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Lx1/Rtetcanjviuseum
lx1/rtetcanJViuseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 1707 FEBRUARY 1 9, 1955 Notes on the Birds of Northern Melanesia. 31 Passeres BY ERNST MAYR The present paper continues the revisions of birds from northern Melanesia and is devoted to the Order Passeres. The literature on the birds of this area is excessively scattered, and one of the functions of this review paper is to provide bibliographic references to recent litera- ture of the various species, in order to make it more readily available to new students. Another object of this paper, as of the previous install- ments of this series, is to indicate intraspecific trends of geographic varia- tion in the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands and to state for each species from where it colonized northern Melanesia. Such in- formation is recorded in preparation of an eventual zoogeographic and evolutionary analysis of the bird fauna of the area. For those who are interested in specific islands, the following re- gional bibliography (covering only the more recent literature) may be of interest: BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO Reichenow, 1899, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 1, pp. 1-106; Meyer, 1936, Die Vogel des Bismarckarchipel, Vunapope, New Britain, 55 pp. ADMIRALTY ISLANDS: Rothschild and Hartert, 1914, Novitates Zool., vol. 21, pp. 281-298; Ripley, 1947, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, pp. 98-102. ST. MATTHIAS: Hartert, 1924, Novitates Zool., vol. 31, pp. 261-278. RoOK ISLAND: Rothschild and Hartert, 1914, Novitates Zool., vol. 21, pp. 207- 218. -
Matrilineal Kinship at Sea in Bougainville, PNG
HUMANIORA VOLUME 30 Number 3 October 2018 Page 223–236 Matrilineal Kinship at Sea in Bougainville, PNG Katharina Schneider Independent Researcher E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper explores matrilineal kinship in the Buka area, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, from the perspective of saltwater people on Pororan Island. In Bougainville and elsewhere in Melanesia, anthropological research has highlighted the importance of joint work in the gardens, of sharing and exchanging garden food, and of negotiations of access to land for kinship and relatedness in the region. Where does this leave saltwater people, who often have only small areas of land of their own, take little interest in gardening and depend on traded sweet potatoes or imported rice for meeting their subsistence needs? In the first part of this paper, I discuss the “landed” bias in anthropological research on kinship, including matrilineal kinship. I then suggest complementary descriptive and analytic terms that may be useful for researchers who want to understand kin relations among saltwater people, based on my experiences among Pororan Islanders in Bougainville. Finally, I indicate the theoretical contribution that these terms can make to research on kinship in landed settings, as well. Keywords: matrilineal kinship; saltwater people; maritime anthropology; Bougainville; Papua New Guinea INTRODUCTION The topic of this paper is matrilineal kinship among 05. The Buka area includes Buka Island, locally Pororan Islanders in Bougainville, PNG, and its called -
International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation
\\server05\productn\H\HLI\50-2\HLI204.txt unknown Seq: 1 25-JUN-09 7:36 VOLUME 50, NUMBER 2, SUMMER 2009 International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation Michael D. Ramsey* This Article assesses efforts in U.S. courts, principally under the federal Alien Tort Statute, to hold foreign investors indirectly liable for human rights violations committed by the governments of countries in which they do business. Such claims, though intended as remedies for international law violations, create substantial tensions with international law in two respects. First, to the extent they purport to regulate the non-U.S. activities of non-U.S. entities, they may conflict with international law principles of prescriptive jurisdiction, which limit a nation’s ability to regulate the extraterritorial activities of non-nationals. Although an exception for universal jurisdiction allows nations to punish a few especially heinous interna- tional crimes without regard to territory or citizenship, it seems difficult to establish universal jurisdiction for most indirect investor liability claims, and in any event U.S. courts appear to have lost sight of this limitation. Second, investor liability suits may misconceive the source of customary international law principles. Because customary international law arises from the actual practices of nations followed out of a sense of legal obligation, its content cannot be derived from analogies to nations’ practices in areas that are factually and normatively distinct. The only reliable evidence of nations’ practices is what nations actually have done with respect to investor liability, and there is no consistent practice of imposing indirect liability on investors for host government abuses. -
Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, Constituting the First Record of the Subgenus Batrachylodes from Outside of the Solomon Archipelago
Zootaxa 4370 (1): 023–044 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:949E6268-A4B7-4528-859C-482E1F3652D9 A new miniature Melanesian Forest Frog (Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, constituting the first record of the subgenus Batrachylodes from outside of the Solomon Archipelago SCOTT L. TRAVERS1, STEPHEN J. RICHARDS2, TAYLOR S. BROADHEAD1,3 & RAFE M. BROWN1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Law- rence, KS 66045-7561, USA. E-mail: SLT: [email protected]; RMB: [email protected] 2Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Current address: Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 203 South Martin Jischke Dr, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1971, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We describe a new species of Cornufer, subgenus Batrachylodes, from high-elevation forests of New Britain Island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Eastern Melanesia. The new species, Cornufer exedrus sp. nov., is a biogeographically disjunct member of the Batrachylodes clade, representing the first record of the subgenus from outside of the Solomon Archipel- ago. The new species is a small terrestrial form from dense, closed-canopy forests above 1500 meters elevation in the Na- kanai Mountains of eastern New Britain. It differs from its closest relatives, the other members of the subgenus Batrachylodes, on the basis of its minute body size, degree of digital disc expansion, reduced subdigital tuberculation, color pattern, and other traits related to its small size. -
Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Working Paper No. 6 MILNE BAY PROVINCE TEXT SUMMARIES, MAPS, CODE LISTS AND VILLAGE IDENTIFICATION R.L. Hide, R.M. Bourke, B.J. Allen, T. Betitis, D. Fritsch, R. Grau, L. Kurika, E. Lowes, D.K. Mitchell, S.S. Rangai, M. Sakiasi, G. Sem and B. Suma Department of Human Geography, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia REVISED and REPRINTED 2002 Correct Citation: Hide, R.L., Bourke, R.M., Allen, B.J., Betitis, T., Fritsch, D., Grau, R., Kurika, L., Lowes, E., Mitchell, D.K., Rangai, S.S., Sakiasi, M., Sem, G. and Suma,B. (2002). Milne Bay Province: Text Summaries, Maps, Code Lists and Village Identification. Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No. 6. Land Management Group, Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra. Revised edition. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry: Milne Bay Province: text summaries, maps, code lists and village identification. Rev. ed. ISBN 0 9579381 6 0 1. Agricultural systems – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 2. Agricultural geography – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 3. Agricultural mapping – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. I. Hide, Robin Lamond. II. Australian National University. Land Management Group. (Series: Agricultural systems of Papua New Guinea working paper; no. 6). 630.99541 Cover Photograph: The late Gore Gabriel clearing undergrowth from a pandanus nut grove in the Sinasina area, Simbu Province (R.L. -
Black, White & Gold
1 A Meeting north Queensland miners and Sudest Islanders By the end of 1888 nearly 400 Australian miners had pitched tents on the beach near Griffin Point, at the Four Mile and Nine Mile camps, and by claims scattered along the gullies of Sudest, the biggest island in the Louisiade Archipelago. The miners talked of Sullivan and his party who had taken 200 ounces in fourteen days from the west of the island, the seven men who arrived on the Zephyr and won 50 ounces in three days, and the diggers who turned up 300 ounces in one shallow gully. It was, they said, ‘good looking gold’ likely to ‘go very nearly £4 per ounce’. But when men began returning to north Queensland early in 1889 none took fortunes with them. The Mercury carried twenty-three men who told the Cooktown customs they had 150 ounces; the Lucy and Adelaide brought twenty men and 240 ounces; the Griffin, twenty-three men and 241 ounces. A few men had made more than wages, but most who followed the rumours of rich gullies further on arrived to find that all the easy gold had been taken. They could re-work the creek beds or open up the terraces for a few pennyweight a day, or they could ‘loaf on camps’ hoping a rich strike would be made before their stores ran out. The talk on Cooktown wharf was that Sudest was for ‘gully-rakers’ and ‘tucker men’, those prepared to scratch a bare living; but of course you could never be sure. -
