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MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW XV 2011 MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW XV 2011 MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER (MEDOC) THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PLEASE NOTE: As of 2015, to ensure open access to scholarship, we have updated and clarified our copyright policies. This page has been added to all back issues to explain the changes. See http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/open-acess.html for more information. MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW published by the middle east documentation center (medoc) the university of chicago E-ISSN 1947-2404 (ISSN for printed volumes: 1086-170X) Mamlūk Studies Review is an annual, Open Access, refereed journal devoted to the study of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria (648–922/1250–1517). The goals ofMamlūk Studies Review are to take stock of scholarship devoted to the Mamluk era, nurture communication within the field, and promote further research by encouraging the critical discussion of all aspects of this important medieval Islamic polity. The journal includes both articles and reviews of recent books. Submissions of original work on any aspect of the field are welcome, although the editorial board will periodically issue volumes devoted to specific topics and themes.Mamlūk Studies Review also solicits edited texts and translations of shorter Arabic source materials (waqf deeds, letters,fatawa and the like), and encourages discussions of Mamluk era artifacts (pottery, coins, etc.) that place these resources in wider contexts. An article or book review in Mamlūk Studies Review makes its author a contributor to the scholarly literature and should add to a constructive dialogue. Questions regarding style should be resolved through reference to the MSR Editorial and Style Guide (http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html) and The Chicago Manual of Style. Transliterated Middle Eastern languages should conform to the system utilized by the Library of Congress (see the conversion chart near the end of this volume). The Style Guide covers Unicode fonts and diacritical marks, specifications for photos, maps and other graphics, text formatting, and other matters. Please read it carefully. Articles which diverge widely from the guidelines may not be accepted, and graphics which do not meet the requirements may not be usable. Submissions may be made by emailing the editor at the address below. Please contact the editor with questions about format, graphics or other matters before sending the article. OPEN ACCESS Mamlūk Studies Review is an Open Access publication. We believe that free and open access to scholarship benefits everyone. Open Access means that users, whether individual readers or institutions, are able to access articles and other content in Mamlūk Studies Review at no charge. All content published in Mamlūk Studies Review will be immediately and permanently free for anyone to use. Content in Mamlūk Studies Review is copyrighted by its authors and published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY), which explicitly grants anyone permission to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, use, or link to the work, as long as users properly cite the author(s) and Mamlūk Studies Review. Please contact the editor regarding uses which may fall outside of this description. For more information, please see http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html. CONTACT All communications should be sent to: The Editor,Mamlūk Studies Review, 5828 South University Avenue, 201 Pick Hall, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. The editor can be contacted by email at msaleh@ uchicago.edu. The logo that appears on the cover and title page was created by John E. Woods. Readers of Mamlūk Studies Review are encouraged to visit MEDOC’s websites, including http://guides.lib.uchicago.edu/mideast and http://mamluk.uchicago.edu. These sites provide links to back issues of this journal, The Chicago Online Bibliography of Mamluk Studies (a fully searchable database of thousands of primary and secondary sources), and other Mamluk Studies resources created and maintained by MEDOC. The site also has information about subscribing to the Mamluk listserv, an open forum for discussing all aspects of the history and culture of the Mamluk Sultanate. The Editors of Mamlūk Studies Review encourage readers to use the listserv to comment upon and discuss issues raised in the journal.. This work is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY). Mamlūk Studies Review is an Open Access journal. See http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html for more information. MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW PUBLISHED BY THE MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER (MEDOC) THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO Mamlūk Studies Review is an annual refereed journal devoted to the study of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria (648–922/1250–1517). Since volume XIII, no. 1, Mamlūk Studies Review has been published not in conventional print format, but as an open-access online publication. The goals of Mamlūk Studies Review are to take stock of scholarship devoted