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Ayn Rand: the Russian Radical - a Work in Progress Chris Iliciithe~~Scinbarru

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Ayn Rand: the Russian Radical - a Work in Progress Chris Iliciithe~~Scinbarru A Jouvnrtl of in terdisciplintrrj~Novrnn five Stucces Nietzschc: The Myth and Its h~lcthod fied Seddot? .............................................................................................I Reply to Critics: Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical - A Work in Progress Chris iliciithe~~Scinbarru.. ..................................................................... 25 Land and I-lurnar, Endowments Dumon J. Gross ......................................................................................39 Introduction Robert h4. So&, IW. D............................................................................ .58 A Feminist 11:icrpretati~nof'Engclhardl's Bioctl?ics: More a Moral Friend Than a Mora! Stranger Rosenrarie Tgng ......................................................................................60 Concepts of Heaith and Disease: Comments on Cl~apter5 of Engelhardt's The ,Foundations of Rioethics, 2nd Edition James G. Lennox ....................................................................................75 The Moral Foundations of Health Services Reform Robert hi Sude,ikB. D................................................................. r.. ........ .85 Engelhardt's Foundations Torn Beauchamp.................................................................................. .96 The Foundations of Bioethics: Liberty and Life with Moral Diversity ,F-i. TTlstram Engelhardt, Jr. .................................................................. 1 0 1 Discussion ...............................................................................................i 09 Cod Jan Nanwson ........................................................................................109 Answer to Professor Narveson's 'God' Fr. Roberf A. Sirtcs ..............................................................................120 Narveson's Liberation Epistemology Ahrk Tziriano .......................................................................................124 Pluralism about Truth: Crispin Wright's 'Fruth and Obnjectivity Kevin Kenrzedy ...................................................................................... 130 Strange New World: Gottlieb FIo~~c!Iu~z'sSwedenborg and Kant (and six other books on Manl) Gregor-y 8. Johnson ..............................................................................140 Editor: Tibor R. Machan Managing Editor: Mark Turiano Executive Editor: Gregory R. Johnson Guest Editor: Kelly Dean Jolly Assistant Editor: David Dyas Associate Editors: Walter BlocklEconomics Douglas J. DenlPhilosophy Kelly Dean JolleylPhilosophy Leonard LiggiolHistory Eric MacWPhilosophy John D. McCallielEconomics H. Joachim Maitrellnternational Relations Ralph RaicolHistoly Lynn ScarlettlPolitical Science Advisory Board: D. T. ArmentanolUniversity of Hartford Yale BrozedUniversity of Chicago Nicholas CapaldilUniversity of Tulsa R. L. CunninghamlUniversity of San Francisco John Hospersl University of Southern California Isreal M. KirznerlNew York University Kenneth G. LuceylSUNY College, Fredonia Fred D. Miller, Jr.lBowling Green State University Herbert MorrislUniversity of California, Los Angeles Clifton PerrylAubm University Paul Craig RobertslGeorgelown University Morton L. SchagrinlSUNYCollege, Fredonia Thomas S. SzaszL!i'WY Medical Center, Syracuse Copyright 1997 O Patrington Press, Enholmes Hall, Patrington, North Humberside, England HU 12 OPR. Telephone 0 1964 630033 Reason Papers- A Journal of Interdisciplinary Normative Studies Articles Nietzsche: The Myth and Its method Fred Seddon Reply to Critics: Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical - A Work in Progress Chris Matthew Sciabarra Land and Human Endowments Damon J Gross Symposium on Bioethics Introduction Robert M Sade, M.D. A Feminist Interpretation of Engelhardt's Bioethics: More a Moral Friend Than a Moral Stranger Rosemarie Tong Concepts of Health and Disease: Comments on Chapter 5 of Engelhardt's The Foundations of Bioethics, 2nd Edition James G. Lennox The Moral Foundations of Health Services Reform Robert M Sade, M.D. Engelhardt's Foundations Tom Beauchamp The Foundations of Bioethics: Liberty and Life with Moral Diversity H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. Discussion God Jan Naweson Answer to Professor Narveson's 'God' Fr. Robert A. Sirico Narveson's Liberation Epistemology Mark Turiano Book Section Review Essays Pluralism about Truth: Crispin Wright's Truth and Objectivity Kevin Kennedy Strange New World: Gottlieb Florschutz's Swedenborg and Kant (and six other books on Kant) Gregory R Johnson 140 Reviews 144 Fred D. Miller, Jr.'s Nature, ~usticeand Rights in Aristotle 's Politics Randell R Curran 144 Philip