... 46 6.2.6 Water Storage and Distribution ...... 46 6.2.7 Water Connections and Tariff ...... 46 6.2.8 Service Level Benchmarking ...... 47 6.2.9 Development Strategies and Recommendation ...... 47 6.3 Storm Water Drainage Network ...... 48

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | ii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.3.1 Existing Storm Water Drainage System ...... 48 6.3.2 Storm Water Drainage Proposal ...... 49 6.3.3 Flood Management ...... 50 6.3.4 Rain Water Harvesting ...... 50 6.3.5 Service Level Benchmarking ...... 50 6.3.6 Development Strategies and Recommendation ...... 51 6.4 Sewerage System ...... 52 6.4.1 Existing Sewerage System ...... 52 6.4.2 Proposal for Development ...... 52 6.4.3 Sewerage Demand and Gap Estimation ...... 53 6.4.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal ...... 53 6.4.5 On-site Sewage and Treatment System ...... 53 6.4.6 Service Level Benchmarking ...... 54 6.4.7 Development Strategies and Recommendation ...... 54 6.5 Solid Waste Management ...... 55 6.5.1 Existing Waste Management in Sundernagar Municipal Council Area ...... 55 6.5.2 Existing Waste Management in Rural Areas ...... 55 6.5.3 Bio Medical Waste Management ...... 56 6.5.4 Projected SWM Generation and Gap Assessment ...... 56 6.5.5 Framework for Solid Waste Disposal and Treatment ...... 57 6.5.6 Service Level Benchmarking ...... 58 6.5.7 Way forward for Solid Waste Management (2016 - 2035) ...... 59 6.6 Power ...... 59 6.6.1 Existing Situation ...... 59 6.6.2 Details of Existing Distribution Transformers (Feeder Wise) ...... 60 6.6.3 Electricity Demand Forecasting ...... 63 6.6.4 Electricity Demand Forecasting Objective ...... 63 6.6.5 General Approach and Methodology for Load Forecasting ...... 63 6.6.6 Future Load Growth with Selected Approach...... 63 6.6.7 Expansion Proposal ...... 64 6.6.8 Planning Criteria ...... 64 6.6.9 Design Assumption ...... 64 6.6.10 External Illumination System ...... 65 6.7 Telecommunication System ...... 66 6.8 Block Cost ...... 66

7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 69 7.1 Educational Facilities ...... 69 7.2 Healthcare Facilities ...... 70 7.3 Public Facilities ...... 71 7.3.1 Postal Services ...... 71 7.3.2 Telecommunication Services ...... 71 7.3.3 Police Services ...... 71 7.4 Safety ...... 72 7.4.1 Fire Services ...... 72 7.4.2 Disaster Management Center ...... 73 7.5 Socio-Culture Facilities ...... 73 7.6 Distributive Facilities ...... 73 7.7 Other Facilities ...... 73 7.7.1 Institutional and Religious facilities ...... 73

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | iii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

7.7.2 Cremation/ Burial Ground and Cemetery ...... 73 7.8 Sports and Recreation ...... 74 7.8.1 Housing area Level Recreational Spaces ...... 74 7.8.2 Neighbourhood Level Recreational Spaces ...... 74 7.8.3 City Level Recreational Spaces ...... 74 7.8.4 Sports Facilities ...... 74 7.9 Green Belt ...... 75 7.10 Commercial Facility ...... 75

8. ENVIRONMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT ...... 77 8.1 Introduction ...... 77 8.2 Forest Cover ...... 77 8.3 Conservation of Forest Cover ...... 79 8.4 Air Quality ...... 79 8.4.1 Air Pollution Control Measures ...... 79 8.5 Water Quality ...... 80 8.6 Conservation of Water-bodies ...... 81 8.7 Rain Water Harvesting ...... 81 8.8 Natural Hazards and Disasters ...... 81 8.8.1 Hazard Profile of Mandi ...... 82 8.8.2 Vulnerability Profile of Mandi ...... 82 8.8.3 Measures for Disaster Management ...... 83 8.9 Disaster Management Strategy ...... 83

9. TOURISM ...... 84 9.1 Introduction ...... 84 9.2 Tourism ...... 84 9.3 Tourism Infrastructure ...... 84 9.4 Tourist Forecast ...... 85 9.4.1 Tourist Accommodation Forecast ...... 86 9.5 Tourism Strategies ...... 87 9.5.1 Categories of Tourism in the Region ...... 88 9.5.2 Tourism Circuit ...... 90 9.5.3 Places of Interest in Regional District Level – Proposed Intra Town Circuit ...... 91 9.5.4 Places of Interest in Sundernagar Planning Area – Proposed Inter Town Circuit ...... 95

10. SWOT ANALYSIS ...... 100

11. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS...... 106 11.1 Planning Perspective, Projections and Possibilities ...... 106 11.2 Development Limitations ...... 108 11.3 Development Proposals ...... 108

12. LANDUSE PLAN ...... 122 12.1 Land Use Classification ...... 122 12.2 Existing Land Use Plan ...... 123 12.2.1 Residential Use ...... 123 12.2.2 Commercial Use ...... 123 12.2.3 Public and Semi Public Use ...... 124 12.2.4 Traffic and Transportation Use ...... 124

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | iv

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

12.2.5 Recreational Use ...... 124 12.2.6 Industrial Use ...... 124 12.2.7 Primary Activity ...... 124 12.2.8 Water Bodies Use ...... 124 12.3 Land Allocation Mechanism ...... 125 12.4 Proposed Land Use Plan...... 125 12.4.1 Residential Use ...... 125 12.4.2 Commercial Use ...... 126 12.4.3 Mixed Use ...... 126 12.4.4 Industry Use ...... 126 12.4.5 Public and Semi Public Use ...... 126 12.4.6 Recreational Use ...... 126 12.4.7 Traffic and Transportation Use ...... 126

13. GENERAL DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS, BUILDING BY-LAWS AND PROCEDURE OF PLAN SANCTION ...... 128 13.1 Objective of the Regulation ...... 128 13.2 Jurisdiction of Regulations ...... 128 13.3 Applicability of Regulations...... 129 13.3.1 New Development and Re-development ...... 129 13.3.2 Part Construction ...... 129 13.3.3 Re-construction ...... 129 13.3.4 Existing approved building ...... 129 13.4 Development Permission ...... 129 13.5 Building Permission ...... 130 13.5.1 Building Permission ...... 130 13.5.2 Grant, Refusal and Deemed to be Sanctioned ...... 130 13.6 Already permitted buildings ...... 131 13.7 Procedure for obtaining Permission ...... 131 13.7.1 Application ...... 131 13.7.2 Documents Required ...... 131 13.8 General Regulations ...... 133 13.8.1 Setbacks ...... 136 13.8.2 Building Height ...... 136 13.8.3 Ground Coverage and Floor Area Ratio ...... 137 13.8.4 Cellar ...... 138 13.8.5 Regulations for Services ...... 139 13.9 Development Control Regulations ...... 140 13.9.1 Residential Buildings ...... 140 13.9.2 Commercial Buildings ...... 140 13.9.3 Public-Semi Public Buildings (PSP) ...... 142 13.9.4 Industrial Buildings ...... 142 13.9.5 Other Regulations ...... 143 13.10 Special Area Regulations ...... 144 13.10.1 Mixed Land Use ...... 144 13.11 Risk Based Classification of Buildings ...... 144 13.12 Monitoring of Construction ...... 145 13.13 Change of Land Use...... 146 13.14 Regulations for Land Pooling and Re-constitution of Plots ...... 146 13.15 Sub-Division of Land Regulations ...... 146

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | v

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13.16 Regulations of prescribed limits for development activities exempted under Section 30-A of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No. 12 of 1977) ...... 148 13.17 Zoning Regulations ...... 150 13.17.1 Residential (R) ...... 150 13.17.2 Commercial Use (C) ...... 151 13.17.3 Mixed Use (M) ...... 152 13.17.4 Industrial Use (I) ...... 152 13.17.5 Public And Semi-Public Use Zone (PS) ...... 153 13.17.6 Recreational Use Zone (R) ...... 154 13.17.7 Transport Use Zone (T) ...... 154 13.17.8 Primary Activity/Agriculture Use (PA) ...... 155 13.17.9 Protected And Undevelopable Use Zone (E)...... 155 13.17.10 Abadi Deh ...... 157

14. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION...... 158 14.1 Planning Perspective ...... 158 14.2 Phasing ...... 158 14.3 Costing ...... 160 14.4 Financing ...... 164 14.5 Implementation ...... 164

15. BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 166

16. ANNEXURES...... 168 Household Survey Format ...... 168 Traffic Volume Count Survey Format ...... 175 Origin Destination Survey Format ...... 176 Origin Destination Survey Master Sheet...... 177 Details of Village wise Government Land ...... 192

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | vi

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Location of Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 2 Figure 1-2: Administrative Set Up in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 4 Figure 1-3: Regional Linkage – Aerial distance/ Road distance ...... 5 Figure 1-4: Elevation – Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 9 Figure 1-5: Slope – Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 10 Figure 1-6: Climate – Mandi District ...... 11 Figure 1-7: Annual Rainfall – Mandi District ...... 11 Figure 1-8: Hydrogeology and Ground Water Condition - Mandi District ...... 13 Figure 2-1: Population Increase of Sundernagar Town (1921-2011) ...... 14 Figure 2-2 Evolution of Sundernagar Town from 1950s to 2017 ...... 15 Figure 2-3: Projected Population of Sundernagar Urban Area ...... 18 Figure 3-1: Percentage of Worker Distribution ...... 21 Figure 3-2: Area under Cultivation ...... 23 Figure 3-3: Horticultural Proposal in the Planning Area ...... 25 Figure 4-1: Road Network Map – Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 30 Figure 4-2: Bus route coverage - District wise ...... 32 Figure 5-1: Ownership Status of Houses ...... 38 Figure 5-2: Percentage distribution of Kutcha and Pucca Structures ...... 39 Figure 5-3 Typical Kath-khuni Corner Junction in a house ...... 41 Figure 5-4 Typical Details of a Kath-Khuni House in Himachal Pradesh ...... 41 Figure 6-1: Overhead Storage Tanks ...... 46 Figure 6-2: Suketi Khad ...... 48 Figure 6-3: Drainage Status in Planning Area ...... 49 Figure 6-4: Intensity-Duration Curve for Once in 5 years Storm Frequency ...... 49 Figure 6-5: Waste Dumping in the Municipal Area (Near BBMB Colony) ...... 56 Figure 6-6: Settlements in Sundernagar Cluster ...... 57 Figure 7-1: Fire Station at BBMB Colony, Sundernagar ...... 72 Figure 7-2: Maharaja Lakshman Sen Memorial College Playground, Sundernagar ...... 75 Figure 8-1 Forest Cover in SundernagarPlanning Area ...... 78 Figure 9-1 Projections for Domestic Tourist Traffic for Mandi District – 2016 to 2035 ...... 86 Figure 9-2 Projections for Foreign Tourist Traffic for Mandi District – 2016 to 2035 ...... 86 Figure 9-3 Mood Images for Himachal Haat ...... 89 Figure 9-4: Tourist Circuit – Himachal Pradesh ...... 91

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | vii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 9-5: ...... 92 Figure 9-6: ...... 92 Figure 9-7: Prashar Lake ...... 92 Figure 9-8: Barot valley ...... 93 Figure 9-9: Tattapani ...... 93 Figure 9-10: Kamru Nag Lake ...... 93 Figure 9-11: Bhima Kali Temple ...... 94 Figure 9-12: Location Map - Places of interest in Mandi District...... 95 Figure 9-13: Places of interest in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 96 Figure 9-14: Mahamaya Temple, Sundernagar ...... 97 Figure 9-15: Murari Devi Temple, Sundernagar ...... 97 Figure 9-16: Suraj Kund Temple, Sundernagar ...... 98 Figure 9-17: Mahadev Temple, Sundernagar ...... 98 Figure 9-18: Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Sundernagar ...... 98 Figure 9-19: Sheetla Mata Temple, Sundernagar ...... 99 Figure 9-20: Balancing Reservoir, Sundernagar ...... 99 Figure 11-1: The Existing Opportunity Areas in the Planning Area ...... 107 Figure 11-2 Proposed Day View of Hill Top Tourist Destination Site overlooking Sundernagar Lake 114

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | viii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Planning Area Profile...... 3 Table 1-2: Elevation variation in Planning Area ...... 7 Table 2-1: Population Distribution - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 16 Table 2-2: Population Density - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh ...... 16 Table 2-3: Decadal Growth Rate – Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh .. 16 Table 2-4: Sex Ratio - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh ...... 17 Table 2-5: Literacy Rate – Sundernagar Planning Area/Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh ...... 17 Table 2-6: Distribution of Scheduled caste and Scheduled Tribes - Sundernagar Planning Area / Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh ...... 18 Table 2-7: Projected Population for Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 18 Table 2-8: Urban Settlement Pattern in Mandi District ...... 19 Table 2-9: Distribution of Rural Settlements by Population Size, 2011 ...... 19 Table 3-1: Work force Participation Rate - Sundernagar Planning Area / Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh ...... 21 Table 3-2: Agriculture Land Use ...... 23 Table 3-3: Identified Villages for Horticulture Development ...... 24 Table 3-4: Industrial Scenario ...... 25 Table 3-5: Share of Tertiary Sector in GDDP, Mandi ...... 26 Table 3-6: Proposed Occupational Classification of Sundernagar ...... 26 Table 4-1: Road length – As per hierarchy ...... 29 Table 4-2: PWD Road Length ...... 31 Table 4-3: Annual Vehicular Growth in 5 years ...... 32 Table 5-1 Comparison of Census Houses with Population ...... 37 Table 5-2: Percentage Distribution of Housing Condition ...... 37 Table 5-3: Percentage Distribution of Types of Structures ...... 39 Table 5-4: Structure Use ...... 39 Table 5-5: Structure Use ...... 39 Table 5-6 Projected Population and Housing Need ...... 41 Table 5-7 Housing Need for Five Years ...... 41 Table 6-1: Total Water Demand and Gap for 2035 ...... 45 Table 6-2: Water Treatment plant – Capacity Augmentation ...... 46 Table 6-3: Service Level Benchmarking for Water Supply System (2016-2035) ...... 47 Table 6-4: Service Level Benchmarking for Storm Water Drainage System (2016-2035) ...... 51 Table 6-5: Sewerage Generation and Gap ...... 53

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | ix

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 6-6: Service Level Benchmarking for Sewerage and Sanitation (2016-2035) ...... 54 Table 6-7: Existing Waste Generation in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 56 Table 6-8: Solid Waste Generation and Treatment Gap ...... 56 Table 6-9 Waste Generation in Sundernagar Cluster ...... 58 Table 6-10: Service Level Benchmarking for Solid Waste Management (2016-2035)...... 58 Table 6-11 Existing Power Distribution in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 59 Table 6-12 Details of Existing Distribution Transformers (Feeder Wise) in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 60 Table 6-13 Projected Load Forecasting of Sundernagar Town over the next 20 years ...... 64 Table 6-14 Status of Existing Road Lightings...... 65 Table 6-15 Technical Details of Road Lighting System ...... 66 Table 6-16 Block Cost of the Power Infrastructure Development in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 66 Table 6-17 Phase Wise Block Cost of the Power Infrastructure Development in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 68 Table 7-1: Future Demand for Educational Institutes ...... 70 Table 7-2: Future Demand for Healthcare Facilities ...... 70 Table 7-3: Future Demand for Postal Services ...... 71 Table 7-4: Future Demand for Security Facilities ...... 72 Table 7-5 Future demand for fire stations ...... 72 Table 7-6: Future Demand for Community Facilities ...... 73 Table 7-7: Future Demand for Community Facilities ...... 74 Table 7-8: Future Demand for Community Facilities ...... 75

Table 8-1 Comparison of SO2, NO2 and RSM concentration in Sundernagar Planning Area with CPCB Ambient Air Quality Standards ...... 79 Table 8-2 Mean and Standard Deviation for Water Quality Assessment of Suketi khad during April, 2013- March, 2015 ...... 80 Table 8-3 Water Quality Standards ...... 80 Table 8-4 Hazards in Mandi District ...... 82 Table 8-5 District Wise Vulnerability Matrix ...... 82 Table 9-1 Tourist Inflow in Mandi District from 2008 - 2016...... 85 Table 9-2 Tourist Projections for Mandi District for 2035 ...... 85 Table 9-3 Tourism Profile of Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 86 Table 9-4 Tourist Footfall and Gap Analysis for Tourism in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 87 Table 9-5 Projections for Number of Hotel Rooms in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 87 Table 9-6 Projections for Type of Hotel requirement in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 87 Table 11-1: Limitations for the Development ...... 108

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | x

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 11-2: Strategies for Curbing Ribbon Development ...... 117 Table 12-1: Land Utilization and Classification ...... 122 Table 12.2: Land Use Distribution, 2016 ...... 124 Table 12.3: Land Use Distribution, 2035 ...... 127 Table 13-1: Components of Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 128 Table 13-2: Colouring of Plans ...... 132 Table 13-3: Clearances from Electric Supply Lines ...... 139 Table 13-4: Residential Building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 140 Table 13-5: Commercial building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area ..... 140 Table 13-6: PSP Building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 142 Table 16-7: Industrial Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 143 Table 13-8: Risk Based Classification of Buildings for Sundernagar Planning Area ...... 144 Table 14-1 Phasing of Planning Proposals ...... 159 Table 14-2: Summary of Infrastructure Cost ...... 160 Table 14-3: Phase-wise Costing of Development ...... 162

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xi

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS % percent ASI Archaeological Survey of AGiSAC Aryabhatta Geo Informatics Space Application Center BBMB Bhakra Beas Management Board BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BMO Block Medical Office BIS Bureau of Indian Standard CBSE Central Board of Secondary Education CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CBWTFs Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities CD Block Community Development Block CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp DPF Demarcated Protected Forest DHE Department of Higher Education DTCA Department of Tourism and Civil Aviation DSP Deputy Superintend of Police DO Dissolved Oxygen uk feet GIS Geographic Information System GoHP Government of Himachal Pradesh GP Gram Panchayat GDDP Gross District Domestic Product GDP Gross Domestic Product GSDP Gross State Domestic Product GEC-97 Groundwater Resource Estimation Committee - 1997 HFW Health and Family Welfare Department HGV Heavy Goods Vehicles Ha Hectare HFL High Flood Level HPIPH Himachal Pradesh Irrigation and Public Health Department HPSEB Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board HPSPCB Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board HPTCP Act Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act HRTC Himachal Road Transport Corporation HH Household I.C.A. R Indian Council of Agricultural Research IHSDP Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme IRC Indian Road Congress ITI Industrial Training Institute INR International Normalised Ratio IPH Dept. Irrigation and Public Health Department

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

km kilometer KVA Kilovolt-ampere KWh kilowatt-hour L.U.P. Land Use Planning LOS Level of Service LWSS Lift Water Supply Scheme LED Light Emitting Diode LMV Light Motor Vehicle lpcd litres per capita per day MDR Major District Road msl mean sea level MW Mega Watt m meters MT Metric Tonne MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprises MST Main Storage Tanks mg/l Milligram/litter mm millimeter MLD Million Litres per Day MoDWS Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation N.B.S.S. National Bureau of Soil Survey NH - 103 National Highway NH - 103AI National Highway Authority of India NIDM National Institute of Disaster Management NMSH National Mission on Sustainable Habitats NRSC National Remote Sensing Center NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme NDDP Net District Domestic Product NDP Net Domestic Product NSDP Net State Domestic Product

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide NAC Notified Area Council O-D Origin - Destination ODR Other District Road PRI Panchayati Raj Institution PM Particulate Matter ppm parts per million PCU Passenger Car Unit PCI Per Capita Income pph persons per hectare PWS Piped Water Scheme PCCs Pollution Control Committee PMGSY Prime Minister Gram Sarak Yojana PWD Public Works Department

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xiii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

RFP Request for Proposal RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter ROW Right of Way SC Scheduled Caste SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SST Sub Storage Tanks ST Scheduled Tribe sq.km. square kilometer SPCB State Pollution Control Board SHO Station House Officer SDM Sub-Divisional Magistrate

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide SPM Suspended Particulate Matters TCP Town and Country Planning TCPD Town and Country Planning Department TD Town Directory UT Union Territory UN United Nations UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UGC University Grant Commission Urban and Regional Development, Planning, Formulation and Implementation URDPFI Guidelines VD Village Directory V/C Volume/Capacity WSS Water Supply and Sanitation WPR Work Participation Rate WHO World Health Organisation

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xiv

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Planning Area Profile Sundernagar is a notified Planning area in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. It is situated on the south-western border of Mandi district which is bounded by Bilaspur district in the south-west, Hamirpur district in the north-west, Kangra district in the north, Kullu district in the east and Shimla district in the south. Sundernagar town is the Headquarter of Sundernagar Tehsil and is located 24 kms approximately from Mandi town, the headquarter of Mandi district and about 119 kms from the state capital, Shimla. Sundernagar Planning Area comes under the Sundernagar Tehsil of Sundernagar Block in Mandi District. Sundernagar Municipal Council constitutes of Bahot, Ropa, DPF Changar (B), DPF Changar (A), Sundernagar Colony, Purana Nagar, Bhojpur, Pungh, Sundernagar and Bari revenue villages. Sundernagar town was established as a Municipal Council (Nagar Parishad) in 1950 and it constitutes of 13 wards and covers an area of 1215.92 Ha. Sundernagar Planning Area covers a total area of 2557.43 Ha. As per Census of India - 2011, Sundernagar Planning Area has a population of 42,963. Sundernagar is one of the fifth largest town in the state. It acts as a transit town being situated in the heart of the state along the National Highway – 154 connecting with Manali. The town is also famous for the Beas – Satluj link Project Unit – I, a hydro –power project which is one of the biggest in Asia and is irrigating nearly one-fourth of the northern plains of India. The Planning Area comprised of 22 revenue villages or Hadbasts out of which 10 villages fall under the Municipal Council and 12 villages fall under 9 Gram Panchayat. Out of the total Planning area population of 42,963, 56.7 % i.e. 24,344 reside in urban areas while the remaining 43.4 % of the population i.e. 18,619 reside in rural areas. Mandi District have rock formations ranging from pre-Cambrian to Quaternary period. Hard formations, form hilly and mountainous terrain and mainly comprises of igneous and metamorphic rocks, belonging to the Jutogh, Shali/ Largi and Shimla group and occupy the major part of the area in the northern, central and eastern part. In the western and southern parts sediments comprising of sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate etc of Dharamshala/ Sabathu group and Shivalik group of tertiary age are observed. Alluvium, terrace deposits, fluvial deposits of Quaternary period occur in the intermontane valleys, viz., Balh valley, Sarkaghat valley etc., and constitute an important unit from ground water point of view. Sundernagar has high undulating topography under steep slopes especially in the southern side. The terrain slopes from the lowest elevation of 680m in the north to 1719 m in the south of the Planning Area. The slope in the Planning Area is characterized by the mountainous terrain at the south i.e. a sloping angle from south-western and south-northern. Most areas in the south such as southern part of Bari by slope angle of 30 % to more than 45 %. Other villages such as Pungh, Thala, Derdu, Dodhu, Ghangal, Sundernagar MC, Mahadev, Kalahod, Bharjwanoo, Chowk, Jugahan, Chhatar, Kanaid, and Bhaur, have mild slope angle ranging from less than 15 % to 30 %. Mandi District is rich with commercially exploitable minor minerals but there are no major mineral available. The district produces 1,41,2201 tonnes of minor mineral as per 2010 -11 record. Out of the

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xv

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

total minor mineral produce, clay contribute to the highest with 62.3 % i.e. 7,79,327 tonnes followed by stone aggregates with 17.2 % i.e. 2,42,37 tonnes, rough stones with 11.4 % i.e. 1,61,561 tonnes and the remaining 9.1 % include Bajri, Sand, building stone and slate. Himachal Pradesh is well endowed with the forest resources. Out of the total geographical area of the Mandi district i.e. 3,950 km, 47.1 % i.e. 1,860 km2 is under forest cover. The total forest cover of Mandi district occupies 5% of the entire forest cover of the state. One of the major water resource in the district is the ground water. It is developed on a moderate scale and is basically restricted on the north towards Balh Valley, Valley in the east and other small valleys along the major streams and rivers. These areas depend on tube wells and dug wells for all major irrigation and drinking water supplies in addition to water supply schemes based on rivers and natural nallas. 2. Demography and Urbanization As per Census 2011, 4 % of the total Urban population of Himachal Pradesh reside in Sudnernagar municipal council. The urban population of Sundernagar increased from 2554 in 1921 to 24344 in 2011. Sundernagar registered a very high growth rate of 268.45 % during 1961-71 and became second largest town of Himachal Pradesh. This excessive growth rate was due to migration of large population from outside because of construction of Beas-Satluj Link Project. Sundernagar maintained its position in 1981 census also. During 1991 census Mandi town reached in second position relegating Sundernagar to 5th position. As per Census of India - 2011, Mandi district have a population of 9,99,777 i.e. 14.6 % of the total state population and is ranked 2nd among the 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh. As per Census of India - 2011, the Planning area comprises of 4.30 % of the total population of Mandi district. There are 9,892 HH with average household size of 4.3 in the Planning area which is less than the district average of 5.5. The Planning Area has a population density of 17 persons per hectare (ppha) which is higher than the district i.e. 3 ppha. The decadal growth rate of Sundernagar Planning Area is 7.5 % which is lower than the district i.e. 10.9 %. Sundernagar Planning Area has a sex ratio of 973(females per 1000 male) in 2011 which is lower than the district i.e. 1007 (females per 1000 male). The literacy rate of Sundernagar Planning area is 87.9 % which is higher than that of the district i.e. 81.5% respectively. Sundernagar Planning Area has a WPR of 39% as per Census of India, 2011 which is less district rate of 57 %. As per the settlement pattern study considering the population size and functional hierarchy, it was inferred that Sundernagar Municipal Council is the highest order Settlement followed by Kanaid, Kalahod and Mahadev which are located along the NH 154. These settlements are considered as the future developable areas. Settlements with lower ranking are Kangar, Derdu and Patyora. These are the predominant rural areas in the Planning Area. The only growth centre in the Planning Area is Sundernagar Town, which is the only urban centre for the entire Planning Area and surrounding villages. With the growing population, Sundernagar town will maintain its rank of 1st order settlement in the Planning Area. With Sundernagar as the centre, Mahadev and Kalohad with projected population of 4570 and 2594 for 2035 respectively, will become a part of the urban extension as they are in the vicinity of Sundernagar Town. Village like Kanaid with projected population 4111 will also grow as the growth centre and merge with Bhaur as

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xvi

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

it has high infrastructural facilities, which will grow over the years. Rest of the villages will act as the basic villages that will be dependent on téh growth centres and the urban centre for availaing higher order facilities. 3. Economy Mandi district occupies the 4th position among the twelve districts in Himachal Pradesh in terms of Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) and Net District Domestic Product (NDDP) share from 1990- 00 to 2005-06 (at constant price 1990-00). Mandi district shares 11 % of the total GSDP of the state in 2005-06 which is stagnant since 1999-00. The PCI has increased over the years in Mandi district from 15805 rupees in 1999-00 to 20740 rupees in 2005-06 i.e. a 1.31 times increase in a span of seven which is more than the state average. Out of the total workers, 72 % are engaged in Tertiary sector, 25 % in Primary sector and rest 2 % are in Secondary Sector activities. The share of Primary, secondary and tertiary sectors in GDDP distribution are 22 %, 7% and 71 %. The most prioritised sectors in the Planning Area is the Service Sector and the Primary Sector. Considering that the Development Plan – 2035 will boost the economic activities within the Planning area and create more opportunities for work, the Planning area will have a substantially higher WPR i.e. 45 % till 2035. Thus the worker population in 2035 will be 32460. Out of the total workers, 15 % will be engaged in primary sector, 10 % in secondary sector and rest 75 % in tertiary sector. The major source of employment will be from Education/Knowledge hub, Retail, Industries, Light and Service Industries, Toruism and Hospitality Zones etc. 4. Traffic and Transportation Sundernagar town has developed in a disintegrated linear urban form spreading along major traffic corridors. Congestion on arterial roads is due to haphazard development, narrow streets, congested junction, unorganized parking etc which creates hindrance to the smooth flow of traffic. High travel time and congestions have created an adverse effect on the economic and environmental health of this town. The regional road linkages of Sundernagar are supplemented by an extensive network of navigation routes through the lagoon system, serving the movement of passengers and cargo. The traffic and transportation surveys are carried out to assess the traffic and socio-economic characteristics of the planning area and its hinterland. The traffic survey analysis identifies the constraints in the existing transport system and provides planners to find alternative solutions to solve the quick bottlenecks through Traffic Management Measures. The traffic survey, analysis has been done for the proposed Development Plan for Sundernagar planning area. As per traffic data analysis, the AADT (PCU) is ranging from at the 3 count stations on NH-154 and SH-13 are ADT (PCU) of 12 hours is 13428 at Dhanotu (on NH-154), 6587 at Pungh (on NH-154) and 1981 at Mahadev road (on SH-13). The classified directional traffic observed at each count location. Daily variation on project road is normal. The hourly figures show that the heavy traffic flow in evening time at NH and in morning time at internal road. Composition of cars and two wheelers is very high than any other mode of transport. OD analysis shows that the major trip generator areas are Sundernagar, Mandi, Kullu, Bilaspur, Chandigarh and Shimla/ Kinnaur OD analysis shows that the significant percentage of traffic is within Sundernagar city. The religious/ tours trips, social and work trips observed are maximum in planning area. In commodity segment cement, building material and timber/ wood products share predominantly transported products in the planning area.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xvii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

5. Housing and Urban Poor According to Census of India (2011) there are 9892 households in the Planning Area, out of which 5850 households (59.1 %) are within the Sundernagar Municipal Council i.e. the core urban centre and rest 4042 households (40.9 %) are in the rural areas. The average household size in the Planning Area is 4.3 persons. In Sundernagar Planning Area, 73.2 % houses are in good condition which is more than the district average of 71.2 %. Around 25 % houses are in liveable condition which is less than the district average of 27.2 % and rest 1.8 % are in dilapidated condition which is more than the district average of 1.6%. There are 276 Below Poverty Line (BPL) families and 762 Atal Awas Yojana (AAY) families including the Below Poverty Line (BPL) families have been identified by the ULB that comprise of 3180 persons. Out of the total urban poor, 75 % is of SC category, 26 % are in general category and rest 0.16 % are from ST category. Housing Need and Housing Shortage for the vision year 2035 has been worked out. Issues regarding housing have been highlighted in the housing development proposals. Study of existing Traditional Housing of Himachal Pradesh and Sundernagar has been incorporated. Housing Strategies combined with existing Housing Policies have been provided for mitigating housing demand in the planning area. Strategies for Informal Housing have also been provided. 6. Physical Infrastructure As per I & PH department, circle Sundernagar, 3.81 MLD of water is supplied to all rural and urban settlements in the Planning Area, which is not sufficient to serve the current demand i.e. 6.77 MLD. Water supply system need to be augmented to meet out water demand at different stages (2016- 6.77 MLD, 2025-8.31 MLD, 2035-10.24 MLD). The entire planning area should have 100 % water supply network. Storm water Drainage (SWD) system should designed as a separate system to carry storm water by gravity for the entire project area with a certain gradient, to create a self-cleansing velocity. All the primary storm water drains should be designed to have a capacity to carry the total discharge of all secondary and tertiary storm water drains. Regular and proper operation and maintenance of drainage facility is essential to function, so that storm water is efficiently conveyed up to disposal point. Detailed Master Plan for Stormwater Drainage system and Flood Management is required for further detailed assessment and solution of drainage proposal. Presently, only Sundernagar Municipal Council Area has centralised sewerage system in the entire Planning Area. Projected generation for 2035 will be 8.10 MLD and currently 3.50 MLD of sewage is being treated. There is a gap of 1.98 MLD and 5.00 MLD in treatment capacities of present and future year respectively. For proper faecal waste management, the entire planning area should have 100 % sewerage coverage with decentralized sewage treatment facility. Presently, there is no solid waste management system in the Planning Area except in the Sundernagar Municipal Council. The solid waste is burnt or dumped in the ground in a regular interval in the rural areas whereas in urban area, the solid waste is collected and disposed at the landfill site. The horizon period of 2035, the main goal for solid waste management is to 100% management of solid wastes with proper segregation and treatment along with transfer station(s). 7. Social Infrastructure Sundernagar is well established in terms of imparting the primary and higher education in the district. There is a requirement to increase the number of pre-primary in order to meet the requirements. The level of medical facilities are inadequate in the planning area. Also, there are requirement for more fire station and disaster management cells in the area. In terms of

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xviii

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

communication, the planning area is well connected with landline as well as mobile telephonic connection. The villages have internet access facilities though the network connectivity is poor. The villages are served by the general post office and there is a need for sub post offices in villages to meet the future demand. To cater to the future population police post and police station are required in the planning area. The commercial activities are located along the National Highway and the main commercial center is located at Sundernagar town. There are less recreational open/green spaces within the planning area, apart from playgrounds in different colleges and Jawahar Park. 8. Environment In Sundernagar Planning Area, almost 407.3 Ha i.e. 31.21 % land falls under forest cover. It is less than the district average of 47%.[1] Out of the total forest cover 38 % of the forest area is classified as Demarcated Protected Forest and remaining 62 % is under unprotected forest or open forest. The major species of tree found in the planning area are Deodhar, blue pine, silver fir, spruce, chir and various kinds of oak. The species of animals commonly found in the district are namely leopard, hare, wild boar, jackal, kakar, monkey and sambhar.

As per the HPSPCB data the annual average concentration of SO2 is under the permissible limit as per the ambient quality standards of CPCB. Whereas the levels of NO2 and RSPM are higher than the permissible limits especially near MC office. Traffic congestion and fossil fuel combustion processes are the major reasons for higher levels of NO2 and RSPM. The quality of water in Sundernagar Planning Area falls under Class A as per the CPCB standards. The overall vulnerability of Mandi is High and the vulnerability from earthquakes is very high as compared to any other disaster. In terms of Earthquake hazard risk profiling, almost entire Mandi district (97%) falls in Zone V which is a very high damage risk zone. The last earthquake hit the region in 2005, magnitude of which was 6.8 at Richter Scale. However, no loss of life and property was reported. 9. Tourism

Sundernagar Planning Area falls within the Beas Tourist Circuit. The circuit derives its name from the ancient river Beas. Sundernagar lies along one of the major transport corridor in the state in the Beas Circuit i.e. the NH-154 which connects Chandigarh in Punjab to Manali in Kullu District. Sundernagar, a place where many people moving towards Manali halts to look at the beautiful lake, is a great place to find religious and spiritual insight. There are many temples located in and around Sundernagar which can be identified for the promotion and development of tourism activities. Some of the places of interest in Sundernagar which have the potential to be promoted as tourist destinations namely, Mahamaya Temple: Murari Devi Temple, Shukdev Vatika, Hateshwari Temple, Balancing Reservoir Lake and Suraj Kund Temple.

Proposals for conservation of heritage structures in the planning area have been proposed. Sundernagar town has limited number of hotels and lodges which offer general accommodation. Tourist projection for the vision year 2035 has been worked out. According to the projections

[1] Himachal Forest Statistics 2013

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xix

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

number of tourist accommodation needed in the planning area by year 2035 has been worked out. Tourism proposals have been given for development of an Inter Town and Intra Town Tourist Circuits, Hill top Promotion Cultural Center and Himachal Haat and Floriculture/Horticulture as part of the tourism development proposals.

10. SWOT Analysis As per the existing situation, a SWOT analysis has been prepared for the better understanding of the potential for development of the Planning Area. Each sector has been analysed further to identify the various gaps and issues under each aspect of development. 11. Development Proposals It is envisaged to develop Sundernagar Planning Area as an education-cum-trade hub focusing on the development of entrepreneurial activities for balanced economic growth. The main economic growth drivers of Sundernagar Planning Area are: (1) the strong presence of tertiary sector and Govt. Organizations, (2) The proposed Cement Factory in close proximity to the town, (3) Propsoed Four- Lane Expressway connecting Chandigarh and Manali. With the construction of 4-lane expressway the growth of the city will shift to the western edge of the planning instead of prevailing ribbon development along the NH. In order take maximum advantage of the 4-lane expressway and have a planned development, it is envisaged to develop the western edge as commercial-cum-institutional hub with MICE activities. In order to give a soothing view to the travellers on the 4-lane expressway, floriculture is proposed on the agricultural field adjacent to the Suketi Khad and the balancing reservoir. A tourist destination site is proposed on the hill-top near Bhojpur with facilities like adventure tourism, view points, hotels and conventions, etc. Floriculture as well as horticulture is proposed on the southern side of MC area along the Circular Road. New residential area has been proposed in Bhojpur. The existing institutional area will continue to function as a major growth driver of the city – knowledge hub. In order to curtail ribbon development and consequent problems on the NH and SH, 12m wide roads have been proposed on either side on the NH/SH with limited and restricted entry and exist points. Mahadev, Kaniad and Bhaur to function as growth nodes outside the urbanisable boundary. The peri-urban area is envisaged to be mostly agriculture with natural growth of the village settlements.

12. Landuse Zoning and Development Control Regulations Due to tourism, industrial, institutional and locational aspects, Sundernagar is projected to have a major inflow of varied mix of people and activities. The hilly town has immense possibility to utilize its potential for strengthening its social, cultural and economic aspects. The Bhakra Beas Management Board (B.B.M.B.) is the epicentre of this town with institutional structure as a major support for the town. The town also has a huge reservoir lake but it still lacks in quality recreational, social and cultural spaces. The proposed cultural and recreational complex at hill top at Bahot near Himachal Dental College will fulfil the city’s cultural needs. Also, lake front development with strategic activity nodes, restricted pedestrian and vehicular access will generate quality recreational and public infrastructure for citizens of all ages. Sundernagar is also very well connected to important tourism destinations like Shimla and Mandi and is going to be improved further by an upcoming 4 lane town by-pass surrounding the lake (reservoir). This also creates possibility for future expansion of town on the south western side surrounding the lake. This new town area will

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xx

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

tap the potential for large formal or informal gatherings to generate possibilities under hospitality sector. These social, cultural, recreational and economic interventions will reform the town structure and increase liveability.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | xxi

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1. INTRODUCTION: SUNDERNAGAR PLANNING AREA The chapter deals with the profile of Sundernagar Planning Area in terms of its Location, Administrative set up, Geographical Setting, Historical evolution of the central urban centre and surroundings, Regional Linkage and connectivity, existing resource base within and surrounding of the planning area. The chapter will help to understand the positive aspects Planning Area. 1.1 Introduction Sundernagar, located at 31.53320N and 76.89230E, is a notified Planning area in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. The district is bound by Bilaspur district in the south-west, Hamirpur district in the north-west, Kangra district in the north, Kullu district in the east and Shimla district in the south. Sundernagar town is the Headquarter of Sundernagar Tehsil and is located approximately 24 kms from Mandi town, the head-quarter of Mandi district and about 119 kms from the state capital, Shimla. Under sub-section-(1) of Section- 13 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No.12 of 1977), “Sundernagar Planning Area” was notified on 4th March, 2014. The Planning Area comprised of 35 revenue mohals out of which 10 are under the Sundernagar Municipal Council and the rest are under the administration of the Gram Panchayat. Further, the revenue mohals in the Planning Area was reduced to 22, under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section – 13 of the Act by the Governor of Himachal Pradesh i.e. by excluding 17 mohals vide Notification No. TCP-F(5) – 3/201 dated 22nd August 2016. As per Census of India - 2011, Sundernagar Planning Area has a population of 42,963 and covers an area of 2557.43 Ha. Sundernagar is the 5th largest town1 in the state. It acts as excellent transit town as it is situated in the heart of the state along the National Highway – NH 154 connecting Chandigarh in Punjab to Manali in Himachal Pradesh. The town is also famous for the Beas – Satluj hydro –power project, also known as Beas Project (Unit - I), which is one of the biggest in Asia and is irrigating nearly one-fourth of the northern plains of India.

1 Source: Municipal Council – Sundernagar, Official Website, http://www.mcsundernagar.com/?page_id=81

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 1

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 1-1: Location of Sundernagar Planning Area Source: TCP Department based on Census 2011

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 2

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1.2 Planning Area The Planning Area comprised of 22 revenue mohals out of which 10 are under the Municipal Council and 12 are under the Gram Panchayat administration. Table 1-1 shows the detailed list of all notified revenue mohals (including Municipal Council) in the Planning Area.

Table 1-1: Planning Area Profile2 Population Sl. No. Name of Revenue Villages Area Included Hadbast No. Area (In Ha.) (2011 Census) 1 Bhaur Completely 4 188.43 2950 2 Kanaid Completely 6 167.92 2800 3 Chowk Completely 7 162.92 1398 4 Jugahan Completely 8 76.94 599 5 Bharjwanoo Completely 9 158.03 1761 6 Mahadev Completely 10 162.59 3062 7 Ghangal Completely 14 102.32 1432 8 Kalohad Partly 27 31.99 1738 9 Dodhu Partly 30 53.70 956 10 Derdu Partly 34 6.60 302 11 Thala Partly 35 27.82 754 12 Chamukha Completely 41 202.74 867 13 Bahot Completely 25 69.41 14 Ropa Completely 26/1 76.39 15 DPF Changar (B) Completely 26/2 1.52 16 DPF Changar (A) Completely 26/3 9.95 17 Sundernagar Colony Completely 26/4 118.74 24344 18 Purana Nagar Completely 26/5 45.63 19 Bhojpur Completely 26/6 98.49 20 Pungh Completely 26/7 120.59 21 Sundernagar Completely 26/8 376.05 22 Bari Completely 26/9 299.16 Total - - 2557.43 42,963 Source: Census of India, 2011 and Town and Country Planning Department 1.3 Administrative Set up Sundernagar Planning Area comes under the Sundernagar Tehsil and Sundernagar Community Development (C.D.) Block in Mandi District. The Planning Area constitutes of 22 revenue mohals in which following 10 are under the Sundernagar Municipal Council - Bahot, Ropa, DPF Changar (B), DPF Changar (A), Sundernagar Colony, Purana Nagar, Bhojpur, Pungh, Sundernagar and Bari (Refer Figure 1-2).

2 Source: Town and Country Planning Department, Shimla

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 3

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Himachal Pradesh Mandi District

Sundernagar C.D. Block Sundernagar Tehsil

Revenue Mohals Under Under Sundernagar MC Gram Panchayat

 Bahot  Bhaur  Kanaid  Ropa  Chowk Sundernagar  DPF Changar (A)  Jugahan Planning Area  DPF Changar (B)  Bharjwanoo  Sundernagar colony  Mahadev

 Purana Nagar  Ghangal  Kalahod  Bhojpur  Dodhu  Pungh  Derdu  Sundernagar  Thala  Bari  Chamukha

Figure 1-2: Administrative Set Up in Sundernagar Planning Area Sundernagar town was established as a Municipal Council (Nagar Parishad) in 1950 and it comprises of 13 wards within 10 Revenue mohals. It covers an area of 1215.93Ha and serves a population of 24,344 as per Census of India, 2011. The remaining 12 revenue mohals come under 9 Gram Panchayats3. Out of the total Planning area population of 42,963, 56.7% i.e. 24,344 are in urban areas while the remaining 43.4% of the population i.e. 18,619 are in rural areas. 1.4 Regional Linkages and Connectivity Sundernagar Planning Area is well connected by roadways with all the state level and national level major towns and cities. The district Head quarter Mandi is located at a distance of 24 Km from the Sundernagar town and Shimla is situated at a distance of 135 km. Other major towns such as Chandigarh is situated at a distance of 179 km whereas Delhi is 406 km away from the Planning Area4 (Refer Figure 1-3).

3 Source – Mandi District – Official Website, http://himachal.gov.in/showfile.php?lang=1anddpt_id=199andlevel=1andlid=10608andsublinkid=10321

4 Note: Shortest route/distance has been considered.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 4

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1.4.1 By Air The nearest domestic airport to the Planning Area is the Bhuntar airport in Kullu district, situated at a distance of 83 km followed by Shimla airport located at a distance of 119 km and Dharamshala airport in Kangra district, located at a distance of 156 km. The Chandigarh Airport is the nearest international airport, which is 179 km away from the Planning Area. 1.4.2 By Rail There is no railway connectivity in the Planning Area. The nearest narrow – gauge railway station is at which is located within Mandi District, at a distance of 78km from Sundernagar. The next broad gauge connectivity is at Kiratpur Sahib in Punjab which is located at a distance of 103 km along the Nangal – Una – Talwara broad – gauge railway line track. 1.4.3 By Road The Planning area is well connected with all the important towns and cities of the state as well as country via the NH - 154 and SH -13. The NH – 154 connects Sundernagar with Mandi, Kullu and Manali in the north and Bilaspur, Ropar and Chandigarh in the south while SH – 13 connects Sundernagar with Mandi in the north and Shimla via Tattapani in the south. Bus service are available to the nearby towns in the district, state and country.

