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Libro De Lima .Indd LIMA 1 2 B PROGRAMA DE GOBIERNO REGIONAL DE LIMA METROPOLITANA PROYECTO FORTALECIMIENTO DE LA IDENTIDAD CULTURAL DE LIMA METROPOLITANA 1 PATRIMONIO CULTURAL DE LA HUMANIDAD 2 LIMAPATRIMONIO CULTURAL DE LA HUMANIDAD 3 4 5 6 7 Salón de Recepciones - Palacio Municipal de Lima / Reception Hall - Municipal Palace of Lima Interior - Palacio Municipal de Lima, página 6 - 7 / Interior - Municipal Palace of Lima, page 6 - 7 Frontis del Palacio Municipal de Lima, página 4 - 5 / Façade of the Municipal Palace of Lima, page 4 - 5 8 9 10 ÍNDICE / TABLE OF CONTENTS PRESENTACIÓN / INTRODUCTION 13 PRÓLOGO / PROLOGUE 15 ATRACTIVOS TURÍSTICOS / TOURIST ATTRACTIONS 19 IGLESIAS Y CONVENTOS / CHURCHES AND MONASTERIES 81 CASAS SEÑORIALES / THE NOBLE HOUSES 105 MUSEOS / MUSEUMS 131 CENTROS ARQUEOLÓGICOS PREHISPÁNICOS 163 PRE-HISPANIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES DISTRITOS TURÍSTICOS / TOURIST DISTRICTS 179 LIMA GASTRONÓMICA / CULINARY LIMA 219 CONSEJO EDITORIAL / EDITORIAL STAFF 227 AGRADECIMIENTOS / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 229 11 12 PRESENTACIÓN PRESENTATION Lima, considerada por la Unesco como Lima, a city that is listed as a Cultural Heritage Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad des- of Humanity by UNESCO since 1991, is now on de 1991, se muestra de puertas al futuro con the threshold of the future, accompanied by its su tradición y mirada firme en el horizonte. rich traditions with its gaze firmly fixed on the Convertida en una gran ciudad cosmopolita a horizon. This book offers insights into some orillas del Pacífico, presenta en este libro lo me- of the most exciting tourist attractions of what jor de sus atractivos turísticos. has become a cosmopolitan city, on the shores of the great Pacific. La otrora Ciudad de los Reyes alberga una riqueza cultural de infinitos contrastes desde Once known as the City of Kings, Lima is home sus testimonios arqueológicos hasta los to a cultural wealth of infinite contrasts, from más modernos proyectos arquitectónicos y its archaeological windows into the past to urbanísticos que la han convertido nuevamente the most modern of architectural and urban en la novia de América… sus playas, sus paisajes, development projects, which have made it sus monumentos, su embrujo incomparable, su again the darling of the Americas… its religiosidad, su extraordinaria gastronomía se beaches, landscapes, monuments, incomparable ponen al servicio de la sociedad contemporánea enchantment, religiosity, and extraordinary para recibir a propios y extraños. cuisine guarantee a warm welcome and endless fascination to both locals and tourists alike. Lima comparte en este libro su historia, su patrimonio, sus recursos, su cultura, su In this book, Lima shares its history, its gente y sobre todo su amable clima que la hace heritage, its resources, its culture and visitable todo el año. peopleand, above all, its beautiful climate that makes it an ideal destination at any time of En esta ciudad tan llena de historia se the year. desarrolla una metrópoli contrastada, suma de naciones, poblada de nuevos limeños que This city so full of history has become a sienten un gran amor por su ciudad, por metropolis of contrasts, a melting pot of sus contenidos históricos, paisajísticos y nations populated by new inhabitants with culturales. a deep love of their city, its historic sites, landscapes and culture. Visitarla es reencontrarse con su historia, con su pasado, con sus sueños, sus poetas, sus To visit it is to experience its history, its past, its cantores, sus pensadores, su gente que la hace poets, singers, thinkers and people that make inigualable e incomparable. it so unlike any other place on the planet, so truly incomparable. Estos atractivos turísticos son algunos ejemplos de los testimonios que podemos These tourist attractions are only some of visitar, que deseamos conservar y compartir the examples that can be visited of the many con las generaciones futuras y con nuestros testimonies to Lima’s greatness, sites that we visitantes para hacer de Lima la más moderna y strive to preserve for and share with future tradicional de América. generations, as well as our visitors, in an effort to make Lima the most modern and yet traditional city in the Americas. Luis Castañeda LOSSIO Luis Castañeda LOSSIO Alcalde de Lima Mayor of Lima 13 14 PRÓLOGO PROLOGUE Lima, cruce de caminos y punto de encuentro; Lima is a crossroads and meeting point –ancient, milenaria, ancestral, prehispánica, virreinal, ancestral, pre-Hispanic, viceroyal, republican republicana y moderna; siempre hospitalaria y and modern– but always inviting and cosmopolitan, cosmopolita. Territorio estratégicamente situado a territory strategically located on the shores of a orillas del Océano Pacífico y al borde de las the Pacific Ocean, in