Material Culture of Papua New Guinea
Introduction to Pacific Review of Pacific Collections Collections: Material Culture in Scottish Museums of Papua New Guinea Produced as part of Pacific Collections in Scottish Museums: Unlocking their knowledge and potential project 2013-2014. For full information and resources visit www.nms.ac.uk/pacific The following summary provides an overview of material you are likely to come across in Scottish collections. These are written according to island region. Papua New Guinea The island of New Guinea is the second largest on earth after Greenland. The nation of Papua New Guinea, which is culturally part of Melanesia, occupies the eastern half of New Guinea along with a number of island groups including New Britain, New Ireland and Bougainville, which is geographically part of the Solomon Islands chain. The western half of New Guinea is known as West Papua and is a province of Indonesia. There are very few items from West Papua in Scottish collections. Archaeological evidence shows that human habitation of New Guinea began around 45,000 years ago with people moving east from Indonesia. Today Papua New Guinea includes the following provinces: Central; Simbu (Chimbu); Eastern Highlands; East New Britain; East Sepik; Enga; Gulf; Madang; Manus; Milne Bay; Morobe; New Ireland; Oro (Northern); Autonomous Region of Bougainville; Southern Highlands; Western (Fly); Western Highlands; West New Britain; Sandaun (West Sepik); National Capital District; Hela; and Jiwaka. The first Europeans to visit were Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the 16th century. Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez named the whole island New Guinea in 1545. It wasn’t until the 19th century that Europeans began to properly explore the area with surveys such as those of HMS Basilisk around 1873-4. -
PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea
Environmental Assessment and Review Framework September 2015 PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea This environmental assessment and review framework is a document of the borrower/recipient. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project information, including draft and final documents, will be made available for public review and comment as per ADB Public Communications Policy 2011. The environmental assessment and review framework will be uploaded to ADB website and will be disclosed locally. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. ii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 A. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................... -
Kaileuna Is. Bird Checklist Trobriand Group, P.N.G
Kaileuna Is. Bird Checklist Trobriand Group, P.N.G. 8 32 00s 150 57 00e Compiled by M.K. Tarburton, Pacific Adventist University, PNG. [To communicate please re-type above address into your e-mail program] # Common Name Scientific Name Ecol. Status Abundance References 1. White-tailed Tropicbird Phäethon lepturus Res P, 1 offshore Nov 1969. 5,7, 2. Great Frigatebird Fregata minor Vag P, P = 3-5% of Frigatebirds Aug 1976. 5,10, 3. Orange-footed Scrubfowl Megapodius reinwardt macgillivrayi Res bre MC 15,17, 4. Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio melanopterus Res bre C 15, 5. Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris Sum mig Prob only 1 rec. 11, 6. Claret-breasted Fruit-Dove Ptilinopus viridis vicinus Res bre P, 5,15, 7. Pied Imperial Pigeon Ducula bicolor spilorrhoa Res bre P, 15, 8. Nicobar Pigeon Caloenas n. nicobarica Res? 1 imm photographed, MC 9,15, 9. Eastern Black-capped Lory Lorius hypoinochrous devittatus Res bre P, 5,15, 10. Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Cacatua galerita Res bre Specs in AMNH 3, 11. Little Bronze-cuckoo Chrysococcyx minutillus poecilurus Win mig MC 15, 12. Marbled Frogmouth Podargus ocellatus intermedius Res bre P, 5,15,16, 13. Uniform Swiftlet Aerodramus vanikorensis tagulae Res bre 2 spec in AMNH, 4,5,15, 14. Sacred Kingfisher Todirhamphus sancta Win mig Retrap from Mudgee NSW 8, 15. Varied Triller Lalage leucomela trobriandi Res MC in rainforests, 5,13,15, 16. Black-faced Monarch Monarcha melanopsis Win mig MC in most forests and regrowth. 5,13, 17. Shining Flycatcher Myiagra alecto lucidus Res bre UC-C in Lowland Swamp forest, littoral & riparian scrub 2,5,13,15, 7F are uniform with Sudest birds. -