PATHANKOT MANALI DHARMASHALA

PALAMPUR KANGRA MANIKARAN RAMPUR

JOGINDERNAGAR BHUNTAR

MANDI SUNDERNAGAR PLANNING AREA

HOSHIARPUR UNA ROAD DISTANCE CITY/ TOWN (IN KM) Bhuntar 83 JALANDHAR Chandigarh 179 Dharamshala 150 KIRATPUR SAHIB Jalandhar 236 Kangra 147 SHIMLA 100 KM Kiratpur Sahib 103 Ludhiana 208 Mandi 24 LUDHIANA LEGEND Manali 131 Manikaran 117 Pathankot 225 150 KM CHANDIGARH Palampur 116 Shimla 119 0 25 KM 50 KM Una 130 Figure 1-3: Regional Linkage – Aerial distance/ Road distance Source: Prepared based on Google Maps

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 5

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1.5 Historical Evolution – Mandi district5 Himachal Pradesh came into being as a part ‘C’ State of the Indian Union on 15th April, 1948 as result of merger of Punjab and Shimla Hill State in the Indian Union. At that time, the state had 4 districts viz. Chamba, Mahasu, Mandi, Sirmaur in which Mandi district was formed under the merger of two princely state, Mandi and Suket, founded by Bir Sen, an ancestor of the Sena Dynasty of Bengal. Since then, the jurisdiction of the district has not changed its form. Suket was founded by Bir Sen in 765 A.D. Mandi town was founded by Raja Ajbar Sen in 1527 A.D. Suket state is also a part of modern Mandi district. The old name of Suket was Purana Nagar. Sundernagar was earlier known as Baned founded by Garur Sen and it became a capital of state during the reign of Bikram Sen (1791 A.D. – 1838 A.D). Bhim Sen, who reigned the state from 1908 – 1919 A.D and built motorable road from Suket to Mandi. The origin of the name ‘Suket’ is uncertain, but is may be a derivation of ‘Sukshetra', means ‘the good land', according to J. Hutchinson. Prior to its foundation, the whole region was under the title of 'Rana' or 'Thakur' and the vernacular history gives a graphic account of their subjection by the early Rajas. Sir A. Cunningham assigned the foundation of Suket to an early period (765 A.D). According to him, it is probable that, there was an early Sen dynasty in Bengal, whose ancestor named Vira Sena, reigned in the seventh century and from whom the later Sen dynasty was descended, Suket was founded by Vira or Bir Sen. The last ruler of Suket was Laxman Sen who reigned from 1919 A.D. to 1948 A.D. On 1st November, 1921, Suket was transferred from the political control of Punjab Government to the Government of India till 15th August 1947. Sundernagar is famous for its renowned temples and hence grew along the attraction of these temples and religious precincts. Mahamaya Temple situated on a hill top near the town, house the patron goddess Mahamaya of the Sen Rulers of Old Suket State. The chiefs of Mandi and Suket are said to be from a common ancestor of the Chandravanshi line of Rajputs of Sena dynasty of Bengal and they claim their descent from the Pandavas of the Mahabharata. 1.6 Geographical Setting6 1.6.1 Geology Mandi District have rock formations ranging from pre-Cambrian to Quaternary period. Hard formations, form hilly and mountainous terrain and mainly comprises of igneous and metamorphic rocks occupy the major part of the area in the northern, central and eastern part. In the western and southern parts sediments comprising of sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate etc are observed. Alluvium, terrace deposits, fluvial deposits occur in the intermontane valleys, viz., Balh valley, Sarkaghat valley etc., and constitute an important unit from ground water point of view. Hydro-geologically, the district is divided into two distinct and well defined units:

5 Source: Mandi District Official Website, http://himachal.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1anddpt_id=199andlevel=1andsublinkid=12086andlid=12477

6 Source - District Ground Water Brochure Mandi District - Himachal Pradesh, Central Ground Water Board, Ministry Of Water Resources, Government Of India

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 6

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

i. Porous formations constituted by unconsolidated sediments and the fissured formations, or ii. Hard rock formation constituted mainly by semi-consolidated to consolidated rocks The fissured formations include the semi-consolidated to consolidated (hard) rocks exposed in the district and are of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous origin. These form low and high hill ranges throughout the district. Fractured and jointed sandstone, siltstone forms low potential aquifers in the area. 1.6.2 Physiography Mandi district is represented by complex mosaic of mountain ranges, hills and valleys. It is primarily a hilly district with altitudes ranging from 550 m near Sandhol where Beas river leaves the district, to about 3960 m near Kullu border. There is a general increase in elevation from west to east and from south to north. Master slope is south-westerly. There are few small valleys, prominent among them is the Balh valley, located in the lesser Himalayan ranges, having an average altitude of about 790 m and have a general slope towards north to north east. The valley floor is undulating and is marked by low hillocks and terraces fringing the hills and intervening low alluvial plain.

Sundernagar Planning Area falls within the valley area and structural hills. It belongs to the Middle Shivalik and Lower Shivalik rock formation i.e. during the tertiary period (Pliocene to Mid-Miocene) of the Cenozoic era. The Middle Siwalik formation is characterized by grey sandstone and brownish clay/ shale while the Lower Siwalik is characterized by red and purple sandstone and shale. 1.6.3 Elevation The Planning area is highly contoured towards south and is characterized by undulating terrain ranging from minimum elevation of 680 m to maximum elevation of 1600 m. In general, elevation is highest towards south at Bari with an elevation up to 1600 m. The elevation then decreases to 884 m at Bari, Sundernagar MC, Bahot, Thala and parts of Pungh. The low lying areas with elevation ranging from 660 m to 884 m are located at Chamukha, Bhaur, Chhatar, Kanaid, Jugahan, Chowk, Bharjwanoo, Mahadev, Ghangal, Khatarwar, Kalahod and some parts of Sundernagar Municipal Council (Refer Figure 1-4).

Table 1-2: Elevation variation in Planning Area Sl.No. Elevation (in m) Percentage of Area falls in the mentioned ranges 1 <800 15% 2 800-1000 66% 3 1000-1500 18% 4 >1500 1% Source: Base map, 2017 1.6.4 Slope The natural slope is from south-west to south-east direction. Southern part of Bari, eastern part of Chamukha and southern part of Sundernagar MC are characterized by steep slope ranging from 57 % to more than 100 %. Other areas such as Pungh, Thala, Derdu, Dodhu, Ghangal, most part of Sundernagar MC, Mahadev, Kalahod, Bharjwanoo, Chowk, Jugahan and Bhaur have mild slope ranging from less than 0 % to 27 %. Out of the total Planning Area, 5 % land area is covered under the range of 57 % to more than 100 % slope while 79 % area falls under the range of 0 to 27 % slope.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 7

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Rest 15 % of the land area falls under the range of 27 to 57 % slope. According to the analysis, 94 % land area has developable slope (Refer Figure 1-5). Table 1-5: Elevation Variation in Planning Area Sl.No. Slope (in %) Percentage of Area falls in the mentioned ranges 1 0-27 79% 2 27-57 15% 3 57-100 5% 4 >100 1% Source: Primary Survey

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 8

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 1-4: Elevation – Sundernagar Planning Area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 9

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 1-5: Slope – Sundernagar Planning Area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 10

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1.6.5 Soil Character7 The soil in Mandi district is characterized by sub – mountainous and mountainous soil. The sub- mountainous soil is high in organic carbon, low in available phosphorous and medium in potash occurring mostly in the south to south-east part of the district towards Seraj and Karsog blocks. The mountainous soil is brown in colour, nitrogen and potash present in average range and deficient in phosphorous occurring in the remaining eight blocks of the district. The soil reaction is slightly acidic to neutral and texture in general varies from loam to sandy loam, except in low valley areas being heavy textured. 1.6.6 Climate Climate in Mandi District is sub-tropical in the valleys and tends to be temperate near the hilltops. The district experiences summer from March till June where the maximum temperature varies from 24.9°C to 35.8°C. The rainy season starts in July till September where the maximum temperature ranges from 28°C to 30.8°C. Winter season starts in November with a minimum temperature of 11°C and continues till February where the minimum temperature is 8.9°C (Refer Figure 1-6).

40 Monsoon

400 C) 30 300

20 200

10 100

Rainfall (In mm) (In Rainfall Temperature (In ° Temperature

0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Rainfall (In mm) 71.1 67.5 81.7 48.3 64.3 160.1 411.2 370.1 152 34.4 15.3 30.9 Min (In °C) 6.68.9 13.2 17.7 22.4 24.5 23.3 22.7 21.2 16.6 11 7.8 Max (In °C) 17.1 20.1 24.9 30.6 35.3 35.8 30.8 29.6 29.9 28 23.8 19.3 Season (In Month) Figure 1-7: Annual Rainfall – Mandi District Season (In months) Source: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform, Figure 1-6: Climate – Mandi District Government of India Source: http://en.climate-data.org/location/718336/ https://data.gov.in/catalogs/ministry_department/india- meteorological-department-imd 1.6.7 Rainfall The annual average rainfall in Mandi district is about 1506.9 mm8. The rainy season starts in June when the district receives 160.1 mm of rainfall and ends in September when the rainfall is recorded at 152 mm. The month of July is recorded as the peak rainfall month with 411.2 mm. The driest month is November with 15.3 mm of rainfall (Refer Figure 1-7). 1.7 Resources The existing available resources in Mandi District are as follows:

7 Source: District Ground Water Brochure Mandi District - Himachal Pradesh, Central Ground Water Board, Ministry Of Water Resources, Government Of India 8 Source: Data period 1951 – 2000, Open Government Data (OGD) Platform, Government of India https://data.gov.in/catalogs/ministry_department/india-meteorological-department-imd

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 11

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 1-6: Mineral Production - Mandi District (2010-2011) Mineral Sl. No. Production (In tonnes) Type Name 1 Major Nil Nil 2 Bajri 92,129 3 Sand 21,987 4 Building Stone 13,536 5 Minor Clay 8,79,327 6 Slate 1,282 7 Aggregate 2,42,379 8 Rough Stone 1,61,561 Total 14,12,201 Source: Industrial Profile - Mandi district, Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises, http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIP%20Mandi.pdf 1.7.1 Mineral Resources

Mandi District is rich with commercially exploitable minor minerals but there are no major mineral available. The district produces 14,12,201 tonnes of minor mineral as per 2010 - 11 record. Out of the total minor mineral produce, clay contribute to the highest with 62.3 % i.e. 7,79,327 tonnes followed by stone aggregates with 17.2 % i.e. 2,42,37 tonnes, rough stones with 11.4 % i.e. 1,61,561 tonnes and the remaining 9.1 % include Bajri, Sand, building stone and slate. 1.7.2 Forest Resources Himachal Pradesh has enough forest resources. Out of the total geographical area of the Mandi district i.e. 3,950 km2, 47.1 % i.e. 1,860 km2 is under forest cover. The total forest cover of Mandi district occupies 5 % of the entire forest cover of the state. 1.7.3 Water resources9 One of the major sources of water resource Table 1-7: Forest Cover in Mandi District (2013) in the district is the ground water. It is Detail Remark developed on a moderate scale and is Area of District 3,950 km2 2 basically restricted on the north towards Area under legal forest 1,860 km % of forest area to geographical 47.1% Balh Valley, Karsog Valley in the south and area of district other small valleys along the major streams % of forest area to geographical 5% and rivers. These areas depend on tube area of state wells and dug wells for all major irrigation Source: Himachal Pradesh Forest Department http://hpforest.nic.in/files/HP%20Forest%20Statistics2013.pdf and drinking water supplies in addition to water supply schemes based on rivers and natural nallas. The state Irrigation and Public Health Department is the nodal agency for ensuring water supply and irrigation facilities. The Department taps number of springs which are perennial yielding discharge less than 1 lps to more than 5 lps. These springs are tapped at source to facilitate water supply under gravity. Besides these, handpumps are drilled in the district with the depth ranging from 30 to 60 m

9 Source: FAO Corporate Document Repository, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/v5930e/V5930E13.htm

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 12

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

depending upon the lithology of the area, with a discharge varying from 0.5 lps to 2 lps. The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) have also constructed 19 exploratory wells in the district, in the depth ranging from 38.25 to 140.98 m below ground level with discharge ranging from 15 lps to 999.24 lps. Sundernagar Planning Area falls within the region where the ground water condition is semi- confined resulting in low to moderate yield. Springs, shallow bore wells and handpumps are the main source of water in this area. Another water resource in the area is the manmade Balancing Reservoir in Sundernagar under the Beas – Satluj Link Project in Sundernagar holds a storage capacity of 370 Ha meters (3000 acre ft) and is constructed at the tail of Sundernagar – Satluj channel. It was constructed to function as a balancing storage to provide for the variation between the supply required for the load and discharge of water conductor of the Dehar Power Plant, located on the right bank of Satluj river in Dehar near Bilaspur.

Sundernagar Planning Area

LEGEND Exploratory well Fault Thrust Springs ( Q in lps) Hot Springs Triangulation points Drainage Rock Salt Mines National Hydrograph Network Stations (NHNS) Sundernagar Tehsil

AGE FORMATION GROUND WATER CONDITION

Alluvium/ Valley fills GW under water table and Confined condition. High yields (10-25 lps). Quaternary (unconsolidated) Wells and tube-wells feasible. Ground Water quality good. Siwalik & Subathu GW under water table & semi-confined condition. Both porous & fissured Tertiary (semi-consolidated) aquifers. Low to moderate yields (2-10 lps). Springs & shallow bore wells. Shali (metamorphic GW under water table & semi-confined condition. Fissured high elevation Proterozoic and crystalline) aquifers. Low yields (< 5 lps). Springs, handpumps. Figure 1-8: Hydrogeology and Ground Water Condition - Mandi District Source: District Ground Water Brochure Mandi District - Himachal Pradesh, Central Ground Water Board, Ministry Of Water Resources, Government of India

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 13

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2. DEMOGRAPHY AND URBANIZATION Demographic analysis is very important to understand the trend of population growth and its characteristics. The demographic study of any area gives a clear picture of the presently available human resources in terms of sex, literacy, caste and work participation rate. The chapter deals with the demographic situations in the Planning Area which helps to understand the current Human Resources available in the area. 2.1 Sundernagar Town: Growth Trend Sundernagar Municipal Council was constituted during 1950s. As per Census 2011, about 4% of the total Urban population of Himachal Pradesh are in Sudnernagar municipal council. The urban population of Sundernagar increased from 2554 in 1921 to 24,344 in 2011. Sundernagar registered a very high growth rate of 268.45 % during 1961-71 and became second largest town of Himachal Pradesh. This excessive growth rate was due to migration of large population from outside because of construction of Beas-Satluj Link Project. Sundernagar maintained its position in 1981 census also. During 1991 census Mandi town reached in second position relegating Sundernagar to 5th position. Sundernagar marked a negative growth rate during this period, which was connected with outmigration of large number of people consequent upon the completion of Beas Satluj link Project.10

Figure 2-1: Population Increase of Sundernagar Town (1921-2011) Source: Census of India, 1921 – 2011

10 Source: http://ajms.co.in/sites/ajms2015/index.php/ajms/article/viewFile/65/76

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 14

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 2-2 Evolution of Sundernagar Town from 1950s to 2017 Source: Prepared based on Gazette of Mandi District

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 15

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2.2 Population Distribution As per the Census of India, the population of Sundernagar Planning Area in 2011 is 42,963 against 33,760 in 1991 and 39,967 in 2001. In 2011, the Planning area also comprises of 4.30 % of the total population of Mandi district, with a total number of 9,892 households and an average household size of 4.3 that is less than the district average of 5.5. Out of the total population of Sundernagar Planning Area, 56.7 % i.e. 24,344 are in urban areas while the remaining 43.4 % of the population i.e. 18,619 are in rural areas. (Refer Table 2-1). Table 2-1: Population Distribution - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Year Total No. of Ave. HH Total No. of Ave. HH Total No. of Ave. HH Population HHs size Population HHs size Population HHs size Mandi 7,20,603 1,30,462 5.5 9,01,344 2,19,145 4.1 9,99,777 1,82,378 5.5 District Sundernagar 33,760 6,977 4.8 39,967 8,718 4.6 42,963 9,892 4.3 Planning Area Urban 20,397 4,722 4.3 23,986 5,629 4.3 24,344 5850 4.2 Rural 13,363 2,255 5.9 15981 3,089 5.2 18,619 4042 4.6 Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011

2.2.1 Population Density Table 2-2: Population Density - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh Sundernagar Planning Area has a 2011 population density of 17 persons per Year Area Population Population hectare (pph) which is higher than the (In Ha) Density (ppha) Mandi district i.e. 3 pph (Refer Table 2-2). 9,99,777 3,95,000 3 Sundernagar Municipal Council has a District Sundernagar 42,963 2,557.4 17 population density of 20 ppa and caters to Planning Area 56.7% of the total population of the Urban 24,344 1,215.9 20 Planning Area. The density in the rural areas Rural 18,619 1,341.5 14 is less than the urban area with 14 pph, Source: Census of India - 2011, TCP Notification catering to 43.4% of the total population.

2.2.2 Growth Rate As per Census of India 2011, the decadal growth rate of Sundernagar Planning Area is 7.5% which is lower than the district i.e. 10.9 %. The district has witnessed a negative growth rate in the past decade i.e. from 25.1 % in 2001 to 10.9 % in 2011. Consequently, the Planning Area have also witnessed an adverse effect in the decadal growth rate i.e. from 18.4% in 2001 to 7.5 % in 2011. There is a tremendous fall of growth rate at urban areas in the Planning Area from 17.6 % in 1991- 2001 to 1.5 % in 2001-2011. The growth rate has fallen in rural areas as well from 19.6 % in 1991- 2001 to 16.5 % in 2001-2011. (Refer Table 2-3). Table 2-3: Decadal Growth Rate – Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Decadal Decadal Decadal Year Total Total Total Growth Growth Growth Population Population Population Rate Rate Rate Mandi District 7,20,603 - 9,01,344 25.1% 9,99,777 10.9% Sundernagar Planning Area 33,760 - 39,967 18.4% 42,963 7.5%

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 16

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1991 2001 2011 Decadal Decadal Decadal Year Total Total Total Growth Growth Growth Population Population Population Rate Rate Rate Urban 20,397 - 23,986 17.6% 24,344 1.5% Rural 13,363 - 15,981 19.6% 18,619 16.5% Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011 2.2.3 Sex Ratio Sundernagar Planning Area has a sex ratio of 973 (females per 1000 male) in 2011 which is lower than the district i.e. 1007 (females per 1000 male). The Planning Area has witnessed a decadal increase in the sex ratio from 926 (females per 1000 male) in 2001 to 973 (females per 1000 male) in 2011 (Refer Table 2-4). Table 2-4: Sex Ratio - Sundernagar Planning Area/ Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Year Sex Sex Sex Male Female Male Female Male Female Ratio Ratio Ratio Mandi 3,55,914 3,64,689 1025 4,47,872 4,53,472 1013 4,98,065 5,01,712 1007 District Sundernagar 17,525 16,235 926 20,750 19,217 926 21,777 21,186 973 Planning Area Urban 10,802 9,595 888 12,685 11,301 891 12,461 11,883 954 Rural 6,723 6,640 988 8,065 7,916 982 9,316 9,303 999 Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011 2.2.4 Literacy Rate As per Census 2011, the literacy rate of Sundernagar Planning area is 87.9 % which is higher than that of the district i.e. 81.5 % respectively. The male literacy rate in the Planning Area is 92.2 % and that of female is 83.6 % is also higher than that of the district. (Refer Table 2-5). Table 2-5: Literacy Rate – Sundernagar Planning Area/Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Year Total Total Literacy Total Literacy Literacy Rate Population Population Rate Population Rate Mandi District 7,20,603 60.8% 9,01,344 70.1% 9,99,777 81.5%  Male  3,55,914  75.3%  4,47,872  85.9%  4,98,065  89.5%  Female  3,64,689  46.8%  4,53,472  64.8%  5,01,712  73.7% Sundernagar 23,559 79.7% 30,328 85.3% 33,934 87.9% Planning Area  Male  13,452  87.7%  16,752  91.1%  17,935  92.2%  Female  10,107  71.2%  13,576  79.1%  15,999  83.6% Urban 15,446 85.6% 19,445 89.7% 20,021 90.9% Rural 8,113 70.6% 10,883 78.5% 13,913 83.9% Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011 2.2.5 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Composition As per Census, the percentage distribution of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe in the Planning Area increased from 33 % and 0.3 % in 2001 to 34.2 % and 0.4 % in 2011 respectively. In 2011, the percentage distribution of Scheduled caste in the Planning Area is significantly higher than the district while that of Scheduled tribe is less (Refer Table 2-6).

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 17

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 2-6: Distribution of Scheduled caste and Scheduled Tribes - Sundernagar Planning Area / Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Year Total Percentage Total Percentage Total Percentage Population Distribution Population Distribution Population Distribution Mandi District 7,20,603 - 9,01,344 - 9,99,777 - Scheduled Caste 2,13,933 29.7% 261233 29.0% 2,93,739 29.4% Scheduled Tribe 8,992 1.2% 10,564 1.2% 12,787 1.3% Sundernagar Planning Area 33,760 33.7% 39,967 33.0% 42,963 34.2% Scheduled Caste 11,287 33.4% 13,043 32.6% 14,524 33.8% Scheduled Tribe 97 0.3% 135 0.3% 158 0.4% Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011 2.3 Population Projection As per Census, 2011, almost 57 % population are in the urban area i.e. Sundernagar Town and rest of the population (43 %) are in twelve revenue villages in the Planning Area. As the level of urbainsation is high in the Panning Area, it has been taken into consideration during population forecasting for 2035. The projected population by Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) method being more appropriate to be adopted as it gives a mean value of all the five methods. Hence the projected population for Sundernagar Town for the year of 2035 is 44,412. The CAGR method has been adopted for the overall population forecasting of the Planning Area as the method provides the appropriate mean value of all the methods. Hence, population of the Planning Area for 2035 is estimated to be 72,134 at a growth rate of 2.18 %.

Figure 2-3: Projected Population of Sundernagar Urban Area Source: Estimated by Analysis based on Census of India 2011

Table 2-7: Projected Population for Sundernagar Planning Area Adopted CAGR 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

2.18 46,806 52,117 58,056 64,699 72,134 Source: Estimated by Analysis based on Census of India 2011

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 18

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2.3.1 Rural Urban Composition Considering the present trend of distribution of rural and urban population, it has been envisaged that urban population will tend to grow in a faster pace than of its rural counter part. The proposed cement industry in Keran, increasing opportunities in service sector and hospitality sector will help to accelerate the growth of urban population in the planning area. The estimated urban and rural population share for 2035 is 44,412 (62 %) and 27,722 (38 %). 2.4 Settlement Pattern 2.4.1 Urban Settlement There are five urban settlements in Mandi district (Census 2011). Out of these five urban settlements one is Class V, two are Class III and two are Class VI towns according to census 2011. The Class V town accommodated approximately 12 % of the total Mandi District urban population. Out of the five urban settlements, two are namely Mandi (MC) and Sundernagar (MC) while the remaining three are one each in Jogindernagar (NP), Sarkaghat (NP) and Rewalsar (NP).

Table 2-8: Urban Settlement Pattern in Mandi District Class II Class III Class IV Class V Class VI Class I Tehsil (50000 - (20000 - (10000 - (5000 - (Below Total (100,000+) 99000) 49000) 19999) 9999) 5000) Jogindernagar 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Sarkaghat 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Sundernagar 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mandi 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Rewalsar 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Mandi District 0 0 2 0 1 2 5 Source: Census of India, 2011 As per Census 2011, Sundernagar Planning Area has only one Class III town which is Sundernagar (MC). The level of urbanization is high in the Planning Area (47 %) as compared to the District which is 6.2 %. 2.4.2 Rural Settlements Sundernagar Planning Area comprises of 22 revenue villages out of which 12 villages falls under 9 Gram Panchayat. As per Census of India 2001, the rural population in the Planning Area is 13,360 residing in 12 villages, which is 35 % of the total population. In 2011, the rural population increased to 15,596 which is 39 % of the total population of the Planning Area.

Table 2-9: Distribution of Rural Settlements by Population Size, 2011 S. No. Range (Population) No. of villages (2001) No. Of villages (2011) 1. >100 1 1 2. 100-500 3 3 3. 500-1000 2 2 4. 1000-1500 2 2 5. 1500-2000 1 1 6. 2000-2500 2 0 7. 2500-3000 1 2 8. 3000-3500 0 1 12 12 Source: Census of India, 2001 -2011 The numbers of villages with population ranging from 3000-3500 has increased from 0 % to 8 % and the number of villages with population ranging from 2500-3000 increased by 4 %. There is no

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 19

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

increase in number of villages with population ranging from >100, 100-500, 500-1000, 1000-1500 and 1500-2000 in the planning area.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 20

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

3. ECONOMIC BASE AND EMPLOYMENT Development is described in terms of the economic growth over a period in a given spatial framework. The Chapter Deals with the assessment of the economic parameters like the GDDP and NDDP growth over the period of time in Mandi district, the Per Capita Income distribution and growth in Mandi district, distribution of workers in different economic sectors and the output from each sector in terms of productivity. This would give us a clear set of pictures on current economic scenario in the notified planning area. 3.1 Economic Base

3.1.1 Work-force Participation Rate (WPR) Sundernagar Planning Area has a WPR of 39 % as per Census of India, 2011 which is less than the district rate i.e. 57 %. The WPR in the district increased from 50 % in 2001 to 57 % in 2011. However, the rate declined in the Planning Area from 40 % in 2001 to 39 % in 2011 in the Planning Area.

Table 3-1: Work force Participation Rate - Sundernagar Planning Area / Mandi District/ Himachal Pradesh 1991 2001 2011 Year Total Working Total Working Total Working % % % Population Population Population Population Population Population Mandi District 2,73,150 38% 4,54,292 50% 5,72,671 57%  Male 7,20,603  1,67,870  61% 9,01,344  2,35,754  52% 9,99,777  2,97,464  52%  Female  1,05,280  39%  2,18,538  48%  2,75,207  48% Sundernagar 9,967 30% 16,042 40% 16,816 39% Planning Area  Male 33,760  7,992  80% 39,967  10,466  65% 42,963  11,039  66%  Female  1,975  20%  5,576  35%  5,777  34% Urban 5,867 59% 7,911 49% 8,460 50% Rural 4,100 41% 8,131 51% 8,356 50% Source: Census of India – 1991, 2001, 2011 3.1.2 Main and Marginal Workers

Out of the total workers’ population in the Main workers, 72%% Marginal Workers, 28%

Planning Area, the share of main workers 2001 in 2001 is 70 % and marginal workers is 30 %. Similarly, in 2011, 72 % of the workers Main workers, 70% Marginal Workers, 30% population are main workers and 28% are 2011 marginal workers. It is observed that in Population Worker

Sundernagar Planning Area, the share of 0% 20%40%60%80%100% main workers increased in 2011 by 2 % 2011 2001 Main 12096 11173 while that of marginal workers decreased. Marginal 4720 4869 Percentage Distribution Figure 3-1: Percentage of Worker Distribution Source: Census of India –2001, 2011

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 21

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

3.1.3 Sector wise Workers Distribution Out of the total population, 16,816 people (39 %) are engaged in different types of economic sectors. Maximum workers are engaged in tertiary sectors i.e. 72 % of the total workers. The second most important sector is primary sector where 25 % workers are engaged. The least prioritised sector in the Planning Area is the secondary sector where 2 % workers are engaged.11 3.2 Sector wise analysis

3.2.1 Primary Sector As it has already been discussed that primary sector is the second most important economic sectors in Mandi district in terms of work participation rate (40 %) and GDDP share during the last decade. Out of the total GDDP share, primary sector shared 27% during 1999-00 FY. The share of primary sector in GDDP, has decreased over the period of time. During 2005-06 the share of primary sector fell to 25 % and during 2010-11 to 22 % (provisional). Primary sector occupies 1/3rd share of the total GDDP generation in the district and in terms of worker’s distribution, it occupies almost half of the workers’ population in the district. Out of the total primary GDDP distribution in 2005-06, 89 % has been generated from agriculture and horticulture production whereas 11 % has been generated from forest related activities.12 In Sundernagar Planning area 25 % of people are involved in different types of primary activities such as agriculture, horticulture, forestry and mining. 3.2.1.1 Agriculture Out of the total population in Sundernagar Planning Area, almost half of the population (43.4 %) are in the rural areas where people are mostly engaged in agricultural activities. According to the Agriculture Department of Sundernagar, the available cultivable land is 1183.32 ha which occupies 46 % of the total land area in the Planning Area. The area of cultivable land in the Planning Area is slightly more than amount of cultivable land area in Mandi district i.e. 40 %.13 Out of the total Net Sown Area, 587 Ha of land is irrigated which occupies 50% of cultivable area by Lift Water Irrigation Schemes. Almost all the villages in the Planning have the irrigation facility. The Bhakra-Beas Management Board (BBMB) Balancing Reservoir canal is the main source of irrigation in the Planning Area along with Khads and Nalas. The available gross cropped area in the Planning Area is 2095 Ha which relatively occupies 82 % area of the entire Planning Area. The amount of Gross cropped area has been decreased from 3943 Ha in 2011-12 to 2095 Ha in 2015-16. It indicates that the intensity of sowing areas more than once is reducing in the Planning Area. As per the available Net sown area and the Gross Cropped Area in the planning area, the average cropping intensity appears to be 177 % Grains and vegetables both are produced in the Planning Area. The major crops in grains are Maize, Paddy and wheat. In case of vegetables, major produce comprises of Tomatoes, Cauliflowers and other egetables. The total produce of agricultural crops (both grains and vegetables) have increased from 79,639 MT in 2011 to 84701 MT in 2015.

11 Source: Census of India, 2001 and 2011 12 Source: Economic Survey, Mandi District 13 Source: Department of Agriculture, Sundernagar

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 22

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 3-2: Agriculture Land Use Particulars Sundernagar Planning Area Mandi District Net Sown Area (in Ha) 1183 85800 Gross Cropped Area (in Ha) 2095 161100 Area Sown more than once (in Ha) 912 72500 Cropping Intensity (%) 177 188 Source: Department of Agriculture, Sundernagar and Agriculture Contingency Plan for District Mandi

Figure 3-2: Area under Cultivation Source: Prepared based on AGiSAC Base Map

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 23

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

3.2.1.2 Horticulture Horticulture is another important activity after agriculture in the Planning Area as cultivation of fruits as cash crop farming enhances the business activities and generate economy. In all the revenue vilages of Sundernagar Planning Area except Bhaur, Chowk, Jugahan and Ropa, horticultural activity is practiced. The Main horticultural crops are Pomegranate, Mangoes and Citrus Fruits like Oranges. The total area under horticulture is 74 Ha which occupies only 3 % of the total area of Sundernagar Planning Area. Out of the total area under horticulture, 7 ha is irrigated and rest 67 ha is non-irrigated. The total production of horticultural crops is 604 quintals during last five years in the Planning Area. Out of the total production mangoes occupies almost 97% of the amount, citrus fruits occupy almost 2 % and pomegranate 1 %. The market rate of the pomegranate is 3000 rupees per Qn. whereas for mangoes and citrus fruits it is 1000 rupees per Qn. Almost 80% of the total produce is exported out of the Planning Area. Horticulture Department has identified two categories of villages in the Planning Area. First, where the plantation activities cannot be practised and second, where the area under horticulture can be extended based on the already defined suitable criteria by the department. Table 3-3 shows the identified villages in the Planning area for horticulture development.

Table 3-3: Identified Villages for Horticulture Development Sl. No. Categories Name of the villages 1 Not Suitable for Horticulture Bhaur, Ropa Kanaid Chowk, Jugahan, Bhojpur, Mahadev, Ghangal, 2 Expansion of Plantation farms Kanaid, Bahot, Bari, Kalohad, Derdu, Dodhu, Thala and Chamukha Source: Department of Horticulture, Sundernagar

3.2.1.3 Agriculture and Horticulture Produce The Sundernagar Planning Area is famous for agriculture and horticulture produces. The seasonal traders visit the area during summer months for trading fruits and vegetables. H.P. Agriculture Produce Marketing Act, 1969 (Act No. 8 of 1970) was introduced to manage the agriculture and horticulture production for trading. This act ensures reasonable price to farmers for their agriculture produces. Under this act better regulation of the purchase, sale, storage, processing, transport and marketing of agricultural produce are required to be provided under provision of this act. A mandi is proposed to provide facilities to the farmers and traders of the surrounding villages.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 24

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 3-3: Horticultural Proposal in the Planning Area Source: Prepared based on the information received from Department of Horticulture, Sundernagar 3.2.2 Secondary Sector

Considering the sector wise GDDP distribution in Mandi district, secondary sector shares almost 7% of the total GDDP in 1999-00 which is almost stagnant till 2005-06.14 According to the Census of India, 2011 only 1.25% of the workers are engaged in the secondary activities. In Sundernagar Planning Area 2.3% workers are engaged in secondary activities which comprise of micro and small scale industries. Recently there is no notified Industrial Area within Sundernagar Planning Area. There are 69 Micro and Small scale units within and at the peripheral areas of the Planning Area which generate employment for 264 people. A total amount of 293.266 Lakhs rupees have been invested in various industrial units since 2011 till 2015.15 Table 3-4: Industrial Scenario

2011-2015 Sl.No. Categories Number of Units Investment (in Lakhs) Employment 1 Manufacturing 34 144.816 136 2 Repairing 9 10.19 18 3 Agro-Based 8 32.46 40 4 Others 18 105.8 70 Total 69 293.266 264 Source: EO Industries, Block Development Office, Sundernagar Block

14 Source: Economic Survey, Mandi District 15 Source: EO Industries, Block Development Office, Sundernagar

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 25

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

3.2.3 Tertiary Sector

Tertiary sector or the service sector is one of the emerging sectors in Mandi District in terms of the maximum share in GDDP amount in the last decade. In terms of GDDP share, tertiary sector has the maximum percentage share in the total GDDP of the district since 1999-00. The share of tertiary sector has increased from 69% in 1999-00 to 71% in 2005-06. The shares continue increasing to 75% during 2010-11 financial year (provincial). 16

According to 2005-06 GDDP distribution of Mandi District, the main tertiary activities are constructions (29 %), trade and hotels (13 %), communication (2 %), banking facilities (7 %), public administration (13 %), Real estate (7 %) and Transportation (4 %) which includes the railways as well. There are other services as well which comprises of 17 % of the total GDDP amount in tertiary activities.17

Table 3-5: Share of Tertiary Sector in GDDP, Mandi

Sl.No. Years GDDP (in Rs.) 1 1999-00 109075 2 2000-01 112072 3 2001-02 117746 4 2002-03 124758 5 2003-04 132981 6 2004-05 143699 7 2005-06 164989 Source: Economic Survey, Mandi

According to the Census of India, 2011 in Sundernagar Planning Area, the share of tertiary workers to the total workers is 72 % which is more than the district average of 28.25 %. 3.3 Employment Generation The Development Plan – 2035 will boost the economic activities within the Planning area and create more opportunities for work, the Planning area will have a substantially higher WPR i.e. 45 % till 2035. Thus the worker population in 2035 will be 32,460. A break-up of the employment generated in each sector has been worked out in the following table: Table 3-6: Proposed Occupational Classification of Sundernagar Sectors 2035 Overall Primary 4869 Sector wise Percentage Percentage Cultivators 4139 85 Agricultural Labourers 243 5 15 Livestock 243 5 Mining 243 5 Secondary 3246 Sector wise Percentage

Household Industry 974 30 10

16 Source: Economic Survey, Mandi 17 Source: Economic Survey, Mandi

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 26

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Non-Household Industry 2272 70 Tertiary 24,345 Sector wise Percentage

Construction 6086 25 Trade and Commerce 4869 20 Hotel and Restaurants 1217 5 75 Transport and Communications 1217 5 Other Services 10,955 45 Total 32,460 100

Source: Proposed by Analysis based on Primary Survey 3.4 Proposed Work Areas

Sundernagar is the main prominent educational hub in Mandi district as there are few govt. and private institutes (such as Directorate of Technical Education, Dental College, Engineering College, Govt. Polytechnic, Forest Tranning Institute, R&D centers, General Degree colleges etc.) of state level importance are located in the town. Also, Sundernagar has administrative importace as it is the tehsil headquarter of Sundernagar tehsil and block headquarter of Sundernagar block which makes it a prime place for the concentration of different economic activities. 3.4.1 Education Hub/ Knowledge Park The key focus here is on innovation, research, entrepreneurship and accelerating regional economic development:  Knowledge Parks are typically developed in association with universities as a mechanism for facilitating collaborative research.  Knowledge Parks accelerate Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) expansion by providing easy access to resources, including business services, training and access to institutional research.  Knowledge Parks accelerate the employment opportunities. The knowledge hub thrives on its strength of scaling the new and emerging areas of technology and on its capabilities of integrating science and technology together for propelling the growth of knowledge industry. In this regard it is proposed to identify the following areas of interest for the Knowledge Park. They are Agriculture sector, skill development for promoting entrepreneurial activities, Tourism Sector, Textile industries, Promotion of R&D sector for on various matters and Hotel Management Sector. The knowledge park will house colleges of hotel management, textile industires, different skill development centers, management colleges, R&D centers etc. It will become an educational hub for the entire region and attracts the employment opportunity as well. 3.4.2 Cement Industry The cement industry has been proposed near Keran Village. This will enhance the employement opportunities for the arents of the Planning Area. 3.4.3 Light and Service Industries The Planning Area needs an industrial base. Presently a very limited number of service industries constitute the industrial sector of Sundernagar. broad region would provide the skilled labour force required for IT/ITeS industries and the skilled, unskilled and semiskilled labour required for agro as

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 27

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

well as other light and service industries. Light group industries shall be permitted in the area demarcated for industries. Industries like Agro-based, Dairy processing, Furniture making, Engineering Products /Repair and Maintenance, IT/ITeS etc. are the sectors which is proposed to increase the Economy. 3.4.4 Tourism Node The tourism node has been proposed near Bhojpur inside Sundernagar MC along the Circular road. The tourism node shall function as the hub of different tourist interest activities. Tourists will be offered with different adventure activities at that node. The node will act as one of the major economic hotspot in the town and the Planning Area. It will help the local entreprenuers to sell their items at Himachal Hut and local shops. The adventure tourism options will increase the employment opportunities of the local arents. 3.4.5 Hospitality Zone The hospitality zone has been proposed along the proposed four lane expressway at the western edge of the Planning Area. The zone will consist of hotels, parking areas, view decks, restaurnats, eating joints, local shopping centers etc. This initative would enhance the employment opportunities for the local arents. 3.4.6 Retail Retail shopping areas are necessary for creating an image for any urban areas. Presently there are no organized retail areas in the Planning Area. To accommodate the required shopping, commercial offices, and other activities like cinema, hotel and related facilities, the following five-tier system of commercial development is there for a city but for the Planning Area a three-tier system of commercial development has been proposed –  Level I: City level  Level II: Community level  Level III: Neighbourhood level

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 28

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

4. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION Traffic and transportation is an integral part of Development Plan. The study helps to comprehend the existing transport scenario along with the connectivity and accessibility in and around Sundernagar Planning Area. The chapter deals with various traffic and transportation proposal parameters viz. road network, road inventory and condition, vehicle growth rate, facilities like parking, pedestrian walk ways, public transport and dark spot status have been taken into consideration. 4.1 Road Network Sundernagar is located along the NH - 15418 which connects Chandigarh in Punjab to Manali in Kullu District. The SH – 1319, Shimla – Tattapani - Mandi road also acts as a major linkage to the town. Other village roads and link roads act as the main connectivity to the rest of the settlements (Refer Figure 4-1). 4.1.1 Primary Road Network The primary road in the Planning Area is the NH – 154 connecting Sundernagar with Mandi, Kullu and Manali in the north and Bilaspur, Ropar and Chandigarh in the south. The NH – 154 enters the Planning Area from the south via Ropri, continues towards Sundernagar town and further north towards Bhaur where it exits the Planning Area. It acts as the main access to the Planning Area and is situated along the villages of Chamukha, Sundernagar, Jugahan, Kalahod, Bharjwanoo, Kanaid and Bhaur. It completes a complete road length of 14.35 km in the Planning Area. 4.1.2 Secondary Road Network

The secondary road network in the Planning Area Table 4-1: Road length – As per hierarchy Road Hierarchy Length (In km) is the SH – 13. It connects Shimla with Mandi via National Highway – 154 14.35 Tatapani. It enters the Planning Area via State Highway – 13 2.55 Sundernagar BBMB Colony and continues towards Village/ Link Road 71.99 Bharari, Ghangal and Mahadev where it connects Total 88.89 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey the NH-154 at Bharjwanoo, where it continues towards Mandi. The SH – 13 completes a road length of 2.55km in the Planning Area. 4.1.3 Tertiary Road Network The tertiary road network consists of all the village roads and link roads which connects the rest of the settlements through cul-de-sac in the Planning Area. These roads connect the settlements along various contours and hilly undulating terrain. The village roads complete a total road length of 71.99 km in the Planning Area.

18 Source: National Highways Authority of India, http://www.nhai.org/doc/23june12/nh_nh%20wise.pdf 19 Source: Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department, http://hppwd.gov.in/sh%20and%20mdrs.htm

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 29

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

4.2 Road Inventory

The total existing road length in the Planning Area is 88.89km which includes the National Highway (NH - 154), State Highway (SH – 13) and the village roads. The present road density of the Planning Area is 3.48 km per sq.km. Out of the total road length, 16.14 % is contributed by the NH-154 with total length of 14.35 km. 2.87 % is contributed by the SH – 13 with a total length of 2.55 km and other villages roads connecting the rest of the settlements contribute to a total of 80.99 % i.e. a total length of 71.99 km (Refer Table 4-1).

Figure 4-1: Road Network Map – Sundernagar Planning Area Source: Primary Survey

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 30

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

4.2.1 PWD Roads Out of the total road length of 88.89 km in the Planning Area, 27.8 km road i.e. 31.27 % is maintained by the PWD Sundernagar out of which 23.8 km is Pucca while the rest 4 km is kutcha. All roads are pucca except in villages, namely Derdu and Thala. Out of the total kutcha road length, 2 km is constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) (Refer Table 4-2).

Table 4-2: PWD Road Length Road Sl.no. Revenue Village Details Pucca (In kms) Kutcha (In kms) 1 Bharjwanoo - Constructed 3 2 Jugahan - Constructed 3 Mahadev - Constructed 2.7 4 Ghangal - Constructed 5 Bhaur - Constructed 6 Kanaid - Constructed 7 Sundernagar 10.7 - Constructed 8 Pungh - Constructed 9 Chamukha - Constructed 10 Chowk 0.9 - Constructed 11 Kalahod 3.5 - Constructed 12 Dodhu 3 - Constructed 13 Derdu - 2 Constructed 14 Thala - 2 Constructed under PMGSY Total 23.8 4 Source: PWD Sundernagar, Mandi District 4.3 Vehicular Growth Vehicular growth rate in the region puts light on the fact of future traffic pattern. Increase in the number of private vehicles envisages the increase in the traffic volume in the town. Two wheelers20 lead in number of registered vehicles in a year at 54 % followed by cars21 with 33 %, LMV Commercial22 with 5 %, LMV Passenger23 with 3 %, Tractor24 with 2 %, HMV Commercial25 with 2 %, and HMV Passenger26 with 1 %. Table 4-3 shows the annual vehicle growth in the past five (5) years. It is observed that in 2013 and 2014, the annual vehicle growth increased from 12.4% to 15.6 % respectively. But a decline is observed in 2012 by -5.2 % and -2.4 % in 2015.

20 Two Wheelers – Moped, motorcycle, scooter, scooter with side car 21 Car - LMV (car) 22 LMV Commercial – Lights / Medium Goods Vehicles 23 LMV Passenger – LMV (van), LMV (jeep/ gypsy). Omni Bus (pvt), PSV Motor Cab, Maxi Cab, ulance 24 Tractor – Tractor, Tractor with Trailer 25 HMV Commercial – Crane, Earth Moving Vehicle/Equipment, Heavy Goods Vehicles, Excavator 26 HMV Passenger – Bus, Mini Bus

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 31

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 4-3: Annual Vehicular Growth in 5 years 4.4 Public Transport and Routes No. of Annual Annual % Year Vehicles Increase increase 4.4.1 Roadways 2011 1895 - - 2012 1797 -98 -5.2% The main mode of public transport in the 2013 2019 222 12.4% Planning Area is the Bus service. The area 2014 2334 315 15.6% is well-connected with all major towns of 2015 2278 -56 -2.4% Source: Records from SDM Office, Sundernagar Himachal Pradesh. The NH-154 and SH – 13 are the main routes for public transport services as it connects Sundernagar with all major towns in the state.

