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Technic Student Newspaper

Summer 6-1897 Volume 6 - Issue 9 - June, 1897 Rose Technic Staff Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

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This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Newspaper at Rose-Hulman Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technic by an authorized administrator of Rose-Hulman Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE ROSE TECHNIC. VOL. VI. Terre'Haute, Ind., June, 1897. No. 9.

THE TECHNIC. that we extend our most sincere thanks to both subscribers and contributors for their aid in mak- BOARD OF EDITORS: ing TIIE TECHNIC a possibility. We greatly ap- ' Editor in Chief. preciate the support we have received from the J. H. HALL. faculty, the alumni and the students, as well as Associate Editors. from those who have made use of our advertising J. J. MCLELLAN kssistant Editor J. J. KESSLER, JR. Alumni columns, and we hope that during the coming J. H. Ilimmito, JR. Athletics year THE TECHNIC will find in everyone the in- J. J. MCLELLAN terest and sympathy which has been manifested J. M. LANSDEN, JR. Local T. D. WITHERSPOON, JR. thus far. W. D. CRERS Exchange We now take pleasure in introducing the J. M. LANst)EN, Ju. Artist members of the new editorial staff who will take charge of the work next year, and we trust their J. T. MONTGOMERY Business Manager efforts may be accompanied by that encourage- H. C. SCHWABLE Assistant ment and assistance which has made our task the easier. From the fact that three of the present TERMS. board go out with the graduating class of '97, and One year, $1.00. Single Copies, 15 Cents. one other has resigned, the new board will contain Jutted Monthly at Rose Polytechnic Institute. almost a majority of new members when the list Entered at the Post Office, Terre Haute, Ind., as second-class mail matter. is completed. There still remain two vacancies