Mirowski's Natural Images in Economic Thought: Market's Read in Tooth and Claw John C. Moorhouse Susan Hack's Evidence and Inquiry: Towards Reconstruction in Epistemology Wallace Matson Ian Watt's Myth's of Modem Individualism: Faust, Don Quixote, Don Juan, Robinson Cmoe Stephen Cox James VI and I: Political Writings, Johann P. Sommerville, ed. Thomas J. Radclzfle The Cambridge Companion to Spinoza, Don Garrett, ed. Mark T. Conard Margaret Moore's Foundations of Liberalism Eyal Mozes James T. Cushing's Quantum Mechanics: Historical Contingency and the Copenhagen Hegemony Laurence I. Gould Lenn Goodman's God of Abraham Eyal Mozes Edward Keynes' Liberty, Prosperity, and Privacy: Toward a Jurisprudence of Substantive Due Process Howard Hood Reason Papers Articles Nietzsche: The Myth and Its Method Fred Seddon As the number of Objectivist oriented academic philosophers continues to increase, the lenses under which the philosophy will be examined will undoubtedly grow more powerful. Likewise, Objectivist scholarship will become rigorously more intensive; forgoing the entertaining broadside for the well documented and exacting examination. As examples of this development, witness David Kelley's ate Evidence of the Senses and Allan Gotthelf s and James Lennox's anthology Philosophical Issues in Aristotle's Biology, to name but two recent efforts. I wish I could include John Ridpath's article "Nietzsche and Individualism," printed in Vol. 7, ##1 and 2 of the now defunct The Objectivist Forum, as another instance of this trend, but alas, I cannot. The reasons for my reservations constitute the body of this essay. What follows is divided into three parts: (1) a recapitulation of Ridpath's exposition of Nietzsche's philosophy along with a running commentary suggesting alternative interpretations, (2) a short catalogue of Ridpath's errors of scholarship, and (3) a short list of reasons for devoting time to the study of Nietzsche's thought. Exposition Why did Ridpath choose to author an article on Nietzsche? It was, Ridpath tells us, in an effort to ascertain whether Nietzsche is on the side of individualism. The purpose of this article is to examine Nietzsche's philosophy in order to ascertain which side Nietzsche is really on. Based on a study of the complete corpus of Nietzsche's works, this article will present Nietzsche's general philosophical outlook and then use this as the context for understanding his social views, and for judging whether or not he is a defender of individualism. (I,9. All quotations from Ridpath will be given in part-page format, i.e. 1,9 means part I, page 9.) Before commencing the actual examination of the entire Nietzschean corpus, Ridpath asks "What is individualism?" We obviously cannot know whether Nietasche is on the side of individualism until and unless we know what is meant by that term. After a short historical survey of the term, Ridpath exposes its deeper philosophical meaning. Individualism has other, deeper, philosophical roots. The crux of individualism is free will. Acknowledging the presence of free will in each man knocks the metaphysical props out from under any claim that the individual is merely subordinate to, or is a fragment of, some higher collective entity. The accep tance of free will is the basis for seeing the individual as a sovereign, inde- pendent being. This, in turn, is the first step in the defense of rationality, egoism, and an individualist society. (I, 10) 2 Reason Papers Ridpath concludes his preliminary exposition by claiming that the question of Nietzsche's individualism rests on two issues: Does he advocate individual rights and more impor- tantly "does he advocate the philosophical fundamentals that can provide a grounding for individualism?" (I, 10) By "philosophical fundamentals" Ridpath means metaphysics (especially the meta- physics of man) and epistemology. And it is to these areas that he turns to next. But before he details Nietzsche's views on these matters, he finds it "fruitfbl" to start with a short description of Nietzsche's view of his own age, an age of nihilism in the face of the death of God. By "death of God" Nietzsche meant, not the actual death of an actual God, the God of Christianity, but rather the fact that "the Christian values and world-outlook that had formed the heart of European culture had lost the allegiance of men, and the culture, adrift without a framework, was threatened with impending collapse into despair, nihilism, madness, and doom." (1,lO) To take the place of Christ and Christianity, Nietzsche proposed the figure of Zarathurstra, the "anti-Christ and anti-nihilist, this victor over God and nothingness." (I,11) Zarathustra will teach mankind how to rise up off of their knees and consecrate the earth as the highest reverence, to realize the hero in one's soul, to reject altruism and the welfare state and mysticism in all of its forms. For those having dificulty
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