There are private buses as well as Government Himachal 1% 3% Pradesh Road Transport Corporation (HRTC) buses 1% 3% 1% 3% 86% Chamba operating in the area. Buses are available from 2% Kangra Sundernagar town every 5 mins connecting neighbouring Mandi towns. Most of the buses from Sundernagar i.e. 86% are Hamirpur bound to connect to areas within the district. The rest 14% Bilaspur cater to districts such as Chamba, Kangra, Hamirpur, Solan Bilaspur, Solan, Kullu and parts of Punjab and Jammu Kullu Outside State Kashmir (Refer Figure 4-2). 95% of these buses are private Figure 4-2: Bus route coverage - District owned while the rest 5% is facilitated by the Himachal wise Pradesh Road Transport Corporation (HRTC). Source: Analysis based on data provided by HRTC Regional Office, Sundernagar The NH – 154 is one of the major transport corridor in Himchal Pradesh catering to inter-state travels. Sundernagar being ideally situated along the highway, the town acts as a transit between many major cities in the state as well as other neighbouring states such as Chandigarh, Delhi, Ludhiana, Ambala, Amritsar, Hoshiarpur, etc. 4.4.2 Railways There is no railway connectivity in the Planning Area. The nearest narrow – gauge railway station is at Jogindernagar which is located within Mandi District, at a distance of 78km from Sundernagar. The next nearest is via Kiratpur Sahib in Punjab which is located at a distance of 103km along the Nangal – Una – Talwara broad gauge railway. 4.4.3 Airways An international airport/ a small air-strip is proposed at Dhangu which falls in the proposed Ner Chowk Planning Area. The proposed airport is adjacent to the Sundernagar Planning Area boundary in north-west side. The arial connectivity to this area will certainly enhance economy of the region and the Sundernagar Planning Area will act as entrance gate for the tourist destinations like Kullu, Manali, Karsog Valley, Jangehli, Rewalsar, Parashar Lake, Barot Valley, etc. Hence, connectivity to Nerchowk Planning Area needs to be improved. This can be achieved by providing a road connecting Sundernagar to Dangu. 4.5 Traffic Studies

3-day Classified Traffic Volume Counts (CVC’s) and 1-day Origin and Destination (OD) Survey have been conducted at 3 locations at Sundernagar to understand traffic intensity and to know the

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 32

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

upcoming traffic on the project area. Two of the classified volume count has been conducted on NH- 154, at Dhanotu and Pungh respectively and the remaining one has been conducted at the adjacent SH-13, near Mahadev Road. Since the night time traffic is very less in number, the classified traffic volume count has been conducted for 12 hours each day (7:00 AM to 7:00 PM). Looking at the growth rate of vehicular sector, more stringent steps should be taken. Major conclusions from the traffic survey are- a) AADT (PCU) is starting from 3 count stations on NH-154 and SH-13 - ADT (PCU) of 12 hours is 13428 at Dhanotu (on NH-154), 6587 at Pungh (on NH-154) and 1981 at Mahadev road (on SH-13). b) Daily variation on project road is normal. c) The hourly figures show that the heavy traffic flow is at NH-154 in the evening and at internal roads in the morning. d) Composition of cars and two wheelers is very high than any other mode of transport. e) OD analysis shows that the major trip generator areas are Sundernagar, Mandi, Kullu, Bilaspur, Chandigarh and Shimla/ Kinnaur. f) OD analysis shows that the significant percentage of traffic is within Sundernagar city. g) Religious/tours trips, social and work trips observed are maximum in planning area. h) In commodity movement - cement, building materials and timber/ wood products are predominantly transported in the planning area. 4.5.1 Directional Distribution Directional distribution of traffic has been analyzed. The analysis reveals that there are no tidal flows on the project road. The directional distribution observed is 51:49 at Dhnotu and at Pungh on NH- 154 and 52:48 at Mahadev Road on SH-13. 4.6 Proposals and Recommendations

Following recommendations are suggested for major traffic and transportation sector of the planning area: - Capacity augmentation in the following Homogeneous Sections- A. At Dhanotu present traffic PCU shows need of 4 Lane two-way road as per IRC notification (crossing 10000 PCU). However, this is urban hilly road so due to limitations of widening a bypass proposal can be considered for this area. Reasons for proposing bypass are given below- i. Crossing 10000 PCU at present ii. At Dhanotu existing traffic is 13428 PCU and at Pungh existing traffic is 6587 PCU. It shows that approximately 6841 PCU is clear through traffic which will not enter in the city. So to avoid conjunction on urban roads due to through traffic, a bypass road has been proposed iii. High through traffic will create issues traffic congestion in the core urban areas which can be avoided through a bypass iv. To give preference and facilities to local traffic a bypass proposal should be considered for that area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 33

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

v. This road would be developed as 2 lane two-way road as per IRC specifications for proper movement of local vehicle and pedestrian movement vi. Existing road way width is approximate 10m to 15m which is building to building distance B. At Pungh existing traffic PCU shows need of 2 lane two-way road. But in next 9 years it will need 4 lane two-way road which is not possible due to limitations in ROW. Following points has been considered and accordingly proposals of this area has been given below: - i. Existing road way width is approximate 10m to 15m which is building to building distance ii. This area is a residential as well as commercial hub due to which local traffic (vehicular and pedestrian) movement is very high C. For proper vehicular and pedestrian movement in built-up areas, bypass has been proposed which will reduce the traffic congestion and accidents on the existing roads D. At Mahadev Road present traffic PCU shows need of 2 Lane two-way road upto next 30 years E. Old vehicles should be banned in the state as they cause more pollution F. Government should conduct programs at community level to promote public transport systems and decide the modes of public transport G. As per tourism point of view Circular Road area at southern side of Sundarnagar MC has been developed, for that proposals are given below: - i. Zoo has been proposed in this area ii. Proposed Floriculture and Horticulture activities iii. Proposed Tourism Node at Bhojpur So for this area there are two proposals which are as follows: - First Proposal  For tourism, two parking space at both side of road has been proposed. Street parking strictly prohibited in this area  Car Free zone for pedestrian movement  5.5m carriage way road with varies width of foot path and drain  Street furnitures to be provided on the roads for tourists  Local street market to be provided at designated places  For Local movement in this area IPT (battery rickshaw) stand has been proposed Second Proposal  For tourism, two parking areas, at both side of road, has been proposed. Street parking will be strictly prohibited in this area  Private vehicles movement will be allowed in this area for circular movement to NH-154 for local traffic movement  10.5m ROW with 7m carriage way facilitated with foot path and drain  Street furnitures to be provided on the roads for tourists

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 34

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Local street market to be provided at few identified areas  For Local movement in this area IPT (battery rickshaw) stand has been proposed H. Restricted bus movement in the town has been proposed. The existing bus terminal has been shifted from existing area to the proposed bypass road. From there IPT services will be proposed for internal movement I. Tourism activities should be managed properly to control the vehicular movement J. From Tourism perspective, Sundarnagar Lake is also a major point of attraction which can be developed in various following ways: - i. Proper pedestrian walkways to be provided surrounding the lake area with recreational activities so that it will attract the tourists as well as the local people ii. Parking area with proper pedestrian connectivity to the parking area and bund road for easy accessibility for all pedestrians so that public can easily park their vehicles and move towards the lake side iii. Develop Viewpoints at lake side with proper sitting arrangement for public iv. Commercial Hub at existing bus terminal to be provided with proper pedestrian foot over bridge to connect direct bund road to separate the pedestrian movement from vehicular movement for safety movement of pedestrians

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 35

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

5. HOUSING This chapter analyses the housing condition within the planning area both qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitative analysis is done on the basis of number of households and no of dwelling units. Qualitative analysis takes into consideration parameters such as housing type, housing condition, housing quality and access to basic amenities. The chapter also attempts to estimate the present housing shortage in the planning area and device strategies to mitigate this housing need. 5.1 Introduction Housing constitutes one of the major components of a city and makes significant impact on its proper functioning and urban form. The existing status of housing in Sundernagar is influenced by the rapid urbanization, the breaking up of joint families to nuclear ones, and the subsequent increase in the demand for housing. There has been tremendous pressure on the urban land and the land prices. They are encroaching upon vital virgin lands and steep slopes. As the house is a basic and significant element of built environment, it has to be viewed under the light of planning, functionality, security and aesthetic entity. Sundernagar falls under earthquake Zone V and it is observed that majority of the structures are not following the NBC building norms and guidelines. It is a matter of great concern and it is advised that all future construction should take the bylaws and guidelines related to earthquake zone V. It is also recommended that prior to seismic strengthening/retrofitting of any existing structure; audit of the existing structure as regards structural vulnerability in the specified seismic hazard zone shall be carried out. 5.2 Existing Housing Status After a detailed study, the major issues related to housing have been identified as below-

 There has been a rapid increase in the demand for housing due to the large scale in- migration, as well as the breaking up of extended families. Homelessness is not a major problem in Sundernagar.  Cost of construction is exorbitantly high. This is largely due to import of building materials, as Sundernagar does not have adequate building material production centers. The entire planning area is earthquake prone and lies in Earthquake Zone V. This notwithstanding, the buildings are mushrooming almost everywhere without following any safety code prescribed by the NBC. This could be catastrophic in the event of a natural hazard. A detailed building audit needs to be carried out to identify vulnerable and structurally unstable buildings and adequate measures should be immediately taken. Further, all construction in future should adhere to building codes.  The town is undergoing fast structural transformation due to pressure on scarce land resources. The physical environment of Sundernagar is changing rapidly due to the demand for more built up area. People are converting their courtyard houses into Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) frame structures with modern facilities. These new constructions are generally two or three storeys.  The traditional style of construction is getting lost and often the new construction lacks any

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 36

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

definite character. A hybrid building style has developed over a period of time.  The different settlements are dispersed in the Planning Area with low population density. 5.3 Housing Status 5.3.1 Housing Stock and Shortage According to Census of India (2011) there are 9892 households in the Planning Area, out of which 5850 households (59.1%) are within the Sundernagar Municipal Council i.e. the core urban center and rest 4042 households (40.9%) are in the rural areas. According to the Census records (2011), the average household size in the Planning Area is 4.3 persons. Table 5-1 Comparison of Census Houses with Population Total no. of Census No. of Census houses State/ District/ Population Household Houses (excluding used as arence and Tehsil locked/vacant houses) arence-cum-other use Mandi District 9,99,777 2,19,145 4,18,839 2,19,416 Sundernagar Tehsil 87,007 18,155 31,992 17,955 (Rural) Sundernagar MC 24,344 5,850 9,205 6,036 (Urban) Source: Primary Census Abstract for Mandi District, Table HH-4 and H-4, Census of India, 2011 The total housing stock (excluding the locked or vacant houses) available in Sundernagar Tehsil is 31,992. Out of the total houses, 56.12% i.e. 17,955 are used for the arence and arence cum other use purpose which support 18,155 rural households as per 2011 Census. It can be inferred that almost 200 households live in joint families as the number of households are more than the number of census houses used as arence and arence-cum-other use. 5.3.2 Condition of Houses According to Census of India, the conditions of houses are defined by Good, Liveable and Dilapidated conditions. In Sundernagar Planning Area, 73.7 % houses are in good condition which is more than the district average of 71.20 %. Around 24.5% houses are in liveable condition which is less than the district average of 27.20 % and rest 1.9 % are in dilapidated condition which is more than the district average of 1.6 %. In case of Sundernagar Municipal Council, 68.1 % houses are in good condition, 30.8 % are in liveable condition and rest 1.1 % is in dilapidated condition.

Table 5-2: Percentage Distribution of Housing Condition Housing Mandi District Sundernagar Planning Area Condition Rural (In %) Urban (In %) Overall (In %) Rural (In %) Urban (In %) Overall (In %) Good 70.4 82.0 71.2 79.2 68.1 73.7 Liveable 28.0 17.3 27.2 18.1 30.8 24.5 Dilapidated 1.6 0.7 1.6 2.7 1.1 1.9 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Source: Housing Table HLPCA-02027-2011 H14, Census of India, 2011

Most of the houses i.e. almost 73.7 % houses in the Planning Area are in good condition. Villages having more concentration of good conditioned houses than the average are distributed along the highway. Mainly the rural areas have more houses in good condition than the urban area. The Sundernagar MC area has more concentration of liveable houses i.e. more than 30.8 % (distribution of the average liveable houses in the Planning Area). Kalohad, located adjacent to the MC area has

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 37

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

the most concentration of dilapidated houses i.e. 13.4 % as compared to the average distribution in the Planning Area i.e. 1.1 %.

5.3.3 Ownership Status Overall Out of the total houses in the Planning Area, 76.2 % are owned, 22.5 % are Urban

rented and rest 1.3 % have other Ownership status Ownership types of ownership status. Rural In case of urban area in the Planning 0 20406080 100 Area, 56 % houses are owned, 42.2 % Rural Urban Overall are rented and 1.8 % are under other Any Other 0.8 1.8 1.3 Rented 2.8 42.2 22.5 type of ownership. It is evident from Owned 96.5 56.0 76.2 the statistics that the percentage of Percentage Distribution rented houses are more in the urban Figure 5-1: Ownership Status of Houses Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02027 H-14, Census of India, 2011 areas because it attracts people from nearby villages for short term basis for the employment purpose. Hence people prefer to keep arences in urban a reas on rent. In rural areas, 96.5 % houses are owned and rest only 2.8 % are rented. Rural areas in the Planning Area have more owned houses i.e. more than 74.7 % (planning area average) than the rented houses whereas the urban area has more concentration of rented houses i.e. more than 24 % (planning area average) than the owned houses. Concentration of both owned and rented houses are more in the villages adjacent to the MC area. 5.3.4 Structure Characteristics Sundernagar has a distinctive structural difference in old and new housing. The villages, which are integral part of Sundernagar Planning Area, have traditionally constructed with stone and wooden Chowki having two storey which are bearing worn out look, whereas building constructed of new materials are generally three to four storeys high. Most of the buildings/ structures in villages are invariably having two storeys. The upper storey is supported by carved wooden columns. Both the storeys have veranda on each side, ground floor verandah is called olta and verandah on first floor is paura. There are no marked variations in size, but the individual houses/ plots are juxtapose to each other in a haphazard pattern in village abadi area. These old houses lack modern facilities. The villages in the outskirts of the planning area still maintain their traditional look but the buildings along the roads, have under gone considerable changes in their form due to a spontaneous trend of urbanization. 5.3.5 Type of Structure Houses are classified27 as permanent, semi-permanent and temporary based on the type of material used in construction of building, wall and roof. About 85.4 % houses in Sundernagar Planning Area

27 Government of India, 2011, Metadata on House listing and Housing Census, Census of India 2011, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, India, p.5-6

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 38

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

have permanent structures followed by 13.7% houses with semi-permanent structures. There are only 0.6% houses have total temporary structure and rest 0.7% structures are serviceable/ non serviceable/ classified houses.

Table 5-3: Percentage Distribution of Types of Structures Types Permanent Semi-Permanent Total Temporary Others Urban 88.2% 10.4% 1.1% 1.3% Rural 82.6% 17.1% 0.04% 0.2% Overall 85.41% 13.47% 0.6% 0.7% Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02027 H-14, Census of India, 2011 Migrant labours reside in mostly temporary structures. Majority of these structures can be seen either close to the construction site and brick kiln or close to water body. The percentage of the total temporary structures are more in the urban area (Sundernagar MC) i.e. 1.1% than the rural areas in the Planning Area. In Sundernagar Planning Area, the proportion of average permanent structure i.e. 85.6% is more in urban areas (88.2 %) than in rural areas (82.6 %). In case of semi-permanent structures, the proportion in the rural areas (17.1 %) are more compared with the urban area (10.4%).

As per Census of India, building which has its wall made 10% from stones (duly packed with lime or cement mortar), 90% galvanized iron/metal/asbestos sheets, burnt brick, cement bricks and concrete and roof made from machine-made Pucca tiles, cement tiles, burnt bricks, cement bricks, stones, slate, galvanized iron/metal/asbestos sheets, concrete is termed Kutcha as pucca structures. The kutcha buildings are those which has its wall and roof made of materials other than above mentioned materials i.e. unburnt bricks, bamboos, mud, Figure 5-2: Percentage distribution of grass, reeds, thatch, plastic/polythene, loosely packed Kutcha and Pucca Structures stone, etc. The Planning Area is characterised by 90 % pucca Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02027 H-14, structures and 10% kutcha structures. Census of India, 2011 5.3.6 Use of Structure Table 5-4: Structure Use In Sundernagar Planning Area, the predominant Areas Arence Arence Cum Other Use use of structure is residential i.e. 96.6 % and rest UrbanTable 5 -5: Structure97.5 Use 2.5 3.4% structures are of mixed used category. Rural 95.8 4.2 In Sundernagar Planning Area, there are more Overall 96.6 3.4 concentration of houses under mixed use category than planning area average i.e. 3.4 %, Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02027 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 which can be observed along the highway.

Houses under residential use can be seen evenly distributed in the Planning Area. Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02027 HH-14, Census of The MC area has only 2.5 % of the houses under India, mixed 2011 use category. Rest of the houses are exclusively under the residential category.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 39

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

5.3.7 Household Size and Dwelling Rooms In Sundernagar Planning Area, the average household size is 4.3 persons per household which is almost same with the district average of 4.5 but less than state average of 5 in 2011. The household size varies from one village to other from 4 to 5 persons per household. Almost 45.8 % of the houses in the Planning Area have two and three rooms. There are 29.1 % houses in the Planning Area with four to five rooms and 15.4 % houses have six and more rooms. Only 9.3 % houses are with one room and 0.7 % houses with no exclusive rooms. This indicates that per capita living space availability is sufficient in terms of number of rooms available in the Planning Area. 5.4 Housing Scenario: Regional Perspective in Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh has a rich tradition of vernacular architecture and building construction practise. The traditional dwelling has evolved over the ages and has been influenced by various factors such as climatic response to environment, cultural and social pattern, locally available construction materials etc. The building construction apart from the newer RCC framed building in larger towns, follows the traditional pattern of load bearing walls in burnt bricks, stone or sun dried clay blocks (adobe) with sloping roofs in high rainfall areas and flat roofs in the dry areas. The predominant materials used in the roof are thatch and reeds, tiles and shingle, metal and ac sheets roof along with the concrete slab roof at some places. The tough weather conditions and limited supply of building materials has resulted the usage of mud, stone and wood in varying degrees. Similarly, the seismic proneness led the traditional building technologies to adopt implementation of building stiffness through framed construction in timber, tying roof and walls, distribute load through many building systems. Kath-khuni is an indigenous building technique of Himachal Pradesh. This building practice of Himachal Pradesh reflects the region’s extreme terrain and climate along with its synthesis of material and environmental constraints with local socio-cultural beliefs and rituals. A typical house in Himachal Pradesh is built using kath-khuni construction technique and is usually two or three storey high. The lower floor is for the cattle and the upper floors are for residing, storing, and kitchen. They are made of local materials: deodar wood and slate stone. A plinth of stone gives each building a heavy foundation. Walls alternate layers of wood and stone, with an infill of rubble to close gaps. Often, as the construction proceeds vertically, the stone decreases, until ultimately the structural wall consists of wood frames stacked atop each other. The building is capped by a roof of slate shingles, each nailed to the wooden framework at a single pivot-point. The slate stones weigh down the structure against strong winds. Occasionally, a single carved stone projects out of at least one corner of the house, above the first intersection of timber beams. Kath-khuni construction requires neither highly skilled builders nor specialised tools, and can occur in stages as materials, labour and weather allow. The infill rubble traps air within the walls, retaining heat during cold winters and cooling interior spaces during the summer. It is also resilient to seismic forces, since wood and stone walls not only resist the racking forces of the earthquake, but are also configured to resist sliding or overturning. The interconnection of the walls, the floors and the roof make the building a single, solid, structural unit.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 40

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 5-3 Typical Kath-khuni Corner Junction in a house Source: Prathaa: Kath-khuni Architecture of Himachal Pradesh, B. Dave, J. Thakkar and M. Shah, SID Research Cell, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, January 2013

Figure 5-4 Typical Details of a Kath-Khuni House in Himachal Pradesh Source: Kath-khuni Architecture of Himachal Pradesh, www.slideshare.net 5.5 Housing Shortage and Housing Need The future housing requirement for Sundernagar Planning Area has been assessed considering both, the quantitative housing shortage and the qualitative housing shortage. The future household formation, including natural growth and in-migration have been considered, the current housing backlog as well the obsolescence component, have also been considered. The demand of housing in the year 2035 is calculated on the basis of projected population, household size and current housing shortage. The Sundernagar Development Plan 2035 proposes to facilitate the provision of a fully serviced dwelling unit for each family and reduce the gap between housing shortage and supply through innovative measures. For calculating the Housing Shortage and Need, it has been assumed that all the households have a habitable house in the Census year 2011.

Table 5-6 Projected Population and Housing Need Sl.No. Population (2011) 42,963 1 Total projected population till 2035 72,134 2 Total number of Households (Census 2011) 9,892 3 Household Size 4.3 4 Projected Households (2035) 16,608 5 Number of Temporary Houses (Census 2011) 59 6 Number of Dilapidated Houses (Census 2011) 188 7 Present Housing Shortage (No. of DUs) 247 8 Need of housing units till 2035 (No. of DUs) 6,716 9 Total Need 6,963

Table 5-7 Housing Need for Five Years Year Additional HH size Additional Natural Catering for the Total Housing Population HHs Housing Need Shortage Need

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 41

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Year Additional HH size Additional Natural Catering for the Total Housing Population HHs Housing Need Shortage Need 2015 3,843 4.3 885 885 247 1132 2020 5311 4.3 1223 1223 - 1223 2025 5939 4.3 1367 1367 - 1367 2030 6643 4.3 1530 1530 - 1530 2035 7435 4.3 1712 1712 - 1712 Total Housing Need till 2035 6,963 5.6 Informal Settlements and Urban Poor In Sundernagar Planning Area, there is only one urban area i.e. Sundernagar Town where the Urban Poor have been identified by the Urban Local Body, considering the above guidelines. There are 276 BPL families and 762 AAY families including the BPL families have been identified by the ULB that comprise of 3180 persons. Out of the total urban poor, 75 % is of SC category, 26 % is of general category and rest 0.16 % are of ST category. The identified families are dispersed all over Sundernagar town at thirteen different informal locations.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 42

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE This chapter provides a brief review of the prevalent state of infrastructure facilities in the planning area which will help in understanding the existing condition and gaps of infrastructure provisions. The objective is to assess the existing level of services like water supply, sewerage, sanitation, electricity etc. so that proposal can be made for improvement of the infrastructure facilities.

6.1 Introduction

Infrastructure is the basic requirement of urban life and its adequacy and accessibility are two important ingredients and key contributors in upgradation and enrichment of quality of life. Availability and adequacy of infrastructure services has a larger role in well-being of citizens. Infrastructure services act as a catalyst for development, which foster economic growth and enhance public well-being. Hence, provision of infrastructure is defined as a Basic Services, which any developed and developing town requires in order to sustain its growth and development. This chapter outlines the status of infrastructure facilities in the town. 6.2 Water Supply

6.2.1 General The main objective is to supply continuous (24 hours) water to the consumers with sufficient flow and pressure.  Develop strategies for improvement and utilization of existing water supply schemes for the potential demands and adequate supply of potable water in the region.  Reduction in wastage of water  To create awareness and responsibility for consumption of water  Ensure supply of adequate quantity of water of desired quality through a most desirable period of time of the day. Supply points should be located at close proximity to the households  Systems should function with minimum interruption and failures.  Existing system components to be utilized to the possible extent  Proposed system components to be suitable for sustained operation  Ensure construction ease  Consumer satisfaction to be given high priority  100 % metering with good quality meters having long life spans.  Provide better services to urban poor  Improve satisfaction for stakeholders 6.2.2 Project Users Project users for piped water supply are basically the communities who use it for the following functions-

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 43

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Domestic needs for households such as drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, flushing of toilets, etc.  Institutional needs (day/boarding schools and colleges, shops, markets, offices, hospitals, nursing homes and medical quarters, etc.  Tourism needs (hotels, restaurants, etc.)  Public purposes such as irrigation, religious places, airports, railway stations, bus stands  Commercial uses  Industrial uses  Fire-fighting through fire station and fire tender(s) 6.2.3 Existing Scenario The Irrigation and Public Health (I & PH) Department of Himachal Pradesh supply water to all the domestic and commercial establishments in Sundernagar Planning Area. Both Ground and surface water are the sources of potable supplied water in this area. Ground water is extracted by deep tube wells and then lifted to the Main storage tanks. From the Main Storage Tanks (MSTs), water is supplied to the Sub Storage Tanks (SSTs) through gravity. From the SSTs, the water is distributed throughout the Planning Area. Surface water is collected through Lift Water Supply Schemes from Streams, Rivers and Rivulets. The water is stored in the sump well and then directed to Treatment plants where water is treated through slow sand filter belt by sedimentation process. The treated water is stored in Main Storage Tanks (MSTs). As per Irrigation and Public Health Engineering department, circle Sundernagar, 3.81 MLD is supplied to all rural and urban settlements in the Planning Area. Out of the total water supplied (3.81 MLD) to the Planning Area, 81 % is from combined sources that includes surface and ground water both, 15 % is exclusively from ground water sources and rest 4 % is exclusively from surface water source. 6.2.3.1 Water Supply in Urban and Rural Areas As per Iand PH, Sundernagar and National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS), the average service level of water supply in rural areas is 53 lpcd and in urban areas it is 120 lpcd. As per the present water service level, 0.89 MLD water is distributed in the rural areas and rest 2.92 MLD is distributed in urban area in the Planning Area per day. There are 30 Water Supply Schemes operational in the Planning Area out of which, 20 schemes supply water to the rural areas. Rest ten water supply schemes are functional in the urban areas which supply water to the urban population. 6.2.3.1.1 Existing Locations of Potable Water Sources Out of the total households within Planning Area, 73.95% households have the drinking water facility within premise, 24.16 % have the drinking water source nearby the premise and rest 1.87 % have the drinking water sources away from the premise. Comparing with the district average, the Planning Area has more number of houses with drinking water source located within premise. The location of the drinking water sources should be inside the premise so that people do not need to travel in the hilly area for fetching water.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 44

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.2.4 Demand and Gap Estimation Parameters and norms adopted for the calculation of water demand for the base year, intermediate year and vision year are based on Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO) Manual. A water demand projection considering 2016 as base year and design year as 2035 is presented here. This long term projection is undertaken to evaluate the need for augmentation of water resources. The planning horizon for works identified under this study is 2035. Detailed population and water demand projections are therefore made for the base year 2016, intermediate year 2025 and ultimate year 2035. The water demand for domestic use is estimated per capita consumptions of 135 lt/day. Water demand is estimated using a per capita consumption of 45 LPCD for floating population. Non- Domestic and Tourist water demand are also considered as per CPHEEO Manual on Water Supply and Treatment. The fire requirement is computed based on the standards given in CPHEEO manual. 6.2.4.1 Water Demand for Planning Area As described above, all the population of different category are calculated. Following table shows the total water demand required in Planning area. The transmission and distribution losses are assumed to be 15 % of the total water demand. Based on this framework the estimated water demand for various activities in the planning area is given below. Table 6-1: Total Water Demand and Gap for 2035 Year Description 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 Total Population 46806 52117 58056 64699 72134 Total Domestic Water Demand 6.32 7.04 7.84 8.73 9.74 Non-domestic Demand 0.85 0.96 1.07 1.20 1.35 Tourist 388 492 662 891 1199 No. of beds 310 394 530 713 959 Tourist Demand 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.22 Floating Demand 0.50 0.56 0.62 0.70 0.78 Fire Demand @ 100√P 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.80 0.85 Water Demand 8.43 9.36 10.42 11.60 12.93 15 % losses 1.26 1.40 1.56 1.74 1.94 Total of Water Demand 9.69 10.77 11.98 13.34 14.87 Existing Supply 3.81 3.81 3.81 3.81 3.81 Gap 5.88 6.96 8.17 9.53 11.06 Source: Estimated as per CPHEEO Manual The total water demand for base year 2016, intermediate year 2025 and vision year 2035 is 9.69 MLD, 11.98 MLD and 14.87 MLD respectively. At present, water is supplied at the various rate i.e. 3.81 MLD which does not take into account the floating population and firefighting requirement. Hence to bridge the supply gap, water supply system need to be augmented to meet the water demand at different stages of development.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 45

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.2.5 Water Sources and Treatment Presently, Both Ground and surface water are the sources of potable supplied water in this area. The existing water sources can be used to meet water demand for the planning area. Presently, Existing water treatment plant is required to be augmented as per demand estimation.

Table 6-2: Water Treatment plant – Capacity Augmentation Year Description 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 Total Water Demand 9.69 10.77 11.98 13.34 14.87 WTP Capacity Required (MLD) 11.10 12.33 13.72 15.28 17.04 Existing WTP Capacity (MLD) 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 Augmentation required (MLD) 9.93 11.16 12.55 14.11 15.87 Source: Calculated as per CPHEEO Manual Since the work will be executed in a phased manner, augmentation of WTP at initial stage may be 12.55 MLD by the year 2025 and additional 3.35 MLD is required after 2025 as per demand. 6.2.6 Water Storage and Distribution

The water supply system has been proposed to be provided for 24X7. The service reservoirs will be provided at the highest elevation of the area, so that the water can be distributed by gravity for majority of the supply area. Planning area has been served by the transmission system from WTP and served by the elevated and/or ground level service reservoirs. As per information received from IPH, Sundernagar, present capacity of service reservoirs (MST and SST) is 9.37 ML. 6.2.7 Water Connections and Tariff Figure 6-1: Overhead Storage Tanks There are 4963 connections provided Source: Analysis Based On Primary Survey by the I & PH department inside the Municipal Boundary out of which 4541 are domestic connections, 181 are commercial and rest 241 are institutional connections. Out of the 241 institutional connections, 208 are domestic and rest 33 are commercial. Out of the total connections, 35 % connections are metered connections and rest are unmetered. The water tariff for the domestic metered connections is 10.41 rupees per KL and for commercial metered connections is 20.82 rupees per KL. For the unmetered connections in the MC area, the billing is done on the basis of assumption of average water supply of 15 KL/month to domestic connections and 30 KL/month to commercial connections. Water Utilities/Authorities shall adopt universal metering for consumers, bulk supply and transfer etc., of water for enabling measurement of system input and output and calculate the losses. The water utility/Local Body shall levy a meter rent (preferably as % of water consumption bill). Testing

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 46

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

and calibration of meter shall be responsibility of utility/ Local body, along with its repair and replacement. 6.2.8 Service Level Benchmarking Service level benchmarking have been formulated by the MoUD with a view to achieving all-round sustainability including environmental sustainability. In recognition of the fact that the planning area authority(s) framework may not met initially, a range of values has been suggested as per the table below for different services of sustainability.

Table 6-3: Service Level Benchmarking for Water Supply System (2016-2035) Ultimate Benchmark as Present Status Aim to be achieved Sl. No. Services per MoUD, GoI (%) in Long Term Guidelines (%) Coverage of Water Supply 1 100% 80% 100% connections Per Capita Supply of Water at 2 consumer end for residential 135 lpcd 86 lpcd 135 lpcd use 3 Extent of Non-Revenue Water 15% NA 15% 4 Extent of Metering 100% 67% 100% 5 Continuity of Water supplied 24 Hours NA 24 Hours Efficiency in redressal of 6 80% NA 80% customer complaints 7 Quality of Water Supplied 100% NA 100% 8 Cost Recovery 100% NA 100% Efficiency in collection of Water 9 90% NA 100% supply charges Source: Projections based on NMSH, MoUD, GoI, 2014 6.2.9 Development Strategies and Recommendation 6.2.9.1 Short Term Strategies  Water supply shall be on 24x7 for equity, effective metering and for best hygiene model of supply. Systems leaks and thefts can easily be revealed only with a 24x7 supply pattern.  Augmentation of Water Treatment Plant of 12.55 MLD  100% coverage  Proposal of new water reservoirs  Identification of new potential source  Replacement or Repair of distribution network system  Implementation of 100% Universal Consumer metering system  Illegal connections shall be identified through water audit and community participation.  The ‘free connections’ shall also be metered and regulated such as free supply up to a pre- determined quantity;  Streamlining of household connections as well as legalized connections  Awareness program for optimization of water use, recycling and recharging  Wherever the number of rainy days is high, rainwater storage and use systems shall be used. Incentives may be provided on the quantum of water consumption avoided from the organized water supply system  Introducing SCADA system to minimise water losses and theft

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 47

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Detailed Operation and Maintenance Programme 6.2.9.2 Long Term Strategies  Further augmentation of existing WTP to the capacities of 3.35 MLD required as per demand by 2035.  Use of Recycled water for meeting horticulture, air-conditioning, industrial cooling and other non-potable uses  Purchase of leak detection equipment and use should be last step in implementing the measures for reducing NRW  Implementation of Rain Water Harvesting scheme  Local sources of water such as lakes, ponds, springs shall be environmentally managed and used for water supply scheme  Mapping and digitization of water supply networks for distribution shall be done on continuous basis. Hydraulic modeling shall be adopted for rationalizing pipe networks and ensuring equitable pressure 6.3 Storm Water Drainage Network

6.3.1 Existing Storm Water Drainage System Sundernagar is situated 950 m above sea level in the Himalaya foothills. The Planning Area is a flat to rolling area (slope >20%) where provision of drainage is very important for draining out the storm water to near-by natural outlets to avoid water logging. The annual precipitation is in the range 950– 1600 mm, predominantly in the monsoon between June and September. The planning area is divided by the Suketi Khad. The Natural drainage system in the Planning Area forms by intersection of various small non- perennial Nalas and perennial Khads at right angles. This intersection of natural drains forms the rectangular drainage pattern in the Planning Area. Suketi Khad is the main trunk river in the Planning Area which flows parallel along the Western boundary of the Planning Area from north west to south west side. The Ghanghal khad joins the Suketi Khad at right angle near the Sewerage Treatment Plant. This is non-perennial Nala which is used for the disposal of the treated grey water from STP. There are various small nalas which flow parallel to the Ghanghal Khad and join Suketi khad at right angle.

Figure 6-2: Suketi Khad

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 48

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The planning area has storm water drainage network along the roads, maintained by the PWD. PWD maintains all hierarchy of roads like State Highways, Major District Roads, Village Roads which are made under PMGSY except the National Highways. The total road length in the Planning Area is 88.89km, out of which 47.4 km is the pucca roads and rest 12 km is the Kutcha roads. The entire stretch of the road has drainage system along one side of the road.

Figure 6-3: Drainage Status in Planning Area Source: Census of India, 2011 In Sundernagar MC, 76% area covered by close drainage network and 15% are by open drain, whereas 9% area are without any drainage facility. In the rural area, only 20% area are connected by closed drainage and 56% have open drainage network whereas 24% area do not have any type of drainage network. To evolve proper drainage system a Drainage Master Plan is needed to be prepared. 6.3.2 Storm Water Drainage Proposal As per the gap and deficiency identified, an integrated approach is required to cater the sustainable drainage solution. As an integrated approach, some of the drains will run alongside of the roads (Roadside Drains) and others may follow natural slope (Cross Drain). As per CPHEEO Manual on Sewage and sewage treatment, Clause 3.9 and its sub-clauses, Rainfall intensity calculated from monthly rainfall data of last 11 years comes out to be 81.85 mm/hr. considering once in 5 years as storm frequency and 30 minutes as Time of concentration. Rational method was used for computation of run-off, which is recommended for urban areas by CPHEEO– Drainage Design Manual.

Figure 6-4: Intensity-Duration Curve for Once in 5 years Storm Frequency Source: As per CPHEEO Manual

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 49

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The planning area is broadly divided into 77 catchments, which is further divided into smaller sub- catchments. All the major Catchments draining itself to major streams/water bodies. Key feature of the network is use of natural streams, to minimize the drain section. Several outfalls are proposed in order to enable safe conveyance of runoff discharge. The total runoff generated for entire study is 353.523 Cumecs. The drains will run along the roads, either one side or both side as per road camber. A typical drain laid under the footpath, will have vertical grills as part of the level-difference between the footpath and the carriageway. This arrangement is suitable to prevent blocking of the drains due to garbage and other waste being accumulated on the horizontal grills. Hence, kerb opening inlets are proposed at every 50 m interval to provide horizontal entry into the drain. Wherever roads width is very less and cannot accommodate Kerb Inlets, Perforated Cover Slabs are proposed at every 50 m interval. All the primary and secondary drains should be covered. These covers will protect the storm drains from disposal of garbage, debris, etc. and also may serve as walkway for pedestrian in narrow roads. Natural storm water should not have mixed with sewage/sullage and garbage. There is a need for provisions of restoration of rainwater for meeting the upcoming water demand for agriculture and other household purposes by upgrading the existing water bodies/ponds. It is also proposed to consider velocity breaker to reduce the scouring velocity during detail engineering of storm water drainage system. 6.3.3 Flood Management It is proposed to rejuvenate the rivers and study the existing detailed condition of culverts and bridges to improve their hydraulic capacity. There is a need to improve the natural drainage pattern by de-silting the natural drains and removing the blockages. The existing storm network along the roads needs to be strengthened in terms of coverage and capacity. A hydrology model should be developed and flood lines of 25 and 50 years need to mapped based on the modelling. 6.3.4 Rain Water Harvesting Long term water level declines as a result of injudicious exploitation of groundwater resource has lead to several vexing problems. Some of these problems are reduced well yields, low water level and leakage into the aquifer of highly mineralised water. In order to over-come these serious environmental implications, the recharge potential of groundwater resource has to be given utmost importance. Rain water harvesting is the technique of collection and storage of rain water at surface or in sub- surface aquifers, before it is lost as surface run-off. The augmented resource can be harvested in the time of need. Artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which the ground water reservoir is augmented at rate exceeding that under natural conditions of replenishment. For the economic design of drains, it is necessary to trap the rain water by rain water harvesting structures. 6.3.5 Service Level Benchmarking Service level benchmarking have been formulated by the MoUD with a view to achieving all-round sustainability including environmental sustainability. Following benchmarks have been suggested for the Planning Area.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 50

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 6-4: Service Level Benchmarking for Storm Water Drainage System (2016-2035) Ultimate Benchmark as Present Status Aim to be achieved Sl. No. Services per MoUD, GoI (%) in Long Term Guidelines (%) Coverage of storm water 1 100% 91% 100% drainage network 2 Incidence of water logging 0% NA 0% Source: Projections based on NMSH, MoUD, GoI, 2014 6.3.6 Development Strategies and Recommendation

 The goal of the surface water drainage proposals is to effectively manage urban watersheds to prevent flooding while promoting the conservation of water resources. The proposals are aimed at improving the overall water quality in the planning area and address the issue of non-point source pollution impacts on the storm water while meeting additional storm water generated by increase in impervious surfaces in the planning area.

 Storm water Drainage (SWD) system should designed as a separate system to carry storm water by gravity for the entire project area. Storm water drains are designed with a certain gradient, which will create a self-cleansing velocity, as these drains will carry storm water along with grit, silt and other impurities. All the primary storm water drains should be designed to have a capacity to carry the total discharge of all secondary and tertiary storm water drains.

 Regular and proper operation and maintenance of drainage facility is essential to function. It is also accepted that for quality maintenance of drainage system, optimum use of labour, equipment and material is required to keep the system in good condition, so that storm water is efficiently conveyed up to disposal point.  Existing nallahs running through the planning area should be improved to increase the efficiency of natural channels. Improvement works shall consist of desilting of channel, development of banks, improvement of side slopes, and development of green belt around the nallahs and provision of culverts at road crossings.

 Detailed Master Plan for Stormwater Drainage system and Flood Management is required for further detailed assessment and solution of drainage proposal. 1.4.3.1 Short Term Strategy  Channelization of flow, so minimize localized flooding  Desilting of all major drains  Providing drainage network in all wards where no drainage is available  Providing drainage system along all roads  RWH and recharge recommended to be made mandatory  Low lying areas, lakes and flood plains need to be identified and reserved for storing rain water for better environmental conditions  Detailed Operation and Maintenance Programme

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 51

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1.4.3.2 Long Term Strategy  Ground water recharge areas need to be delineated, mapped and protected  Detailed Master Plan for Stormwater Drainage system and Flood Management 6.4 Sewerage System

Availability of sufficient quantity of safe water is a basic requirement for survival of human beings. Water can be contaminated by several means. Due to the wide practice of septic tanks in habitations without collection systems, absence of appropriate necessary further downstream treatment, non- availability of supportive sullage management and absence of septage management, especially in relatively denser populations in peri-urban and land scarce areas, compounded by open defecation in rural settings in sandy soils, much of the shallow groundwater as well as surface water sources are contaminated by pathogens. The components of sewerage system are the house connection, conveyance network, pumping system, the treatment facility and the disposal strategy. The conveyance is by gravity and the treatment facility is located at the lowest point. The sewerage system should be a “separate system” which means the storm water to be taken care of by a separate drainage system and discharged directly into the outfall without treatment. The detailed assessment of the existing sewerage and sanitation system includes existing sewage generation, collection system, treatment, disposal of the waste water, and the existing institutional arrangement. Further, the section highlights the key issues is the sewerage and sanitation sector. 6.4.1 Existing Sewerage System Presently, only Sundernagar Municipal Council Area has centralised sewerage system in the entire Planning Area. As per Census of India, 2011, out of the total households in Sundernagar Municipality, 46 % are connected by the centralised sewerage network and 54% households have septic tanks. The sewerage system has been designed to serve the town till 2040 for a population projection of 83,854 including 3180 urban poor. 6.4.2 Proposal for Development The Planning Area needs to be developed with proper integrated sewage collection and treatment. As per topography of the planning area, augmentation of existing and new Sewerage Treatment Plants and Sewerage Pumping Stations to be required. An efficient sewerage and wastewater disposal system is of critical importance with respect to maintaining high standards of health and hygiene in the planning area. The sewerage system proposed for planning area aims at the provision of such a facility in a cost effective and organized manner, by establishing a hierarchical distribution of sewer networks in the urban landscape. The aim here is to regulate the diameter of the sewerage pipes, which is the costliest entity of the system, by establishing a distinct hierarchy in the collection system catering to its optimal needs. It is strongly recommended that the town planning agencies / authorities / ULB / metropolitan development authorities earmark adequate spaces for laying of sewer lines, construction of SPS and STP.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 52

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.4.3 Sewerage Demand and Gap Estimation Taking 80% of total water supply and 10% infiltration as per CPHEEO Manual on Sewage and Sewage Treatment, Clause 3.6 is considered for estimating Sewerage generation. Projected sewerage generation for the year 2035 will be 12.34 MLD and currently 3.50 MLD of sewage is being treated. There is a gap of 4.82 MLD and 9.46 MLD in treatment capacities of present and target years respectively.

Table 6-5: Sewerage Generation and Gap Year Description 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 Sewage Generation (MLD) 7.20 8.03 8.97 10.03 11.22 Total Sewage Generation including infiltration (MLD) 7.92 8.84 9.87 11.03 12.34 STP Capacity (MLD) 8.32 9.28 10.36 11.58 12.96 Existing STP Capacity (MLD) 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 Augmentation required (MLD) 4.82 5.78 6.86 8.08 9.46 Source : Estimation based on CPHEEO Manual The areas that are not served by piped sewer systems can adopt on-site systems. The treatment can be either on-site or off-site like in the case of septage management. These are interim measures till a decentralised or a full sewerage system is implemented. 6.4.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal As per the record, presently, a Sewerage Treatment Plant with a capacity of 3.50 MLD is serving the Municipal Council area in the Planning Area. The treated sewerage has two parts; one is the solid part which is known as the sludge and second is the liquid part which chlorinated properly and released. The sludge is dried up and then distributed among the villagers who use it as the manures in the agricultural fields. The liquid part is released to Suketi Khad and after treatment the I & PH department is setting up more purification tanks where the chlorinated water would be purified further and send it to the near-by agricultural fields by the elevated canals. The project is under process and would come to its shape within next year. The project has been initiated to promote recycling of water. The rural Households inside the Planning Area, use individual septic tank and pit latrine for sewage disposal. Treatment technology options which are less land intensive should be explored for the new plant like the Ecoline System. 6.4.4.1 Reuse options for Treated Wastewater The discharged water quality parameters after treatment should be in accordance with IS:10500. Possibilities of reuse of waste water shall needs to be incorporated in the detailed masterplan on sewerage system to reduce the burden on fresh water supply system. Treated water from STP should be recycled as per URDPFI Guidelines and sludge can be used as manure for agriculture and plantation. It should be aimed to achieve 100% coverage of sewerage connections to every household. 6.4.5 On-site Sewage and Treatment System Unlike off-site centralized treatment (sewerage), on-site sewage treatment features individual and distributed treatment. The on-site treatment system includes a wide range of facilities, such as a basic sanitation facility like a pit latrine, a simple sewage treatment system that consists of a septic

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 53

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

tank and a soak pit for anaerobic treatment, and an advanced facility like Johkasou that treats sewage by sophisticated methods. 6.4.6 Service Level Benchmarking Service level benchmarking have been formulated by the MoUD with a view to achieving all-round sustainability including environmental sustainability. Following benchmarks have been suggested for the Planning Area.

Table 6-6: Service Level Benchmarking for Sewerage and Sanitation (2016-2035) Ultimate Benchmark as Aim to be Present Status Sl. No. Services per MoUD, GoI achieved in (%) Guidelines (%) Long Term 1 Coverage of Toilets 100% 50% 100% Coverage of Sewerage 100% 22% 100% 2 Network Services in Planning area Collection Efficiency of 100% 22% 100% 3 Sewerage Network Adequacy of Sewage 100% NA 100% 4 Treatment capacity Quality of Sewage 100% NA 100% 5 Treatment Extent of reuse and 20% NA 20% 6 recycling of sewage Efficiency in redressal of 80% NA 80% 7 customer complaints Extent of cost recovery in 100% NA 100% 8 sewage management Efficiency in collection of 90% NA 90% 9 sewerage charges Source: NMSH, MoUD, GoI, 2014 6.4.7 Development Strategies and Recommendation Taking into account the expected sewerage load and its future implications, a detailed study needs to be carried out to decide upon the location and the treatment system of the new sewerage treatment plant. The following set of guidelines/ recommendations should be refered:

 Laying sewerage network lines to entire planning area  Sewage treatment needs to be carried out before disposal  The new treatment plant should be designed with provision for expansion to meet the requirements in the future  Treatment technology options which are land intensive should be explored for the new STP like Ecoline system  The sewerage treatment plants should not be located near ground water resources, in areas with high water percolation rate and in lands suitable for agricultural use  Provision of adequate public toilet complexes at public places and slums to ensure hygienic condition and environmental sanitation  Recycle and use of treated sewage  Access to sanitation facilities shall be universalised (100%) including urban poor settlements

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 54

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 All properties/ holdings should be connected to sewerage system  Sewerage system need not be the only sanitation system for liquid waste. Hence, Onsite sanitation systems shall be adopted for less dense settlements.  Sewerage charges shall be levied on the basis of water consumed and in the water bill itself. In case of no water supply, alternative methods of billing shall be used.  For on-site sanitation, periodic cleaning shall be ensured. ULB may provide the equipment at a fee and also for final disposal, depending on the type of on-site treatment involved.  On-site packaged treatment units may be used to treat grey water, black water or a combination, depending on the user choice.  Using a combination of on-site and off-site sewerage / sanitation systems for waste water / sewage, 100% treatment shall be ensured, for environmental protection and sustainability.  It is suggested that Sewage Management Rules, similar to Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules may be framed and notified under the EPA and Water Pollution Acts etc., in order to consolidate provisions under different Acts/Rules/Notifications and to focus attention on Sewage Management issues. Guidelines/Standards for Septage management and Reuse of Treated Wastewater have to be formulated.  Supply of treated wastewater to industrial and other consumers shall be explored. 6.5 Solid Waste Management

Presently, there is no solid waste management system in the Planning Area except in the Sundernagar Municipal Council. The solid waste is burnt or dumped in the ground in a regular interval in the rural areas whereas in urban area, the solid waste is collected and disposed at the landfill site. 6.5.1 Existing Waste Management in Sundernagar Municipal Council Area Waste generation in the MC area is 0.45 kg per day per capita. Presently, the solid waste generation in the Sundernagar Municipal Area is 11 MT out of which only 6.6 MT is collected daily by door to door collection method and then transported to the Landfill site at Chandpur which is 2 km away from the Sundernagar Town. The present solid waste collection efficiency is 60 % which is carried out by seventeen sanitation employees (safai karamcharis). There are 46 garbage containers in the MC area where the domestic waste is disposed. The waste is lifted from the garbage bins by various vehicles like the Dumper Placer (2.8 MT), Tipper (1.8 MT) and Small and Big Tractors (2.0 MT). The lifted waste is then transported by eight Lorries to Chandpur Landfill and disposed there. The disposal site is not being used as a scientific landfill site and it’s more of a sanitary landfill site. The area of the landfill site is 4045 sq. m. which is 245 sq. m. less as per the guidelines. If it is assumed that the collection efficiency of MC would be improved by 100 %, additional 3105 sq. m. area would be required for the disposal of solid waste. Out of the total generated solid waste in the MC area, 90 % of the volume is domestic waste, 8 % is commercial waste and rest 2 % is the inert waste. 6.5.2 Existing Waste Management in Rural Areas There is no solid waste management system in the rural areas of the Planning area. The waste generate from the household are disposed near the house and later burnt in a regular interval.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 55

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

According to the census of India 2011, 18619 people are residing in the rural areas who generate 5.58 MT waste per day (considering 0.3 kg/capita/day waste generation). Proper solid waste management system should be enforced in the rural areas within the Planning Area. For disposal of 5.58 MT of waste, 3627 sq. m. of landfill area is required.