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. which will be filled at an election early next fall. hereafter we shall follow the general rule regarding subscriptions, The result of the election recently held is as fol- and shall continue sending THE. TECHNIC to subscribers until noti- fied to diseontinUe. . lows: A. C. EASTWOOD Editor-in-Chief T. D. WITIIERSPOON, JR. Assistant Editor ITH the closing of the Institute, the mis- W. D. CAERE' Alumni sion and duties of THE TECHNIC prac- H. B. STILE Athletics W T. D. WITHERSPOON. JR tically cease for a time. The members of the In- J. J. MCLELLAN Local stitute, tliose history makers of the day, have • • • E. CA',VERT Exchange turned homeward to enjoy rest or work of a new J. M. LANsmor, Jr Artist character, contenting themselves with relating the H. C. SCHWABLE ...... Business Manager Assistant incidents which in part constitute the history with here that Mr. Eastwood which they are concerned. It is unnecessary to say of filling in every way his posi- In putting upon file this the last number of is fully capable at least his literary volume six, it is with a certain amount of mingled tion as editor. To the students known, and from pleasure and regret that we lay down the work of and business abilities are well the very satisfactory way in which he conducted the just completed year. Pleasure in that we may prosperity of THE hereafter enjoy the pages of THE TECHNIC as com- the '98 Modulus work the future TECHNIC is assured. We wish him and his asso- ing from better and more efficient hands, regret success. in that we have not always made the best of op- ciates the greatest portunities, and have left undone a good many things that might have been done. Also a great HE TECHNIC again enjoys the opportunity of many things occur to mind that would have been T joining his many friends in extending con- better left unsaid. It is with the greatest pleasure gratulations to Col. Richard W. Thompson, pres- 228 THE ROSE TECHNIC. ident of the Board of Managers, on having safely If the class of '99 make such an effort, we wish passed another year of comparative good health them success in every way. and prosperity-. On the 9th inst. he celebrated his eighty-eighth anniversary by receiving his friends at his home in this city. Those who HROUGH the kindness of Dr. Gray we are were fortunate enough on the morning of com- T able to give the following report: mencement to hear his address to the young men The American Society of Mechanical Engi- who had just graduated, were able to see what neers held its spring meeting from May 25th great interest he takes in the success of the Insti- to 28th at Hartford, Conn., and was presided tute and of those who go out from it. As he pro- over by Mr. Worcester It. Warner of Cleveland, ceeded in his talk, his voice gradually assumed Ohio. There was a large attendance of members its old time ring, and the words he spoke together and the meeting proved highly successful. Hart- with the expression and emotion he put into ford contains several manufacturing establish- them proclaim him still the "old man eloquent." ments of world-wide reputation, and the invita- It is the wish of the TECHNIC that be may yet tion to visit these was very generally taken ad- enjoy many pleasant birthdays. vantage of by the visitors. Among these estab- lishments may be mentioned the Pope Manufac- turing Co.'s bicycle works, the Motor Carriage HE MODULUS, the annual issued by the Works, Hartford Rubber Works, the Pope Tube T the class of '98, is the greatest success in the Works; the Pratt & Whitney Machine Co.'s line of college annuals that has ever been Sent Works, the armory and works of the Colt Fire out. The book is a work of art throughout and Arms Co., the Billings & Spencer Drop Forging the men who were foremost in seeing it through Co., etc. Besides visits to these and other manu- deserve the greatest credit. As compared with facturing establishments, an excursion by boat the '96 Modulus it is not so much a literary pro- down the Connecticut River was provided by Mr. duction, but what literary work it contains is the John H. Hall, of the Colt Fire Arms Co., to the very best. As far as the illustrations are con- quarries at Portland, and retutning from there by cerned they are the finest collection that any col- train to visit among other things the power sta- lege annual has dared venture. It becomes at tion at New Britain of the New York, New Hav- times severe in the remarks concerning both fac- en & Hartford third rail electric road from New ulty and students, but they are always of such a Britain to Hartford, and to complete the trip by nature as to be harmless, and to cause no feeling a ride to Hartford on this road. As an illustra- of offense. Many are the scenes chronicled and tion of the speed attainable on this road, one of illustrated which bring to mind those remem- the excursion cars made the trip of ten miles in brances which are dear to every college man, and as many minutes. which would slip from him if not related as they A general reception was tendered the Society happened, and if not bound up between covers to by Trinity College and was a very enjoyable en- which he can often refer. The Modulus is a souvenir tertainment. of the school which may be appreciated almost as The programme of professional papers for the much by friends of the Institute as by the stu- meeting was as follows: dents themselves. That an annual is possible in JONES, FORIMST R.: Diagrams for Relative Strength of such an institution as Rose Polytechnic has been Gear Teeth. proven more than once, and although it has CnI.E, F. J.: Experiments in Boiler Bracing. WOOD, DE VOLSON : Adiabatics. come out not oftener than once in two years thus BEDELL, FRED'IC A.: New Form of Transmission Dyna- far, it is hoped that every Junior class may have mometer. the confidence in themselves to tackle the work, HALE, R. S.: Fuel Gas Analysis in Boiler Tests. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 229

BENJAMIN, CIIAS. H.: Electricity versus Shafting in the HENNING, Gus C.: A Mirror Extensimeter. Machine Shop. GRAY, THOMAS: The Effect of Alternate Positive and JACKSON, D. C.: Electrical Power Equipment for Gen- Negative Stresses in Iron and Steel. eral Factory Purposes. GRAY, THOMAS: The Yield Point in Iron and Steel. SCHUMANN, FRANCIS: VOILIIIIHRF Contraction Of Cast- JACOBUS, D. S.: An Apparatus for Accurately Measuring Iron. Pressures of Ten Thousand Pounds per Square Inch Ar.natcn, W. S.: On Rating Electrical Power Plants and over. upon the heat-Unit Standard. JACOBUS, D. S.: Tests to Show the Influence of Moisture RICE, A. L.: The Laws of Cylinder Condensation. in Steam on the Economy of a Steam Turbine. HILL, H. A.: Tests of Sulzer Engines. TOl'ICAL DISCUSSIONS. LANE, H. M.: Method of Accounting to Determine Shop Armstrong, Mack, Hutton, Hunt, Sweet, Henning. Cost and Selling Price. BARK, JoriN II.: Current Practice in Engine Proportions. A lecture-illustrated by lantern slides was de- GRAY, THOS.: A Continuous Steam Engine Indicator. livered before the Society by Dr. Waldo Leonard MANSFIELD, A. K.: The Best Load for Compound Steam on the History and Devopment of the Bicycle in Engine. of the growth of IIENNiNos, Gus C.: A Pocket Recorder for Tests of Ma- which many interesting features terials. this industry were brought out.