to the Mamluk era, nurture communication within the field, and promote further research by encouraging the critical discussion of all aspects of this important medieval Islamic polity. The journal includes both articles and reviews of recent books. Submissions of original work on any aspect of the field are welcome, although the editorial board will periodically issue volumes devoted to specific topics and themes.Mamlūk Studies Review also solicits edited texts and translations of shorter Arabic source materials (waqf deeds, letters, fatāwá and the like), and encourages discussions of Mamluk era artifacts (pottery, coins, etc.) that place these resources in wider contexts. All questions regarding style should be resolved through reference to The Chicago Manual of Style. Transliterated Middle Eastern languages should conform to the system utilized by the Library of Congress (see the conversion chart near the end of this volume) using a Unicode font that contains all necessary diacritical marks (see the website below for further information). Submissions may be made via email, but authors may be required to send a printed copy and/or a CD-ROM which includes the article, all figures and illustrations, and any special fonts used. Please contact the editor (ideally before creating the files) for specifications relevant to illustrations, photos, maps and other graphics. Articles which diverge widely from format and style guidelines may not be accepted, and illustrations which do not meet the requirements set forth by the editors may not be usable. Readers of Mamlūk Studies Review are encouraged to visit MEDOC’s websites, including http://guides.lib.uchicago.edu/mideast and http://mamluk.uchicago.edu. These sites provide links to back issues of this journal, The Chicago Online Bibliography of Mamluk Studies, a fully searchable database of thousands of primary and secondary sources, The Chicago Online Encyclopedia of Mamluk Studies, and other Mamluk Studies resources created and maintained by MEDOC. The Mamlūk Studies Review page provides authors with editorial and style guidelines, instructions for creating and submitting illustrations, and information on using Unicode fonts for composition. The site also has information about subscribing to the Mamluk listserv, an open forum for discussing all aspects of the history and culture of the Mamluk Sultanate. The Editors of Mamlūk Studies Review encourage readers to use the listserv to comment upon and discuss issues raised in the Review. E-ISSN 1947-2404 Copyright © 2011 Middle East Documentation Center, The University of Chicago. Some rights reserved. Content in Mamlūk Studies Review may be downloaded, reproduced, and distributed for non-commercial personal and scholarly use, provided that Mamlūk Studies Review is always properly cited as the original source, and that the work is not altered or transformed in any way. Please contact the editor regarding uses which may fall outside of this description. The logo that appears on the cover and title page was created by John E. Woods. All communications should be sent to: The Editor, Mamlūk Studies Review, 5828 South University Avenue, 201 Pick Hall, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. The editor can be contacted by email at [email protected]. MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW Editor MARLIS J. SALEH, The University of Chicago Associate Editor FRÉDÉRIC BAUDEN, University of Liège Editorial Board REUVEN AMITAI, Hebrew University of Jerusalem DORIS BEHRENS-ABOUSEIF, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London VANESSA DE GIFIS, Wayne State University LI GUO, University of Notre Dame TH. EMIL HOMERIN, University of Rochester R. STEPHEN HUMPHREYS, University of California, Santa Barbara DAISUKE IGARASHI, University of Tokyo DONALD P. LITTLE, McGill University JOHN L. MELOY, American University of Beirut CARL F. PETRY, Northwestern University WARREN C. SCHULTZ, DePaul University BETHANY J. WALKER, Missouri State University PATRICK WING, Ghent University JOHN E. WOODS, The University of Chicago Founder and Editor Emeritus BRUCE D. CRAIG, The University of Chicago Production OLAF G. NELSON, The University of Chicago The Bruce D. Craig Prize for Mamluk Studies The Bruce D. Craig Prize, carrying a cash award of $1,000, is given annually by Mamlūk Studies Review for the best dissertation on a topic related to the Mamluk Sultanate submitted to an American or Canadian university during the preceding calendar year. In the event no dissertations are submitted, or none is deemed to merit the prize, no prize will be awarded. To be considered for the 2011 Prize, dissertations must be defended by December 31, 2011, and submitted to the Prize Committee by January 31, 2012. Submissions should be sent to: Chair, Prize Committee Mamlūk Studies Review The University of Chicago Pick Hall 201 5828 S. University Avenue Chicago, IL 60637 Previous Prize Winners: 2004: Tamer el-Leithy, Princeton University, “Coptic Culture and Conversion in Medieval Cairo: 1293-1524.” 2005: Zayde G. Antrim, Harvard University, “Place and Belonging in Medieval Syria, 6th/12th to 8th/14th Centuries.” 2006: Nahyan A. G. Fancy, University of Notre Dame, “Pulmonary Transit and Bodily Resurrection: The Interaction of Medicine, Philosophy and Religion in the Works of Ibn al-Nafīs (d.
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