Figure 6-5: Waste Dumping in the Municipal Area (Near BBMB Colony) Source: Primary Survey 6.5.3 Bio Medical Waste Management According to Bio Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998, each state government shall be required to establish a prescribed authority for bio medical waste management. The biomedical waste generated from the Civil Hospital of Sundernagar is disposed under Common Bio- Medical Waste Treatment Facility Plan by Enviro-Engineers which is located at Kullu. It has an incinerator of 70 kg. /day capacity. It caters to the entire Bilaspur and Mandi district. The annual bio- medical waste generation in the civil hospital is 5.7 MT in Sundernagar Civil hospital. Out of the total waste, 33% is anatomical Waste, 28% is Sharp waste, 15% is infected waste and rest 24% is non- infected solid waste.

Table 6-7: Existing Waste Generation in Sundernagar Planning Area Sl. No. Category Amount Generate (Kg) Types of Waste 1 Category 1 1867 Anatomical Waste 2 Category 4 1563 Sharp Waste 3 Category 6 839 Infected Waste 4 Category 7 1382 Non-infected Solid Waste 5 Total 5651 All type of waste Source : Primary Data 6.5.4 Projected SWM Generation and Gap Assessment The number of waste generating inhabitants as well as collection is assumed to rise to a higher percentage of the total population. With passing time as a consequence of ameliorated collection systems the percentages are due to rise in coverage from 48 % in 2016 to 100 % in 2035 which leads to increase in daily waste production from 14.24 ton/day to 37.95 ton/day and accumulated daily waste production from 14.24 ton/day to 121.61 ton/day. The table below gives estimated solid waste generated in the planning area at the end of the plan period (2035) and the estimated waste reaching the land fill site.

Table 6-8: Solid Waste Generation and Treatment Gap Sl. No. Description 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 Population including floating 1 58311 65023 72587 81090 90661 population and tourist 2 Annual Solid Waste Generation 14.24 17.16 20.43 31.83 37.95

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 56

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Sl. No. Description 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 (tons/day) Annual Accumulated Solid Waste 3 14.24 31.39 51.83 83.66 121.61 Generation (tons/day) 4 Existing Treatment Facility (tons) 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 5 Gap (tons) 3.24 6.16 9.43 20.83 26.95 Source : As per CPHEEO Manual on SWM If calculated with the adapted standard of capita per day generation rate of 0.45 kg per capita per day generated by core population and 0.15 kg per floating and tourist per day and if the collected solid waste generating inhabitants is 1.33 % of the total population in 2035 then the quantity of SW generated and collected should be around 37.95 ton daily (2035) considering population growth rate of 1.33 %. Accumulated quantities of SWM in the year 2035 will be around 121.61 tons /day. 6.5.5 Framework for Solid Waste Disposal and Treatment The horizon period of 2035, the main goal for solid waste management is to 100 % management of solid wastes with proper segregation, appropriate treatment and sustainable development. The Planning Area has been proposed for the integrated waste management in Mandi District by Directorate of Urban development, Shimla. The Sundernagar Cluster includes three other major settlements except Sundernagar town in Mandi district i.e. Mandi Town, Ner Chowk and Rewalsar. The waste generation in the Sundernagar cluster in 2016 is 28.93 Ton per day.

Figure 6-6: Settlements in Sundernagar Cluster Source: Based on the information received from Sundernagar MC, Mandi

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 57

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 6-9 Waste Generation in Sundernagar Cluster Settlements Waste Generation (in Ton) Mandi (MC) 13.08 Sundernagar (MC) 14.24 Ner Chowk 1.01 Rewalsar 0.60 Total 28.93 Source: Based on the information received from Sundernagar MC, Mandi and projected SWM generation Different coloured bins to be provided for the ease of segregation at the source and collection point. The cluster would be provided with underground waste bins at 100 m distance to promote underground waste collection system. The location of the bins would be mapped on GIS and web- based monitoring system would facilitate the transportation of the waste to the landfill site. 6.5.6 Service Level Benchmarking The table below explains the impact of the implementation on the service level benchmarks of Solid Waste Management of the planning area.

Table 6-10: Service Level Benchmarking for Solid Waste Management (2016-2035) Aim to be Sl. Ultimate Benchmark as per Present Status Services achieved in No. MoUD, GoI Guidelines (%) (%) Long Term Household level coverage of SWM 1 services through door-to-door 100 48 100% collection of waste 2 Collection Efficiency of Solid waste 100 60 100% 3 Extent of segregation of waste 100 0 100% 4 Extent of MSW Recovered 80 0 100% Extent of scientific disposal of waste of 5 100 0 100% landfill sites Efficiency in redressal of customer 6 80 0 80% complaints Extent of cost recovery for 7 ULB/NP/Authorized agency in SWM 100 0 100% services 8 Efficiency in collection of SWM charges 90 0 90% Efficiency of door-to-door collection 9 and transportation of household waste 100% 0 100% to the landfill sites Treatment and disposal of bio- 10 100% 0 100% degradable waste Identification of land for recycling, 11 treatment and disposal of MSW for the 100% 0% 100% next 30 years Leachate collection and treatment 12 100% 0% 100% from landfill 13 Bioremediation of existing landfill 100% 0% 100% 14 Road sweeping efficiency 100% 0% 100% Collection and transportation of road 15 100% 0% 100% sweepings to the landfills Recycling of construction and 16 100% 0% 100% demolished waste Source: Projections based on NMSH, MoUD, GoI, 2014

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 58

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.5.7 Way forward for Solid Waste Management (2016 - 2035) The target period of 2035, the main goal for solid waste management is to 100% management of solid wastes with proper segregation and treatment. A plot of land with area of about 10 acres is required for landfill, considering solid waste projections for the year 2035. Based on the norms established by the CPHEEO and MoEF, the landfill sites should include a buffer of 100m around each. The buffer area will be under thick vegetation. Adequate manpower is essential for maintain all these facilities. Integrated Waste Management system should be implemented in a planned manner. 6.6 Power

6.6.1 Existing Situation The power supply of Sundernagar town is being managed from 2X25/31.5 MVA, 132/33 kV, Kangoo substation which is 16 km (ckM) away from 33/22/11kV Sundernagar Substation and 2X25/31.5 MVA, 132/33 kV, Bijni substation which is 25 km (ckM) away from 33/22/11kV Sundernagar Substation. The other available power source is Kangoo Substation with 1X80/100 MVA, 220/132 kV. The available power transformer capacity in the Sundernagar Substation is 3X6.3 MVA at 33/11 kV voltage level and (2x2.5+1x3.15) MVA at 33/22 kV voltage level. Sundernagar Substation have 3nos 22 kV outgoing feeder and 9 nos 11 kV outgoing feeder and out of 9 nos 11 kV feeders 4 nos. 11 kV feeder provide the power supply to BBMB colony and 5nos. 11 kV feeder feed the rural and urban areas. The maximum demand of the Sundernager Substation reached 20.89 MVA in 2016. Hydroelectricity is the main source of power supply for HPSEB as well as HPSEB exports power through major transmission lines to various parts in India. Based on the information collected during site visits, it is found that two no’s 22 kV feeder and Six no's. 11 kV feeder, emanating from 33/22/11 kV Substation feeding the project area. The details of existing power infrastructures are as follows-

Table 6-11 Existing Power Distribution in Sundernagar Planning Area A. Basic Information Particular Unit Details Name of the Project Area Sundernagar District Mandi Total Number of Consumers No. *Not Available Total Population (as per 2011 census) No. 42963 B. Asset Information Particular Unit Details Total Number of 33/22/11 kV Sub-stations Numbers 1 feeding the Project Area Number and capacity of 33/22kV Power Numbers x MVA (2x2.5+1x3.15) Transformers Number and capacity of 33/11kV Power Numbers x MVA (3x6.3) Transformers Total Number 22 kV Feeders feeding the Numbers 2 Project Area Total Number 11 kV Feeders feeding the Numbers 6 Project Area Total Length of 22and 11 kV Feeders km *Not Available Total Number of Distribution Numbers 104 Transformers in project area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 59

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Total Capacity of Distribution MVA 16.76 Transformers feeding the project area Total No’s of Road Lighting Poles Numbers 1875 C. Commercial Information Particulars FY (2012-13) FY (2013-14) FY (2014- 15) TandD Losses % 25.77% 19.42% 23.16% Source: Proposed based on Primary Data Collection 6.6.2 Details of Existing Distribution Transformers (Feeder Wise)

Table 6-12 Details of Existing Distribution Transformers (Feeder Wise) in Sundernagar Planning Area Substation Name 33/22/11 kV Sundernagar Substation Year (2016 - 2035) Additional Demand Rating of Max Location of DT due to Load DT Demand Anticipated Max. Demand DT No. Growth for 5yrs at the end of horizon year

Name of Dist. SS kVA kVA kVA kVA A 22kV Bahal Feeder 1 Mahadev 100 80 16 96 2 Sangrila 63 50 10 60 3 Bharjwanoo 25 20 4 24 4 Subji Mandi 100 80 16 96 5 Dhauotu-I 250 200 40 240 6 Dhauotu-II 63 50 10 60 7 Naghwan 25 20 4 24 8 Naulakha III 63 50 10 60 9 Ghori Chowk 25 20 4 24 10 Naulakha II 100 80 16 96 11 Naulakha I 100 80 16 96 12 ONGC Naulkha 250 200 40 240 13 Jughan 100 80 16 96 14 Katli 25 20 4 24 15 Katli II 63 50 10 60 16 Chatter 100 80 16 96 17 LIS Chatter 100 80 16 96 18 LWSS Katli 63 50 10 60 19 Uttam Flower Mill 250 200 40 240 20 Sai 200 160 32 192 21 Sai Bhardwan 250 200 40 240 22 Sirda College 100 80 16 96 23 Tarot 250 200 40 240 24 Kanaid II 63 50 10 60 25 Tarot 25 20 4 24 26 Kanaid I 200 160 32 192 27 GHV India 100 80 16 96 28 LIS Rakkar 63 50 10 60 29 Hallel 250 200 40 240 30 Bhoxri 250 200 40 240

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 60

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Substation Name 33/22/11 kV Sundernagar Substation Year (2016 - 2035) Additional Demand Rating of Max Location of DT due to Load DT Demand Anticipated Max. Demand DT No. Growth for 5yrs at the end of horizon year

Name of Dist. SS kVA kVA kVA kVA 31 LIS Bhoxri 250 200 40 240 32 Nakki 63 50 10 60 33 Dadour 63 50 10 60 34 LIS Pump House 250 200 40 240 35 Crusner 63 50 10 60 36 Reliance 63 50 10 60 37 Doordarshan 25 20 4 24 38 Kalahod II 100 80 16 96 39 Kalahod I 100 80 16 96 40 Dodhwan 63 50 10 60 41 Derdu 25 20 4 24 B 11kV Jain Irrigation Feeder 42 Phaggohra 25 20 4 24 43 Dnanesari 100 80 16 96 44 LIS Pump House 250 200 40 240 45 Jain Irrigation 400 320 64 384 46 Jain Irrigation 630 504 101 605 47 Phaggohra II 25 20 4 24 48 Bhone Katli 25 20 4 24 C 11kV BSNL Feeder 49 Bharjwanoo BSNL 400 320 64 384 50 Ropa BSNL 100 80 16 96 51 Purana Bazar BSNL 250 200 40 240 D 11kV S-2 Feeder 52 Bhojpur Ist SNR-2 630 504 101 605 53 Cinema Chowk 250 200 40 240 SNR-2 54 Ambedkar Nagar 400 320 64 384 55 Bus Stand SNR-2 400 320 64 384 E 11kV S-1 Feeder 56 Changer SNR 250 200 40 240 57 Bahol SNR-1 250 200 40 240 58 Bhojpur IInd SNR-1 250 200 40 240 F 22kV Jaidevi Feeder 59 Mahadev Store 63 50 10 60 60 Mahadev IV 25 20 4 24 61 Mahadev I 250 200 40 240 62 LWSS Mahadev 25 20 4 24 63 Jakhera 25 20 4 24 64 Mahadev III 100 80 16 96 65 Mahadev II 100 80 16 96 66 Khatrawari 25 20 4 24

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 61

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Substation Name 33/22/11 kV Sundernagar Substation Year (2016 - 2035) Additional Demand Rating of Max Location of DT due to Load DT Demand Anticipated Max. Demand DT No. Growth for 5yrs at the end of horizon year

Name of Dist. SS kVA kVA kVA kVA 67 Jangambay-I 250 200 40 240 68 Bharazi 25 20 4 24 69 Jangambay-II 100 80 16 96 70 Jangambay-III 25 20 4 24 71 LWSS Chambi 100 80 16 96 72 Kangar I 63 50 10 60 73 Kangar II 63 50 10 60 74 Kangar III 25 20 4 24 75 Chaukha 63 50 10 60 76 Harabag I 100 80 16 96 77 Harabag II 25 20 4 24 78 Talsai 25 20 4 24 79 Aru Kothi I 100 80 16 96 80 Baila I 25 20 4 24 81 Baila II 25 20 4 24 82 Roperi I 100 80 16 96 83 Roperi II 63 50 10 60 84 BSNL exchange 100 80 16 96 G 11kV Sundernagar BBMB Township Double Feeder 85 Power House 500 400 80 480 86 S-1 500 400 80 480 87 Hospital Chowk 500 400 80 480 88 S-4 500 400 80 480 89 Post office 500 400 80 480 90 Recreation Center 500 400 80 480 91 Workshop 500 400 80 480 92 Water Works 300 240 48 288 93 Post office 250 200 40 240 94 Pungh 250 200 40 240 95 Dhobi Ghat 200 160 32 192 96 Ropa Tail Control 200 160 32 192 97 Recreation Center 200 160 32 192 98 Dredger 200 160 32 192 99 Power House 100 80 16 96 100 Hara Bagh 100 80 16 96 101 Rest Camp Baggi 100 80 16 96 102 Kansa Complex 50 40 8 48 103 Silejector 50 40 8 48 104 Seweage Plan 50 40 8 48 Total 16756 13405 2681 16086 Source: Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 62

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.6.3 Electricity Demand Forecasting Load forecast is the first stage in planning any power system. It serves as an input for the most critical areas of the power system planning namely, generation, transmission, and distribution planning and tariff setting. The aim of load forecast study is to provide a comparative between the projected Peak Demand Load and projected Energy Consumption for the next 20 years. This load forecasting study will help to propose generation, transmission and distribution expansion programs on the basis of economic activities and population growth at Sundernagar planning area. After analyzing the data, it is found that the key factors which can affect the load forecast for the Sundernagar planning area for the next twenty years are as follows:

 Estimation of suppressed demand  High level of unmetered sale

 High transmission and distribution losses

 Availability and Reliability of historical data In this study, the settlements have been categorized based on population and urbanization level. The per-capita or per-household electricity consumption will vary from one type to another depending on the population growth and the expected future development in each type. 6.6.4 Electricity Demand Forecasting Objective The following provisions have been made in the scheme- 1. Improvement of existing system for better service, quality and reduction in the transmission and distribution. 2. Long term planning has been incorporated to enable the existing system to sustain the load growth for the next twenty years (up to 2035). 6.6.5 General Approach and Methodology for Load Forecasting There is an array of methods/approaches that are available for load forecasting starting from simple trend approach to more sophisticated techniques such as econometric and end use techniques. The application of each approach depends on the nature of load, historical data availability and level of detail of the load forecast. 6.6.6 Future Load Growth with Selected Approach The selection of the most suitable method for load forecasting is based on the characteristic of the power system, availability of historical data and proper assessment of objectives of the scheme. As discussed in the previous sections, largest constraint in load forecasting for Sundernagar planning area is the availability and reliability of the requisite data. Therefore, distribution transformer / feeder wise historical growth rate of power consumption for mix type load (domestic, commercial and industrial etc.) considered and considering the anticipated load growth is of 5 % per annum. The aim of load forecast study is to provide a comparative between the existing peak demand Load and projected Peak Demand Load for the next 20 years. This load forecasting study will help to propose electrical infrastructure on the basis of propose development plan.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 63

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6.6.7 Expansion Proposal Based upon the cumulative power usages growth rate as describe in section 6.6.1, the projected load forecasting of the Sundernagar planning area over the next 20years is given below table:

Table 6-13 Projected Load Forecasting of Sundernagar Town over the next 20 years Years 2016 -2021 2021 - 2026 2026 - 2031 2031 - 2035 Power Demand (MW) 14.48 17.37 20.85 25.02 Source: Proposed based on Power Analysis The estimated power requirement of Sundernagar planning area till 2035 is 25.02 MW. But as per the data received from HPSEBL, the total capacity of primary 33/22/11 kV substation is 27.05 MVA (also provide the power supply to sundernagar area other than planning area) and secondary distribution transformers capacity is 16,756 kVA in the planning area. To meet the additional power requirement till 2035, the addition of new 33/11 kV Substation, addition and augmentation of secondary substation with addition/bifurcation/upgradation of subsequent distribution networks shall be required in Sundernagar planning area. In order to keep the utility abreast of the desired reforms and re-structuring, its Distribution system is being revamped by bifurcation/trifurcation of such feeders. 6.6.8 Planning Criteria The power infrastructure development of Sundernagar planning area is proposed with HVDS system by extension of 22kV and 11kV Network and potential reduction in Low Voltage Network. For implementation of HVDS system, new 22 kV and 11 kV feeder will be created including augmentation and bifurcation of existing 22 kV and 11 kV feeders to improve the quality of power supply and Reduction in distribution losses. All the consumers are to be feed through energy meters which is Rs 485 enabled, with a futuristic view for implementation of SCADA. The planning has been optimized to minimize the overall cost. This optimization considers the numbers of circuits requirement, it`s capacity of distribution and also the location, timing and additional capacity of the proposed network during operation. The optimization includes an assessment of cost for OH distribution network considering the impact of projected load growth. The following critical areas also need to be attended for improve the energy efficiency.  Introduction of energy audits and design of energy efficient buildings

 AT&C losses reduction  Load management techniques and energy accounting

 Promotion of new and renewable sources of energy

 Replacement of low efficiency incandescent lamp with CFL/LED. 6.6.9 Design Assumption i. The design and related documents based on the concept development plan of 2557.43 Ha’ area. ii. For Load forecasting, considering all the Distribution transformers in the planning area is 80 % loaded. iii. Considering the 5 % annual load growth to calculate the total power demand of the planning area for next 20 years.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 64

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

iv. Power factor to be achieved is 0.9. 6.6.10 External Illumination System 6.6.10.1 Existing External Road Lighting details As per data received from Municipality of Sundernagar, town area has insufficient street lights both the major roads and access roads. There are 1875 street lights installed in Sundernagar Municipal Council area. Out of the total number of street lights, 52 % are FT Lights, 5 % are HPSV Lamps, 42 % CF Lamps and 1 % are LED Lamps. The street lights are equally distributed within the Municipality boundary along the NH 21, SH 13 and other urban roads. The installed load of the street lights is 130.5 KW. The operation and maintenance of road lighting is taken care by the Municipal Council. The details of existing road lighting in Sundernagar town area as given below-

Table 6-14 Status of Existing Road Lightings Type of Lights Switching Points Installed Load S.No. (Circuit Details) FTL HPSVL MVL CFL LED in kW (40W) (250W) (125W) (85W) (40W) 1 SL-1-1/1 at Bhojpur 215 14 1 129 0 23.19 2 SL-1-1/2 at Bus Stand 19 2 0 16 0 2.62 3 SL-1-1/3 at Banaik 130 4 0 81 0 13.09 4 SL-2-2/1 at Purana 62 14 0 98 0 14.31 Bazar 5 SL-2-2/2 at Purana 80 14 1 79 0 13.54 Bazar 6 SL-3-3/1 at Kulara 34 1 0 26 0 3.82 7 SL-3-3/2 at Bari 30 4 0 22 0 4.07 8 SL-4-4/1 at 58 3 1 46 0 7.11 Rashmain-1 9 SL-4-4/2 at 54 3 1 64 0 8.48 Rashmain-2 10 SL-4-4/3 at 100 2 0 60 0 9.6 Chatrokhar 11 SL-4-4/4 at Hospital 70 12 0 55 0 10.48 Chouk-1 12 SL-4-4/5 at Hospital 44 5 1 33 0 5.94 Chouk-2 13 SL-5 at Tunahi 16 0 0 16 0 2 14 SL-6 at Sagi 25 1 0 33 0 4.06 15 SL-7 at Bahot 28 6 1 31 0 5.38 16 SL-8 at Jawahar Park 0 8 0 0 0 2 17 LED 0 0 0 0 22 0.88 Total 965 93 6 789 22 130.55 Source: Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd.

6.6.10.2 Proposed Road Lighting details a) Roads of the development area shall generally cater to-

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 65

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

b) Movement of goods, persons through vehicles including cyclist/pedestrian. c) Basic requirement of road, green area and periphery lighting proposed be as follows: d) Adequate level of illuminations for vehicles/cyclist e) Uniform illumination level over carriage way with minimum glare f) Safety of movement g) Minimum disturbance during fog/dust conditions h) Use of high efficiency lighting fixtures with high lumen output and low power consumption i) Beautification and pleasing view j) The Street lighting should be provided with LED luminaries on decorative street lighting poles. Table 6-15 Technical Details of Road Lighting System S.No. Description 18 m Wide Road 15 m Wide Road 1 Area of Installation Mixed Mixed 2 Pole Mounting detail Single arm pole on single side Single arm pole on single side of the road. of the road. 3 Lighting Fixture 1 x 72W, LED Light 1 x 65W, LED Light 4 Mounting height 8m 7m 5 Spacing 25m 25m Source: Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd. 6.7 Telecommunication System

The implementation of Telecommunication system is very important for any development and its usage has become a necessity these days. As such telecommunication network is proposed to be provided in a manner so as to have connectivity by different service providers. Consumer can select the services of telecom service provider according to good quality of network for providing these data and tele communication facilities. Telecom Services today are of the following types-

 Landline operations requiring a telecom cable and junction box space in utility corridor

 Wireless services on GSM / CDMA platform requiring tower at stipulated radii  Broad band Services requiring a cable corridor and distribution chambers

 Short Coverage Wi-Fi networks To achieve it, Optical fiber cables are used to provide and connect various service providers for telecom as well as broadband services to the users through the optical fiber network. To run the cabling, the provision for laying the conduit and chamber in front of all the plots has been proposed in ROW planning. 6.8 Block Cost Table 6-16 Block Cost of the Power Infrastructure Development in Sundernagar Planning Area Sl. Particulars Unit Rate (Rs) Total Development Works Cost No. Total Amount (Rs.) Quantity 1 Construction of New 33/11 kV L.S 3,86,29,450.00 1 3,86,29,450.00

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 66

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Substation 2 2 2kV and 11 kV OH Network km 3,81,145.00 8.00 30,49,160.00 (renovation, modernization and upgradation) 3 New 22 kV and 11 kV OH Network km 6,02,557.00 8.54 51,48,247.01 4 L.V Network with Pole Mounted km 9,18,298.00 13.24 1,21,53,857.69 Distribution Transformers 5(a) Street lighting on the New Road km 5,00,000.00 10.68 53,40,000.00 Lighting Pole 5(b) Street lighting on the existing OH km 2,25,000.00 39.81 89,57,250.00 Infrastructure 6 Telecommunications / Data km 2,50,000.00 18.85 47,11,250.00 Network Conduiting Total 7,79,89,215 Say 7.80 Cr. Source: Proposed based on Standard Schedule of Electricity Rates - Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd. rates

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 67

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 6-17 Phase Wise Block Cost of the Power Infrastructure Development in Sundernagar Planning Area Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Phase-IV Sl. Particulars Unit Rate (Rs) Amount Amount Amount No. Quantity Quantity Quantity Amount (Rs.) Quantity (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) Construction of New 1 L.S 3,86,29,450.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 1 3,86,29,450.00 0.0 0.00 33/11kV Substation 22kV and 11kV OH Network (renovation, 2 modernization and km 3,81,145.00 4.00 15,24,580.00 2.00 7,62,290.00 1.00 3,81,145.00 1.00 3,81,145.00 upgradation) New 22kV and 11kV OH 3 km 6,02,557.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 5.34 32,17,654.38 3.20 19,30,592.63 Network L.V Network with Pole 4 Mounted Distribution km 9,18,298.00 3.20 29,38,553.60 1.60 14,69,276.80 5.07 46,57,607.46 3.36 30,88,419.83 Transformers Street lighting on the New 5(a) Road Lighting Pole km 5,00,000.00 0.0 0.00 2.07 10,33,500.00 8.61 43,06,500.00 0.00 0.00

Street lighting on the 5(b) existing OH Infrastructure km 2,25,000.00 3.20 7,20,000.00 11.40 25,64,100.00 11.75 26,42,850.00 13.47 30,30,300.00

Telecommunications / 6 Data Network Conduiting km 2,50,000.00 3.77 9,42,250.00 3.77 9,42,250.00 7.54 18,84,500.00 3.77 9,42,250.00

Total 61,25,383.60 67,71,416.80 5,57,19,706.84 93,72,707.46 Say 61.25 Lac. 67.71 Lac. 5.57 Cr. 93.73 Lac. Source: Proposed based on Standard Schedule of Electricity Rates - Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd. rates

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 68

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Social infrastructure is a subset of the infrastructure sector which includes assets that accommodate social services. It includes educational facilities, healthcare facilities and related infrastructure, post office and telegraph services, recreational facilities, socio-cultural and public and semi-public facilities. This chapter assesses the existing gaps and estimates the future requirement of social infrastructure facilities for the planning area. 7.1 Educational Facilities

In Sundernagar Planning Area, 68 % of the schools are run by the government and remaining 32% schools are run by private authorities. It is also found that the distribution of primary education facility is more in rural areas and that of secondary and senior-secondary schools are concentrated more in urban area i.e. Sundernagar town in the Planning Area. Some of the villages have two or less number of schools such as Bharjwanoo, Derdu, Thala and Chamukha. Majority of the senior secondary schools are located either in Sundernagar town or Kanaid. In terms of secondary education, children residing in villages, namely Bhaur, Bharjwanoo and Mahadev have to commute 5 to 10 km to avail secondary education at Sundernagar. In context of higher education, there is a Himachal Pradesh Government affiliated and recognised by University Grants Commission- i. Maharaja Lakshman Sen Memorial College which is located in Sundernagar. It is an Arts, Science and Commerce college offering Bachelors and Master Degree programs. ii. Sanskrit College which was established in 1923 and is known for providing education in Sanskrit is known as Government Sanskrit College which is located in Purana Bazar in Sundernagar. iii. Polytechnic Colleges both government and private i.e. Government Polytechnic College and Dreamz Polytechnic College respectively which provides technical education and engineering. iv. Jawaharlal Nehru Government College is a government run engineering college located within Sundernagar town v. Himachal Dental College is a private college in Sundernagar providing degree in dental studies. vi. Dreamz College of Pharmacy and Adarsh Institute of Management and Technology are also colleges in Sundernagar providing technical education. Besides this, there is private run Vocational College situated in Sundernagar. vii. Himachal Pradesh Forestry Training Institute in Sundernagar is also one of the two such institute in the state. It was established in September, 1993 for training Front Line staff (FLS) of Forest Department in forestry and related disciplines. All these colleges draw students from all over the Himachal State as Sundernagar is considered as Educational Hub of Himachal Pradesh state. Apart from the above mentioned colleges, IIT Mandi, an Institute of National Importance, is situated at Mandi, 23 km away from Sundernagar.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 69

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The Planning area has sufficient education facilities to cater the present need of the town. The additional requirement for future population are based on the URDPFI 2015 guidelines and the assumption that since the Planning area will develop as a regional hub for education facilities, provision has to be made to cater to the regional demand. Zone wise identification of infrastructure gap and distribution of proposed educational facilities is calculated based on the projected population for the year 2035. There is requirement for fourteen Pre-Primary School in Urban Area and eight in Rural areas. Primary and Senior Secondary School are sufficient in the planning area to cater present as well as the future needs. The higher educational facilities like Colleges and Professional Colleges would be distributed and provided in the proposed institutional zones.

Table 7-1: Future Demand for Educational Institutes Facilities Urban Rural Total E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) Pre-Primary School 4 14 1.4 3 8 0.8 7 22 2.2 Primary School 22 0 - 25 0 47 0 - Senior Secondary 5 0 - 5 0 - 10 0 - School College 7 0 - 0 0 - 7 0 - Professional colleges 5 0 - 0 0 - 5 0 - Total 1.4 0.8 2.2 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required

7.2 Healthcare Facilities There are 7 dispensaries in Sundernagar Planning Area. Villages, namely, Chhatar, Bhaur, Kanaid, Chowk, Mahadev and Kalahod have a dispensary within the village. There is one Family welfare center and one Maternity Home in Urban area of Sundernagar Planning Area. Also two Primary Health Centers are there in rural area. There are in total four hospitals in the Planning Area and five veterinary hospitals in the Planning Area located at Sundernagar, Bhaur, Kanaid, Mahadev and Derdu. With the increase in population and growth of town, there is a great need to make available sufficient health facilities to the inhabitants of the Planning area. The additional requirement for health facilities has been based on the URDPFI Guidelines. The existing and proposed health facilities has been listed in Table 7-2. Zone wise identification of infrastructure gap and distribution of proposed healthcare facilities is estimated based on the projected population for the year 2035. There is a requirement of twenty-two additional dispensaries in Urban and Rural Areas. As per the Guidelines Eight Family Welfare Center, two Maternity Home and three Nursing Homes are required in Urban Areas. Presently there are no Health Sub Centers available in the Planning area and there is a requirement of atleast nine centers distributed evenly in the Rural Area. The distribution of hospitals in the planning area is sufficient to cater the current as well as future demand.

Table 7-2: Future Demand for Healthcare Facilities Urban Rural Total Facilities Area E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R (Ha) Dispensary 2 16 0.3 5 6 0.1 7 22 0.4

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 70

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Health Sub center 0 - - 0 9 0.6 0 9 0.6 Family Welfare 1 8 0.4 0 0 - 1 8 0.4 Center Maternity Home 1 2 0.1 0 0 - 1 2 0.1 Nursing Home 0 3 0.2 0 0 - 0 3 0.2 Primary Health 0 - - 2 0 - 2 0 - Center Hospital (200 to 4 - - 0 0 - 4 0 - 250 beds) Veterinary 1 0 - 4 0 0 5 0 - Hospital Total 1.0 0.7 1.7 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required

7.3 Public Facilities 7.3.1 Postal Services As per the Census of India (2011) records, there are 5 Post Offices located at Kanaid, Mahadev, Ghangal, Kalohad and Chamukha and 1 sub-post offices at Bhaur. The future requirement of postal service in the planning area has been estimated zone wise based on the URDPFI Guidelines 2014.

Table 7-3: Future Demand for Postal Services Facilities Urban Rural Total Area E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R (Ha) Sub Post Office 2 - - 1 13 0.65 0 13 0.65 Post Office 0 0 - 5 0 - 5 0 - General Post 1 0 - 0 0 - 1 0 - Office Total - 0.65 0.65 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required

Sub post offices are required to be proposed 13 nos. in Rural areas. The Post Offices and Sub Post Offices shall be provided in the Neighborhood Centers. General Post office with administrative office is already established in Sundernagar and in operation.

7.3.2 Telecommunication Services Sundernagar Planning Area is served by extensive network of telecommunication. Private communication providers like Airtel, Vodafone, Reliance and BSNL are providing efficient service in the entire Planning Area. According to the village directory of Mandi district (2011), all the villages and Municipal Council area are connected through landline telephones and mobile network. 7.3.3 Police Services There are two Police Stations in the Planning Area situated at Sundernagar town and Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) Colony. The following planning norms are adopted for security facilities for Development Plan 2035. One additional police stations in urban area and two in rural area is required. 15-number of Police posts are required which shall be distributed in the urban and rural areas. The Police Stations are to be provided as part of facility centers.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 71

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 7-4: Future Demand for Security Facilities Facilities Urban Rural Total Area E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R (Ha) Police Post 0 9 0.9 0 6 0.6 0 15 1.5 Police Station 2 1 0.5 0 2 0.9 2 3 1.4 Total 1.4 1.5 2.9 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required 7.4 Safety 7.4.1 Fire Services In Sundernagar Planning Area, there is one Fire Station in Sundernagar town. Currently, this fire station is dealing with the fire incidents in the Planning Area. As per URDPFI Guidelines, one fire station is required to cater to 50,000 population. One more Fire stations is required in the Rural Area.

Figure 7-1: Fire Station at BBMB Colony, Sundernagar

Table 7-5 Future demand for fire stations Facilities Population Served Distance Range Area Requirement (Ha) Existing Required Fire station 50,000 - 0.3 to 0.8 1 1 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey The fire stations would be provided in the Facility Centers. The following Guidelines are to be followed for locating the Fire Stations and other Fire Fighting Facilities in the Planning Area:  Fire Stations to be located on corner plots as far as possible and on main roads with minimum two entries  Fire Stations shall be permitted in all land use zones except recreational and eco-sensitive zones

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 72

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

7.4.2 Disaster Management Center The Office of Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) of Sundernagar Sub-Division has a Disaster Management Cell which is responsible for managing the disasters management in Sundernagar Planning Area. According to the URDPFI norms, there should be a Disaster management Center at a population of 20,000 within 5-10 km radius. Therefore, there is a need to for two more Disaster Management Cell. 7.5 Socio-Culture Facilities There are 3 community centers located at Dodhu, Derdu and Thala within Sundernagar Planning Area. A community hall is situated in Sundernagar town. The availability of community facilities in the Planning area is not adequate. There is shortage of facilities like public library and community welfare center. Based on guidelines mentioned below, the future requirement of socio-cultural facilities has been estimated for the Planning area. According to the URDPFI guidelines, there should be a community center for a population of 10,000 and in Sundernagar Planning Area, there are 3 community centers and a community hall which are more than the required numbers. Hence, in Sundernagar Planning Area, the community centers are adequate to cater the demand of the Planning Area.

Table 7-6: Future Demand for Community Facilities Facilities Urban Rural Total Area E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R (Ha) Banquet Hall 1 3 0.3 0 3 0.3 1 6 1.5 Community Welfare 0 3 0.4 3 0 0 3 3 0.4 Center Total 0.7 0.3 1.9 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required Three Banquet hall in urban area and three in rural area is proposed. Also three Community Welfare Center is proposed in urban area to cater to the need of projected population. 7.6 Distributive Facilities Distributive Facilities include Food grain distribution, Milk Booth, LPG Godown, Fuel Station and Petrol Pumps. Presently there are five Petrol Pumps in the planning Area. In terms of distribution services, the Planning area requires a LPG Godown /Gas Godown and Milk booths for every 10,000 population to meet the demand of 2035 population. 7.7 Other Facilities 7.7.1 Institutional and Religious facilities The Planning area has many religious buildings spread all over the area. Most of these are temples. The important religious sites include Mahadev Temple, Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Shetala Mata temple, Murari Devi Temple, Mahamaya temple and Suraj Kund Temple. 7.7.2 Cremation/ Burial Ground and Cemetery As per URDPFI Guidelines, one Cremation Ground is required to cater to 10,000 populations within 5-10 km radius.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 73

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

7.8 Sports and Recreation The Planning Area does not have sufficient organised green spaces. The present land allocation for the recreational facilities is very low in comparison to the growth of the Planning area. Existing open spaces are generally scattered and are not interconnected. Therefore, the requirement for recreational facilities for the year 2035 has been estimated based on URDPFI Guidelines 2014. Refer Table 7-7 for details.

7.8.1 Housing area Level Recreational Spaces In Sundernagar Planning Area, there are parks and recreational spaces available. There are 8 housing area parks in urban area. The present land allocation for the recreational facilities is very low in comparison to the need of the Planning area. There is a great need to provide more gardens, parks, and playgrounds in the area. Additional seven Housing Area Parks are required, one in urban area and six in rural area. 7.8.2 Neighbourhood Level Recreational Spaces There are 2 neighbourhood parks, namely, Nehru Park and Jawahar Park available within the Planning Area. There is a need to provide for existing as well as for proposed population. Two neighbourhood parks are proposed in urban area and three in rural area. 7.8.3 City Level Recreational Spaces There is one exhibition ground in the Pungh. Other than this there are no city level recreational facilities available in Sundernagar Planning Area and there is a need of the same. The future demand for higher order recreational facilities has been estimated based on the existing and projected population of the Planning area. One Botanical Garden is proposed in the Sundernagar Planning Area. Table 7-7: Future Demand for Community Facilities Facilities Urban Rural Total E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) Housing Area Park 8 1 0.9 0 6 5.5 8 7 6.4 Neighbourhood Park 2 2 4.9 0 3 5.5 2 5 10.4 City Parks/ 1 0 0 0 - 0 0 - playgrounds/maidan/ exhibition grounds/ cultural gathering grounds Botanical Garden 0 1 20 0 0 - 0 1 20 Total 25.8 11 36.8 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required 7.8.4 Sports Facilities There are two playgrounds in the Sundernagar Planning Area, one in Polytechnic College and other in Management College. Here town level matches are held. There are sports fields available in schools and colleges. The sports facilities are not sufficient as per the URDPFI norms.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 74

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 7-2: Maharaja Lakshman Sen Memorial College Playground, Sundernagar

Table 7-8: Future Demand for Community Facilities Urban Rural Total Facilities E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) E R Area (Ha) Residential unit play 0 9 4.4 0 6 2.8 0 15 7.2 area Neighbourhood Play 0 3 4.4 2 0 0 2 3 4.4 area Total 8.8 2.8 11.6 Source: Analysis based on Primary Survey Note: E-Existing, R-Required 7.9 Green Belt The city has large eco-sensitive areas like natural drains and river which needs to be preserved. The Development Plan provides for green buffer as Green Belt along the water bodies. Development of 5m green buffer around the natural drains is proposed to conserve the natural drainage in the planning area. 7.10 Commercial Facility The commercial activities are located along the National Highway-154 in the Planning Area. The main commercial center is located at Sundernagar. Besides this, there is a furniture market located in Bhojpur. Moreover, there are regular mandi/ markets available in three villages within the Planning Area, namely, Bhaur, Kanaid and Mahadev. There are two cinema halls located at Cinema Chowk in Sundernagar town and in B.B.M.B. Colony. According to URDPFI Guidelines 2014, one commercial center should serve 10,000 population. Hence, the existing commercial facilities are not adequate for catering the needs of the people in Sundernagar Planning Area. Therefore, there is a requirement of three more commercial centers in Sundernagar Planning Area.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 75

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 76

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

8. ENVIRONMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT Environment is defined as the surroundings in which the organism lives. This chapter presents an overview of the Environment Conservation measures and the Disaster Mitigation strategies to be adopted for Sundernagar Planning Area.

8.1 Introduction Environment is one of the important aspects to be considered while making the development plans. Himachal Pradesh is enriched with various species of flora and fauna which need to be conserved and preserved. The development should go hand in hand with environmental improvement and resource optimization. The sustainable growth can only be achieved if existing environmental parameters are identified and analysed. This chapter discusses about various parameters of environment like climate, soil, forest cover, flora and fauna, quality of air, water, disaster proneness and its mitigation process. These parameters will help us to understand different existing environmental phenomena in the Planning Area. 8.2 Forest Cover The Forests of Himachal Pradesh is known for their grandeur and majesty. They are like a green pearl in the Himalayan crown. These life supporting systems are presently under great stress due to impact of modern civilization, economic development and growth in human and cattle population. In Sundernagar Planning Area, almost 407.3 ha i.e. 31.21% land falls under forest cover. It is less than the district average of 47%.28 Out of the total forest cover 38% of the forest area is classified as Demarcated Protected Forest and remaining 62 % is under unprotected forest or open forest. These forest areas shall be conserved while preparing the development framework. It is essential to mark the un-demarcated forests as well to protect them and degradation over the time. The un- demarcated protected forests and open forests can be used for collecting forest produce ensuring livelihood for the local people in the area. Afforestation and regularized tree felling can be promoted for boosting the forest related economy in the region.

28 Himachal Forest Statistics 2013

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 77

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 8-1 Forest Cover in SundernagarPlanning Area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 78

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

8.3 Conservation of Forest Cover Forest cover of planning area is less than district average. It is an important asset to planning area and need to be safeguarded for providing sustained benefits to the community and diversion of such land to other purpose should be done after careful examination from social and environmental standpoint. The forest cover shall be conserved and would function as green lungs of Sundarnagar Planning Area. A buffer around the boundary needs to be maintained as per the HP TCP Rules, 2015. The minimum distance of 5.00 m from Forest boundary shall be maintained and minimum distance from existing tree shall be 2.00 m. 29 8.4 Air Quality In Sundernagar Planning Area, there are two Air Quality Monitoring Stations located at Municipal Council (MC) office in Sundernagar on National Highway (NH-154), namely, ‘MC Office Sundernagar’ and other one is at Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board near B.B.M.B. Colony which is known as ‘Office Building (R)’. The analysis of ambient air quality has been done based on the data received from above mentioned two station in Sundernagar.

Table 8-1 Comparison of SO2, NO2 and RSM concentration in Sundernagar Planning Area with CPCB Ambient Air Quality Standards Monitoring Permissible Limit Particular 2013-14 2014-15 Station (Annual) by CPCB 3 3 MC Office 3 20.5 μg/ m 23 μg/ m SO2 50 μg/ m Office Building 24.1 μg/ m3 25.3 μg/ m3 3 3 MC Office 3 103.6 μg/ m 154.5 μg/ m NO2 40 μg/ m Office Building 103 μg/ m3 124.1 μg/ m3 MC Office 90.0 μg/ m3 93.9 μg/ m3 RSPM 40 μg/ m3 Office Building 71.0 μg/ m3 80.5 μg/ m3 Source: Ambient Air Quality Standards, Central Pollution Control Board and Air Quality Data (2013-15) Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Sundernagar

The above table shows that the annual average concentration of SO2 is under the permissible limit as per the ambient quality standards of CPCB. Whereas the levels of NO2 and RSPM are higher than the permissible limits especially near MC office. Traffic congestion and fossil fuel combustion processes are the major reasons for higher levels of NO2 and RSPM. Prolonged exposure to these pollutants cause severe respiratory diseases. 8.4.1 Air Pollution Control Measures The atmosphere has several built-in self-cleaning processes such as dispersion, gravitational settling, flocculation, absorption, rain-washout, etc to cleanse the atmosphere. However, control of contaminants at their source level is a desirable and effective method through preventive or control technologies. Source control: Some measures that can be adopted in this direction are:

29 Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment) Rules, 2015

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 79

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Using unleaded petrol  Using fuels with low sulphur and ash content  Encouraging people to use public transport, walk or use a cycle as opposed to private vehicles  Ensure that houses, schools, restaurants and playgrounds are not located on busy streets  Plant trees along busy streets as they remove particulates, carbon dioxide and absorb noise  Industries and waste disposal sites should be situated outsdide the city preferably on the downwind of the city.  Catalytic converters should be used to help control emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons 8.5 Water Quality In Sundernagar Planning Area, the water discharge is being monitored at the Suketi khad at Mandi. The data from 2013-2015 is being assessed to monitor the water quality in the Planning Area. The mean and standard deviation for pH, Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand is calculated (refer Table) to assess the water quality during April 2013- March 2015 in Sundernagar Planning Area:

Table 8-2 Mean and Standard Deviation for Water Quality Assessment of Suketi khad during April, 2013- March, 2015 Value pH Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Mean 7.99 8.97 0.21 Standard Deviation ± 0.32 ± 1.45 ± 0.19 Source: Environmental Data Bank, Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board (April 2013- March 2015) It has been found that the pH value of the surface water is good as it falls under the permissible limits of CPCB whereas the dissolved oxygen in water is close to mean 7.99 and a standard deviation of ± 0.32. It is also found that the amount of dissolved oxygen is more than the minimum requirement of 6 mg/l Therefore, it is a good indicator for the sustenance of aquatic life. On the other hand, the mean of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is 0.21 and ± 0.19 standard deviation. The Biochemical Oxygen Demand falls under Class A of the standards prescribed by CPCB (ref Table). Therefore, the quality of water in Sundernagar Planning Area falls under Class A as per the CPCB standards.