Estimated Impact of Drought and Frost on Food Supply in Rural PNG in 2015
POLICY BRIEF 11 JANUARY 2016 Source: FAO Estimated impact of drought and frost on food supply in rural PNG in 2015 R.M. Bourke, Bryant Allen and Michael Lowe SUMMARY Since April 2015, much of rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) has been severely impacted by a severe drought and, at a number of very high altitude locations above 2200 m altitude, by repeated frosts. The El Niño drought has had a major impact on water supply in many parts of PNG, with negative impacts on school operations, women’s labour and villagers’ health. In many locations, subsistence food supply has been affected. This brief uses a wide variety of reports to assess the impact of the drought on food supply for rural villagers for the whole of PNG at the Local Level Government Area (LLGA) level. We have assembled over 200 reports, of which about 75% contained useable information on food supply. These have been generated from August to December 2015. Reports included a number of formal assessments done by the National Disaster Centre, some churches, NGOs and provincial authorities; detailed local assessments; semi-formal and casual communications; and press and social media reports. The methods used in the assessments differed to some degree. We assembled the reports in a database and allocated a five-point scale for food supply for each location. The Development Policy Centre is part of Crawford School of Public Policy at The Australian National University. We undertake analysis and promote discussion on Australian aid, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific and global development policy. In 27 of the 271 rural LLGAs, food supply from including potato. -
Multi-Year Satellite Observations of Sulfur Dioxide Gas Emissions and Lava Extrusion at Bagana Volcano, Papua New Guinea B.T
1 Multi-year satellite observations of sulfur dioxide gas emissions and lava extrusion at Bagana volcano, Papua New Guinea B.T. McCormick Kilbride 1;∗, K. Mulina 2, G. Wadge 3, R.W. Johnson 4, I. Itikarai 2, and M. Edmonds 1 1COMET, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 2Rabaul Volcanological Observatory, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea. 3COMET, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK. 4School of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. Correspondence*: Brendan T. McCormick Kilbride, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK [email protected] 2 ABSTRACT 3 Bagana, arguably the most active volcano in Papua New Guinea, has been in a state of 4 near-continuous eruption for over 150 years, with activity dominated by sluggish extrusion of 5 thick blocky lava flows. If current extrusion rates are representative, the entire edifice may have 6 been constructed in only 300-500 years. Bagana exhibits a remarkably high gas flux to the 7 atmosphere, with persistent sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions of several thousand tonnes per day. 8 This combination of apparent youth and high outgassing fluxes is considered unusual among 9 persistently active volcanoes worldwide. We have used satellite observations of SO2 emissions 10 and thermal infrared radiant flux to explore the coupling of lava extrusion and gas emission 11 at Bagana. The highest gas emissions (up to 10 kt/day) occur during co-extrusive intervals, 12 suggesting a degree of coupling between lava and gas, but gas emissions remain relatively high 13 (∼2500 t/d) during inter-eruptive pauses. -
Note on the People and Languages of New Ireland and Admiralty Islands Author(S): Sidney H
Note on the People and Languages of New Ireland and Admiralty Islands Author(s): Sidney H. Ray Source: The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 21 (1892), pp. 3-13 Published by: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2842201 . Accessed: 14/06/2014 03:30 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 195.34.78.242 on Sat, 14 Jun 2014 03:30:57 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions S. H. RAY.-The Peopleand Languagesof New Ireland. 3 Fromthe EDITOR.-Science. Nos. 413-417. AmericanAntiquarian. Vol. xiii. No. 1. Nature. Nos. 1107-1110. Revue Scientifique. Tomexlvii. Nos. 3-6. The Mlonist. Vol. i. No. 2. Physique. Vol. i. No. 1. - The Journalof Heredity. Vol. vi. No. 1. Mr. G. M. ATKINSONexhibited some sketches of horse orna ments,symbolic survivals. Mr. MARTINsuggested that the "fish" on horse ornaments coming from Delhi were probablythe arms of Ouidh-on the gates of Lucknowthe fish figureslargely-and this ornament wouldprobably prevail in Oudh,from whence it wouldbe conveyed to neighbouringcities.