the foothills of the Andes. estribaciones de los Andes. Four centuries before the birth of Christ, Cuatrocientos años antes de nuestra era, el pueblo the Maranga people tamed the sand and de Maranga domesticó arena y canalizó los ríos channeled the rivers and other sources of fresh y demás fuentes de agua dulce para hacer water in their quest to help the numerous florecer y fructificar numerosas especies que species that have served as food ever since to sirvieron y aún sirven de alimento. Taulichusco, flourish and bear fruit. Taulichusco, the last el último curaca de Lima, vio llegar las huestes chieftain of Lima, probably witnessed the del extremeño Francisco Pizarro que seguramente arrival of the army headed by Francisco Pizarro, contempló con asombro e interés, y por primera the conquistador from Extremadura, Spain, with vez para el mundo occidental, la misma luz surprise and curiosity. For the Western world, it filtrada que bañaría torres y espadañas barrocas, was the first sight of the filtered sunlight that y la naturaleza pródiga que permitía alimentar would later bathe Baroque towers and belfries, en su momento a unas 20,000 personas. and of nature’s bounty that would feed the 20,000 inhabitants of what would become Diego de Agüero trazaría la hoy denominada the city of Lima. Lima Cuadrada que, imponiendo una tradición romana y una larga experiencia fundadora de la Diego de Agüero would mark off what is now España de la reconquista, dio límite a manzanas known as the Square of Lima, imposing a donde los conquistadores asentaron la rica y Roman tradition and the vast experience próspera “Ciudad de Los Reyes”. El mestizaje accumulated by Spain during its Reconquista y los sincretismos brotaron del crisol que es to determine the boundaries of the city blocks Lima, india, negra y blanca, con inconfundibles where the conquistadors established the rich huellas moriscas que aún percibimos en su and prosperous City of Kings. A mixing of arquitectura y gastronomía. Lima nació grande races and syncretism sprang forth from the como capital del Virreinato del Perú, extenso melting pot that is Lima, indigenous, black territorio que abarcó buena parte del sur de and white, and with unmistakable Moorish América. Gobierno civil y eclesiástico, influences present to this very day in the city’s universidad, imprenta y colegios reales; pompa architecture and cuisine. Lima rose as the cortesana y lujo desbordante cubrieron de oro great capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru, a vast e incienso las calles, los retablos y las territory that extended over a good part of vestiduras de cristos y señores, de vírgenes y South America. damas de alta alcurnia. Civil and ecclesiastical government, a university, “Emporio de España en América”, la llamó printing presses and royal guilds, courtesan Felipe IV. Lima supo interpretar, de la mano pomp and overflowing luxury covered the de alarifes y maestros, de artesanos de todos streets, altars and vestments of Christ figures los gremios, los fervores de la Contrarreforma and lords, virgins and ladies of noble birth y los anhelos de esplendor de sus gobernantes. with gold and incense. King Philip IV dubbed Palacios, casonas, plazas y alamedas; conventos, it “Spain’s Outpost in the Americas.” At the hospitales, iglesias y capillas bordan aún el hands of experts, masters and artisans of all cielo limeño con un conjunto excepcional guilds, Lima gave its own twist to the fervors de torres y balcones, espadañas y celosías. of the Counter-Reformation and the longing for Lima, siempre pródiga y hospitalaria, también splendor of its governors. 15 acogió las ideas de los ilustrados y librepensa- Palaces, mansions, plazas and tree-lined avenues, dores. San Martín y Bolívar, junto a valerosos monasteries, convents, hospitals, churches limeños y peruanos, buscaron los espacios and chapels still dot the Lima skyline with an democráticos de la vida republicana en la que exceptional series of towers and balconies, Lima tuvo y tiene un lugar irremplazable. belfries and latticework. Lima, always generous and hospitable, also welcomed enlightened La expansión urbana, los nuevos aires, van and freethinking ideas. San Martín and Bolívar, dotando a la ciudad de un conjunto de elemen- along with the brave citizens of Lima and the tos y equipamientos nunca antes vistos; expo- whole of Peru, sought out the democratic siciones y conmemoraciones dejan importan- spaces of republican life in which Lima played tísimos edificios y espacios abiertos de gran and continues to play an irreplaceable role. calidad urbana que aún hoy son el deleite de lugareños y foráneos. Esa mezcla armoniosa Urban expansion, new ideas and the desires of de tradición y modernidad, de pequeña aldea y a cosmopolitan and educated elite provided the gran ciudad, de una población campesina
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