Table 8-3 Water Quality Standards Class Standard Total Coliform organism MPN/100ml, shall be 50 or less Drinking water source without conventional pH between 6.5 and 8.5 A treatment but after Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more disinfection Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20-degree C 2 mg/l or less Total Coliform organism MPN/100ml, shall be 500 or less Outdoor Bathing pH between 6.5 and 8.5 B (Organized) Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20-degree C 3 mg/l or less Drinking water sources Total Coliform organism MPN/100ml, shall be 5000 or less C after conventional pH between 6 and 9 treatment Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 80

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Class Standard Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20-degree C 3 mg/l or less pH between 6.5 and 9.5 Propagation of wildlife D Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more fisheries Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less pH between 6.5 and 9.5 Irrigation, Industrial Electricity Conductivity at 25 mg/cm max 2250 E Cooling Controlled Waste Sodium absorption ratio Max. 26 Boron Max 2 mg/l Source: Central Pollution Control Board Also, the water quality is assessed for the water supplied through hand pumps in Sundernagar town and it is found that the pH level is 7.86 and 8.08 during 2013-14. The concentration of biochemical oxygen demand is 0.1. Therefore, both pH and biochemical oxygen demand falls under Class A of CPCB standards. Hence, the quality of water is good in Sundernagar town as well. 8.6 Conservation of Water-bodies No building activity shall be carried out within 25 m from the boundary of the river Beas and the same shall be maintained as green buffer zone. The construction shall be allowed at distance of 5 m and 10 m from Nallah and Khad respectively.30 The river front areas may be developed based on a landscape plan with proper shelter design on the water expanse with attractive laser shows for tourists and visitors during festive seasons. Any degradation of wetland or surface water body would lead to habitat loss for birds, aquatic species and rare vegetation. Even deterioration of water quality of such lakes may distract tourists. To check depletion of water bodies the master plan recommends the following- a) Stop dumping of waste in the water bodies b) Stop earth filling of water bodies c) Encourage suitable recreational facility around water body to keep surveillance 8.7 Rain Water Harvesting Individuals can do a great deal to improve the water availability and ensure the water quality of their locality by practicing Rain Water Harvesting as a mandatory measure in all public buildings as well as judicial use of storm water for agricultural use. In this regard many published standard manuals are available for adoption. 8.8 Natural Hazards and Disasters Hazards both Natural and Man-Made are of immediate concern to the State of Himachal Pradesh as it faces the fury of one or the other disaster every year. The fragile ecology and geology of the State coupled with large variations in physio-climate conditions render it vulnerable to vagaries of nature in one way or the other. The nature of disastrous events is such that there is very less time to respond unless there is preparedness to cope with the effects in pre-disaster and post-disaster stages. It is considered that preparedness is the best measure to respond to catastrophic events for

30 Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment) Rules, 2015

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 81

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

reducing the effects and mitigate the losses in terms of life and property31. Traditionally, preparedness during the time of emergency involved the stockpiling of relief goods and providing basic needs to people in need32. It is believed that capacity building for human response to is a long- term exercise for mitigating the impact of disasters whereas the short-term contingencies include the finance that is required for providing relief and restoration of infrastructure. Now-a-days, it has become important for the communities to work closely with the local authorities in order to enhance their own capacities to prepare for and manage the effects of various risks.30 8.8.1 Hazard Profile of Mandi Mandi district is exposed to multiple Natural and Human induced hazards. They may include, but are not limited to the following:31 Table 8-4 Hazards in Mandi District Natural Hazards Human Induced Hazards  Earthquake  Accidents- Train, Road, Air  Landslide  Building Collapse  Drought  Fires: Household, Forest  Flood  Utilities Failure: Energy, Telecommunication, Water and Sewerage System  Forest Fire  Cloud Burst Source: District Disaster Profile – Mandi District Webportal 8.8.2 Vulnerability Profile of Mandi Vulnerability is the degree to which people, property, resources, systems, and cultural, economic, environmental, and social activity is susceptible to harm, degradation, or destruction on being exposed to any hazard on its activation. The table represents the district wise vulnerability matrix. From the table it can be inferred that the overall vulnerability of Mandi is High and the vulnerability from earthquakes is very high as compared to any other disaster. In terms of Earthquake hazard risk profiling, almost entire Mandi district (97 %) falls in Zone V which is a very high damage risk zone. The last earthquake hit the region in 2005, the magnitude of which was 6.8 at Richter Scale. However, no loss of life and property was reported.

Table 8-5 District Wise Vulnerability Matrix District Earthquake Landslide Floods Avalanches Industrial Overall Vulneability Kangra VH M L - M H Chamba H H H M M VH Hamirpur VH L L - - M Mandi VH M M - - H Kullu H H H M H VH Bilaspur M M L - M M Una M L H - H H

31 Government of India, 2012, District Disaster Management Plan: District Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, the Government of India-UNDP Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Programme (2009-12), UNDP. 32 World Health Organization, 2007, Risk reduction and emergency preparedness:

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 82

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

District Earthquake Landslide Floods Avalanches Industrial Overall Vulneability Sirmour M M L - H M Solan L L L - H M Kinnaur H H H VH - H LandSpiti L M M VH - H Shimla L M M - H H VH: Very High, H: High, M: Moderate, L: Low Source: State Council for Science Technology and Environment Analysis 8.8.3 Measures for Disaster Management The following measures needs to be taken by the district administration:

 District Mandi has critical proneness to earthquake for which analytical mapping of resources needs to be done with multi-fold aim of “Creating Earthquake Resistant Structures” in the District and “Promoting awareness for preventing loss to human life” in the event of an actual earthquake.  In villages facing shortage of drinking water, tankers for water supply are deployed. A separate plan under the supervision of district administration has already been drawn in coordination with IPH department to mitigate this disaster.  The mock drills to tackle the disaster situations should be arranged under SDM’s supervision. This should be organised in every local govt. authority (both Gram Panchayat and Nagar Panchayat) in a particular interval.  Disaster relief Committee should be set up at Gram Panchayat Level and Nagar Panchayat level where involvement of a particular percentage of female members would be mandatory. 8.9 Disaster Management Strategy Disaster Management Plan of HPPWD, 2015 shall be adopted for Prevention, mitigation and preparedness plan. Wide dissemination of earthquake-resistant building codes, the National Building Code 2005 should be adopted for earthquake resistant structures. Provision for wireless and satellite based communication in case of emergencies.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 83

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

9. TOURISM This chapter deals with natural and cultural heritages Sundernagar Planning Area and the surroundings, the conservation of heritages, places of interest in and around the planning area, tourist projections and tourism prospect in the planning area and strategies for heritage conservation, tourism promotion and future requirements of tourism infrastructure. 9.1 Introduction

Sunder Nagar, as a tourist place, is worth to visit for its green hills and natural beauty. Beautifully fertile valley of Sundernagar receives the tired travellers with open arms on NH-154. The town is noted for its shady walks amid towering trees. Every year many tourists visit Sunder Nagar as it is on the way to Manali, so they stop by and enjoy the awesomeness of this beautiful town. It is the Gateway of Balh Valley. The charm of the place has been added by the artificial lake (balancing reservoir) created by Beas Satluj Link Project. 9.2 Tourism

Himachal Pradesh is a one of the most popular tourist destinations of the country, attracting tourists from all over the world. The state booms with tourism as one of the major contributor to the economy. On this regard, the state is divided into four (4) tourism circuit viz. Sutlej Circuit, Beas Circuit, Dhauladhar Circuit and Tribal Circuit, by the Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (HPTDC). These circuits pass through different terrains of the state. From a conservation perspective, tourism can raise funds for protecting natural areas, enhance local and tourist awareness of biodiversity and conservation issues as well as discourage local people from unsustainable livelihoods. From a development perspective, tourism revenue may reduce poverty by stimulating business development and job creation that is in principle compatible with the main objective for development of Planning Area, biodiversity conservation as well as enhancing local services, and through improved education empower local people to advocate for sustainable development and the protection of the natural environment. 9.3 Tourism Infrastructure33

i. Accommodation Sundernagar town has limited number of hotels and lodges which offer general accommodation. There is a star category hotels in the Planning area namely, the Polo Regency Hotel. Other than hotels, accommodation is also available in Rest house provided by the PWD, HPSEB and forest departments. These rest houses are located strategically within the municipal limits and offer very reasonable and economical rate for accommodation. ii. Connectivity

33 Source: Field visit and Government Departments

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 84

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Sundernagar town is well connected via the NH – 154 which connects Chandigarh in Punjab and Manali in Kullu District. The town is easily accessible by SH - 13 which is the Shimla - Tatapani – Mandi road. There are limited designated parking area in all the temples. However due to unavailability of parking space in some areas, people resort to on-street parking. Tourists prefer to park their vehicles on street due to unavailability of the parking space. Another parking area is located near the bus stand where paid private taxis are available. iii. Local convenience The main market area is situated along the NH -154 within the Municipal council. Majority of the market areas are along the NH - 154 and SH – 13 which are also the main access to the town. Various types of shops and commercial centers in the market act as the wholesale market as well for the nearby villages. The restaurants, tea shop, stationaries, sweet shops, cloths, worship material shops are the most significant commercial centers in the market area. Beside this permanent market area, the temporary and semi-permanent shops are also set up during the festival. One of the major issues is lack of solid waste management which leads to filthy streets and blocked drains, majorly during festivals. 9.4 Tourist Forecast

Tourist traffic follows a seasonal trend in Sundernagar. Mandi district registered 11,52,614 domestic tourists and 11,181 foreign tourists during the year 2016. Table 9-1 Tourist Inflow in Mandi District from 2008 - 2016 Sl.No. Year Domestic Foreign Total 1 2008 6,03,086 9,154 6,12,240 2 2009 8,69,904 8,070 8,77,974 3 2010 10,06,418 10,485 10,16,903 4 2011 11,84,335 9,813 11,94,148 5 2012 7,98,461 9,068 8,07,529 6 2013 8,74,139 9,663 8,83,802 7 2014 9,36,532 9,189 9,45,721 8 2015 10,86,231 10,478 10,96,709 9 2016 11,52,614 11,181 11,63,795 Source: http://himachaltourism.gov.in/mandi.php The estimation of future tourist arrivals is mainly based upon an analysis of the past trends in tourist arrivals (both domestic and foreign). Tourist projections have been calculated for a period of five years as shown in Table 9-2 Tourist Projections for Mandi District for 2035. Table 9-2 Tourist Projections for Mandi District for 2035 Sl.No. Year Domestic Foreign Total 1 2020 14,61,271 14,497 14,75,764 2 2025 19,65,799 20,059 19,85,831 3 2030 26,44,525 27,753 26,72,192 4 2035 35,57,592 38,399 35,95,779 Source: Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis Considering average CAGR for the period 2008 to 2035 for Domestic and Foreign tourists 6.11% and 6.71% respectively in Mandi district, the tourist influx has been explained in the following graphs.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 85

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 9-1 Projections for Domestic Tourist Traffic for Mandi District – 2016 to 2035 Source: Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis

Figure 9-2 Projections for Foreign Tourist Traffic for Mandi District – 2016 to 2035 Source: Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis Among the total number of tourist visit to Mandi district for the period 2016 to 2035, 10 % of the tourists will visit Sundernagar Planning Area. Table 9-3 Tourism Profile of Sundernagar Planning Area Tourist Visiting Sundernagar 10 % Tourist Visiting in Peak Season 60 % No. of days in Peak Season 180 days Occupancy Rate 80 % No. of Hotels in Sundernagar 11 Existing No. of Beds 225 Average No. of Rooms per Hotel 20 Source: Department of Tourism, Himachal Pradesh and Primary Survey 9.4.1 Tourist Accommodation Forecast Based on the future tourist arrivals and their stay patterns, the future capacity requirement in accommodation has been worked out for Mandi district. The existing demand supply gaps and future peak time capacity requirements for accommodation for Mandi district for the state has been worked out.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 86

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Bed requirements during peak season considering duration of stay and desirable occupancy rate have been worked out on the following assumptions as given by hotel interviews-  Average stay of foreign tourist and domestic tourist centers as 2 to 3 nights per district respectively.  Domestic peak season lasts for 180 days. Table 9-4 Tourist Footfall and Gap Analysis for Tourism in Sundernagar Planning Area Years No. of Tourist No. of Tourist No. of Tourist per Required Gap/ Additional visiting visting in Peak day during Peak No. of Beds Requirement Sundernagar Season Season 2016 1,16,380 69,828 388 310 85 2020 1,47,576 88,546 492 394 83 2025 1,98,583 1,19,150 662 530 221 2030 2,67,219 1,60,331 891 713 266 2035 3,59,578 2,15,747 1,199 959 468 Source: Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis Table 9-5 Projections for Number of Hotel Rooms in Sundernagar Planning Area Type of Rooms Percentage 2016 2035 Double Rooms 85 191 815 Single Rooms 10 23 96 Triple Rooms/ Dormitory 5 11 48 Total 225 959 Source: Department of Tourism, Himachal Pradesh and Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis

Table 9-6 Projections for Type of Hotel requirement in Sundernagar Planning Area Type of Hotels Percentage 2016 2035 Ecomony/Budget 50 6 24 Star Category 30 3 14 Luxury 20 2 10 Total 11 48 Source: Projections prepared based on Tourism analysis Given that such large amount of additional capacity needs to be added in a short period, in addition to the standard forms of accommodation facilities (hotels and paying guests), accommodation in the form of camping sites could be developed as they are relatively easier to set up and would also be a more economical alternative.34 Henceforth, the need is to identify campsites, provide water and electrical connections so that “tent-hotel” units can be set up. This type of accommodation has eco- friendly operations and have popularity among the tourists. All modern facilities, including toilets, should be provided in these tents. 9.5 Tourism Strategies

Primary and Secondary studies have been conducted in the planning area to identify the concerns and issues related to Tourism development. Issues identified are categorised under following heads:

 Resource based issues  Development issues

34 Source: Final report on 20-Year Perspective Plan for Sustainable Tourism Development in Himachal Pradesh Part I March 2003, Department of Tourism Market Research Division, Ministry of Tourism and Culture Government of India.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 87

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Management issues  Environmental issues In spite of the excellent facilities available to the tourists the number of foreign visitors to Himachal state is almost negligible compared to domestic tourists.35 The major reason for this is inadequate marketing. It is the same case in Baijnath-Paprola town which receives a dismal number of foreign tourists. One of the main reasons for this poor performance is lack of effective marketing strategy. People undertake travel and tourism activity to have a change from the day-to-day monotonous routine so that they can rejuvenate themselves. The tourist has to select a destination, which can be any place in the world. Here comes the role of marketing of tourism. The Tourism Development Strategy takes into consideration the economic, political, administrative and environmental aspects of the region that create either opportunities or constraints for the development of tourism and defines the macro-level policy. The Strategic Action Plan will cover the following areas-

 Harnessing the tourism potential of the region through planned, growth-oriented and sustainable development of the Regional Circuits  Developing tourism to ensure the overall development of the region  Marketing and Branding  Development of new circuits/destinations and new tourism products  Use tourism as a means of providing new employment opportunities in rural, tribal and remote areas.  Employ trained personnel  Creation of tourism relevant direct infrastructure  Increase private sector participation in tourism, both as a means of generating employment and providing new infrastructure.  Make the programs act as catalyst in investments by private bodies  Propounding projects and programs at the national level 9.5.1 Categories of Tourism in the Region The product base of the region is extremely suited to serve the needs of the following aspects of tourism in the planning area-  Eco-tourism The surrounding region of Sundernagar is ideal for both passive and adventure forms of Eco-Tourism with parks, good scenic beauty, forests etc. The Demarcated Protected Forest which is considered as the preservation zone, distributed in and around Sundernagar town can be utilised as the bio- diversity park. The planning area has much to offer for the active adventure segment including trekking of various grades and levels, rock climbing etc. Floriculture as well as horticulture is proposed on the southern side of MC area along the Circular Road. In order to offer pleasant and

35 Source: Article on Tourism Promotion in Himachal Pradesh: An Opinion Survey of Foreign Tourists, Sushma Rewal Chugh, Associate Professor, M.T.A. Dept., H.P. University, Shimla.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 88

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

scenic view to tourists on 4-lane expressway, floriculture is also proposed on the agricultural field adjacent to the Suketi Khad and the balancing reservoir (Sundernagar Lake).  Culture Tourism Culture tourism is an important aspect and has the potential to attract selective culture tourists to the planning area. The rich tribal heritage and culture is an aspect which needs to be positioned well. Tourists visiting Himachal are interested to know local performing arts. At present there is no organized effort to entertain the tourists with local talent. There is vast potential for outdoor recreations in the planning area. A tourist destination site is proposed on the hill-top near Bhojpur. The main attraction of this tourist destination will be the Himachal Haat. The word ‘haat’ denotes an informal weekly market or bazaar that is held in the rural areas of India. This Himachal Haat will be a unique, upgraded and a much more sophisticated version of a haat, in the heart of the city, where people can shop for authentic crafts and inimitable ethnic wares of the state and pig out on the ethnic cuisine of the state in an eco-friendly manner. It will display the richness of Himachali culture on a permanent basis. While the village haat is a mobile, flexible arrangement, here it is crafts persons who are mobile. Small thatched roof cottages and kiosks with a village atmosphere will make the place into an attractive place of interest for tourists/visitors. The shops will be connected through stone paved courtyards and interspaced with grass to retain a visual softness. One significant aspect is making the local community participants of the whole development process and giving them avenues by increasing tourist- community cultural interfaces.

Figure 9-3 Mood Images for Himachal Haat  Participative Heritage Tourism Heritage tourism is proposed with a participatory approach where tourists will also get to actively participate than just seeing the monuments.  Religious Tourism The planning area has many famous and old religious spots, which are proposed to be integrated into the circuit by provision of tourist facilities here. Various temples, distributed all over the Planning Area can be developed as the major tourist landmarks. The religious tourism will be beneficial in terms of creation of informal economic opportunities for the locals. The tourist land marks have been planned specifically to place the informal sectors to avoid the encroachments along the roads or temple complexes. The Mahamaya temple which is located at the hillock within Sundernagar town is a very old temple and famous among the locals. A nature’s trail can be developed across the forest area connecting the Shiv Temple of Keran and Mahamaya temple of Sundernagar town. Charges or fees can be collected from tourists used for operation and maintenance of tourist inflow facilities near the

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 89

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

temple. It would generate revenue for the local government. Afforestation with right type of species and control of growth of any hilly slope development should legally be practiced.  Business Tourism In view of attractive natural environment and growing trends of outbound business and education meets, the development plan will also offer products for a hub for smaller businesses with national and international reach. This will include a comprehensive convention center to meet business tourism requirements, resort based convention facilities etc. Depending upon the transit character of the Sundernagar town, the hospitality zone has been proposed at Kalohad hilltop in the Planning Area. This hospitality zone will comprise of finely balanced mix of uses - parks, plazas, and walkable streets and modern amenities such as good restaurants with parking areas, luxury hotels/resorts, small snack joints, convenience blocks, open ground and small commercial center. The hospitality zone will be overlooking the Sundernagar lake (Balancing Reservoir of BBMB) which will offer breathtaking scenic beauty of the city from a height. It will be a popular destination for tourists and business travellers alike. Therefore, it calls for a better planned, regulated and environment friendly tourism approach. This sector will employ the local people in the hotel business and will contribute to other hospitality businesses like restaurants and attractions. Business generated from this domestic market will generate most of the revenue. 9.5.2 Tourism Circuit36 Sundernagar Planning Area falls within the Beas Circuit. The circuit derives its name from the ancient river Beas. It passes through the highly picturesque Kullu - Mandi regions. The main attractions are the flower filled meadows, terraced fields of paddy, maize, apple orchards and the sparkling Beas River. This circuit covers Delhi - Swarghat - Bilaspur - Mandi - Rewalsar - Kullu - Manali - Rohtang - Naggar - Manikaran - Delhi (1335 km).

36 Source: Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation – Official website, http://hptdc.nic.in/

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 90

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Not to scale

Chamba Keylong DHAULDHAR Pathankot CIRCUIT Dharamshala Manali Naggar Raison Jogindernagar TRIBAL BEAS Kullu CIRCUIT CIRCUIT Mandi Hamirpur Rewalsar Recong Peo Una Janjheli Bilaspur SATLUJ Dharlaghat LEGEND Swarghat CIRCUIT State Boundary Shimla National Highway Kiarighat Other Roads Kasauli Solan State Capital Parwanoo Chandigarh District Headquarters Places of Interest (Out state) Nahan Ambala Places of Interest (In state) Dehradun Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 9-4: Tourist Circuit – Himachal Pradesh Source: Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (HPTDC), http://hptdc.nic.in/circuit.htm Sundernagar lies along one of the major transport corridor in the state i.e. the NH-154 which connects Chandigarh in Punjab to Manali in Kullu District. It is surrounded by four (4) district headquarters in the Beas circuit namely, Kullu, Mandi, Bilaspur and Solan. Other District headquarters such as Hamirpur, Una Shimla are also within close vicinity, hence enhancing the significance of tourism prospect of the town. Other places of interest within the circuit include Rewalsar, Janjheli, Dharlaghat, Swarghat, Kiarighat, Kasauli and Parwanoo (Refer Figure 9-4). 9.5.3 Places of Interest in Regional District Level – Proposed Intra Town Circuit Mandi is situated on the banks of the river Beas. With rich culture and history, the district is represented by its natural as well as man-made tourist’s sites such as temples, which attract a lot of tourist. Some of the major tourist sites in the district are as follows: i. Pandoh Dam The Pandoh Dam is an embankment dam on the Beas River in Mandi district. Under the Beas Project, the dam was completed in 1977 and its primary purpose is to generate hydroelectric power. The water is used for power generation at the Dehar Power House before being discharged into the Sutlej River, connecting both rivers. The power house has an installed capacity of 990 MW.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 91

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

ii. Rewalsar Lake Hidden in the hills 24 km southwest of Mandi, the sacred lake of Rewalsar is revered by Buddhists, Hindus and Sikhs. Also known as Lotus Lake and it is believed that it was created when the king of Mandi tried to burn alive the revered Buddhist sage Padmasambhava, to prevent his daughter to elope with him. Today the lake's 800m perimeter is surrounded by a collection of mostly heritage temples, monasteries and monuments, in which multiple faiths are represented. Figure 9-5: Pandoh Dam Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- iii. Prashar Lake things-to-do.html Prashar Lake lies 49 km north of Mandi, with a three storied pagoda - style temple dedicated to the sage Prashar. The lake is located at a height of 2730 m above sea level with deep blue waters and holds a saintly position there. It is surrounded by snow-topped peaks and looks down on the fast flowing river Beas. The lake has a floating island in it and it is not clear how deep it is. Figure 9-6: Rewalsar Lake Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- iv. Janjheli things -to-do.html

A treat for adventure buffs, Janjheli is an ideal place for activities like trekking. With a trail up to 3300 m, this place is almost 67 km from Mandi. To reach the place, one has to travel 32 km by vehicle till Gohar, the journey on foot begins from there. With a furnished accommodation in Bajahi, the expedition continues till Janjheli for another 20 kms. Figure 9-7: Prashar Lake v. Kamlah Fort Source:http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing- things-to-do.html Situated almost 80 km from Mandi city, the Kamlah fort is stands proudly on Sikandar Dhar ranges. Built by Raja Suraj Sen in 1625, it stands hovering at a height of 4772 meters. With its entrance present almost in form of a maze, the landscape around is lush green and has a picturesque view. vi. Shikhari Devi Temple

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 92

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The Shikhari Devi Temple is located 95 km from Mandi, the trekking to this temple at a height of 3332 m above the sea level is quite exciting. Most tourist come to witness the either the morning sunrise or sunset which has its serenity and naturally picturesque view. vii. Barot Valley Barot is a frequent backpacker and day tourist destination. Many trekking trails pass through Barot, including trails to Bada Bhangal, Manali and Kullu. Most of the day tourists as attracted by the serene surroundings and cheap availability of accommodation. Of late, Barot is also developing into an angling destination. The Uhl river supports trout breeding and

Barot has a few fish farms. Across the river Figure 9-8: Barot valley Uhl is the Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary, home Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- to goral, Himalayan black bear and a things-to-do.html variety of pheasants. viii. Tattapani Tattapani literally meaning hot water is located on the banks of River Sutlej. Surrounded by panoramic view of hills, the place houses natural sulphur spring which is said to own curative properties to cure many ailments. The interesting fact about the spring is that it disappears during the month of July and reappears in December. Figure 9-9: Tattapani ix. Kamru Nag Lake Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- things-to-do.html A famous trekking path all around and situated at the height of 3334 m, Kamru Nag Lake lies on the Mandi-Karsog road and serves as arresting place for trekkers. Bounded by snow covered Dhauladhar and the Balh Valley, this place will leave you completely bewitched. A Kamru Nag Temple in the proximity to the lake is flanked by thick cover of lush green forest. During winter, the lake is covered in snow which enhances its beauty and scenic view. Figure 9-10: Kamru Nag Lake x. Chindi Village Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- things-to-do.html Away from the buzzing sound of city, this

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 93

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

small village sits quietly in the lap of nature. Packed with apple orchards and blessed with divine beauty of nature, one can also find several small temples near the village. Located 107 kms from Mandi, this place is easily accessible via Tattapani. xi. Bhutnath Temple The spirituality of this temple dates back to 1520s and is as old as the town itself. Located almost at the center of the town, the temple is devoted to Lord Shiva. Pilgrims will find Nandi or Lord Shiva's bull facing the ornamental arch entrance to the complex. The Shivaratri festival celebrated in the month of March is a major event of Figure 9-11: Bhima Kali Temple Source: http://www.holidify.com/places/mandi/sightseeing-and- . this temple and town things-to-do.html xii. Bhima Kali Temple Bhima Kali Temple is one of the famous temples of the Mandi dedicated to Goddess Bhima Kali. Situated on the banks of River Beas, this temple also showcases different statues and idols of Gods and Goddesses in a museum. It is also believed that it is this site where lord Krishna fought with the demon named Banasura.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 94

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Barot Valley

Kamlah Fort

Parashar Lake

Bhootnath Temple Bhīma Kali Temple

Rewalsar Lake Pandoh Dam

Sundernagar Planning Area Janjheli Kamru Nag Lake Shikari Devi Temple

Chindi Village

Tattapani

Figure 9-12: Location Map - Places of interest in Mandi District Source: Prepared based on Tourism analysis 9.5.4 Places of Interest in Sundernagar Planning Area – Proposed Inter Town Circuit Sundernagar, a place where many people moving towards Manali halts to look at the beautiful lake, is a great place to find religious and spiritual insight. There are many temples located in and around Sundernagar which can be identified for the promotion and development of tourism activities.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 95

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Mahadev Temple Shetala Mata Temple Lakshmi Narayan Temple

Murari Devi Temple MahamayaTemple

Suraj Kund Temple

Temples

Figure 9-13: Places of interest in Sundernagar Planning Area Source: Prepared based on Tourism analysis

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 96

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

i. Mahamaya Temple, Sundernagar37 The Mahamaya temple is one of the most famous temples in Sundernagar town and is visited by many pilgrims every year. It is accessible via the circular road and is about 1km drive uphill to the top from the main town area. The temple is built inside one of the palaces cum fortresses of Sundernagar’s King and it looks like an old palace, well maintained and painted in mystic red. The temple also provides a picturesque view of the town from atop with greenery all around.

Figure 9-14: Mahamaya Temple, Sundernagar

ii. Murari Devi Temple, Sundernagar38 Murari Devi Temple is also one of the famous places of visit in Sundernagar. This Temple is in the west of Sundernagar on the top of a sacred hill and can be accessed via the NH-154. The hill on which the temple stand is named Murari Dhar also known as Sikandara Ri Dhar (Ancient Name). It is believed that this temple was founded by Pandavas during their “Agyatwaas“. There are also some rocks in Murari Devi on which some large human footprints can be seen and local people say that these foot prints are of Pandavas.

Figure 9-15: Murari Devi Temple, Sundernagar

37 Source: Himchal Pradesh online web – portal, http://www.thehimachal.com/himachal/mahamaya-temple-sundernagar- mandi/ 38 Source: Himchal Pradesh online web – portal, http://devbhumi.in/murari-devi/

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 97

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

iii. Suraj Kund Temple39, Sundernagar

The Suraj Kund temple is situated in the heart of Sundernagar town and is accessible via the circular road towards MLSM College Road. The temple was built by Gaur Sen and his wife during the 1625 A.D. at the foot of a hill, which was completed in 1725 A.D. The temple is devoted to the Sun God and is famous for its historical pond. iv. Mahadev Temple, Sundernagar The Mahadev Temple can be reached from Dhanotu Chowk at a distance of about half a kilometer distance. It is located in Mahadev Figure 9-16: Suraj Kund Temple, Sundernagar

Mohal along the link road connecting NH- 154. The temple is visited by many pilgrims every day. v. Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Sundernagar The temple is located in Sundernagar town towards BBMB colony. It is also one of the popular temples in the area. The temple is famous for the sarayas and many other small temples inside, dedicated to various Hindu

Gods. Figure 9-17: Mahadev Temple, Sundernagar vi. Sheetla Mata Temple The temple is located about 1.5 km from the reservoir via a link road from the NH- 21 towards Kalahod. It is devoted to Goddess Mata Sheetla and the cravings on the Along with this lie a broadcasting station of Doordarshan.

Figure 9-18: Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Sundernagar

39 Source: Online portal, https://books.google.com/books?id=QgZFhkVINvkCandpg=PA41andlpg=PA41anddq=suraj+kund+temple+sundernagarands ource=blandots=wIAeZy_da5andsig=Szi2Pazp9AP6ieLYKEeMxQGuwakandhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwikq56Z5dTPAhW MWT4KHQUKBR0Q6AEISDAI#v=onepageandq=suraj%20kund%20temple%20sundernagarandf=false

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 98

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 9-19: Sheetla Mata Temple, Sundernagar

vii. Balancing Reservoir Lake, Sundernagar40 The Lake in the heart of the city is the reservoir of the Beas - Sutlej link canal. It is blessed with cool breeze with a panoramic view overlooking the Himalayas lies on the NH – 21. The road has the canal on one side and lush green field on the other which makes driving along it a real pleasure.

Figure 9-20: Balancing Reservoir, Sundernagar

40 Source: Himchal Pradesh online web – portal, http://www.himachaltouristguide.com/index.php/districts-of- himachal/mandi/sundernagar

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 99

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

10. SWOT ANALYSIS Sector/ Category Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats  Administrative Importance:  Aesthetical Values: Lake Sundernagar town is the act as an attraction point Tehsil and Block Headquarter for en-route travellers in of Sundernagar Tehsil and the NH-154 Block Overall Planning Area Profile  Special Importance: Sundernagar is famous for its Beas – Sutlej hydro-electric project. BBMB has a major stake in the town  Locational Advantage:  Located 24 kms Centrally located in the approximately from Mandi Location state and is well town, the head-quarter of connected with all major Mandi district towns  Connectivity: well Connected  No provision of rail and air  Situated in the influence Regional to Chandigarh and Manali via connectivity. Nearest zone of the proposed Setting the NH-154 and Shimla – broad gauge rail head is Kiratpur-Mandi-Manali 4- Tatapani via the SH - 13 located 103 km away from lane highway Connectivity  Transit Node: Act as a transit planning area at Kiratpur town along the NH – 21 Sahib and nearest airport is located at a distance of 83 km at Bhunter  Most of the land area (90 %)  Development at the  Large parcels of land Spatial distribution falls under developabale southern edge of the within the municipal

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 100

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

slope Planning Area is restricted boundary are  Northern part of the Planning due to the mountainous underutilized which can Ara is rich in agricultural terrain (10 %). be densified and produce  The area is dissected by developed for urban  27 % of the area is under various natural stretams improvement forest cover which is located and channels which act as  Villages of Kanaid, in and around the the non developable zones Kalahod and Mahadev Sundernagar Urban Area  Unregulated urban sprawl act as growth nodes  Sundernagar Town is along the NH – 21 and SH along the NH-154 centrally located in the – 13 which are the major Planning Area and provides transport corridors in the services to the town and Planning nearby villages.  Percentage of main workers  WPR of the Planning area  Proposed cement (70 %) are more than is less than that of district industry in Keran marginal workers (30 %)  Lack of industrial  Promotion of hospitality which signify a strong formal economic base activities for tourism economic base promotion  Service sector based  Promotion of local crafts Economy economy supported by strong and textile industry agricultural base  Promotion of the entrepreneurship through skill development and knowledge parks  All weather road connectivity  Narrow roads along the  Well-developed road Transportation Road to all villages contours in some villages network throughout the causing inconvenience Planning Area is an

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 101

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

while commute advantage to growth and  Steep slopes towards the urban development. south leading to constraints to construction  Well-developed network of  Benefit of improving public transport (Bus service) socio-economic activities connecting all the with well-connected neighbouring towns and cities public transport system  Private taxis are also available Public for hire in close proximity to Transport the bus stand  The town has the facility of auto service for communting in and around Sundernagar Town  All villages covered under  Average service level of  I & PH is developing water supply schemes water supply in rural areas more water supply is 53 lpcd (70 lpcd as per schemes to cater to the norms) and in urban areas gap by taping water it is 120 lpcd (130 lpcd as from various sources per norms) Physical Water Supply  Out of the total Infrastructure connections, 35% connections are metered connections otherwise are unmetered  73.95 % households have the drinking water facility

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 102

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

within premise  There is a gap of water supply of 0.47 MLD in rural areas and 0.24 MLD in urban areas  98 % households use  Increase in unscheduled electricity as the main source out-stages from 2013 – 14 of lighting in urban area to 2014 - 15 Power  99 % households use electricity as the main source of lighting in rural arae  Sewerage Treatment Plant  16 % households resort to  Provision of low cost with a capacity of 3.50 MLD is open defecation in rural sanitation measures serving the Municipal Council areas such as sanitary latrines Sanitation area in the Planning Area  The total estimated with septic tanks and  Public toilet facilities are sewerage generation is soak pits in hilly region available in both rural and 3.88 MLD. Consequently, with hand-pump based urban areas. there a gap of 1.35 MLD water supply  There is daily door to door  There is no solid waste  Proposal for integrated collection method which is management system in waste management in then transported to the the Planning Area except Mandi District by Landfill site at Chandpur in the Sundernagar Directorate of Urban Solid Waste  The biomedical waste Municipal Council development, Shimla.

Management generated from Civil Hospital  Present solid waste  Provision of segregation of Sundernagar is disposed collection efficiency is 60 at source with different under Common Bio-Medical % which is carried out by colour bins in addition to Waste Treatment Facility Plan seventeen sanitation door to door collection by Enviro-Engineers which is employees method

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 103

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

located at Kullu.  Storm water drainage  Limited storm water  Most of the area in the network along the PWD roads drainage network within Planning Area is plain the Planning Area hence ease of Drainage development of storm water drainage vis-à-vis hilly region in the south  High literacy rate  Concentration of higher  State Directorate of Technical education facilities in Education located in Sundernagar MC Sundernagar  All villages in the Planning Education area are covered with secondary level education  Degree colleges and technical Social education institutes are Infrastructure located in Sundernagar  There are adequate number  Absence of community  BBMB hospital, Civil of hospitals in the Planning health care center in the Hospital, Suket Hospital Area. Planning area and Sushrut Hospital can  BBMB hospital, Civil Hospital,  Requirement of more be developed as Health care Suket Hospital and Sushrut health care facilities of 13 speciality center for Hospital houses majority of dispensaries, 15 Primary relief and treatment the infrastructure for relief Health sub-centers and, 1 during disaster arrangements and treatment PHC emergencies  Ambient air and water quality  Potential for developing  The Planning Area falls Environment and hazard in the Planning Area a biodiversity park under zone V/IV of the  27% of the Planning Area is around the forest areas seismic zone and High

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 104

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

under forest cover majorly  Developing a disaster Risk Category of towards the south management cell in Landslide  Sundernagar houses hospitals Sundernagar town  Risk of forest fires as with well-equipped large area of forest is infrastructure for treatment occupied by pine and relief for disaster mitigation  Sundernagar Planning Area  Lack of promotion of  Potential for promotion falls within the Beas Tourist cultural and tourist sites in of eco-tourism activities Circuit the Planning Area  Promotion of trekking  Temples in and around the  Limited number of hotels routes and viewpoints Tourism Planning area are attraction and lodges offering from the high mountain points and places of interest general accommodation. peaks at the south.  Mountainous terrain in the southern areas captures scenic view from the top.  Sundernagar Municipal  There is a lack of inter  TCPD is trying to prepare Council is the nodal agency departmental a consolidated spatial for the provision of basic coordination in terms of plan by considering and services to the citizens execution of the projects locating all the Administrative efficiency  The e-portal is used by the  There is a lack of development projects of MC and other offices to digitization of data and various departments record very basic level information through under a single umbrella. information advanced e-portal system

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 105

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

11. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS The Chapter deals with the proposals for future development of the Planning Area. The proposals are recommended after analysing the existing situation and growth direction of the Planning Area.

11.1 Planning Perspective, Projections and Possibilities The Development Plan caters to three levels namely the Municipal Council, Planning Area and Influence Zone with a radius of about 20 km. It envisages for the requirements of population of Planning Area, dependent regional population and tourists during peak season. The proposals have been recommended in view of community aspirations, effective role of local bodies, and by inculcating the participatory approach of private and public sectors. Population of Sundernagar Planning Area is anticipated to increase to 72,134 by the year 2035. As 45 percent of the total population is anticipated to be workforce, there are likely to be 32,460 workers, for whom provision of work areas is envisaged in the Development Plan. The drivers of development identified through the existing situation analysis are Locational advantage, Emerging Growth Nodes and direction of development, town of Administrative importance, Education Hub, Commercial Zone, Availability of Govt. Land & Places of Interest The following institutes and characteristics act as the possibilities for development for Sundernagar Planning Area:  Government Polytechnic established in 1959 is one of the major landmarks of Sundernagar. The office of the Director Technical Education HP is located in this campus, which makes this town appear in the State education map.  The office of the Director of Accounts (Postal), H.P. Circle is located at Sundernagar since November 1994.  Bhakra Beas Management Board Office is situated in the town.  Govt. Poultry Farm and Hatchery, which is regional head quarter.  Forest Training Institute is located in the Town.  Sundernagar houses a privately managed recognised dental college i.e. Himachal Dental College that provides a 5-year BDS Programme and four 3-years MDS Programmes. The College is affiliated from Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.  The Maharaja Lakshman Sen Memorial College, Sanskrit College and Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College are also located in Sundernagar town.  Other than these govt. institutions, there are various private institutions in the Planning Area, which provides courses on different technical education.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 106

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 11-1: The Existing Opportunity Areas in the Planning Area

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 107

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

11.2 Development Limitations

A table showing land limitations for development in sunbdernagar is mentioned below. Table 11-1: Limitations for the Development Sl. No. Non-Developable Lands Distribution in Planning Area Mohals 1 Steep Slope Zone (>57%) The steep slopes are in southern and Chamukha, Sundernagar, south eastern side, covers almost 7% of Bari and Bahot the total land 2 Demarcated Protected South eastern and southern side of, Sundernagar, Bari and Forest and Open Forest covers 17% of land Bahot Area 3 Green Cover Scattered all over, covers 7% of the All over Planning Area total land Source: Prepared by Analysis based on Primary Survey

1. Almost 20% of the land has more than 30% of slope, which is not developable in terms of any sort of construction. 2. DPF (Demarcated protected forest) which covers almost 6% of total sundernagar planning area is marked as an eco-sensitive cum conservation site and is non developable for any construction of building or laying of road and similar nature activities. 3. The green covers (7% of total area) would be retained in its present form and connected through green corridor across the settlements.

11.3 Development Proposals The Development Plan addresses the central and local activities for town level and sectoral pursuits respectively. The related requirements thereof including parking, parks, open spaces and circulation network are to be detailed out in view of the local setting in accordance with the prescribed zoning regulations. Limitations to allocate services spatially-  Steep slope  Eco-sensitive zones  Demarcated Protected Forest  Buffer of 5m on both sides of Suketi Khad  Open Forest Area (Green Cover) and other streams The spatial structure of the planning area has implications for socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. It is affecting the town’s social characteristics, economic efficiency and potential for sustainability. Understanding and influencing Sundernagar town’s shape and expansion is an important dimension of the challenge to create sustainable, economically vibrant and socially inclusive development plan. However, the urban policy and planning framework in India has traditionally focused only on aspects such as population and economic output, while neglecting implications of spatial patterns and growth. The development plan aims to close this gap through the following proposals-

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 108

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1. Growth drivers of Sundernagar – BBMB Colony, 4-lane Expressway and Cement factory BBMB Colony is a prototype of corporate urbanisation. It has promoted industry-led growth and facilitated a range of municipal functions, provision of basic infrastructure and services in the domain of the private township, which has aided the surrounding settlements as well through infrastructure development. This colony is a model for inclusive cities, sustaining economic growth. The purpose of the new expressway system will be to connect Sundernagar urban center with Chandigarh, Mandi, Hamirpur, Bhakra-Nangal and Shimla. Cement is the binder that holds together urban centers. Self-reliance in cement production will be a major industrial target for the planning area as it will reduce the reliance on imports, reduce the cost of construction and facilitate further development of the economy through improved infrastructure. It will attract industrial workers for employment in the cement factory. 2. Traffic and Transportation The stretches & services proposed for better movement & transportation are as follows:  At Dhanotu, 4-Lane two-way bypass road.  At Pungh, 2-lane two-way bypass road envisaged to reduce the traffic congestion for local vehicles and pedestrian.  A 5.5m wide Circular Road at southern side of Sundarnagar MC for improvement of Tourism Node at Bhojpur.  Inter city bus movement is restriced in the town and the existing bus terminal has been relocated along proposed bypass road. A poosibility of IPT services will be explored for intra city movement. 3. Water Supply  Water supply with 100% coverage, shall be on 24x7 for equity, effective metering and for best hygiene model of supply. Systems leaks and thefts can easily be revealed only with a 24x7-supply pattern.  Augmentation of Water Treatment Plant of 12.55 MLD  New water reservoirs for supplying to end users.  Identification of new potential source.  Replacement or Repair of the old/defunct system.  Ensure Implementation of 100% Universal Consumer metering system.  Illegal connections shall be identified through water audit and community participation.  The ‘free connections’ shall also be metered and regulated such as free supply up to a pre- determined quantity.  Streamlining of household connections as well as legalized connections.  Awareness program for optimization of water use, recycling and recharging.  Wherever the number of rainy days is high, rainwater storage and use systems shall be used. Incentives may be provided on the quantum of water consumption avoided from the organized water supply system.  Introducing SCADA system to minimise water losses and theft.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 109

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Complaint redressal centers to be set up to look after the issues on water supply.  Further augmentation of existing WTP of 3.35 MLD required as per demand.  Use of Recycled water for meeting horticulture, air-conditioning, industrial cooling and other non-potable uses.  Implementation of Rain Water Harvesting scheme. 4. Storm Water Drainage  The proposals are aimed at improving the overall water quality in the planning area and address the issue of non-point source pollution impacts on the storm water while meeting additional storm water generated by increase in impervious surfaces in the planning area.  Storm water Drainage (SWD) system should designed as a separate system to carry storm water by gravity for the entire project area. All the primary storm water drains should be designed to have a capacity to carry the total discharge of all secondary and tertiary storm water drains.  Regular and proper operation and maintenance of drainage facility is essential to function.  Existing nallahs running through the planning area should be improved to increase the efficiency of natural channels. Improvement works shall consist of desilting of channel, development of banks, improvement of side slopes, and development of green belt around the nallahs and provision of culverts at road crossings. 5. Sewerage System  Laying sewerage network lines to entire planning area  The new treatment plant should be designed with provision for expansion to meet the requirements in the future  Treatment technology options which are land intensive should be explored for the new STP like Ecoline system  Provision of adequate public toilet complexes at public places and slums to ensure hygienic condition and environmental sanitation  Recycle and use of treated sewage- Tapping of a portion of the sewage generated to be used for greening of the open areas through Decentralised Waste Water System  Access to sanitation facilities shall be universalised (100%) including urban poor settlements, unauthorized slums /colonies.  All properties/ holdings should be connected to sewerage system, even if they are not connected to a public/municipality water supply system.  Sewerage system need not be the only sanitation system for liquid waste. Hence, Onsite sanitation systems shall be adopted for less dense settlements.  Sewerage charges shall be levied based on water consumed and in the water bill itself. In case of no water supply, alternative methods of billing shall be used.  For on-site sanitation, periodic cleaning shall be ensured. ULB may provide the equipment at a fee and for final disposal, depending on the type of on-site treatment involved.  Using a combination of on-site and off-site sewerage / sanitation systems for wastewater / sewage, 100% treatment shall be ensured, for environmental protection and sustainability.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 110

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6. Solid Waste Management  Segregation of Solid Waste at source  Regular Door to door collection  Proper Waste collection and transportation  Resource recovery through waste processing by using composting or waste to energy approaches  Disposal of waste in an environmentally safe and sustainable manner through land filling  PPP in management of Solid waste  Commissioning of landfilling site  Incineration for treatment of biomedical waste 7. Power

 To meet the additional power requirement till 2035, the addition of new 33/11kV Substation, addition and augmentation of secondary substation with addition/bifurcation/upgradation of subsequent distribution networks shall be required in Sundernagar planning area  For implementation of HVDS system, new 22kV and 11kV feeder to be created including augmentation and bifurcation of existing 22kV and 11kV feeders to improve the quality of power supply and reduction in distribution losses  All the consumers are to be fed through energy meters, which is RS 485, enabled, with a futuristic view for implementation of SCADA 8. Social Infrastructure  The existing Institutional area will continue to function as a major growth driver of the city as a Knowledge Hub  The skill level and educational attainment of the workforce determines the productivity as well as the ability to adapt to the changing industrial environment. To support the existing both government and private institutions, a Knowledge Hub/skill up gradation center would be developed as part of the proposed development. 45% of the workforce in the planning area will cater to this Knowledge Hub in the year 2035  The serene and tranquil atmosphere of the planning area will provide the ideal setting for learning and growing  The knowledge hub will be developed as a research tool for corporates to create Incubation Centers, IT facilities, Innovation Hubs, Entrepreneurship Cells and Scientific Labs in Higher Education Institutions  Inter-connecting institutions through ICT to achieve seamless sharing of knowledge and resources in elementary as well in higher education  PPP in Education - Education Service Delivery/ Skill Develop / ment Professional and Support Services/Infrastructure Initiatives  Fourteen Pre-Primary Schools in urban area and eight in rural areas have been proposed  Twenty-two additional dispensaries have been proposed in urban and rural areas  Two Maternity Homes and three Nursing homes have been proposed in urban areas  Nine Health Sub Centers distributed have been proposed in the rural areas

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 111

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Sub post offices are required to be proposed 13 nos. in rural areas. The Post Offices and Sub Post Offices shall be provided in the Neighbourhood Centers  15-number of Police posts are required which shall be distributed in the urban and rural areas  One Fire Station has been proposed in the Rural Area  Three Banquet hall in urban area and three in rural area is proposed. Also three Community Welfare Center is proposed in urban area to cater to the need of projected population  Seven Housing Area Parks are required, one in urban area and six in rural area  Two neighbourhood parks are proposed in urban area and three in rural area  One Botanical Garden is proposed in the Planning Area  Three Commercial Centers have been proposed in the Planning Area  Retail Shopping o Level I: City Level Shopping Center: One Central City Level Shopping center is envisaged and strategically located at the heart of the town; a new town level magnet is proposed to be developed at Sundernagar town o Level II: Community Level Shopping Center: The Community centers are major shopping complexes, which will be serving for reasonable selection of shops, Weekly Markets, Post office, Dispensary, Petrol Pump, are also the centers of socio-cultural activities where the people get together o Level III: Neighbourhood Level Shopping Center: Within the residential land use, in new developments, two categories of shopping centers shall be provided: o Sector-level shopping center-45 to 50 shops for a population of 5000 persons o Convenient shopping center-10 to 15 shops for a population of 1000 persons  Informal Sector: The informal sector trade and services are scattered within the Planning area. The informal sector units locate themselves strategically near work centers, commercial areas, outside the boundaries of schools, colleges and hospitals, transport nodes and near large housing clusters. It is proposed to integrate the informal sector in trade and services in the planned development. This would be appropriately incorporated in the following developments: o Community Center o Primary/Secondary/Senior o Neighbourhood Shopping Center Secondary/Integrated Schools o Convenience Shopping Center o Parks o Integrated Freight Complex o City/District/Community/Neighbo o Hospital urhood Parks o Bus terminal/Depot o Residential developments o Industrial development In all the above developments, 1% of the total area shall be reserved for informal sector/vendor market development. This area shall have temporary construction not to be included in coverage and FAR. At appropriate locations, reservations shall be made for night shelters. Thus, the city plan makes provision for the informal service sector spread over the city. Attractive design shall be prepared for the space for stationary and mobile vending.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 112

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Weekly Markets: The weekly markets and haats are a vital characteristic of Indian towns and have a sense of rich cultural identity attached to them. Spaces shall be allotted for weekly markets in the urban area. 9. Environment  A buffer around the forest boundary needs to be maintained as per the HP TCP Rules, 2015. The minimum distance of 5.00m from Forest boundary shall be maintained and minimum distance from existing tree shall be 2.00 m  No building activity shall be carried out within 100m from the boundary of the river Beas and the same shall be maintained as green buffer zone. The construction shall be allowed at distance of 3.00 M and 5.00 M from Nallah and Khad respectively  The river front areas may be developed based on a landscape plan with proper shelter design on the water expanse with attractive laser shows for tourists and visitors during festive seasons 10. Tourism  Sundarnagar Lake is also a major point of attraction which can be developed to enhance Tourism in various following ways: - o Develop proper pedestrian walkways surrounding the lake area with recreational activities so that it will attract the tourists as well as the local people o Parking area and proper pedestrian connectivity with that parking area to bund road for easy accessibility for all pedestrians so that public can easily park their vehicles and move towards the lake side o Proposed Viewpoints at lake side with proper sitting arrangement for public o Proposed Commercial Hub at existing bus terminal (as this is shifting) with proper pedestrian foot over bridge to connect direct bund road to separate the pedestrian movement from vehicular movement for safety movement of pedestrians  To give a soothing view to the passer-by on the 4-lane expressway, floriculture is proposed on the agricultural field adjacent to the Suketi Khad and the balancing reservoir o Sundernagar has agro-climatic conditions best suited for horticulture and floriculture. Horticulture is the mainstay of the rural economy, providing employment to large number of local inhabitants. The 4-lane expressway will provide natural beauty and picturesque locations. o Enhancing natural resource awareness o Maintaining, imporving, revitalizing and preserving local enviornment o Developing image o Presentation of tourism region o Increasing number of tourists o Promoting environmental responsibility

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 113

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 11-2 Proposed Day View of Hill Top Tourist Destination Site overlooking Sundernagar Lake

 Floriculture as well as Horticulture is proposed on the southern side of MC area along the Circular Road. Agro-eco-tourism is the latest concept in the Indian tourism industry, which normally occurs on farms. This floriculture development will be a symbiotic association of farming sector, tourism industry and farm business. It will provide the opportunity to experience the real enchanting and authentic contact with nature, maintain the landscape of the countryside and contribute to the vitality of rural communities and environmental protection. 11. New Residential area has been proposed in Bhojpur Agricultural land in the planning area will be converted to residential use. The extent of housing disparity and unplanned growth is clearly affecting the planning area’s overall productivity and competitiveness. The planning area needs to open up land to create a stock of publicly owned and affordable housing within integrated, well-connected and environmentally protected townships. Investment in longer-distance public transport, including on potential new routes that link new decentralized employment opportunities, is one favored mechanism. Simplified development procedures, and re-incentivisation of the rental sector can also be part of the equation to ease pressure on middle and low-income housing. 12. Mahadev, Kaniad and Bhaur to function as growth nodes outside the urbanisable boundary Planned townships that are being built away from major urban hubs and chaos are becoming the need of urban residents provided with all essential components of daily life within walking distance of each other. Growth Nodes outside the urbanisable boundary are the new hopes when a town is already saturated, then outward movement is a better option compared to the

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 114

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

congested vertical growth within the main town. These new growth nodes will offer a safe, practical, healthy solution for modern living and provide an interesting counterpoint to the congestion, chaos and frantic experience of urban life 13. The peri-urban area envisaged to be agriculture with natural growth of village settlements The peri-urban fringes will have huge potential, as they will be the future extensions for self- sustaining development. Population will increase due to rural-urban migration coupled with infrastructure developments. This rise in population will be increasingly decentralized. The process of peri-urbanization and rurbanization around the planning area will be a functional integration of Sundernagar town and new residential neighborhoods established in the rural fringes. 14. Special Area Proposals  Cultural and Recreational Complex The hill top vantage point towards the southeastern side of sundernagar town is centrally located in reference to the prime active nodes of the town. It is well surrounded by institutes of regional and state importance and is almost 1.5 km away from the national highway making it suitable for a city level recreational and cultural place. Cut and fill on the buildable slopes must be discouraged and permissible upto maximum 15% of the land available. The preferable solution will be to build on stilts and keep ground free for public movement and natural growth. This landscape will also be an important catchment area for regional tourists, being attracted for eco-tourism for presence of its breathtaking points, nature screening, sunset point, Sundernagar Lake view and green open forests also increasing employment opportunities for locals.  Proposed area for non-built activities (upto 23%) Comparatively plain land of above mentioned slope percentage must be used for large public gathering activities, Public garden, parks and special gardens. The permissible and permitted built uses are outdoor play areas, swimming pool, jogging tracks, Open-air cinema and theatre for performance, Picnic huts and camping sites, Botanical and zoological gardens.  Proposed area for Built Form above 23% Built form concerning to only public activities (i.e. cultural and recreational) must not be built above 10 m height to immediate ground in any case. Minimum 70 % of the ground coverage of building which is directly accessible should be kept for public use/left natural/can be landscaped. Rest 30% can be enclosed and used for access to upper floors and for services. The permissible built uses are: Hotel or holiday resort with banquet and conference halls, restaurants and eateries, auditoriums (closed and open), art gallery, museum and library, monuments, botanical and zoological gardens.  Ribbon development along the roads, especially on the fringes Ribbon development especially in hilly regions is a very common phenomenon. It is considered as haphazard in nature and grows incrementally adjacent to major roads radiating outside the city core/center. If kept unplanned it is certain to put additional pressure over the infrastructure

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 115

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

and generate numerous conflict zones. To convert this “ribbon development” in to an asset a detailed area based planning is in need. Although, the generic development regulations catering to this type of development are as follows: i. Polycentric nodes and their hierarchy: Development needs to be considered curbing the haphazard ribbon development on the road edges along National highway. ii. Access: At 500 m and 300 m offset iii. Existing land use along the belt: (Based on the mentioned case references.) iv. Buffer zone/ green belt: (Based on the mentioned case references) v. Service road: (Based on the mentioned case references)

The identified stretches (3 no’s) in sundernagar radiating outside the city core with in the planning boundary are as follows: Stretch 1: Road connecting sundernagar and Shimla towards southeast has continuous dense edge development on both sides. The development is majorly mixed use and commercial with very less residential settlements. This road adjacent to B.B.M.S. is expecting major land and built use changes because of upcoming cement plant at Keran adjacent to city planning limits. Stretch 2: Road which connects Sundernagar and Mandi towards north has sparse edge development and is comparatively on a flatter terrain. The land use contains a mix of residential, commercial, public and semi – public, agriculture as well as industrial in some places. There are some major roads connecting this national highway at intervals between 300 m – 900 m where a mix of activities is existing. Stretch 3: Road which connects Bilaspur and then Chandigarh has very sparse adjacent development. It is in a valley between steep hills and runs parallel to a natural canal. There are no major roads connecting the national highway and has majorly forestland with some pockets of residential, mixed use and agriculture.

To curtail Ribbon Development on the NH-154 and SH-13, 12m wide service roads have been proposed on either side on the NH/SH with limited and restricted entry and exist points  New development is proposed to happen on the service roads thus solving problems of keeping local distance traffic and pedestrians safe from the National Highway (NH) traffic.  Service roads are used to control access to the major roads. Secondary roads joining the primary road would merge with the service road first. The service road will provide access to the major road only at regular but longer intervals (as per NHAI and IRC codes and regulations).  Strict regulations for offsets from national highways and detail planning of buffer activities not generating any heavy vehicular traffic clogging the highway.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 116

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 11-2: Strategies for Curbing Ribbon Development Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

Case 4:

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 117

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 New Town Area along the Upcoming City Bypass With the construction of 4-lane expressway, the growth of the city will shift to the western edge of the planning instead of prevailing ribbon development along the NH. In order to take maximum advantage of the 4-lane expressway and have a planned development, it is envisaged to develop the western edge as commercial-cum-institutional hub with MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferencing, and Exhibitions) activities. If it is seen spatially, the BBMB colony and the activities along it will act as the growth drivers of the city This will help in infrastructure development and connectivity to prepare for the northerly and easterly drift of business and employment clusters, and to ensure wider access to economic development. This road bypass will help in the urban spatial growth, which will be determined by relative rising land prices between the town and surrounding areas as well as by the profitability of agriculture in surrounding areas. Developers in the town will respond to growing demand for property, hence developing areas on the periphery. The development of this notably trunk infrastructure will have a significant influence on the proposed development. The 150 m wide development belt is comprised of four blocks of different combinations with corner plot of each block to be used for commercial purposes and convention purposes. The minimum interval of any access opening directly to main road is 500m (as per national highway regulations). The access must be provided from the inner roads leading to inner local roads or on the service road. The land use wise development controls within the new area are as follows- . Commercial: Permissible ground coverage is maximum 60% with 3 FAR and 21 m as maximum permissible height. The permissible activities are commercial retail shops and shopping malls, hotels, business and professional offices, conference halls, banquet halls, art galleries, auditoriums, cinema halls, Social and welfare institutions, Convention centers. Top floors to be used for open recreational activities such as restaurants, eateries, conference and meeting halls, party areas etc. . Institutional: The institutional land use adjacent to the commercial corner has 30% ground coverage with 0.75 FAR. A mix of more than two activities permissible under the assigned land use is encouraged. The permissible activities include Universities and specialised educational institute, polytechnic, colleges, research and development centers, social and welfare centers, libraries, social and cultural institutes, conference halls, exhibition centers, auditoriums, open air theatre, recreational club, playground, banks, police station/police posts, public utilities and buildings. Although, the restricted activities after permissions from concerned authorities are Residential flat and residential plot for staff employees, hostels, water supply installations, service stations, daily commercial shops. . Recreational: Open green parks with recreational and community development activities, playgrounds, Clubs, outdoor stadiums with/ without health center for players and staff, Sports training centers, specialized parks/maidans for multiuse, swimming pool, Library, public utilities. . Root Zone Park: A specialized wetland / root zone park functioning as a city level recreational park to be used for cleaning the treated sewerage water primarily for ground water recharge. The root zone reactors will help in maintaining various demands like DO, BOD, COD and nitrate and phosphorus levels in water. It will also cater to the future needs of treatment of wastewater through natural ways intending to increase dependency on the natural methods.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 118

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

 Lake Front Development Proposals The Lake (Balancing Reservoir) Edge is under frequent transformation since conception and is prone to change in future with major inflow of economic and tourist activities in and around the town. The scattered green lands are continuously being encroached resulting haphazard growth. A regulated and planned development especially for edge control is proposed to limit the public activities at specific junctions and areas with a green belt as buffer to be controlled as no built zone. It also further enhances the town character and liveability by utilizing this asset. The already active lake edge is recalibrated and reorganized to be used only for public activities with existing B.B.M.B functions. A mix of certain activities and functions are proposed which can be achieved through 3 type of interventions; a more transparent and accessible movement system, mix of certain permissible activities at junctions and guidelines for land use with built use regulations of the water edge. The elaboration of the same are as follows: Accessibility: The town is well accessible regionally and is connected with important cities like mandi and shimla. After the alignment of new 4-lane by-pass road, the restructuring of lake bund road and surroundings is required. To ensure the smooth and safe connections to the city from both north and south side around the lake few linages are proposed. These connections further unlock potential growth areas of the city. Bund Road (Inner Ring Road): The existing bund road has a vehicular access and users park their vehicles haphazardly on road edge. A proposal comprising shorter vehicular loops designated parking areas and a parallel connection will discourage vehicular parking and frequent access. The bund road is already being used for public activities and pedestrian movement although there is huge lack of amenities. A walkable and shaded walkway along water with streetlights, seating areas, toilets and viewpoint at various intervals will encourage pedestrian movement and discourage vehicular traffic. Outer Ring Road: The fragmented exiting city roads are connected together to make an outer ring road around lake bund ring road. This also connects further to the upcoming 4-lane by-pass and establishes the only connection from the new town area to the main town. This strategic intervention further decongests the town’s inner lanes and bund road by encouraging and facilitating pedestrian movement. Across bund: To encourage pedestrian movement towards the lakefront and discourage vehicular traffic, some strategic pedestrian connects (steps) are being proposed with possible parking areas at or near those junctions. These connections will improve the neighbourhood and city level connections to water edge. Nodes: Certain nodes of neighbourhood, city and regional level importance are proposed at intervals where any important connection (vehicular or pedestrian) is meeting the inner ring road. The distance between these nodes range from 300 - 450 m which is a comfortable distance for walking. These will be well equipped with public amenities and facilities with possible parking areas encouraging pedestrian movements around lake. They will also have recreational and mixed-use functions accordingly based on the potential and availability of developable and accessible land. The proposed uses at these junctions are movable/temporary kiosks for food and snacks, public toilets, drinking water points, shaded seating/gazeebos. A system of secondary node can also be developed at the junctions leading to inner ring road form outer. These junctions have potential to exploit the characters of a pause point facilitated

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 119

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

with mixed use, commercial and public land and built use functions. They can also be used for parking vehicles encouraging further pedestrian movement. Refer Figure 11-3 Proposed Node Development at Lake Front. Land Use and Built Use: The land use and built use regulation ensures controlled and spot based development by permitting certain change in land uses and restricting no-built green zones around the lake reservoir edge to be used purely for public and recreational activities. The categories mentioned below are further elaboration of the same. Green Belt: A green belt buffer around Reservoir Lake is proposed and can be divide as below- Afforestation area to be used primarily for dense plantation. These are primarily forestlands, which will have minimum or no public activities/movement. Accessible green areas comprise primarily agriculture land (floriculture and similar activities) and buffer areas to natural water canal. These will be permissible for creating any access (crossover) and for creating water cleaning and rainwater collection systems. The existing Public Park, playgrounds and gardens with public facilities and walkways require no permanent building. Government Land (Developable Land): 1. Land parcel 1: The land became more accessible after proposed ring road, which is adjoining the land and connecting 4-lane road to existing National Highway. The permissible use proposed is Social and Cultural activities. This Community Hub will provide a central access point for a range of needed health and social services, along with cultural, recreational, and green spaces to nourish community life. It will be a gathering place for communities to live, build and grow together. 2. Land parcel 2: After relocation of existing city bus stand the land parcel available has been proposed to be redeveloped as a Flea Market and Fair Ground. This Flea market will be a type of bazaar that will include clothing, jewelry, handicrafts, souvenirs, books, accessories, bags, household items etc, by vendors and will attract tourists as well as locals. 3. Land parcel 3: The land adjoining BSNL colony on the opposite side of the reservoir. This land has been proposed to be redeveloped for Cultural Center. The proposed centers would be centers of excellence for promotion of various visual arts like painting, sculpture and ceramics and performing arts like music, dance, theatre, etc. It will have a specialized role in promoting and training people in visual and performing arts. Mixed Use: The land adjacent to lake edge and directly accessible to the bund road is proposed to have a mix of offices, commercial and hospitality. The land adjacent to lake edge has specified land use assignments and are segregated based on- 1. Directly accessible or non-accessible. 2. Developable or non-developable. 3. Land from where water is directly visible or not.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 120

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Figure 11-3 Proposed Node Development at Lake Front

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 121

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

12. LANDUSE PLAN

The Land Use of an area deals with the various socio-economic activities occurring in a particular area/ land. It is one of the most important aspect of a development plan as it helps study the spatial development pattern. The chapter will feature the existing and proposed pattern of development of the planning area through the study of various land use categories such as residential, commercial, public semi-public, recreational, religious, etc. and the type of structure occupying the specific area/land.

12.1 Land Use Classification

The land use plan has been prepared on the contoured Base Map provided by AGiSAC (Aryabhatta Geo Informatics Space Application Centre), Department of Environment, Science and Technology, Shimla. The base map has been prepared on IKONOS-2 satellite image having 1.0 m resolution. After interpretation of land utilisation or land cover from the satellite imagery, a predominant land use survey was conducted to identify the various land uses within the planning area. As the planning area comprises of both urban and rural areas, the land use classification adopted is comprised of urban and regional level land uses as specified in the URDPFI guidelines with reference to the Census of India. Consequently, two level classification of land use have been adopted for the planning area (Refer Table 12-1).

Table 12-1: Land Utilization and Classification Sl. Landuse Classification Land Use Sub-Classification Code No. Existing R-1 1 Residential Use Proposed R-2 Retail Shopping Zone and Service Sector C-1 2 Commercial Use Hospitality: Hotels/Lodges C-2 Wholesale, Go‐downs, Warehousing/ Regulated markets C-3 Residential and Commercial M-1 3 Mixed Use Residential and Household Industries M-2 4 Industrial Use I Govt./ Semi Govt. / Public Offices PS-1 Educational and Institutional PS-2 Medical and Health PS-3 5 Public/Semi-Public Use Heritage and Socio-Cultural PS-4 Public Amenities/Utilities and Services PS-5 Govt Land (Undetermined) PS-6 Playgrounds/ Stadium/ Sports Complex P-1 6 Recreational Use Parks & Gardens – Public open spaces P-2 Multi‐open space (Maidan) P-3 Road 7 Transport Use Railway T-1

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 122

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Sl. Landuse Classification Land Use Sub-Classification Code No. Bus Depots/ Truck Terminals T-2 Parking T-3 Agriculture PA-1 Plantation PA-2 8 Primary Activity Use Forest PA-3 Brick Kiln/ Mud Quarry PA-4 Water bodies E-1 Protected & 9 Protected Forest E-2 Undevelopable Use Green Belt/Buffer E-3 10 Special Area S Source: Based on Directorate of Land Records, Census of India, 2011 and URDPFI Guidelines 2014 12.2 Existing Land Use Plan

Based on the AGISAC information, the total land in Sundernagar Planning Area (2557.43 Ha) only 510.40 Ha i.e., 19.96 % is developable and remaining 2047.01 Ha i.e., 80.04 % is non-developable. Of the total land, about 69.42 % is under residential area. Transportation, which includes roads, parking areas and other transportation facilities, constitutes an area of 1.00 Ha i.e., 0.20% of the total area. The commercial area, public and semi-public area and mixed use in Sundernagar Planning Area account for nearly 4.673 %, 12.01 % and 7.01 % of total developed area respectively. In the Planning area, recreational landuse comprises of 8.33 Ha of land which is 1.63 % of the total area. Table 12.2 shows the land use distribution of Sundernagar Planning Area. 12.2.1 Residential Use Sundernagar comprises of 354.30 Ha of area under residential use which works out to be 69.42 % of the Planning Area. The residential areas are generally occupied by two to three storeyed houses. The housing areas are sprawling along the highways, around the old town, government colonies such BBMB Colony, village abadis and in the agricultural fields. The old residential localities are located along the Purana Bazar and old Bus Stand in the central area town. The new extensions are coming up along the two National Highways particularly in Bhojpur. The BBMB Colony occupies the major residential area in the town and is the largest government housing colony in the planning area. Residential use intermix with the commercial use is a common phenomenon. Shops on ground floor and residential use in the upper floors is a common sight on the major roads within the town. 12.2.2 Commercial Use Most of the commercial establishments are located along NH-154, in the Purana Bazzar area and in the vicinity of the Main Market near the Bus stand. NH-154 is highly commercialised starting from the PWD rest house upto the Bus stand and forms the hub of all trade and commerce in the town. Apart from this, there is a Subzi Mandi at junction of NH-154 and SH-13 and a timber market-cum- building material market along Mahadev Road (SH-13). The commercial use consists of 23.85 Ha which is 4.67 % of the Planning Area. The Commercial actvity in the form of ribbon development is a common phenomenon along the NH and SH.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 123

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

12.2.3 Public and Semi Public Use The total land under public and semi-public use is 61.29 Ha which is 12.01 % of the total Planning Area. The area under public and semi-public use include facilities comprising of education, health, postal, police etc. including government and semi-government offices and utilities including water supply, sewerage, electricity, telephone establishments and garbage disposal sites. 12.2.4 Traffic and Transportation Use The road network and transportation facilities covers about 0.20 % of the total Planning Area. The major roads of the planning area i.e., NH-154, SH-13 and other lower order roads connect various residential areas of the town. The area under-transportation facilities are bus stand, taxi stand and parking lots. 12.2.5 Recreational Use Sundernagar being the hub of education has a lot of playgrounds to cater to the physical and sports needs of the students. In the Planning area, recreational landuse comprises of 8.33 Ha of land which is 1.63 % of the total area. The forests in and around the town are also serving as Open Spaces. Conservation of green area within the planning area will lead to reduction in deterioration of the natural environment and will add to breathing spaces for the surrounding region also. 12.2.6 Industrial Use Industrial landuse constitutes 5.07 % of the Planning Area. Industries include Supply and Manufacturing units of iron, wood and steel fabrication based products, paper products, auto- repair and services etc. There is a project of Cement factory which has been initiated by the government in Keran. At present the government has given stay order for the factory project in terms of environment clearance along with the proceedings of land acquisition which may take next few more years for getting necessary approvals and establishment of the factory. 12.2.7 Primary Activity Primary Activity comprises of 77.94 % of the Planning Area. Primary Activity landuse has been categorised into agriculture, forest and brick kiln. An area of 86.37 Ha is under Protected Forest which is 3.38 % of the Planning Area. 12.2.8 Water Bodies Use The area under water bodies primarily the lake or the balancing resevior, canal, nullahs and khad is 112.00 Ha which is 5.47 % of the Planning Area. The following table gives the details about the existing Landuse of Sundernagar Planning Area. Table 12.2: Land Use Distribution, 2016 Landuse Area (in Sl.No. Type Type Detailed In % Code Ha) 1 Residential Residential R-1 354.3045 69.42 2 Commercial Commercial C-1 23.85 4.67 3 Mixed Mixed M-1 35.77 7.01 4 Public Semi-Public Public Semi-Public PSP 61.29 12.01 5 Industrial Industrial I 25.86 5.07 Playgrounds P-1 6.84 1.34 6 Recreational Parks P-2 1.49 0.29

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 124

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Landuse Area (in Sl.No. Type Type Detailed In % Code Ha) 7 Transportation Transportation T 1 0.20 Developable Area 510.4045 100.00 Agriculture PA-1 1595.5 77.94 8 Primary Activity Forest PA-3 216.55 10.58 Brick Kiln PA-4 36.59 1.79 9 Protected Forest Protected Forest E-2 86.37 4.22 10 Waterbodies Waterbodies E-1 112 5.47 Grand Total 2557.43 100 Refer Annexures for the Existing Landuse Map. 12.3 Land Allocation Mechanism

Allocation of developable land for different uses in line with the requirements envisaged for the next 20 years i.e. upto the year 2035 is made and proposed land-use structure devised accordingly. The various landuses have been proposed keeping in view the availability of developable land in each sector, holding capacity in terms of population and activities, existing landuse of the area, development potentials, conformity of landuse of its surrounding areas, threshold population for facilities, locational attributes of amenities, site characteristics, convenient distance of work areas from residential area, land values etc. As the Government land is scarce almost entire infrastructural development including roads, commercial activities, residential activities, has to take place on private land in accordance with population of the area, topographical conditions and potentials and propensities of land. The land owners, however, resist for any sort of proposal for community uses and compel the authorities to change the proposals. Further detailing of proposals will have to be done in accordance with prescribed zoning and sub-divisions regulations by the local bodies in primarily built up areas, the Revenue Department and the development agency through limited land acquisition, land pooling reconstitution mechanism involving land owners in the new areas. Uses pertaining to various economic activities like trade, commerce, tourism, industries and income generating amenities if, segregated and provided separately in patches, are unsustainable. Similarly, facilities and services like schools, nursing homes, banks, telephone exchange and other financial institutions also needs to be close proximity of the habitation. On the contrary, Government and Semi-Government Offices, Postal Facilities, Police Service etc. are essentially town level facilities which can be at a central location away from the habitation as well. The Development Plan, therefore, addresses the central and local activities for town level/regional and sectoral pursuits respectively. The related requirements thereof including parking, parks, open spaces and circulation networks are to be detailed out in view of the local setting in accordance with the prescribed zoning regulations. 12.4 Proposed Land Use Plan

12.4.1 Residential Use Existing Population Density of 85 pph is within range as per URDPFI guidelines same has been considered for Proposed Population Density. An area of 448.51 Ha (53.18 %) has been proposed for the residential purpose within the urbanisable area. The residential areas are proposed to be

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 125

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

developed in the surroundings of the Municipal Council Areas around the existing settlements and along the proposed 4-lane expressway. 12.4.2 Commercial Use A total area of 26.03 Ha (3.09 %) has been proposed for Commercial Use Most of the commercial facilities have been proposed within the urbanisable area in order to cater to the residing population. Shopping centers are proposed to be developed along with hotels and hospitality industries and requisite infrastructure, along the proposed 4-lane expressway in Dodhu and Kalohad villages. Moreover, the Development Plan envisages to prepare improvement schemes for the existing shopping center to ensure improvement in environmental quality. To cater to the incoming tourist in the town, land for boarding and lodging of future tourist traffic has been allotted within the urbanisable limits of the Sundernagar Planning Area along with other conforming land uses. 12.4.3 Mixed Use An area of 38.91 Ha (4.61 %) has been allocated for mixed use development with the planning area. Mixed use zones have been proposed along the National and State Highway. 12.4.4 Industry Use As area of 30.36 Ha (3.60 %) has been allocated for industrial development with the planning area. It is proposed to accommodate agro based, horticulture and forest based industries and IT and ITeS industries apart from handicraft and cottage industries in form of organized industrial area. 12.4.5 Public and Semi Public Use The Public and Semi-Public Use includes utilities, facilities, services, Government and Semi Government offices and Institutions. The Utilities i.e. water supply, sewerage, drainage, electricity, telephone establishments, garbage disposal etc. and Facilities like education, health, postal, police, fire fighting, banking etc. besides Government and semi Government offices etc. have been given due consideration for allocation of a land for this purpose in the Development plan. These Institutions have extraneous influence zone beyond the immediate hinterland. These institutions are proposed to be developed through their own mechanism by the respective authorities. Proposed public and semi-public facilities is 78.91 Ha (9.36 %) comprising of utilities, facilities and services in. the Planning Area by the year 2035. 12.4.6 Recreational Use An area of 32.01 Ha (3.80 %) has been proposed for organised parks and open spaces. The open forests in and around the town also serve as recreational spaces to the town. Besides them, a Botanical and a Zoological park has also been proposed in the Bari. 12.4.7 Traffic and Transportation Use As the town has grown along the NH-154, there is a lot of regional traffic on these roads for which improvement in road network is proposed. The Development Plan envisages to provide parking lots on outskirts of the existing built up area to meet with the requirements of increasing traffic volume on major entry points to already congested town. An area of 188.65 Ha (22.37 %) has been proposed for Traffic and Transportation Use. Additional requirement of land is for new bus terminal, parking, truck terminal and taxi stand.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 126

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Additional area required for projected population in 2035 (In Ha) Additional area required for projected population Sl.No. Type in 2035 (In Ha) Remark Range 50-55% 1 Residential 88.5 considered 52.5% residential landuse Shopping Centers proposed along 4 lane 2 Commercial 2 expressway Proposed along the National and State 3 Mixed 3 Highway 4 Public Semi-Public 15 Agro-based, Horticulture, IT based and forest 5 Industrial 4.5 based industries 6 Recreational 26 Proposed Organised Parks & Open Spaces Proposed For Parking Areas, Terminals and 7 Transportation 22 Road widening Total 161 Table 12.3: Land Use Distribution, 2035 SI.No. Type Type Detailed Landuse Code Area (in Ha) In % 1 Residential Residential R -1, R-2 448.51 53.18 2 Commercial Commercial C-1 26.03 3.09 3 Mixed Mixed M-1 38.91 4.61 4 Public Semi-Public Public Semi-Public PSP 78.91 9.36 5 Industrial Industrial I 30.36 3.60 6 Recreational Playgrounds P-1 6.31 0.75 Parks P-2 25.70 3.05 7 Transportation Transportation T 188.65 22.37 Developable Area 843.38 100.00 8 Primary Activity Agriculture PA-1 1261.42 73.61 Forest PA-3 241.63 14.10 Brick Kiln PA-4 18.15 1.06 9 Protected Forest Protected Forest E-2 86.04 5.02 10 Waterbodies Waterbodies E-1 80.23 4.68 11 Green Buffer Green Buffer E-3 26.19 1.53 Grand Total 2557.43 100.00 Refer Annexures for the Proposed Land Use Map 2035.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 127

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13. GENERAL DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS, BUILDING BY-LAWS AND PROCEDURE OF PLAN SANCTION This chapter presents a brief overview of the Development Promotion/Control Regulations to promote and regulate development controls for building(s) within use premises in accordance with the development policies and land use proposals for the study area. The regulations will act as a mechanism to grant permissions for creation of infrastructure facilities for the city and also to implement the broad land use policies for the study area. 13.1 Objective of the Regulation Regulations/Building Bye Laws are legal tools for development control used to regulate ground coverage, height and architectural design and construction aspects of buildings to achieve orderly development of an area. They are statutory in nature and serve to protect buildings against fire, earth quake, noise, structural failures and other hazards. They also safeguard appropriate indoor environment for inhabitants with natural light & ventilation. Regulations/Building Bye Laws also helps to avoid encroachments and protect the road right of way. All mandatory regulations w.r.t. Development Plan/ Development Control Regulations regarding use, coverage, FAR, set-backs, open spaces, height, number of stories, number of dwelling units, parking standards etc., for various categories of buildings, including modifications therein, made from time to time, shall be applicable mutatis-mutandis in the Building Regulations as well. All amendments/ modifications made in these Regulations will automatically be included as part of the Development Control Regulations. 13.2 Jurisdiction of Regulations These Regulations shall apply to the sub-division of land and building activities in the Sundernagar Planning Area. The detail of Revenue Mohals falling in Sundernagar Planning Area is as under: Table 13-1: Components of Sundernagar Planning Area Sl. No. Name of Revenue Villages Area Included Hadbast No. Area (In Ha.) 1 Bhaur Completely 4 188.43 2 Kanaid Completely 6 167.92 3 Chowk Completely 7 162.92 4 Jugahan Completely 8 76.94 5 Bharjwanoo Completely 9 158.03 6 Mahadev Completely 10 162.59 7 Ghangal Completely 14 102.32 8 Kalohad Partly 27 31.99 9 Dodhu Partly 30 53.70 10 Derdu Partly 34 6.60 11 Thala Partly 35 27.82 12 Chamukha Completely 41 202.74 13 Bahot Completely 25 69.41 14 Ropa Completely 26/1 76.39 15 DPF Changar (B) Completely 26/2 1.52 16 DPF Changar (A) Completely 26/3 9.95

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 128

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Sl. No. Name of Revenue Villages Area Included Hadbast No. Area (In Ha.) 17 Sundernagar Colony Completely 26/4 118.74 18 Purana Nagar Completely 26/5 45.63 19 Bhojpur Completely 26/6 98.49 20 Pungh Completely 26/7 120.59 21 Sundernagar Completely 26/8 376.05 22 Bari Completely 26/9 299.16 Total 2557.43 Source: TCP Department

13.3 Applicability of Regulations Except hereinafter or otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to: - i. all new development and re-development of a plot ii. sub-division of land iii. erection and/or re-erection of a building iv. and all building activities These Regulations shall be read in conjunction with the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 and the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014 as amended from time to time and shall be applicable for a period for which this Development Plan has been prepared, after which these shall be reviewed. Till such time the reviewed Regulations are notified, these will continue to be in force. 13.3.1 New Development and Re-development Redevelopment is replacement of the existing built-up environment and enables co-creation of a new layout with enhanced infrastructure and increased density. These Regulations applies to the design, construction or re-construction and additions and alterations of new & existing buildings within the plot. 13.3.2 Part Construction In case of part construction, where the whole or part of a building is demolished, altered, or re- constructed, except where otherwise specifically stipulated, these Regulations shall apply only to the extent of the work involved. 13.3.3 Re-construction The re-construction in whole or part of a building which has ceased to operate due to fire, natural collapse or demolition having been declared unsafe, or which is likely to be demolished, as the case may be, these Regulations shall apply. 13.3.4 Existing approved building Nothing in these Regulations shall require the removal, alteration or abandonment, nor prevent continuance of the lawfully established use or occupancy of an existing approved building unless, in the opinion of the Competent Authority, such a building is unsafe or constitutes a hazard to the safety of adjacent property or to the occupants of the building itself. 13.4 Development Permission Development or re-development shall carry out including sub-division on any plot or land (not forming part of any approved layout plan or scheme) after obtaining approval for the layout plan from the Competent Authority only.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 129

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13.5 Building Permission 13.5.1 Building Permission Any person intending to erect, re-erect or make addition/ alterations in any building or cause the same to be done shall first obtain appropriate building permission for each such building from the Competent Authority. The following items of works are exempted from the above Regulation: (i) Plastering/cladding and patch repairs, except for the Heritage Buildings where Heritage Conservation Committee’s permission is required. (ii) Re-roofing or renewal of roof including roof of intermediate floor at the same height. (iii) Flooring and re- flooring. (iv) Opening windows, ventilators and doors opening within the owners plot. (v) Rehabilitation/repair of fallen bricks, stones, pillars, beams etc. (vi) Construction or re- construction of sunshade not more than 0.75 Metre in width within one’s own land and not overhanging over a public street. (vii) Construction or re-construction of parapet and also construction or reconstruction of boundary walls as permissible under Bye Laws. (viii) White washing, painting etc. including erection of false ceiling in any floor at the permissible clear height provided the false ceiling in no way can be put to use as a loft /mezzanine floor etc. (ix) Reconstruction of portions of buildings damaged by storm, rains, fire, earthquake or any other natural calamity to the same extent as existed prior to the damage as per sanctioned plan, provided the use conforms to provisions of Development Plan. (x) Erection or re-erection of internal partitions provided the same are within the preview of the Bye-laws. (xi) For erection of Lifts in existing buildings in residential plotted development (low–rise). (xii) Change/ Installation/ re-arranging/ relocating of fixtures or equipments without hindering other’s property/ public property shall be permitted. (xiii) Landscaping (xiv) Toilet/Washroom, Security Room, up to a maximum area of 9.00 M2 only (permitted within setback area, provided it does not obstruct fire vehicles movement) in plot more than 3000 M2. (xv) A Porta cabin up to 4.50 M2 permitted within setback area, provided it does not obstruct fire vehicles movement. 13.5.2 Grant, Refusal and Deemed to be Sanctioned If within the time limit stipulated in the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 as amended from time to time for various categories of buildings specified therein or the Competent Authority fails to intimate in writing to the person, who has applied for permission of its refusal or sanction or any intimation, the application with its plans and statements shall be deemed to have been sanctioned; Provided that the fact is immediately brought to the notice of the Competent Authority in writing by the person; and

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 130

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Subject to the conditions mentioned in these Bye-laws, nothing shall be constructed to authorize any person to do anything in contravention or against the terms of lease or titles of the land or against any other Regulations, Bye-laws or Ordinance operating on the site of the work. In case the Competent Authority rejects the application due to any reasons, the applicant can re- submit the building plan along with fees and with compliances. 13.6 Already permitted buildings Building permission issued by the Competent Authority before these Regulations come in to effect and where construction is in progress and has not been completed within the specified period from the date of such permission, the said permission shall be deemed to be valid and shall only be eligible for re-validation thereunder. Accordingly, where the validity of permission has expired, such construction shall be governed by the provisions of these Regulations. If the validity of permission has not expired and construction has not being started, such applicants may revise the layout plan as per these regulations. 13.7 Procedure for obtaining Permission 13.7.1 Application The application for development of land to be undertaken on behalf of the Union or State Government under Section 28 and under Section 29 by a Local Authority or any Authority specially constituted under the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 as amended from time to time shall be accompanied by such documents as prescribed under Rule- 14 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014. The application for development of land to be undertaken under Section 30 by any person not being the Union or State Government, Local Authority or any Authority specially constituted under the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 as amended from time to time shall be in such Form along with the Specifications Sheet and Schedule attached with these Forms and containing such documents and with such fee as prescribed under Rule 16 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014. All the applications shall be made online. The procedure documents to be submitted online shall be as prescribed in the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning web portal i.e., http://tcp.hp.gov.in 13.7.2 Documents Required Apart from above, the applicant shall furnish the following additional documents namely: 13.7.2.1 Administrative Documents: 1. A copy of Ownership documents, i.e. latest original Jamabandi. 2. Latest original Tatima showing Khasra number of land in question, adjoining Khasra numbers from all sides of plot and width of the approach path/road. 3. Copy of Treasury Challan Form vide which requisite fee has been deposited. 4. To avail any compensatory benefits due to land acquisition for any public infrastructure a certificate from the Municipal council/Nagar Panchayat or Gram Panchayat or Competent Authority as the case may be, shall be enclosed in support of claim for compensatory benefits. 13.7.2.2 Technical Documents: 1. Location Plan in the Scale of 1:1000, with North direction indicating the land in question, main approach roads, important physical features of the locality/area, important public buildings like School, Hospital, Cinema, Petrol Pump etc. and surrounding ownership.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 131

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2. Site Plan in the scale of 1:200 with North direction indicating the proposed site, approach road, adjoining buildings, the existing and proposed utility infrastructure such as drainage and sewerage, water supply and power including the built-up area and open area clearly. Site must tally with the shape and dimensions of plot shown in the Tatima. 3. Building Plan showing floor plans, elevations and sections in the scale of 1: 100. The architectural drawings duly signed by the private professionals registered under Appendix-10 of Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules 2014 as amended from time to time. 4. Recommended notation for colouring of plans: The site and building plans shall be coloured as specified in the table given below. Where items of work are not identified, the colouring notation used shall be indexed Table 13-2: Colouring of Plans Sr. No. Item Site Plan Building Plan RGB Codes for soft copies 1. Plot lines Thick Black Thick Black 0,0,0 2. Existing Street Green …… 0,128,0 3. Future Street (if any) Green dotted …… 0,128,0 4. Permitted building line Thick dotted …… 0,0,0 Black 5. Existing work (Outline) Black Black 0,0,0 6. Work proposed to be demolished Yellow hatched Yellow hatched 255,255,0 7. Proposed— (a)Additions/Alterations. (a) Red (a) Red 255,0,0 (b) Entirely new work (b)Not to be (b)Not to be coloured coloured 8. Drainage Red dotted Red dotted 255,0,0 9. Water Supply Blue dotted Blue dotted 0,0,255

5. In the Site Plan, the horizontal distance of electricity line, from development as per Indian Electricity Rules, in case any electricity line is passing over or nearby the proposed site shall be shown. 6. A certificate from the Nagar Panchayat or Gram Panchayat or Competent Authority, as the case may be, shall be enclosed to claim compensatory benefit in support of taking over the land surrendered for development of road/ path/ public facility or amenities/ infrastructure. The land surrendered for development of Public Street/ Facility/ Infrastructure shall be registered by the Revenue Authority as Public Purpose. Provided that the applicant shall be compensated by allowing the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) on the surrendered land for public purpose. Note- Total plot area shall also include the area surrendered for public purpose so that applicant shall not lose the FAR for any land surrendered in public interest by utilising that FAR on the remaining land. 7. The structural stability certificate and soil investigation report shall be submitted by the applicant on submission of planning permission case and at the time of completion of structure and before occupancy duly singed by the registered Structural Engineer as per Form -15 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules 2014 as amended from time to time.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 132

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13.8 General Regulations The following General Regulations shall apply to all development activities in the Sundernagar Planning Area: - 1. Development proposal for a part of land or total land shall be considered for sub - division /Development keeping in view the interest of individuals according to the provision of applicable regulations and future scope of planned development of total area.

2. No yard or plot existing at the time of coming into force of these Regulations shall be reduced in dimension or area below the minimum requirement set forth herein. The yards or plots created after the effective date of these requirements shall meet at least the minimum requirements established by these regulations. All the plots registered prior to coming into force of these regulations shall be treated as plots irrespective of their size subject to the condition that3.00m wide path abutting one side of plot will be the basic requirement. If 3.00m wide path is not available at site and if it is less in width then the owner shall surrender the remaining land from his plot to make the path as 3.00M wide, in such cases the benefit of additional FAR considering the area left for path under total plot area shall be given and no fee for such area shall be charged.

3. Where it is essential to develop a plot by cutting, it shall be the responsibility of the plot owner to provide according to the engineering specifications, retaining and breast walls so that such natural profile of land may not harm the adjoining uphill side properties. However, cutting of natural profile shall not exceed more than 3.50 Metre in any case having a provision of diaphragm wall for step housing and maximum acceptable slope for development shall be 45 degrees. 4. Maximum height of plinth level shall be 2.00M provided that no slab will be in between. 5. Building footprint should be such that nothing intrudes on to the streets and adjoining properties. 6. Minimum permissible distance between two blocks constructed on a plot shall be 5.00 Meter or one third of the height of the taller building, whichever is more. 7. The height of the room for human habitation shall not be less than 2.75 Metre and maximum 3.50 Metre measured from the surface of the floor to the soffit of the slab, provided that the minimum headway under any beam shall not be less than 2.40 Metres. The height of floors other than human habitation would be as per the requirement of the facility/use subject to restriction of overall height of the structure. 8. No boundary wall, fence and hedge along any yard or plot shall exceed 1.50 Metre in height. But keeping in view of site condition and security requirement of the building, the height of boundary wall may be permitted maximum up to 2.10 metre, in such a manner that it may not impede the vision on corner plot bounded by vehicular road in any area to avoid accidents and for smooth running of vehicular traffic. 9. On a corner plot bounded by a vehicular road in any land use zone or area, minimum 2.00 metre additional set back area shall be maintained and nothing shall be erected, placed, planted or allowed to grow in such a manner to avoid accidents and for smooth running of vehicular traffic. 10. No construction shall be allowed within 5.00 Metre distance from the existing forest or green belt boundary and within radius of 2.00m from an existing tree. The distance shall be measured from the circumference of tree.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 133

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

11. Minimum building width of 5.00 Metre be ensured after leaving setbacks. In case of plots having irregular shape & area, minimum relaxation in setbacks can be considered to achieve min. 5.00 m building width. There will be no side setbacks in case of row housing. 12. No construction activities shall be allowed within a belt of 25 m/ 10m/ 5m from the boundary of the river/khad/ Nallah respectively. 13. Natural nallahs which pass through land involving division shall be developed and maintained according to discharge of water. 14. The existing non-conforming uses of land and buildings, if continued after coming into force of this Development Plan shall not be allowed in contravention of provisions of section-26 of Himachal Pradesh Town & Country Planning Act, 1977. 15. The planning permission for development shall be granted if the path is developed or it is entered in revenue or it is transferred in the name of concerned ULB/Gram Panchayat. 16. In case of existing areas, the Front and Rear setbacks need not be left and existing building line can be maintained provided further that the existing buildings are approved by the competent authority. 17. Drainage shall be regulated strictly according to natural profile of land with a view to prevent landslides, soil erosion and to maintain sanitation. 18. In case of Petrol Filling Station, the layout plan /norms of the Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) shall be adopted. However, on National Highways and State Highways the Front setback shall be kept as 8.00metre from acquired width of Highway. If the Rear and Side setbacks are not maintained in the layout plan of IOC then the sides and rear setbacks shall be 2.00 metre minimum. 19. Provisions for parking shall be mandatory whereas feasible. The maximum Height of parking floor shall be 3.00 metre for residential use and 4.00 m for other uses with shear walls on all the three sides. The parking floor shall be over and above the permissible F.A.R. In case space as per requirement for parking is available in open over and above the setbacks, condition of parking floor shall not be insisted. 20. Multilevel parking floors shall be allowed in Government and public undertaking buildings and in commercial uses wherever feasible. The regulations of public and semi-public use shall be applicable to the Multilevel-parking floor in Govt. Buildings. The Regulations of Commercial Uses shall be applicable for multilevel parking floors propose in Commercial uses. Though one parking floor is mandatory yet, second parking floor can be constructed which will be optional. Parking floor more than one shall be counted towards F.A.R in commercial, residential, others uses except in the case of Govt. Buildings subject to the height of building restriction and structure stability. 21. Sloping roof shall be mandatory. The CGI sheets on rooftop and MS sheet 0.24 wide Facia shall be painted in post office red or Grey green colour or any other colour confirming to the natural roofing material. Height of sloping roof zero at eaves level and maximum 2.75 M at center shall be permissible. The dormer at suitable distance on either side of the roof shall be permissible subject to the condition that the ridge of the Dormer shall be below the ridge of main roof. The 1/3rd area of top floor shall be allowed as open terrace wherever sloping roof is provided. 22. Rooftop @ 12 sq. mtr. 1 Kilo Watt peak (KWp) shall be used for Solar Photovoltaic (PV) installations in public and semi-public buildings, and tourism unit. 23. Issuance of NO Objection Certificate (NOC) for water supply and electricity and sewerage connection shall be as under:- (a) Temporary at plinth level. (b) Permanent on completion of dwelling unit/floor/whole building as per approval.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 134

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

24. Any subsequent deviations made in the building constructed after getting the plan approved and after grant of NO Objection Certificate (NOC) issued by the Department shall entail the entire building unauthorised and NOC so issued shall be withdrawn and the services shall be disconnected. 25. Adequate distance from the electric lines as per the requirement of Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited (HPSEB Ltd.) Rules shall have to be maintained. The No Objection Certificate (NOC) of the competent authority shall also be required, if HT/LT line is crossing through/ passing by the site. 26. Regulation regarding re-construction of houses/buildings in the existence shall be on predominantly existing building lines, provided minimum width of road as per Rules is available and roof projections, sun shades shall be permitted over streets or paths, as the case may be. Construction on sandwiched plots in Bazar area shall be permissible for shops as per existing building lines, only in existing built up areas 27. The provision for Rain Harvesting Tank shall be proposed in the plan @ 20 Litre per sq.m. of the roof top area where roof top area exceeds 200 sq. Mtr. 28. No plot size restriction shall be applicable for the plots existing prior to enforcement of the Himachal Pradesh Town & Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No. 12 of 1977) and to the plots carved out after inheritance and to such plots carved out for social housing schemes of Government. 29. The habitable basement and attic /mezzanine floor shall be counted as independent storey. 30. Though minimum area of plot has been defined in Regulations, yet the plots allotted by the Central or State Government under various Social Housing Schemes including Gandhi Kutir Yojana, Indira Awas Yojana, Rajiv Awas Yojana, Affordable Housing Schemes launched by the Central or State Government may be considered and permission accorded in relaxation of Regulations. However, the minimum area of plot for the persons belonging to the Economically Weaker Sections and Low Income Groups of society should not be less than 45sqm and 80 sq.m. respectively. 31. In case of any clarification with reference to any provision or if there is no any specific provision, the provisions as envisaged in the Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation Guidelines, 2014 of the Government of India or the National Building Code of India, 2005 shall have to be adhered to. 32. Permissible Area Standard/Norms for different parts of a Building shall be as under: - Habitable room Minimum floor area 9.50M² Minimum width 2.40M Kitchen Minimum floor area 4.50M² Minimum width 1.80M Bath room Minimum floor area 1.80M² Minimum width 1.20M Water Closet (WC) Minimum floor area 1.10M² Minimum width 0.90M Toilet (WC+Bath) Minimum floor area 2.30M² Minimum width 1.20M Minimum width of corridor For Residential use 1.00M for other uses 1.20M Minimum width of stairs For Residential use 1.00M for other uses 1.50M Minimum width of treads without For Residential use 25 centimetre wide for internal stairs nosing For other uses 30 centimetre wide for internal stairs case Maximum height of riser For Residential use 19 centimetre

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 135

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

for other uses 15 centimetre Provision of spiral stair case For other uses except Provision of spiral stair case not less than Residential use 1.50M dia with adequate head height for fire escape in addition to regular stair case Opening For sufficient air and light, windows and ventilators should have minimum area equivalent to 1/6thof Floor Area Projections over doors, windows 0.60M and ventilators & roof projections Balcony Projections 1.20M wide Balcony complete open on two sides with restriction of 50% of Building frontage where minimum front Set Back is 3.00M shall be permissible. Balcony of 1.00M width shall be allowed over Set Back of 2.50M.

13.8.1 Setbacks 1. A Front set back of minimum 3.00 Meter shall be maintained from the controlled width. The controlled width can be allowed for parking purpose which has to be open to sky 2. The setbacks shall not be applicable to services like, all roadside infrastructure/ facilities such as rain shelters, toilets, landscaping etc. Such temporary structures, which are specifically permitted by the Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department on the acquired width of a road, should not touch the abutting properties. 3. In case of irregular plots or in case of site constraints, uniformity of setbacks shall not be insisted. However, the minimum setback of 1.00 Metre and sunshade of 0.60 metre should be maintained on the irregular side. Competent Authority would consider the average setbacks or minimum open area while approving such cases provided it does not obstruct fire vehicles movement. 4. In the plot setback, parking, porch, garage, swimming pool, septic tank, other services and steps and ramp up to plinth level would be permissible. 5. For the plots abutting Highways, by-passes and other H.P PWD scheduled roads, No objection certificate from H.P Public works department shall be mandatory, in the cases where plot is directly abutting to these roads and there is direct access through connecting bridge and by constructing ramps to such roads. 13.8.2 Building Height The building height shall be the vertical distance measured: - i. In the case of flat roofs from the plinth level to the highest point of the building. ii. In case of pitched roofs from the plinth level to the highest point up to the point where the external surface of the outer wall intersects the finished surface of the sloping roof. The following structures shall not be considered in regulating the height of the building: - 1. Roof tanks and their supports not exceeding 2.00 Meter in height. 2. Mechanical, electrical, HVAC, lift rooms and similar service equipment. 3. Staircase mumty not exceeding 3.00 Meter in height. 4. Solar panels installed on the roof. 5. These height regulations shall not apply to the structures housing main seat of Deity /Sanctum / Sanctorum, which are part of religious buildings e.g. Temples, Mosques, Gurudwaras, Churches, etc. provided it is so designed and approved by the Competent Authority. The height restrictions shall apply to the ancillary structures like dharamshala, sarai etc.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 136

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6. Architectural features serving no other function except that of decoration, chimneys, poles, parapet and other projections not used in human habitation, may extend beyond the prescribed height limits, not exceeding 1.50 m in height. The cornices and window sills may also project in to any required setbacks. 13.8.3 Ground Coverage and Floor Area Ratio The Floor Area Ratio (FAR) means the quotient obtained by dividing the total covered area (plinth area) on all floors multiplied by 100 by the area of the plot.

FAR = Total covered area of all floors x 100 Plot Area

Illustration 10.00 M

15.00 M

Total Plot Area = 15.00 M X 10.00 M = 150.00 M2

Setbacks Front = 2.00 M, Left Side = 1.50 M Right Side = 1.50 M Rear = 1.50 M

Built Up Area = 11.50 M X 7.00 M (after leaving Setbacks) = 80.50 M2

Covered Area on one floor = 80.50 M2

Open Area = 150.00 M2 - 80.50 M2 = 69.50 M2

Floor Area Ratio (FAR) = 1.75

Total Built up Area = 150.00 M2 X 1.75 (as per FAR) = 262.50 M2

Therefore, Number of storeys = 262.50 M2 80.50 M2 = 3.26

Number of storeys = 3 storeys (say)

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 137

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The following shall not be included in covered area for FAR and Ground Coverage calculations: 1. Machine room for lift on top floor as required for the lift machine installation. 2. Rockery, lift/ lift well, escalator/ travellator well and well structures, plant nursery, water pool, swimming pool at any level (if uncovered), platform around a tree, water tank, fountain, bench, chabutara with open top and / or without enclosures, open ramps, compound wall, gate, slide swing door, fire staircase (without enclosure), fire towers, refuse area, fire control room, overhead water tank or top of building/ open shafts, cooling towers. 3. Mumty over staircase on top floor maximum 3.00 M height. 4. Watch and ward cabins of total area not more than 4.50 M2 and 6.00 M2 with W/C each at entry and exit only, within the property line. 5. Pergolas, sunshade elements, etc. 6. Plinth steps/ ramp. 7. Meter Room with HT/ LT panel, DG Room, AC Plant room, CC TV room/ Control room, Fire Control room and similar services area permitted in the setback and shall not be counted in FAR. Similarly, Service area on habitable floors- like HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning), MEP installations, Janitor Rooms, AHU Room, Electric room, LT Room, CCTV room, laundry or any other similar services and Building service shafts like electrical shafts, communication shafts, fire shafts MEP and HVAC shall not be from FAR. 8. Entrance porch, veranda, canopies, covered one Parking floor Area shall not be counted in FAR but shall account for ground coverage. 9. Basement if used for parking, household storage and services. Basement area shall not extend beyond the ground coverage. 13.8.4 Cellar Any storey of the building completely or partly below the natural ground level shall be considered as cellar. Construction of cellar shall not be counted as a storey and should be constructed within the prescribed building lines and subject to maximum coverage on floor i.e. entrance floor and may be put for following uses: - i. storage of household or other goods of ordinarily combustible material. ii. strong rooms, bank cellars etc.; iii. air conditioning equipment and other machines used for services and utilities of the building and iv. parking spaces. The cellar shall have following requirements: - i. All the walls shall be kept solid and without any openings; and below the natural ground level except the portion kept for ventilation purpose; ii. Every cellar shall be, in every part, at least 2.40 M in height from the floor to the underside of the roof slab or ceiling. iii. Adequate ventilation shall be provided for the cellar and any deficiency in ventilation requirements may be met by providing mechanical ventilation in the form of blowers, exhaust fans and air conditioning system etc.; iv. The minimum clear height of the ceiling of any cellar shall be 0.90 M and the maximum 1.20 M above the average surrounding ground level;

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 138

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

v. Adequate arrangements shall be made such that surface drainage does not enter the cellar; vi. The walls and floors of the cellar shall be watertight and be so designed that the effects of the surrounding soil and moisture if any, are taken into account in design and adequate damp proofing treatment is given; vii. The access to the cellar shall be separate from the main and alternative staircase providing access and exit from higher floor. Where the staircase is continuous in the case of buildings served by more than one staircase, the same shall be enclosed type, serving as a fire separation from the basement/cellar floor and higher floors. Open ramps shall be permitted, if they are constructed within the building line subject to the provision clause (v) above; viii. In case partition in the basement/cellars is allowed by the Authority, no compartment shall be less than 50.00 M2 in area and each compartment shall have proper ventilation provision and the basement/cellar partition shall however, conform to the norms laid down by the Fire Services; and ix. In no circumstances, construction of Toilet, Bath, Kitchen etc. shall be allowed in the basement/cellar. 13.8.5 Regulations for Services 1. Septic Tank or connections with sewerage lines, where available shall be mandatory. 2. All Commercial/ Public and Semi -Public buildings above 15.00 Metres height shall have the provisions for elevators/lift. 3. Firefighting provisions and specification shall be as per National Building code of India, 2016. 4. Risks and respective mitigations shall be planned by the competent authorities such as state Fire department and police to manage events and respond to natural disasters. 5. Distance from Electric lines- The distance in accordance with the Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited as amended from time to time and as defined in National Building Code of India, 2016 is to be provided between the building and overhead electric supply line as under:

Table 13-3: Clearances from Electric Supply Lines Sr. No. Type of Supply Line Vertical Clearance Horizontal Clearance 1. Low & medium voltage lines and 2.50 Metre 1.20 Metre service lines not exceeding 650V 2. High voltage lines above 650 3.70 Metre upto and including 1.20 Metre Volts and including 11,000 Volts 33kV 3. High voltage lines above 3.70 Metre 2.00 Metre 11,000 Volts and upto and including 33,000 Volts 4. Extra high voltage lines 3.70 Metre plus 0.30 Metre 2.00 Metre plus 0.30 Metre for additional 33,000 Volts for every additional 33,000 every additional 33,000 Volts Volts or part thereof or part thereof Source: NBC, 2016

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 139

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13.9 Development Control Regulations 13.9.1 Residential Buildings The applicant must make sure the layout plan of residential building complies with following basic requirements: i. That there should be sufficient natural light and fresh air/ ventilation in the habitable area within the building, when constructed. ii. That there is protection against fire, noise, dust and pollution hazards. iii. That circulation and access is easy and safe from any accident point of view. iv. The minimum plot area, minimum setbacks and maximum FAR shall be as under: Table 13-4: Residential Building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area

Sl. Minimum Set Backs Maximum Description and Minimum No. (in Meters) Floor Area Maximum Height in Meters Plot Area Ratio Front Sides Rear I Row Houses with common wall on two sides 1 45 m2 up to 90 m2 1.00 Nil 1.00 1.75 12.00 2 91 m2 up to 120 m2 2.00 Nil 1.50 1.75 15.00 II Semi-detached Houses with common wall on one side Above 120 up to 150 m2 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.75 18.00 1 Above 150 up to 250 m2 2.00 1.75 1.50 1.75 21.00 III Detached Houses 1 150 m2 to 250 m2 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.75 21.00 2 Above 250 m2 up to 500 m2 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 21.00 3 Above 500 m2 5.00 3.00 3.00 1.75 21.00

Note: The entrance to the house shall be from the front setback area and none of the projections shall infringe on to the road ROW. 13.9.2 Commercial Buildings There would be Mixed Land Use in the Sundernagar Planning Area, as per the Land use plan 2035 in the Development plan. The permitted uses in the mixed land use areas shall be as per the land use permissibility table. a) Commercial Corridor Commercial corridor with mixed land use as per the Land use Plan in the Development Plan 2035 on NH-154 and SH-13 in the Sundernagar Planning Area shall be governed by its specific Special Area Norms ‘Mixed Land Use along Highways. Table 13-5: Commercial building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area Minimum Set Backs Maximum Maximum Sl. Description and (in Meters) Floor Area Height Parking Standards No. Minimum Plot Area Rear Front Side Ratio (in Meters)

1 Booth upto 10 m2 1 Nil Nil - 4.00

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 140

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Minimum Set Backs Maximum Maximum Sl. Description and (in Meters) Floor Area Height Parking Standards No. Minimum Plot Area Rear Front Side Ratio (in Meters)

2 Shops: (i) Independent shop/ 2.00 Nil 1.00 - 6.00 Showroom Standalone above 10 m2 -30 m2 (ii) Row shops with 2.00 Nil 1.00 1.75 9.00 common wall on two 1.5 ECS per 100 sides above 30 m2-100 sq.m. of Built up m2 Area (iii) Row shops with 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.75 21.00 common wall on two sides above 100 m2- 250 m2 (iv) Above 250 m2 -500 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 21.00 m2 Shopping Complex i)1.5 ECS per 100 3 (i) above 500 m2 to 5.00 3.00 3.00 1.75 21.00 sq.m of Built up 1500 m2 Area (ii) Above 1500 m2 to 10.00 5.00 5.00 1.75 21.00 ii)2.00 ECS per 4000 m2 100 sq.m of Built (iii) Above 4000 m2 12.00 7.50 6.00 1.50 21.00 up Area iii)3.00 ECS per 100 sq.m of Built up Area 4 Cinema/ Cineplex 4000 sq.m. & above 15.00 7.50 6.00 1.50 21.00 3.0 ECS per 100 sq.m of Built up Multiplexes Area 4000 sq.m. & above 15.00 9.00 9.00 1.50 21.00 5 Tourism Unit 1.00 ECS per 100 (Hotel, Guest house or sq.m of Built up Eco Tourism) Area (i) 250 m2-500 m2 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 21.00 1.50 ECS per 100 (ii) 500 m2-1500 m2 5.00 4.00 3.00 1.50 21.00 sq.m of Built up (iii) Above 1500 m2 7.50 5.00 4.00 1.50 21.00 Area 2.00 ECS per 100 sq.m of Built up Area 6 Petrol Pump # 1000 sq.m. 7.50 6.00 6.00 2.00 6.00

(Minimum size) 7 Multi- level Parking i) 500 m2 - 1500 m2 5.00 3.00 3.00 1.75 18.00 ii) Above 1500 m2 - 10.00 5.00 5.00 1.75 18.00 4000 m2 12.00 7.50 6.00 1.50 18.00 iii) Above 4000 m2 Note:  The height of Service floor wherever proposed for installation of services in case of Commercial/ shopping complexes/ hotels, shall be restricted to 2.10 Meter and this floor is exempted from FAR, however the overall height restriction of building shall remain the same.  Multiplex complex shall mean an integrated entertainment and shopping centre/ complex having at least 2 Cinema Halls. The minimum area on which this use shall be permitted should not be less than 4000 M2. Apart from Cinema Halls, the Multiplexes may also have Restaurant, Fast Food, Outlet, Pubs, Health Spas/

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 141

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Centers, Hotels and other Re-creational activities. The shopping center may have Retail Outlet, Video Games, Parlours, Bowling Alleys, Health Centers, Shopping Malls, Office space.  ECS (Equivalent Car Space) shall mean as under:- o For parking in open = 23 m2 o For parking in stilts or ground floor = 28 m2 o For parking in basement floor = 32 m2

13.9.3 Public-Semi Public Buildings (PSP) Table 13-6: PSP Building Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area

Minimum Set Backs Maximum Maximum Description and Minimum Parking Sl. (in Meters) Floor Area Height Plot Area Standards No. Ratio (in Meters) Front Side Rear 1 Govt. Building, Educational building, Police/ Fire Station, For i) to iii) 1.0 Library/ Religious Building, ECS per 100 medical, community hall sq.m. of Built up i) 150 m2 -250 m2 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.50 15.00 Area ii) Above 250 m2- 500 m2 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 21.00 For iv) & v) 1.50 iii) Above 500 m2-1000 m2 5.00 2.00 3.00 1.75 21.00 ECS per 100 iv) Above1000 m2-5000 m2 10.00 5.00 1.50 1.50 21.00 sq.m. of Built up v) Above 5000 m2 15.00 7.50 7.50 1.50 21.00 Area 2 Marriage Hall/ Baraat 1.0 ECS per 100 Ghar sq.m of Built up 1000 sq.m. 5.00 3.00 3.00 1.00 12.00 Area 3 Community centre 1.0 ECS per 100 1000 sq.m.-1500 sq.m. 6.00 3.00 3.00 1.25 15.00 sq.m of Built up Area

13.9.4 Industrial Buildings The industrial land use primarily caters to the agro based small and medium scale industries with necessary storing, processing and packaging units. Service industries like cottage or household industry, carpentry, knitting, weaving, blacksmith, goldsmith, atta chakki, water mill, agriculture equipments, machinery repair, electrical, electronic, household appliances, tiny auto repair workshops etc. shall be encouraged. Under small-scale industry sector, generally Electronics and Information Technology based or similar activities, which cause least water, air and noise pollution, shall be considered. However, while doing so, the entrepreneur shall have to guarantee an independent arrangement of their own water supply/ source to the satisfaction of the competent authority. The development of industrial area may have plotted development for individual industrial units. Some part of industrial area may be used for flatted type of industry. The plot area, minimum setbacks, maximum Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and maximum height of building shall be governed by following Table. The other regulations are as follows: 1. The layout and design of industrial area, if any, shall be as per requirement of the Industry and shall be got approved from the Director. 2. Minimum width of path/road abutting one side of plot shall be 5.00 M. 3. Least hill cutting shall be permitted so as to conserve natural landform.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 142

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

4. No felling of trees shall be allowed except with the prior permission of the State Forest Department. 5. The minimum floor/ storey height of industrial building shall be 3.00 Metres and sloping roof height shall be in accordance with volume of the structure. In case of roof trusses, height of building should be adjusted /relaxed accordingly. 6. Service area required for pharmaceutical units or such type of Industries under requirement of Goods Manufacturing Practice (G.M.P) shall not be included for calculation of FAR, provided it is only used for utilities and services but not in any case for production. 7. For ancillary uses like security post/room shall be allowed in setback area, i.e. one wall shared with the boundary wall and shall be counted in the Floor Area Ratio (FAR). 8. Cellar shall be allowed within the industrial plots as per the provisions of these Regulations. Table 13-7: Industrial Regulations shall be applicable in Sundernagar Planning Area Minimum Set Backs Maximum Height Sl. Type of Industry and Minimum Maximum Floor (in Meters) in Meters No. Plot Area Area Ratio Front Side Rear 1 Small Scale Industries 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 12.00 250 m2 to 500 m2 2 Service/Light scale Industries 5.00 2.00 3.00 1.50 12.00 Above 500 m2 to 1000 m2 3 Medium Scale Industries 10.00 5.00 5.00 1.25 15.00 Above 1000 m2 to 5000 m2 4 Large & Heavy Scale Industries 15.00 7.50 7.50 1.00 15.00 Above 5000 m2 Note:-

i. The plot area as mentioned in Table above would not be applicable in the cases where the sub-division of land has taken effect before the commencement of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014. ii. The plot area as mentioned in Table above would not be applicable for the individual plots, if any, created/allotted by the Himachal Pradesh Industries Department and Himachal Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (HPSIDC) or any other Authority prior to coming into force of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.

13.9.5 Other Regulations 13.9.5.1 Other General Regulations Regulations for Solar Passive Building Design, for Development of Barrier Free Environment for the Persons with Disabilities in Public and Semi Public Building & Re-creational Areas within the limits of Economic Capacity, for Rain Water Harvesting, for Development of Apartments and Colonies in Real Estate Projects and for Installation for Communication Towers shall be as prescribed in the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014(Amendment 2016). 13.9.5.2 Regulation for development of Information Technology Park (IT/Bio-Park) The development of Information Technology Park shall be regulated as per Regulations contained in Appendix-3 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014(Amendment 2016). 13.9.5.3 Regulations Fire and Life Safety The provisions of fire and life safety as enshrined in the National Building Code of India, 2016 shall be applicable to buildings having height of 15.00 Meter or above and having floor area more than 500 M2 on any one or more floors and in case of Institutional Buildings it shall be applicable to the buildings having height of 9.00 Meter and above. The No Objection Certificate from the fire fighting services shall be mandatory.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 143

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

13.9.5.4 Relaxations In the public interest and in the interest of town design or any other material consideration the Director (TCP) may relax minimum size of plot, setbacks and Floor Area Ratio (FAR). The decision of the Competent Authority shall be final. 13.10 Special Area Regulations 13.10.1 Mixed Land Use For controlling linear mixed-use development, the building use permissibility & accessibility to individual plots as well as large developments shall be governed as below: 1. In case of building line of the properties adjoining the main highway, a minimum 3.00m distance from controlled width of road. 2. Any new access opening on the highway shall be duly permitted by Competent Authority. 3. Essential highway amenities and services, namely, petrol pump, service station including emergency repair services, restaurants, parking lots, motels, police check-post, toll station, shall be permitted direct access from the National Highway crossing the Sundernagar Planning Area boundary. Such access shall be provided with proper lay-by as per the guidelines specified by the Indian Road Congress or Competent Authority. 4. Boundary walls, fences, advertisements, hedges, trees shall not cause obstruction of view for the road users. Restrictions on structures between highway control lines and building line: - The following activities shall not be allowed between Right of Way of the National Highway and the permissible building line of the plots in subject: 1. construct, form or lay out any means of access to, or from, a highway, or 2. erect any building, or 3. make or extend any excavation 13.11 Risk Based Classification of Buildings In order to mitigate any disasters, risk based buildings have been classified in three categories namely, - 1. High Risk Buildings 2. Medium Risk Buildings 3. Low Risk Buildings Table 13-8: Risk Based Classification of Buildings for Sundernagar Planning Area Sr. Risk Buildings Planning No. Permission Time * 1. Residential Buildings (a) High Group Housing Schemes, above 3 Storey buildings, Within 60 days. buildings on slopes more than 30º, any building raised on landfill, reclaimed land, buildings 2.00 M above the Highest Flood Level (HFL) up to a distance of 10.00 Metre, buildings with communication towers and buildings falling under the corridor of HT/LT lines. (b) Moderate All 2-3 storey buildings, buildings on slopes above 15º and Within 30 days. upto 30º.

(c) Low Single Storey Buildings Constructed On Slope Less than 15º. Within 20 days.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 144

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Sr. Risk Buildings Planning No. Permission Time * 2. Commercial Buildings (a) High Commercial Shopping Complexes, Multiplexes, Tourism Within 60 days. Units, Marriage palaces, Automobile Showrooms, any building raised on landfill, reclaimed land, sinking and sliding zones, buildings within the minimum setback from HFL as prescribed in the Rules, buildings with communication towers and buildings falling under the corridor of HT/LT lines. (b) Moderate Double storey shops Within 30 days. (c) Low Single storey shops Within 20 days. 3. Industrial Buildings (a) High Buildings above two storeys, any building above 10 meters Within 60 days. height, any building raised on landfill, reclaimed land, buildings within the minimum setback from HFL as prescribed in respective DPs, buildings with communication towers and buildings falling under the corridor of HT/LT lines. (b) Low Single storey buildings of 10 meters or less than 10 meters Within 20 days. height. 4. Public and Semi-Public (a) High All buildings except for the buildings mentioned under Low Within 60 days. Risk category b) Low Toilets, rain shelters, pump houses and crematoriums. Within 20 days. 5. Mixed Land Use Buildings (a) High All buildings. Within 60 days. *: As amended from time to time by the State Govt.

Note: -

i. The High Risk category of constructions will be supervised by the Registered Private Professionals and the Structural Safety Certificate & Design will be submitted by the Registered Structural Engineers.

ii. The Moderate Risk and Low Risk Category buildings would be given fast track approval.

13.12 Monitoring of Construction 1. The applicant shall intimate in writing to the concerned competent authority that the work of execution of building has reached the plinth level. The competent authority shall inspect the executed work within 15 days and shall allow the applicant for further construction, only if the same is found in order. 2. In case the competent authority does not inspect the site within the prescribed period, the applicant shall certify that he has carried the construction upto plinth level in accordance with permission order and consequent upon not conducting the inspection within stipulated period, the applicant is undertaking the further construction in accordance with permission order. 3. If the competent authority on inspection later on observes at any stage that the work has not been carried in accordance with the approved plan, notice of unauthorized construction or deviation shall be served upon for restoration of the same to its original condition as prescribed in the Act or any other action as specified in Rules and Regulations thereunder.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 145

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

4. The concerned competent authority, if required, may direct the applicant to revise the building plan as per requirement of Rules and Regulations and if it is found in order, the revised map shall be approved. 5. After completion of the building, the applicant shall submit a completion plan along with a certificate to the concerned competent authority certifying that the construction has been completed as per the approved map. 6. Building shall not be put to use prior to issuance of completion certificate by the competent authority. 13.13 Change of Land Use (i) The Change of Land Use shall be allowed based on Development Plan 2035 as in force or statutorily amended thereafter. (ii) Change of Land Use shall be allowed by the Director (TCP) subject to the condition that the applicant fulfils the Regulations applicable for the Land Use proposed to be changed. (iii) No Change of Land use shall be permitted for the Sericulture Land parcels as marked in the Development Plan. (iv) Change of Building Use may be permitted by the Director (TCP), as the case may be, on merit of the case, subject to the condition that there is no disturbance to the adjoining building owners and fulfilment of other Regulations specified for the purpose. (v) The Change of Building Use for Hotel and Guest Houses shall be permissible only if sufficient parking area is available. 13.14 Regulations for Land Pooling and Re-constitution of Plots 1. On commencement of this Development Plan, no person shall be allowed to carve out plots of zig-zag ‘Khasra’ Numbers in his ownership and the same have to be organized along with other such adjoining parcels of land to ensure proper dimensioned plots to the purchasers, on one hand and in the interest of urban design, safety, economy, functionality, aesthetics and optimum use of land, on the other. 2. Land Pooling scheme shall be worked out on the basis of population and area required for facilities and amenities for the proposed population. 3. In a land pooling scheme, the land owners shall surrender a part of their land for circulation, public facilities and amenities i.e., Public Purposes as per the pooling percentage. The remaining land shall be made available to the land owners proportionate to their original plot areas. 4. The pooling percentage for a land pooling scheme shall be based on the formula below: Pooling = Area required for Public Purpose %age Total Area of Land Pooling Scheme Where area required for public purpose shall include road/path/circulation, infrastructural facilities and networks, parking, parks, open spaces, playgrounds and recreational pursuit. 5. In case of any person whose plot comes within the roads or community amenities, he shall be suitably relocated within the vicinity of the existing plot to the extent possible. 13.15 Sub-Division of Land Regulations 1. The Sub-Division of land into plots amounts to “Development” under the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 as amended from time to time. No person shall sub-divide his land unless permitted to do so in accordance with Rules and Regulations in force.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 146

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2. Similarly no Registrar or the Sub-Registrar shall register any sale deed or documents of any sub- division of land on share basis unless the sub-division of land is duly approved by the competent authority in accordance with provisions of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 as amended from time to time and sub- division of land Regulations as contained in this Development Plan. 3. Natural Nallahs and Khads which passes through land/ land sub-division shall be developed and maintained according to discharge of water during the peak rainy season. The minimum distance of building from such Nallahs should be at least 5.00 Metre. The minimum distance of building from the bank of such Khads should not be less than 10.00 Metre. 4. One side of every residential plot shall abut with minimum 3.00 M wide access road. 5. In case of plots or land, abutting the existing or proposed roads or paths is of lesser width than required width, width of the same shall have to be increased to meet requirements of width for requisite plots. 6. Any yard or plot existing at the time of coming into force of these Regulations shall not be reduced in dimension or area below the minimum requirement set forth herein. The yards or plots created after the effective date of these Regulations shall meet at least the minimum requirements established by these Regulations. All the plots registered prior to coming into force of these Regulations shall be treated as plots irrespective of their size subject to the condition that 3.00 Metre wide road abutting one side of the plot will be the basic requirement. 7. If 3.00 Metre wide road is not available at site and if it is less in width, then the owner shall surrender the remaining width of the road ROW from his plot to make the road as 3.00 Metre wide. In such case, the setback shall be considered from the revised ROW of the access road. 8. The construction would be allowed on hereditary owned smaller plots on and above 45 sq.m. i.e., minimum plot size for row housing. 9. If the plot size after sub-division is coming less than 45sq.m., then the plot cannot be sub-divided further, however independent floors/strata division shall be allowed. 10. Regulations for the development of a Group Housing Scheme shall be governed by the Appendix-7 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014 ‘Regulations for Development of Apartments and Colonies in Real Estate Project’. 11. Where it is essential to develop a plot by cutting of natural land profile, it shall be the responsibility of the plot owner to provide retaining and breast walls, according to the engineering specifications, so that such cutting of natural profile shall not exceed more than 3.50 Metre in height. 12. The sub-division of land shall be permitted in accordance with natural profile of topography as shown on the contoured map along with drainage of land, access, road alignment, wind direction and other environmental requirements and according to prescribed land use in the Development Plan. Natural flora and fauna shall be preserved. Unless site conditions prohibit, plots shall be permitted at right angle to the road with proper shape and dimension, so that optimum use of the land is ensured. 13. The development of land shall not be permitted in area where basic services like paved road, water supply, drainage, sewerage disposal, electricity, street lighting etc. do not exists or unless the applicant undertakes that these services shall be provided at his own cost. i) Minimum width of pedestrian links to smaller cluster 3.00 M of plots, not exceeding 5 in number. ii) Minimum width of vehicular access, if number of 5.00 M (with cul-de-sac) at plots is above 5. the end.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 147

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

iii) Minimum area for open/green space for the scheme 10% having more than 5 plots. iv) Minimum area for soak pit etc. (irrespective of 5% of the scheme area. number of plots). i) Orientation of the plots shall be provided in such a - manner so as to be in conformity with the integration of existing plots/ infrastructure, wind direction, natural flow of surface drainage to allow un- obstructed rain water discharge. ii) Layout of plots shall be governed by easy access - having acceptable grades minimum 1 in 15 and which may not obstruct view or vista.

14. Minimum area of plot for detached house shall not be less than 150 sqm. 15. Semi-detached house construction shall be allowed on plots upto max. 250 sqm and row housing on plots upto 120 sqm. Subject to maximum number of such plots do not exceed 8 in row after with a gap of 7.00 m shall be left. Although maximum size of plot for construction in a row with two common walls, has been kept 120 sqm, yet in exceptional circumstances, considering economic/site conditions the minimum size of plots in row, with two common walls, up to 45 sqm for houses may be allowed so as to provide smallest possible residential construction in a planned manner for the benefit of economically weaker sections and Low Income Groups of society. 13.16 Regulations of prescribed limits for development activities exempted under Section 30- A of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No. 12 of 1977) 1. Residential Buildings and Farm Houses (i) Maximum floor area = 600.00 M2 (ii) Maximum number of storeys = 3 Nos +1 Parking floor wherever feasible.

Note: - The applicant may have a maximum floor area of 600.00 M2 distributed over not more than three storeys.

2. Commercial Use (i) Maximum floor area = 100.00 M2 (ii) Maximum number of storeys = 2 Nos. (iii) Minimum access = 3.00 M (iv) Parking = For loading, un-loading and parking purpose suitable community parking space has to be arranged by the Shop owners.

Note:- The applicant may have a maximum floor area of 100.00 M2 distributed over not more than two storeys.

3. Service Industries (i) Maximum floor area = 100.00 M2 (ii) Number of storeys = 1 No. (iii) Minimum access = 3.00 M (iv) Parking = For loading, un-loading and parking

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 148

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

purpose suitable community parking space shall have to be ensured by the Industrialists. 4. Public Amenities (i) Maximum floor area = As per requirement of the particular amenity. (ii) Maximum Number of storeys = 3 Nos. (iii) Minimum access = 3.00 M (iv) Parking = @ 0.50 to 1.50 equivalent car space per 100 M2 of floor area. (v) Play fields in case of Educational buildings = 0.20 Hectare to 1.60 Hectare is Desirable, however, as per availability of land. 5. Other Imperatives (i) Structural safety and seismic proofing including soil investigation should be ensured. (ii) Attic and basement shall be counted as a storey. (iii) Sloping roof shall have to be ensured. (iv) No construction shall be raised within a distance of 3.00 Metre from the edge of the roads in respect of village roads. (v) No construction shall be raised within the controlled width of major District roads. (vi) Minimum Set Back of 3.00 M from the controlled width of National Highways, State Highways and Scheduled Roads under the Himachal Pradesh Road Side Land Control Act, 1968 shall be kept. (vii) Minimum Set Back of 2.00 M in front and 1.50 M in sides and rear side and from the adjoining property, Government land and 5.00 M from Forest land shall have to be maintained. (viii) Adequate distance from the electric lines as per the requirement of Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited (HPSEB Ltd) Rules shall have to be maintained. The No Objection Certificate (NOC) of the competent authority shall also be required, if HT/LT line is crossing through the Scheme. (ix) The applicant shall endeavour to develop the colony along the slopes of hill without much disturbance to the natural hill profile. In no case hill cut at any level shall not exceed 3.50 Metres. (x) Provision of Rain Water Harvesting structure @ 20 Liters per M2 of roof area should be made. (xi) Septic Tank and Soak Pit should be constructed. (xii) Preference shall be given for Solar Passive Building Design. (xiii) Locational attributes, aesthetics, local building material, heritage and environmental aspects should also be taken into account.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 149

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

6. Remarks: (i) The benefit of above exemptions shall only be available to the residents and original inhabitants of the areas, who owned the property at the time of commencement of the Act and their natural heirs only and not to the persons who purchased land in rural areas. (ii) Any person intending to carry out development activities exempted under section 30-A of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No. 12 of 1977) shall give information on simple paper along with a copy of original jamabandi and original tatima to the concerned Panchayat before carrying out development activities. The concerned Panchayat after verifying the documents, shall grant No Objection Certificate (NOC) to the applicant under section 83-A of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 (Act No. 12 of 1977) for obtaining service connections. (iii) In case of any constraints as per the site conditions in maintaining setbacks, or any other regulations the Director or the concerned officer vested with the powers of the Director may relax the same. In case of any clarification with reference to any proviso or if there is no any specific provision, the provisions as envisaged in the Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) Guidelines, 2014 of the Government of India or the National Building Code of India shall have to be adhered to. 13.17 Zoning Regulations The land in the proposed Development Plan has been categorized into nine Land Use Zones: i. Residential Use Zone ii. Commercial Use Zone iii. Mixed Use Zone iv. Industrial Use Zone v. Public/Semi-Public Use Zone vi. Recreational Use Zone vii. Transport Use Zone viii. Primary Activity(Agriculture) Use Zone ix. Protected & Undevelopable Use Zone 13.17.1 RESIDENTIAL USE ZONE (R) The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Residential land use zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted Residence plotted (detached, semi-detached and row housing), Group housing, Residential flats, work-cum-residential, Hostels, boarding and lodging houses, (accommodation for transit employees of Govt./ Local bodies, Night shelters, guest houses, Educational buildings (nursery, primary, high school), school for mentally /physically challenged, research institute, Baraat ghar/ marriage hall, Community hall, old age home, crèches, day care centre, Religious places, Neighbourhood level social, cultural and recreational facilities with adequate parking provisions, Community halls, Convenience shopping, local (retail) shopping, Community centres, clubs, Auditoriums, Exhibition and art galleries, Libraries and gymnasiums, Health clinics, yoga centres, dispensaries, nursing homes and health centers (20 beds), Dispensary for pet & animals, Public utilities and buildings except service and storage yards, Electrical distribution depots and water pumping stations, Nursery and green houses, Services for households (salon, parlours, bakeries, sweet shops, dry cleaning, internet kiosks etc.), Banks, ATM and professional offices not exceeding one floor, Bus stops, taxi stands, Police station/ posts and post offices, Parks and tot–

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 150

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

lots and accessory uses clearly incidental to residential uses which will not create a nuisance or hazard. b) Activities Restricted -That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Shopping centers, local council, state and central government offices, Colleges and research institutions, Petrol pump, places of entertainment & worship, cinema halls, restaurants and hotels, Markets for retail goods, weekly markets (if not obstructing traffic circulation and open during non –working hours),informal markets, transit visitors camp, Hospital & sanitaria not creating any contagious diseases, raising of poultry for non-commercial uses provided that no bird is housed closer than 5.00m of a dwelling or a property line, IT and IT enabled services, Night shelters, Tourism related services, Motor vehicle repairing, Workshop, garages, storage of LPG cylinders, Burial grounds, Printing presses employing not more than 10 persons, Godowns /warehousing of non-perishables, Bus depots without workshop, Household industries (there shall be no public display of the goods), removal of gravel, clay, sand or stone for development of site which will not result in stagnation of water or cause other nuisance, terminals, rail passenger and freight stations, taxi & Auto stands subject to coverage, FAR, height & setbacks of this Zone. c) Activities Prohibited Heavy, large and extensive industries, Noxious, obnoxious and hazardous industries, Warehousing, storage godowns of perishables, hazardous, inflammable goods, Wholesale mandis, Junk yards, Workshops for buses, Slaughter houses, Hospitals treating contagious diseases, Sewage treatment plants and disposal sites, Water treatment plants, Solid waste dumping grounds, picnic huts, courts, sport training centre, forensic science laboratory, Outdoor and indoor games stadiums, Shooting range, Zoological garden, botanical garden, bird sanctuary, International conference centers and all uses not specifically permitted above. 13.17.2 COMMERCIAL USE ZONE (C) The Commercial zone can be sub-divided into: 1. Retail Shopping Zone and General Business: C1 2. Hospitality/ Hotels/ Lodges: C2 3. Wholesale, Godowns, Warehousing/ Regulated markets and Service Sector: C3 The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Commercial land use zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted Retail and wholesale business, mercantile, commercial centres, Wholesale storage yards, Godowns, covered storage and warehousing, Banks, financial services and stock exchanges, Perishable goods markets, Business and professional offices, Private institutional offices and Govt./ Semi Government offices, Shops and shopping malls, Commercial services/ garage/ workshops, Restaurants and hotels, Hostels, boarding houses, guest houses, Social and welfare institutions, Convenience and neighbourhood shopping centres, Local shopping centres, weekly and formal markets, Bakeries and confectionaries, Cinema halls, theatres, banquet halls, auditoriums, Community halls, night shelters, Clinics and nursing homes, pet clinics, post offices, police station/ post, baraat ghar/ marriage hall, Petrol Pumps, IT and IT enabled services, Commercial institutes, Research and training institutes, Parking lots, Taxi stands, Two-wheeler stands. b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 151

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Associated residential uses, Warehousing, storage godowns of perishable, inflammable goods, coal, wood, timber yards, Non- polluting, non- obnoxious light industries, Junk-yards, Service centres, garages, workshops, Printing presses employing not more than 10 persons, 20 bedded hospitals not treating contagious diseases and mental patients, Weigh bridges, Gas installation and gas works, Colleges, polytechnics and higher technical institutes, Sports complex and stadiums, Transient visitor’s homes, Places of entertainment, Recreational uses and museums, Convention centres, Religious places, Public Utilities, Telephone Exchanges, Police posts and post offices, Picnic Hut, Truck terminal, bus depots and parking, small workshops ,repair shops subject to the setbacks & FAR, height & coverage of this zone. c) Activities Prohibited Polluting industries, Heavy, extensive, noxious, obnoxious, hazardous and extractive industrial units, Hospitals, research laboratories treating contagious diseases, Poultry farms, dairy farms, slaughter houses, Sewage treatment plants and disposal sites, Solid waste treatment plants and dumping grounds, Agricultural uses, Storage of perishable and inflammable commodities, Quarrying of gravel, sand, clay and stone, Zoological gardens, botanical gardens and bird sanctuary, Sports training centres, Courts, forensic laboratory, District battalion office, International conference centre and all other related activities which may cause nuisance. 13.17.3 MIXED USE ZONE (M) The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Mixed land use zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted In the mixed-use zone all activities falling within permitted land use (dominant land use) shall be minimum 60% and to co-exist with commercial, institutional and recreational which shall include Residential Plot- Plotted housing and Group housing, Residential-cum-work plot, Employees housing, Guest House, Boarding and Lodging houses, Hostel, Dharamshala and its equivalent, Night shelter, Local Level (Convenience/ Local Shopping Centre), Cinema/ Multiplexes, Post Offices, Parks and Playgrounds, Service industry/ centre, Road network with street furniture, Bus Stops, Taxi stand, Parking, Community hall/ baraat ghar/ marriage hall, Community/ Recreational Hall, Library, Reading Room, Society Office, Crèche and Day Care Centre, Nursing home/ Polyclinic/ Clinical Laboratory, Religious premises, Gymnasium, Yoga Centres, Banks, clubs, ATM, Police stations, Police post b) Activities Restricted -That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Activities related to non-polluting household industrial land use shall be allowed to a maximum of 10%. c) Activities Prohibited All other activities especially industrial which are polluting in nature and which will have adverse impact on the overall activities of this zone. 13.17.4 INDUSTRIAL USE ZONE (I) The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Industrial land use zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted All kind of non-polluting industries, agro-based and household industries, Loading, unloading spaces, Warehousing, storage and depots of non-perishable and non- inflammable commodities, Cold storage and ice factory, Gas Godowns, Wholesale business establishments, Petrol filling

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 152

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

station with garages and service stations, Bus terminals and bus depots and workshops, Parking, parks and playground, medical centres, taxi stands, Residential buildings for essential staff and for watch and ward, Public utilities. b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Heavy, extensive and other obnoxious, hazardous industries subject to the approval of the Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Industrial Research Institute, Technical Educational Institutions, Junkyards, sports/ stadiums/ playgrounds, Sewage disposal works, electric power plants, service stations, cemeteries, Govt. semi-govt., private business offices, Banks, financial institutions and other commercial offices, quarrying of gravel, sand, clay or stone, Agro-based industries, dairy and farming, Gas installations and gas works, Workshops garages, Hotels and guest houses, Hospitals and medical centres subject to the setbacks, FAR ,height and coverage of this zone. c) Activities Prohibited General business unless incidental to and on the same site with industry, Schools and colleges, Hotels, motels and caravan parks, Recreational sports or centers, Other non-industrial related activities, Religious buildings, Irrigated and sewage farms, Major oil depot and LPG refilling plants, Social buildings and all uses not specifically permitted above. 13.17.5 PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC USE ZONE (PS) The Public and Semi Public use zone can be sub divided into: 1. Govt. / Semi Govt. / Public Offices: PS 1 2. Educational and Institutional: PS 2 3. Medical and Health PS 3 4. Socio-Cultural: PS 4 5. Utilities and Services: PS 5 The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Public and Semi Public use zone (PS - 1 to PS - 5) shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted Government offices, central, state, local and semi-Government, public undertaking offices, Universities and specialized educational institutions, colleges, schools, research and development centres, Social and welfare centres, Libraries, Hospitals, health centres, dispensaries and clinics, Social and cultural institutes, Religious buildings, Marriage halls, community halls, Conference halls, Museums, art galleries, exhibition halls, auditoriums, Police stations, police lines, jails, Local state and central govt. offices uses for Defence purpose, Educational and research institutions, Social and cultural and religious buildings, Local council and village council facilities, Uses incidental to govt. offices and for their use, Monuments b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Residential flats, residential plots for group housing and staff housing, IT services, Hostels, transit accommodation, Entertainment and recreational complexes, Nursery and kindergarten, welfare centre, Open air theatre, playground, Residential club, guest house, Bus/ Truck terminals, helipads, service station, warehouse/ storage godowns, Parking areas, taxi stands, two-wheeler stands, commercial uses and any other activities, subject to the setbacks, FAR, height and coverage of this Zone. c) Activities Prohibited

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 153

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Heavy, extensive and other obnoxious, hazardous industries, Slaughterhouses, Junkyard, Wholesale mandis, Dairy and poultry farms, farmhouses, Workshops for servicing and repairs, Processing and sale of farm products and all uses not specifically permitted above Utilities and Services: PS-5 a) Activities Permitted Post offices, Telegraph offices, public – utilities and buildings, Water Treatment Plant, Sewage Treatment Plant, Solid waste Treatment Plant solid waste dumping grounds, Radio transmitter and wireless stations, telecommunication centres, telephone exchange, Water supply installations, Sewage disposal works, Service stations, Cemeteries/burial grounds and cremation grounds, Power plants/ electrical substation, Radio and television station, Fire stations b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Service industry, Warehouse/storage godowns, Health centre for public and staff or any other use incidental to public utilities and services, Information/Payment kiosk, Incidental/ancillary residential use, Truck terminals, helipads, Commercial uses centre c) Activities Prohibited Any building or structure, which is not required for uses related to public utilities and activities, is not permitted therein. Heavy, extensive and other obnoxious, hazardous industries and all uses not specifically permitted above. 13.17.6 RECREATIONAL USE ZONE (R) The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Recreational Use Zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted Regional parks, district parks, playgrounds, Botanical/zoological garden, Bird sanctuary, Clubs, stadiums (indoor), outdoor stadiums with/ without health centre for players and staff, Picnic huts, holiday resorts, Shooting range, Sports training centres, specialized parks/maidans for multiuse, swimming pool, Special recreation and special educational areas, Library, public utilities. b) Activities Restricted -That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Building and structures ancillary to use permitted in open spaces and parks such as stand for vehicles on hire, taxis and scooters, bus and railway passenger terminals, Facilities such as police post, fire post, post and telegraph office, Commercial use of transit nature like cinema, circus and other shows, Public assembly halls, Restaurants and caravan parks, Sports stadium, open air cinemas. c) Activities Prohibited Any building or structure, which is not required for open air recreation, dwelling unit except for watch and ward personnel and uses not specifically, permitted therein. 13.17.7 TRANSPORT USE ZONE (T) The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Transport use zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted All types of roads, Rail terminal, goods terminal, circulations, Bus stops and Bus and Truck terminals Taxi stands, Parking areas, Filling stations, Transport offices, booking offices, Night shelter, boarding houses, Banks, Restaurants, Workshops and garages, Automobile spares and services,

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 154

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Godowns, Loading and unloading platforms (with/without cold storage facility), weigh bridges, Ware houses, Storage depots, Utility networks (drainage, sewage, power, tele-communications).

b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Way side shops and restaurants, Authorized/Planned Vending areas, Incidental/ancillary residential use, Emergency health care centre, Tourism related projects, all ancillary (complimentary) uses for above categories. c) Activities Prohibited Use/activity not specifically related to transport are not permitted herein and all uses are not specifically permitted as above.

13.17.8 PRIMARY ACTIVITY/AGRICULTURE USE ZONE (PA) Primary Activity can be sub divided into 1. Agriculture: PA 1 2. Plantation: PA 2 3. Forestland/ Govt. Land: PA 3 The activities Permitted, Restricted and Prohibited in Primary Activity zone shall be as given below: a) Activities Permitted Dwelling for the people engaged in the farm (rural settlement), Farm‐houses and accessory buildings, Agriculture, horticulture and forestry, poultry, piggeries and dairy farm, Cottage industries, storage, processing and sale of farm produce, Petrol and other fuel filling stations, Fishing, Public utility and facility buildings. b) Activities Restricted -That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Extensive industry, brick kilns, Sewage disposal works, Electric power plant, Quarrying of gravel, sand, clay or stone, Service industries accessory to obnoxious and hazardous industries, School and library and religious buildings, workshops for servicing and repair of farm machinery & service station on fixed tenure basis, cold storage, godowns for food, seeds, fertilizers, agriculture/horticulture equipments, tourist accommodation, transit visitors camps on non- permanent, bus /taxi stands and parking places, etc. subject to the setbacks , FAR ,height & coverage of this zone. c) Activities Prohibited Residential use except those ancillary uses permitted in agricultural use, Heavy extensive, noxious, obnoxious and hazardous industries, any activity which is creating nuisance and is obnoxious in nature.

13.17.9 PROTECTED AND UNDEVELOPABLE USE ZONE (E) The protective and undevelopable use zone shall be sub divided into 1. Water bodies: E1 2. Protected Forest: E2 3. Green Belt/Buffer: E3 4. Undevelopable use zone: E4

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 155

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

1. Water bodies a) Activities Permitted Rivers, Khads, Nallahs, Streams, water spring, Ponds, lakes, Reservoir, Water Catchment Area b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Fisheries, boating, water theme parks, water sports, lagoons, any other use/activity incidental to Water Bodies Use is permitted. c) Activities Prohibited Use/activity not specifically related to Water Bodies Use not permitted herein. All uses not specifically permitted above. 2. Protected Forest: a) Activities Permitted Agro and Social forestry, Felling or removing trees or timber or other forest-produce from such forests for their own use for the purposes of trade. b) Activities Restricted -That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Cutting, sawing and conversion, Removal of trees and timber, Collection, manufacture and removal of forest-produce, from protected forests. c) Activities Prohibited Any kind of development residential, industrial or commercial, quarrying of stone, burning of lime or charcoal, Collection or subjection to any manufacturing process, or removal of, any forest-produce in any such forest, breaking up or clearing for cultivation, for building, for herding cattle or for any other purpose, of any land in any such forest. 3. Green Belt/Buffer: a) Activities Permitted Afforestation, erosion checking measures, landscaping for tourism and public utilities such as lines of movement, water pump-houses, sewerage plants, solid waste management plants, roads/path, ghats, parks, cremation shelter. b) Activities Prohibited No construction activities shall be allowed with in the green belt i.e. 25m/10m/5m from the river/khad/nallah respectively except above permitted activities. 4. Undevelopable use zone: Undevelopable use zone shall be identified as all earthquake/landslide prone, cliffs and environmentally hazardous area, areas adjacent to fault lines, areas with slope higher than 45 degree (NBC), flood plain and other areas identified by State Disaster Management Authority/ Competent Authority and all the environmentally sensitive areas. a) Activities Permitted Afforestation b) Activities Restricted-That may be permitted on special grounds by Director Quarrying of gravel, sand, clay or stone, Check dam to store water after clearance from the authority, Special outdoor recreations c) Activities Prohibited

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 156

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

All uses not specifically permitted above 13.17.10 ABADI DEH Unless otherwise specified under all the above regulations no planning permission shall be required for village “Abadi Deh” as defined in the revenue construction in “Abadi Deh” area shall continue to be covered/governed as per existing conventions. Changes of land use for development in this zone, other than a farm house can be permitted only exceptional case subject to following conditions: - A simple application shall be submitted to the Director for construction of two storeys structures with two metres setbacks on all sides for self-employment activities e.g. Shop Atta Chakki, Poultry Farm, Dairy, Godowns and small scale industry promoting agriculture. The application shall contain the following description: -

1. Name and Father's name of the applicant along with correspondence and permanent address. 2. Description of land and activity proposed. 3. A location/Site plan describing the exact location of the site (with or without scale) 4. Line plan of the proposed construction (Scale 1:100). However, each of such application shall be accompanied with a recommendation of the Pradhan of the area that the proposed activity/construction is not going to cause any nuisance and that there is a proper approach path existing or proposed by the applicant. Note: - These regulations of Chapter 13 of Development Plan shall be applicable in the entire planning area, the detail of which is shown in Table 13.2.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 157

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

14. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION The Chapter deals with the Phasing, Costing and Financing techniques of the Development Proposals for the Planning Area.

14.1 Planning Perspective The Development Plan contains provision for a projected population of 72,134 people, which is anticipated to are in Sundernagar Planning Area by the end of year 2035 through period of 20 years. The total area covered within Sundernagar Planning Area is 2640 Ha. The 88 Ha of land is covered under DPF and Dense Forest and 90 Ha under Water Bodies which has been retained as such while 165 Ha of land has steep slope i.e., slope between 30°and 45°and 15 Ha’ land is undevelopable i.e., slope more than 45°. An acute shortage of funds for acquisition of land for public purposes is a great challenge to the administration to ensure a sustainable integrated development pattern. It has, therefore, been proposed to adopt a people's participatory approach for an optimum accomplishment. It will only be possible with the joint efforts of Municipal Council Panchayat and the Gram Panchayats included in the Sundernagar Planning Area and the Department of Town and Country Planning, which is nodal agency for planning in the State. Though the phasing, costing and implementation of Development Plan is to be contemplated by integrating it as part of Five Year Plans and keeping in view development priorities to meet needs of growing population, yet in view of socio-economic dynamics likely to persist after the course of five years on one hand and in consonance with the national policy of preparation of rolling plans on the other. The programme for implementation of each successive phase has to be worked out in view of reviewing at interval of 5 years’ time frame i.e. after each phase. For implementation of Development Plan, services land needs to be developed in view of planning provisions to the channelise growth of the town according to the Development Plan. In implementation of this Development Plan, Sundernagar Municipal Council and Gram Panchayats are proposed to play an instrumental role for bulk services, however, the State Govt. has to make allocation either to the Department of Town and Country Planning or to Infrastructural Departments.

14.2 Phasing The Development Plan is a regulatory instrument to guide the development through 20 years. Since it is not possible to clearly foresee the entire scenario with reference to the financial aspects that is likely to emerge over such a long period. Hence, the Development Plan is considered to be a long- term policy document which is to serve as a guide for development and must be reviewed after every five years to incorporate all the changes on priorities. The first phase is very important as it gives lead to the development pattern that is to be followed in subsequent phases. To implement the proposals made in previous chapter in a phased manner, following phases have been proposed: - Phase I 2016-2020 Phase II 2021-2025 Phase III 2026-2030 Phase IV 2031-2035 Details of activities to be undertaken in each phase is given in the table below: -

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 158

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Table 14-1 Phasing of Planning Proposals Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV Sl. No. Activities/Use 2016-20 2021-25 2026-30 2031-35 1 Commercial a Expansion of existing Wholesale market-cum-Subzi  Mandi at Dhanotu b Expansion of existing Timber Market at Mahadev c Expansion of existing Building Material market at Mahadev d Hotels and Restaurants along 4-lane Expressway   e Service Sector Repair shops   f Community Center  g Local shops and Shopping Center     2 Industrial a Handicraft and Cottage Industries   b Agro-processing Industries   c SMSE Industries   d IT and ITeS Industries   e Research and Development   3 Traffic and Transportation a Widening of NH-154 within the town to 18m ROW  b Widening of Circular Road till Maharaja Lakshman  Sen Memorial College to 15m ROW c Construction of new 12m ROW roads   d Widening of Remaining Circular Road to 12 ROW   e Widening of exiting links between NH and Circular   Road to 9m ROW f Widening of village roads to 6m ROW     g Junction Improvements  h Truck Parking at Naulakha along NH-154  i New Bus Terminal at Thala along NH-154  j Relocation of Taxi stand  h Parking at strategic locations   4 Tourism a Development of Tourist Destination spot at hill top  in Bahot b Adventure Tourism at hill top  c Light and sound show  d Flori-tourism activities  e Development of pilgrimage sites   f Development of other heritage sites   5 Facilities a Nursery Schools   b Dispensary and Health Sub-Center  c Nursing Home and Family Welfare Center   d Hospital  e Sub Post Office   f Police Post and Police Station   g Fire Station  h Banquet Hall  i Community Welfare Center  6 Recreational Spaces a City Park  b Botanical Garden   c Zoological Garden  

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 159

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV Sl. No. Activities/Use 2016-20 2021-25 2026-30 2031-35 d Neighbourhood Park and Playground     7 Residential a Residential Sectoral Development     8 Infrastructure a Water supply     b Sewerage     c Strom water drains     d Solid Waste Management     e Power and Telecommunication     9 Agricultural a Floricultural    

14.3 Costing The Plan envisages that the residential development is to be ensured by the landowners by sub- divisions, Municipal Council and Gram Panchayats through mechanism of 'Land Pooling and Reconstitution'. In case the "Land Pooling and Reconstitution" mechanism does not succeed, the land has to be acquired for implementation of the Development Plan Roads with width 6.00 M and less are to be developed by Municipal Council and Gram Panchayat by raising funds from the beneficiaries. Roads with a width of 9.00 M, 12.00 M and 15.00 M are to be implemented by the PWD by raising development charges through implementation and realization of remunerative uses in the activity zones. However, the cost of arterial roads (18.00 M), bulk water and electric supply is to be borne by obtaining funds through plan allocation from the State Government and the same is to be realized subsequently from the beneficiaries. The cost of various infrastructure projects envisaged in the Development Plan accounts of about 291 crores. This includes- 1. Construction of new roads and road widening on proposed roads. Construction of storm- water drains along the roads 2. Construction of Water Treatment Plan and laying of water supply distribution network 3. Construction of Sewerage Treatment Plant and laying of sewer network 4. Augmentation of existing electric sub-station and laying of over-head electrical lines 5. Street-lighting and telecommunication networking 6. Solid waste management

Table 14-2: Summary of Infrastructure Cost Total Sl.No. Description Unit Rate Total Amount Quantity 1 ROADS AND PATHWAY 1A Asphalt Carriage Way Sqm 3,300 716548 2,36,46,06,783 300mm GSB, 250mm WMM, 100mm DBM, 40mm BC 1B Minor Bridges (RCC) Sqm 80,000 4680 37,44,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 2,36,46,06,783 2 STORM WATER DRAINAGE 2A Rectangular Drains (RCC) Meter 21,000 203476 4,27,29,94,425 2B Culverts (RCC) Big Meter 70,00,000 7.00 4,90,00,000 2C Box Culverts (RCC) Road Crossings Each 20,000 359 71,80,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 4,32,91,74,425 3 WATER SUPPLY

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 160

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Total Sl.No. Description Unit Rate Total Amount Quantity 3A Potable Water Supply Distribution Network Meter 3,500 142570 49,89,93,564 HDPE PE80 <300mmdia, 300mm>DI Pipes, SandS K-7 3B WTP MLD 3,00,00,000 11.80 35,40,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 85,29,93,564 4 SEWERAGE 4A Waste Water network Meter 5,750 165782 95,32,44,390 RCC NP-3 internal lined pipes 4B STP MLD 3,50,00,000 5.00 17,50,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 1,12,82,44,390 5 Solid Waste Management TPD 3,00,000 200.00 6,00,00,000 6 Power 6A Construction of New 33/11kV Substation L.S 3,86,29,450 1 3,86,29,450 6B 22kV and 11kV OH Network (renovation, KM 3,81,145 8.00 30,49,160 modernization and upgradation) 6C New 22kV and 11kV OH Network KM 6,02,557 8.54 51,48,247 6D L.V Network with Pole Mounted Distribution KM 9,18,298 13.24 1,21,53,858 Transformers 6E Street lighting on the New Road Lighting Pole KM 5,00,000 10.68 53,40,000 6F Street lighting on the existing OH Infrastructure KM 2,25,000 39.81 89,57,250 SUB HEAD TOTAL 7,32,77,965 7 Telecommunications 7A Telecommunications / Data Network Conduiting KM 2,50,000 18.85 47,11,250 SUB HEAD TOTAL 47,11,250 TOTAL 8,81,30,08,376 Add for Misc. and unforeseen items 44,06,50,419 Escalation (per annum) 64,77,56,116 TOTAL (cost as on 2016) 9,90,14,14,910 Source: Estimated by Analysis based on Standard Rates

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 161

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

The phase wise costing for the infrastructural work is presented in the table below. Table 14-3: Phase-wise Costing of Development Description Unit PH-1: 2016-2020 PH-2: 2021-2025 PH-3: 2026-2030 PH-4: 2031-2035 Total Amount S.No. Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount 1 ROADS and PATHWAY 1A Asphalt Carriage Way Sqm 112076 2,36,46,06,783 36,98,52,197 206005 67,98,15,886 223354 73,70,67,064 175113 57,78,71,636 300 mm GSB, 250 mm WMM, 100 mm DBM, 40mm BC 1B Minor Bridges (RCC) Sqm 720 5,76,00,000 3600 28,80,00,000 360 2,88,00,000 37,44,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 36,98,52,197 67,98,15,886 73,70,67,064 57,78,71,636 2,36,46,06,783 2 STORM WATER DRAINAGE 3A Rectangular Drains (RCC) Meter 32022 67,24,58,540 52552 1,10,35,84,718 66343 1,39,31,98,700 52560 1,10,37,52,466 4,27,29,94,425 3B Culverts (RCC) Big Meter 1.00 70,00,000 2 1,40,00,000 2 1,40,00,000 2 1,40,00,000 4,90,00,000 3C Box Culverts (RCC) Road Crossings Each 56 11,20,000 103 20,60,000 112 22,40,000 88 17,60,000 71,80,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 68,05,78,540 1,11,96,44,718 1,40,94,38,700 1,11,95,12,466 4,32,91,74,425 4 WATER SUPPLY 4A Potable Water Supply Distribution Network Meter 32022 11,20,76,423 33829 11,84,02,884 34428 12,04,96,672 42291 14,80,17,584 49,89,93,564 HDPE PE80 <300mmdia, 300mm>DI Pipes, SandS K-7 4B WTP MLD 9.30 27,90,00,000 2.5 7,50,00,000 35,40,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 39,10,76,423 11,84,02,884 19,54,96,672 14,80,17,584 85,29,93,564 5 SEWERAGE 5A Waste Water network RCC NP-3 internal lined Meter 32022 18,41,25,553 42287 24,31,48,779 49182 28,27,98,313 42291 24,31,71,745 95,32,44,390 pipes 5B STP MLD 3.50 12,25,00,000 1.5 5,25,00,000 17,50,00,000 SUB HEAD TOTAL 30,66,25,553 24,31,48,779 33,52,98,313 24,31,71,745 1,12,82,44,390 6 Solid Waste Management TPD 200.00 6,00,00,000 6,00,00,000 7 Power and Telecommunications 7A Construction of New 33/11kV Substation L.S 1 3,86,29,450 3,86,29,450 7B 22kV and 11kV OH Network (renovation, KM 4 15,24,580 2 7,62,290 1 3,81,145 1 3,81,145 30,49,160 modernization and upgradation) 7C New 22kV and 11kV OH Network KM 5.34 32,17,654 3.2 19,30,593 51,48,247 7D L.V Network with Pole mounted Distribution KM 3.2 29,38,554 1.6 14,69,277 5.07 46,57,608 3.36 30,88,420 1,21,53,858 Transformers

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 162

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Description Unit PH-1: 2016-2020 PH-2: 2021-2025 PH-3: 2026-2030 PH-4: 2031-2035 Total Amount S.No. Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount 7E Street lighting on the New Road Lighting Pole KM 2.07 10,33,500 8.61 43,06,500 53,40,000 7F Street lighting on the existing OH Infrastructure KM 3.2 7,20,000 11.4 25,64,100 11.75 26,42,850 13.47 30,30,300 89,57,250 SUB HEAD TOTAL KM 51,83,134 58,29,167 5,38,35,207 84,30,457 7,32,77,965 8 Telecommunications / Data Network Conduiting KM 3.77 9,42,250 3.77 9,42,250 7.54 18,84,500 3.77 9,42,250 47,11,250 TOTAL 1,81,42,58,097 2,16,77,83,684 2,73,30,20,457 2,09,79,46,138 8,81,30,08,376 Add for Misc. and unforeseen items 9,07,12,905 10,83,89,184 13,66,51,023 10,48,97,307 44,06,50,419 Escalation (per annum) 13,33,47,970 15,93,32,101 20,08,77,004 15,41,99,041 64,77,56,116 TOTAL (cost as on 2016) 2,03,83,18,972 2,43,55,04,969 3,07,05,48,483 2,35,70,42,486 9,90,14,14,910 Source: Estimated by Analysis based on Standard Rates

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 163

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

14.4 Financing The cost of residential development including road network, sewerage, drainage, electrification, parks, open spaces, parking, local convenient shopping etc., is to be borne by the land owners either themselves in respect of their land holdings or by way of land pooling and reconstitution mechanism in respect of small irregular holdings of different owners. The benefits likely to occur by way of sale of plots by virtue of enhancement of land values due to planned efforts would be more than sufficient to meet with the cost of development. On the basis of demarcation of plots in view of duly approved sub-division land pooling and reconstitution scheme by the Director, Town and Country Planning Department. Himachal Pradesh. The land owner may get advance from the likely purchasers for development purposes. The Wholesale-cum-Sabzi Mandi complex is to be developed by the HP Marketing Committee. The Truck parking in vicinity of the proposed Mandi is to be developed by the Municipal Council /PWD by raising funds from the beneficiaries in due course of time, by charged parking. The HP Department of Industries/HP State Industrial Development Corporation will be responsible for development of industrial area. Similarly, the respective Departments/ Government undertaking by raising resources from the beneficiaries will be responsible for development of utilities, facilities and services including water supply, sewerage, drainage electrification, telephone etc. at the town level. The Government and Semi-Govt. offices are to be developed by the respective Departments either by raising their own resources or by obtaining funds from the Government. Town and sector level parks may be developed by the Municipal Council and Gram Panchayat by arranging land for the purpose.

14.5 Implementation Besides landowners, Municipal Council and Gram Panchayats shall be responsible for creation of services land. However, overall control on implementation of proposals of Development Plan in terms of land use, zoning and sub-division regulations shall vest with the Director, Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh. To assess achievements of each phase and to orient the Development Plan according to changing needs as well as to cater for unforeseen factors, it is envisaged to review this Plan after the completion of period of each phase. In order to ensure inter-departmental coordination, a committee under the chairmanship of SDM, Sundernagar is hereby recommended. It shall have following members: 1. S.D.M, Sundernagar, Chairman 2. Tehsildar, Sundernagar 3. Executive Engineer (BandR), H.P.PWD, Sundernagar ex eng 4. Executive Engineer (I & PH), Sundernagar 5. Executive Engineer (HPSEB), Sundernagar 6. Chief Engineer, BBMB Colony, Sundernagar 7. DFO, Sundernagar 8. President, Municipal Council, Sundernagar 9. Executive Officer, Municipal Council, Sundernagar 10. Regional Officer, HRTC, Sundernagar

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 164

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

11. Pradhans, Gram Panchayats in Sundernagar Planning Area 12. Executive Engineer (NH) 13. Three Key NGO’s or public representatives 14. Planning Officer, TCPD, Sundernagar 15. Town and Country Planner/ Assistant Town Planner, Mandi, Member Secretary The Committee may meet at least twice in a year and devise ways and means to ensure implementation of development plan proposals.

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 165

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

15. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bhagat, B.B., Das, K.C., 2008, Levels, Trends and Structure of Workforce in India: Census Based Study 1981-2001, International Institute of Population Sciences, Mumbai. Central Ground Water Board, Ground Water Information Booklet, Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh, September 2013, Series-E, Northern Himalayan Region, Dharamshala, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India. Central Pollution Control Board, Ambient Air Quality Standards, Government of India, available at http://cpcb.nic.in/National_Ambient_Air_Quality_Standards.php Department of Economics and Statistics, Economic Survey of Himachal Pradesh, 1995 1999-00, 2005- 06 and 2014, Government of Himachal Pradesh. Department of School Education and Literacy, School Location Mapping, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, available at http://schoolgis.nic.in/index.html District Industry Center, Mandi District, Government of Himachal Pradesh. Forest Department, Himachal Pradesh Forest Statistics, 2013, Government of Himachal Pradesh, available at http://hpforest.nic.in/files/HP%20Forest%20Statistics2013.pdf Government of Himachal Pradesh, Fact File: General Parameters, Official Website of Mandi District available at http://hpmandi.nic.in/factfile.htm Government of Himachal Pradesh, Weather Information, The Official Website of Himachal Pradesh, available at http://himachal.nic.in/weather.php?lang=1anddpt_id=17andlevel=0andlid=1947andlinkid=709 Government of India, 2012, District Disaster Management Plan: District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, the Government of India-UNDP Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Programme (2009-12), UNDP. Government of India, Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India, 1951-2001, available at https://data.gov.in/catalogs/ministry_department/india-meteorological-department-imd Government of India, Water Quality Assessment Authority, accessed on 16th April, 2016, available at http://wqaa.gov.in/Content/History.aspx Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board, Air Quality Data, 2013-15, Government of Himachal Pradesh, available at http://hppcb.nic.in/airquality/ Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board, Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report and Environment Management Plan, n.d., Vardan Environet, Gurgaon, Haryana, available at http://hppcb.nic.in/Luxmisceia.pdf http://www.sanctuaryasia.com/resources/ngo-profiles/5974-wildlife-conservation-trust-wct- mumbai.html IITK--BMTPC “Earthquake Tips: Learning Seismic Design and Construction”, National Information Center of Earthquake Engineering, IIT Kanpur, India seen on 16th June 2016. Khanna, G, 2015, Transit Networks and Regional Development in India, University of Michigan, available at http://www.ideasforindia.in/article.aspx?article_id=430 , accessed on 29th August, 2016. Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Brief Industrial Profile of Mandi District, 2011-12, Government of India. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, 2012, Working Group on Roads for the National Transport Development Policy Committee: Final Report, Government of India, New Delhi

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 166

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Ministry of Urban Development, “Regional Plan-2021: National Capital Region”, Government of India, p. 125-128. Ministry of Urban Development, Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation Norms and Standards Government of India. Ministry of Urban Development, The Constitution (Seventy-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1992 Background, accessed on 20/06/2016, Government of India, available at http://moud.gov.in/legislation/constiution Ministry of Urban Development, Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) Guidelines, January 2015, Government of India. National Disaster Management Authority, Incident Response System, July 2010, Government of India. National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS), Government of India. Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner (ORGI), District Census Handbook, Mandi District, 2014-15, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner (ORGI), General Population Tables, Mandi District, 1991, 2001 and 2011, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner (ORGI), Primary Census Abstract, Mandi District, Table HH-4, H-4, 2011, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner (ORGI), 2011, Meta Data, Census of India 2011, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, p.6-7. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner (ORGI), 2011, Metadata on Houselisting and Housing Census, Census of India 2011, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, p.5-6. Pandey, G.D., “Mitigation and Prevention of Chemical Disasters”, n.d. Directorate of Factories, U.P. available at http://www.cidm.in/presentations/Gopal%20D.%20Pandey%20- %20SMINAR%20PAPER.pdf PHD Chamber, 2012, Tourism in Himachal Pradesh and the way ahead, KPMG Network, p.6. Available at http://www.kpmg.com/IN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ThoughtLeadership/Tourism-in- himachal-pradesh.pdf Planning Commission, Tenth Five Year Plan: Sectoral Policies and Programmes, 2002-07, Vol. II, Government of India, New Delhi. Sinha, RS, 2013, Urban Forestry: Urbanisation and Greening of Indian Cities- Efforts for Green Delhi, Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, available at http://www.teriuniversity.ac.in/mct/pdf/assignment/Rama-Shankar-Sinha.pdf , accessed on 29th August, 2016. Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan: Sundernagar-Division, 2015, District Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. World Health Organization, 2007, Risk reduction and emergency preparedness: WHO six-year strategy for the health sector and community capacity development, WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland p.9. Available at http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/emergency_preparedness_eng.pdf

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 167

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

16. ANNEXURES

Household Survey Format Development Plan for Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh Department of Town and Country Planning, Shimla Household Survey NAME OF SURVEYOR: …………………………………………… DATE: ………………………… DAY: ………………………..………… NAME OF RESPONDENT: ………………………………………. AREA SURVEYED: ………………………………. 1. HOUSEHOLD PROFILE

Education Occupation Monthly Work Education Mode of a. Illiterate a. Student Income Institute Places transport b. Literate b. Business a. <5000 a. Walk s. b. 5000-10000 b. Primary c. Government a. Within Village b. Cycle No c. 10000- Service c. Two- . Relationship c. Higher 20000 b. In urban areas (planning Wheeler with the Age Sex Secondary d. Private d. 20000- area) d. Car Respondent professional 30000 d. Graduate e. Taxi/Aut e. 30000- e. Retired c. Within planning area o e. Post- 40000 f. Bus Graduate f. Home maker f. 40000- d. Outside planning area g. Tractors f. Others g. others 50000 h. Others (please specify) (please specify) g. >50000

1.1 Housing typology □ Plotted □ Flats □ Others, specify ………………

1.2 No. of floors □ G □ G+1 □ G+2 □ G+3 □ Others, specify ………………… 1.3 When was this house built? □ 0-10years □ 10-20years □ More than 20years 1.4 House ownership □ Owned □ Rented □ Govt. allotted 1.5 If rented, Monthly Rental Rs …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 168

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

2. HOUSING STRUCTURE PROFILE 2.1 Plot size (m2)…………………………………...... Property / Land Value ……………………………………………. 2.2 No. of rooms …………………………………………………….. 2.3 Floor Wise Building Use 2.4 Building Material

Floor Use (Residential/ Remarks a) Floor □ Cement □ Mud Commercial/ (specify if Others) others) b) Wall □ Brick □ Wooden Ground c) Roof □ RCC □ Concrete □ Floor First Floor Asbestos Second □ Thatch □ Tiles □ Floor Tin sheet Third Floor

3. MIGRATION: 3.1 CITY/TOWN SPECIFIC a) Duration of stay of head of household □ Since birth □ No b) If no, When did you move here □ 0-2 years □ 2-5 years □ 5-10 years □More than 10 year c) From where did you migrate? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. d) What was the reason for migration? □ Employment □ Education □Marriage □Due to Disaster □Others, specify ………………………. 4. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 4.1 WATER SUPPLY a) Source: □ Supply by IPH □ Bore well □ Hand pump □Community Tap □Others b) If municipal supply, Duration of supply per day □ Irregular □< 1hour □ 1-2hour □>2hour c) Do you pay tariff for water □Yes □No c-1) If yes, how much amount you pay per month? ………………………………………………………………………. 4.2 SANITATION & SEWERAGE a) Toilet Facility □ Within Housing Block □ Within Premises □ Community Toilets □Open

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 169

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

b) Sewerage system □ Individual Septic Tank □Community Septic Tank □ City Sewer line b-1) If septic tanks then the frequency of cleaning septic tanks □Monthly □Quarterly □Half-yearly □Yearly b-2) Method of cleaning the septic tanks □Manually □ Mud pipe □ Others 4.3 STORM WATER a) Type of Strom Water Drains □Open □Closed □None b) Any Problems with Strom Water Drains □Water logging □Blockage □Smell □ Mosquito breeding c) Frequency of cleaning □Daily □Weekly □Fortnight □Monthly d) Any water harvesting facility practiced? □Yes □No d-1) If yes, □ Individual □ Community level 4.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT a) Method of Solid Waste Collection □ Door-to-door collection □ Community Level Collection □ None b) Waste Dumping □ Individually to the nearest bin □ Individually to the dumping ground □ Community level dumping □ Others c) Distance to nearest garbage bin/ dumping ground (in kms) …………….……………………………………………………………

4.5 POWER a) Do you have Metered electricity Connection □Yes □No c) Are there any power cuts? □ Yes □ No c-1) If yes, for what time/ hours per day……………………………………….………… d) How much tariff do you pay for electricity? □ per unit………………………………………… □ per month………………………………… e) Do you have access to solar power? □ Yes □ No e-1) If yes, for what purpose you use? □ Lighting □ Solar Heating system □ Cooking □ Other, specify………………. 4.6 TRANSPORT

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 170

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

a) Vehicle ownership

Type 4-wheeler 2-wheeler Cycle Other None

No.

b) Details of Household trips

S.No. Gender Mode of Origin Destination Travel Travel Travel Cost Transport Purpose Time

a. Walk b. Cycle c. Two-Wheeler d. Car e. Taxi/Auto f. Bus

b-1) Are you satisfied with the frequency of bus service in your area? □ Yes □ No b-1.1) If no,

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 171

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

why?...... 5. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Location Frequency of use Satisfaction

e. Within village a. Daily Unsatisfied - 0-3 f. In urban areas b. Twice a week Fair - 4-5 Social Services/Infrastructure (planning area) g. Within planning c. Weekly Good - 6-7

area d. Rarely V.Good - 8-10 h. Outside planning area (A) Health

Dispensary/ Clinic

Hospital

(B) Shopping

Convenience Shopping

Weekly Market

Local Shopping

Others, specify

(C) Services

Community Hall

Post Office

Police Booth/ Station

Fire Station

(D) Recreational

Parks

Playground

Others

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 172

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

(E) Utilities

Taxi stand/ Bus stop

(F) Education

Nursery School/ Anganwadi

Primary School

Secondary School

Sr. Sec. School

College

6. DISASTER AWARENESS & MANAGEMENT 6.1 AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL a) Which are the most common/likely disaster in your area □ Flood □ Earthquake □ Cloud Burst □ Drought □ Forest Fire □ Landslide □ Fire Incident □ Other………….. b-1) Does any of the above mentioned event took place in your area/nearby in last 10 years? □ Yes □ No b-1.1) If yes, name the event ……………………………………….. b-1.2) Date of the event …………………………………………. b-1.3) Impact □ Devastating □Moderate □Mild c) If your family prepared to face disaster? □ Yes □ No c-1) If yes, what steps will you take to mitigate the impact …………………………………………………………………….

6.2 AT COMMUNITY LEVEL

a) Did you receive any mock drill on any of the disaster event at community level in your area? □ Yes □ No

a-1) If yes, on what event ? …………………………………….

a-2) Who organized it? …………………………………….

a-3) Frequency of such drills? □Monthly □Quarterly □Half-yearly □Yearly 7. Problems and Prospects

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 173

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

i. What are the basic problems that the housing area faces, example, drainage, water supply, waste disposal, safety and security? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… ii. Who is responsible for the management of the housing area? What major works have they done in the past? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………. iii. What are the benefits of living in the area, for example connectivity, accessibility to facilities, etc ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………….

iv. Do you suggest some changes that could help improve the housing area? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… v. What kind of improvements and development are you expecting in your area?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

8. What are your priorities for Improvement

□ Security □ Health □ Water □ Employment □ Roads □ Education □ Housing □ Sanitation □ Electricity

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 174

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Traffic Volume Count Survey Format

TRAFFIC VOLUME COUNT SURVEY FORMAT

Name of Enumerator: ………………………………………………………………...... Date / Time: ……………………………………………………….………………

Name of Road / Location: …………………………………………………………………… Direction of Traffic: …………………………………………………………….

LMV HMV LMV HMV Tractor Non – Motorized Vehicles (Passenger) (Passenger) (Goods) (Goods)

Car 2 Time Wheeler Standard With Without Rick- Hand- Bullock Period 3 W 4 W 3 W 4 W Truck Cycle Others Mini

Bus Bus Trailer Trailer shaw cart cart

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 175

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Origin Destination Survey Format

ORIGIN – DESTINATION SURVEY FORMAT

Name of Enumerator: ………………………………………………………………...... Date / Time: …………………………………………………………….…………

Name of Road / Location: …………………………………………………………………… Direction of Traffic: …………………………………………………………….

Time Vehicle Passenger Origin Destination Purpose No. of Type of No. of Trips No. of working days Route mostly

(Place/District/ (Place/District/ (in days/ weeks/ (in days/ weeks/ preferred or Period type or Goods of Trip Passengers Goods State) State) months) months) adopted

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 176

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Origin Destination Survey Master Sheet

O – D MATRICES AT DHANOTU Vehicle Cars Type: 1 Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 122 1 2232 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 0 0 0 3527 5 2 980 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 980 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 8 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 236 Grand Total 2302 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 0 0 0 4740 8

Vehicle Taxi Type: 2 Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 7 0 60 7 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 81 2 0 0 0 0 13 0 7 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 33 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 4 39 7 0 0 39 13 46 59 20 0 7 39 322 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 17 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 7 0 85 0 51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 136 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 9 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 2 10 0 17 0 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 11 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 12 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 17 0 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 94 41 3 2 Grand Total 39 175 0 59 20 46 81 20 0 7 39 956 7 3 0

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 177

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle M. Bus Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 48 0 0 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97

Vehicle Bus Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 136 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 158 2 231 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 231 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 6 5 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 11 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 13 11 Grand Total 231 203 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 686 6 6

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 178

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle All Type Pasenger Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 122 1 2374 0 82 7 0 0 0 0 78 0 0 0 0 3766 5 125 2 0 0 0 13 0 7 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 1292 9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 17 4 121 7 0 0 39 13 46 20 0 7 39 519 3 0 5 5 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 6 0 17 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 7 0 223 0 51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 274 8 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82 10 9 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 2 10 0 17 0 91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 11 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 114 4 12 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 14 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 139 2 268 60 3 2 26 Grand Total 2681 0 59 20 46 20 0 7 39 6479 7 2 3 0 6

Vehicle LCV/ Type: 1 LMV Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 185 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 16 2 32 0 0 64 0 0 97 0 0 0 0 0 0 354 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 0 0 64 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 185 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 19 Grand Total 32 369 0 64 32 0 97 0 0 0 0 0 0 788 3

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 179

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle 2-Axle Type: 2

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 3 0 7 0 0 7 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 24 2 7 0 0 13 13 7 81 0 47 13 20 0 0 20 222 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 13 7 0 0 0 54 5 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 7 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 11 10 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 Grand Total 8 15 0 26 13 7 0 61 29 34 0 0 21 334 1

Vehicle 3-Axle Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 2 0 0 0 0 32 0 32 0 32 0 0 0 0 0 96 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 0 0 0 0 0 96 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 7 0 155 0 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 233 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 12 Grand Total 0 233 0 32 0 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 534 0 8

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 180

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle MAV Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 25 0 0 0 50 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 Grand Total 95 0 0 0 50 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 170

Vehicle_Typ All e Goods

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 187 0 39 0 0 7 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 240 23 24 2 64 0 0 78 95 7 0 13 20 0 0 20 772 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 4 0 0 0 0 32 0 34 0 13 7 0 0 0 214 8 5 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 79 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 87 7 0 160 0 78 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 239 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 11 10 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 70 185 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 257 19 12 27 38 Grand Total 135 617 0 7 0 29 34 0 0 21 1826 9 8 5 2

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 181

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

O – D MATRICES AT PUNGH

Vehicle Cars Type: 1 Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 14 58 1 353 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1081 6 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 73 0 0 0 0 146 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 469 67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 536 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 335 67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 402 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 115 21 65 Grand Total 134 0 0 0 0 0 73 0 0 0 0 2237 6 9 6

Vehicle Taxi Type: 2 Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 4 0 0 0 11 4 11 0 0 14 7 0 0 0 50 2 0 0 0 0 11 4 7 0 7 25 0 0 4 4 60 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 46 4 4 0 14 53 14 4 0 14 153 24 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 252 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 10 0 5 0 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 11 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 5 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 39 1 Grand Total 9 10 0 67 25 0 21 92 21 4 4 18 674 2 1

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 182

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle M. Bus Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 0 0 0 37 24 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 72

Vehicle Bus Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 31 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 124 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 Grand Total 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 305 4

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 183

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

All Vehicle Passenge Type r

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 15 60 1 356 0 0 0 11 4 0 0 7 0 0 0 1143 6 9 2 0 0 0 0 11 4 80 0 7 56 0 0 4 4 164 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 12 13 4 0 0 0 0 70 4 4 0 87 14 4 0 446 6 8 24 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 252 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 469 67 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 561 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 10 485 72 0 92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 649 11 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 5 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 131 42 1 24 79 14 Grand Total 144 0 91 0 94 21 4 4 3289 5 9 1 3 1 2

Vehicle LCV/ Type: 1 LMV

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 208 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 57 38 0 0 0 0 321 2 19 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 57 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 227 0 0 0 0 0 38 0 76 38 0 0 0 0 378

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 184

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle 2-Axle Type: 2

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 7 28 0 0 0 0 62 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 55 0 21 28 7 0 0 7 131 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 7 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 21 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 7 9 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 14 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 10 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 11 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Grand Total 17 10 0 8 0 90 0 34 57 14 0 0 7 251 4

Vehicle 3-Axle Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 34 0 0 0 102 10 2 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 136 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 91 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 10 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 94 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 23 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 47 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 Grand Total 219 23 0 47 0 0 0 0 68 47 0 0 0 540 6

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 185

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle MAV Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 2 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 25 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 9 10 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 11 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 11 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 Grand Total 26 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 5 68

Vehicle_Typ All e Goods

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 13 1 208 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 65 39 0 0 0 490 2 1 11 2 68 0 0 0 0 74 0 40 28 0 0 12 348 4 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 98 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 117 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 7 9 1 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 38 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 34 10 94 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 11 0 7 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 34 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 47 14 11 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 1 12 17 14 16 Grand Total 489 33 0 73 0 0 0 0 12 1237 4 7 8 2 9

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 186

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

O – D MATRICES AT MAHADEV ROAD

Vehicle Cars Type: 1

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 236 1 381 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2743 2 2 732 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 732 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 309 Grand Total 381 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3475 4

Vehicle Taxi Type: 2

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 94 52 52 22 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 230 2 103 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 134 3 59 7 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 4 83 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 93 5 35 7 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 375 67 93 52 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 597

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 187

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle M. Bus Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 4 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75

Vehicle Bus Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 155 0 84 0 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 324 2 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 142 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 332 0 84 0 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 501

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 188

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

All Vehicle_Typ Passenge e r

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 263 13 1 433 22 95 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3317 1 6 2 871 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 902 3 96 7 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 126 4 102 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 112 5 177 7 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 387 17 Grand Total 448 52 95 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4648 7 7

Vehicle LCV/ Type: 1 LMV

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 376 42 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 2 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 5 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 473 42 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 527

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 189

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle 2-Axle Type: 2

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 269 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 269 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 269 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 269

Vehicle 3-Axle Type: 3

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 65 0 0 0 0 0 74 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 139 2 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 74 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Total 269 0 0 0 0 0 74 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 342

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 190

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Vehicle MAV Type: 4

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 48 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 Grand Total 71 16 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 109

Vehicle_Typ All e Goods

Gran Origin/ 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 d Destination 2 3 Total 1 710 42 6 0 6 0 74 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 837 2 138 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 161 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 5 134 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 108 Grand Total 58 6 0 28 0 74 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1247 1

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 191

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Details of Village wise Government Land

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 499 386 709 655 654 1556 1555 996 Bhaur-1 1410 1241 1377 1318 1051 1070 1089 1152 1132 754 754 826 859 964 993 543 966 597 600 524 Kanaid-2 521 476 321 379 1139 429 511 504 420 421 422 1 Bharjwanoo-3 214

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 192

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

55 936 939 941 947 230 474 1023 292 617 305 302 801 1204 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1240 1261 1263 1124 152

110 520 49 46 63 798 729 727 Chowk-4 637 455 566 639 643 896 909 915 862 881

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 193

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

882 884 886 680 762 824 212 249 252 517 371 369 Ghangal-5 366 362 638 635 731 736 734 1 26 19 53 10 13 44 66 190 Jugahan-6 211 459 476 397 388/1 387 443 429 268 276 225 178 Mahadev-7 501 1433 1623

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 194

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

1617 1599 1592 1588 1567 1221 787 970 783 818 908 903 1 52 76 64 65 1101 66 83 200 115 123 259 260 261 263 Chamukha-8 266 275 276 286 326 312 339 254 249 354 251 232 355 361 237 397

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 195

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

401 404 412 456 481 439 431 428 537 544 527 529 530 496 498 501 502 740 719 745 747 749 510 504 565 587 588 559 608 547 619 610 614 666 711 705 750 1 24 27 Bahot-9 57 25 59

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 196

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

58 7 17 35 432 591 540 542 535 523 520 537 521 248 310 309 211 282 212 153 174 125 152 183 1 88 90 127 109 141 142 154 164 Derdu-10 266 301 271 324 340 305 307 186 302 301/1

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 197

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No.

236 237 Sundernagar Colony-11 No Govt. Land 1 2 12 229 230 240 250 580 232 593 661/1 621 820 771 773 817 812 816 794 Dodhu-12 806 489 467 473 472 329 174 294 295 521 522 525 498 478 465 461 460 135 112 159 Thala-13 276

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 198

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 275 281 294 225 227 1 4 10 72 183 28 28/1 88 87 87/1 90 176 174 199 188/1 189 172 43 110 126 520 512 152 355 406 414 431 447 571 573 599 609 472 475 610 1 Kalohad-14 13 4

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 199

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 24 515 758 753 74 165 216 995 196 194 45 42/1 38 105 103 97 124 89 442 522 514 500 498 155 215 147 398 393 394 379 382/1 365 349 304/1 376 305 346 315 326 322 566 629 561/1

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 200

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 564 562 637 649 647 693 689 683 684/1 615 591 617 655 668 926 580 585 884 897 1022 980 1005 1007 1008 1075 1069 1068 1065 18 29 107 140 142 97 197 Pungh-15 141 220 223 285 287 406 936 236

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 201

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 2352 3420 2352 300 D.P.F. Changar (A)-16 No Govt. Land D.P.F. Changar (B)-17 No Govt. Land 2 1 8 13 41/1 57 224 225 226 239 240 242 215 216 150 257 264 311 Purana Nagar-18 312 375 785 717 753 386 659 410 992 993 994/1 995 995/1 996/1 2206 2095 1191 1015 1927

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 202

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1524 1631 1634 1710 459 464 463 1788 1786 1787 471 472 472/1 496 1789 1792 1790 1798 1784 1804 1799 1812/1 1808 1812 1810 1820 1821 1825 1677 1667 1828 76 1 2 416 417 419 Ropa-19 420 426 8 3 5 12

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 203

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 17 31 32 65 66 67 69 70 82 169 175 176 177 178 180 295 288 357 216 217 220 221 222 225 226 232 257 313 377 625 630 802 854 733 742 750/1 790 922 913 912 916 919 257

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 204

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 969 978 979 980 924 789 788 781 777 780 1111 952 944 950 951 943 936 990 988 941 938 940 1042 51 83 271/1 278 1/2 204 1484 1485 986 2022 Bhojpur-20 1961 1960 1918 1066 1052 1051 1772 1150 1189 1191

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 205

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1193 2071 2760 2103 2126 2195 2295 2010 2305 2258 2533 1380 1700 1216 1696 2583 2577 2443 1552 2596 2596 2570 1558 1694 1693 2845 2599 2635 1692 1686 2844 2849 2846 2870 2883 2772 2768 2767 2 3 Bari-21 313 323 325

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 206

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 83 151 900 465 497 466 463 526 587 561 584 583 562 593 594 551 552 567 568 569 414 754 896 908 916 926 927 928 930 704 540/1 707 705 701 702 698 696 695 1094 1124 1146 1418 1326

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 207

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1405 1424 1429 1395 1431 1433 1510 1519 1523 1528 1530 2251 2324 2311 2310 2298 2296/1 2297/1 2253 2260 2268 2287 2289 2307 2308 2316 2319 2334 2249 2250 1546 2244 2245 2241 2242 1654 1650 1564 1576 1581 1586 1587 1590

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 208

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1465 1607 2205 2212 2206 2145 2139/1 2139 2140 2169 2177 2184 2129 2121 2111 2112 2087 1873 1876 2105 2110 2013 2012 962 1971 1816 981 1806 1798 1717 1609 1462 3438 3439/1 3439 3440 3444 Sundernagar-22 3454 3421 3479 3477 3475 171

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 209

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 168 79 80 162 377 373 571 295 296 299 302 304 305 306 189 2835 2815 2820 2805 2804 2801 2803 2802 462 2723 463 2721 515 519 516 535 534 2630 632 615 617 619 894 895/1 2958 3012 3013 3411

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 210

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 3409 3058 3410 3457 3462 3543 3508 3514 3527 3564 3574 3573 3818 3817 3764 3835 3840 3904 3918 3928 3944 3952 3960 4087 4116 4084 4014 4078 4061 4050 2260 4103 4189 4193 4189 4267 4274 4279 4213 4219 4220 4307 4318

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 211

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 4324 4322 4321 1988 2213 2276 890 897 886 903 900 884 955 2602 944 946 1016 1017 768 767 1089 986 1093 1041 1042 1040 2479 2400 2196 2205 2211 2202 2190 1385 1580 1582 1434 2092 1562 1558 1559 1830 1829

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 212

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1828 2156 2099 2108 2109 2111 2118 2074 4320 2005 2014 2011 1873 2006 2009 2008 875 873 826 827 727 755 1632 1612 1613 1607 1606 1717 1719 1728 1730 1759 1767/1 1746 1744 1745 1587 1796 1793 1794 1792 1782 1769

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 213

Development Plan - 2035 Sundernagar Planning Area

Village Name Govt. Land Khasra No. 1772 1771 1768 1781 1902 1901 1944 2003 2004 1980 1963 1957 1963/1 1978 1979 1964 1976 1977 1975 1974 1965 1973 1971 1969 1966 1970 1972 1967 1968

Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh Page | 214