THESIS ABSTRACTS. AS READ BEFORE COMMENCEMENT.

STUDY OF THE FRICTION OF JOURNAL BEARINGS OF VARIOUS MATERIALS UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS.

HERMAN S. HEICHERT AND EDMUND FRANK. The purpose of machinery is to transform the plete loss and represents just so many dollars paid natural energies at our disposal into special forms out for which no return is obtained. of work. This conversion of energy may be ac- This energy lost by friction appears at the rub- complished by quite a number of methods but in bing surfaces in the form of heat and is radiated any ease during the transformation some of the directly into the air or transmitted to other parts energy is wasted, at least as far as the special form of the machine or near by objects from which it of energy required is concerned. A desire for the is finally given to the air. We can trace back most economical transformation of energy leads us this energy appearing here in the form of heat to enquire where and why these leaks occur and to from the machine to the engine then to the boil- devise some means of preventing them entirely ers and finally to the fuel used in the furnaces. or reducing them to a minimum. One of the Therefore a reduction in the total amount of fric- most common of these losses is that due to fric- tion in any machine reduces the heat radiated by tion, which is found in every machine from the that machine and consequently wasted, thus re- simplest to the most complex, and requiring ducing the quantity of fuel used and therefore power varying from almost nothing to fifty or the expense of operating the machine. In some sixty per cent. of the power supplied to the ma- cases, however, this loss of heat through friction chine supposing it to be working most advantage- is not to be reckoned a total loss since it helps to ously. In almost every ease this waste is a com- keep the air in the room occupied by the ma- 230 THE ROSE TECHNIC. chines and those who operate them at a comfort- and constituted the apparatus used in working able temperature. Other items to be considered up our thesis. are cost of oil for lubricating those parts of the The theory of the machine is quite simple. A machine where friction occurs and the deteriora- cylindrical shaft is made to rotate between two tion of the machine on account of excessive wear- bearings which just fit it. A huge pair of pinch- ing of the bearings. ers grips these bearings, pressing them tightly Early scientists were aware of the loss due to against the shaft: Now when the shaft is rota- friction and set about to discover some of the ting, friction between the journal and bearings laws pertaining to it and they ascertained that causes the bearings and pinchers to have a ten- the amount of friction varied almost directly as dency to rotate together with the shaft around one the pressure between the rubbing surfaces up to common axis, the center line of the shaft. a certain limit, also that the amount of friction The series of pressure levers is supported on two depends upon the condition of the surfaces in knife-edges in line with the center line of the shaft, contact and upon the materials composing the so that they offer no resistance to turning. This rubbing bodies. A verification of these few facts tendency to rotate is counterbalanced by suitable would require but a limited number of experi- weights hung on the ends of arms perpendicular ments, but the ascertaining of what combination to the direction of the shaft and its moment meas- of metals would be most economical to use under ured. This quantity, together with the known various conditions of speed and load would re- pressure on the journal, furnishes sufficient data quire quite a series of experiments upon a num- for the calculation of the coefficient of fric- ber of different metals. Lubrication was, of tion or the ratio between the tangential and course, known to affect the amount of friction, normal forces acting at any part of the rubbing and since the introduction of the numerous pro- surfaces. ducts of petroleum for this purpose, the number The number of metals and oils upon which of experiments required to determine conclusive- tests were made by us, was of necessity quite lim- ly the most economical combination of metals ited, since each was taken through quite a variety and oil to use in any particular case has been of,tests. However, we succeeded in verifying a multiplied indefinitely. With a solution of a few of the laws already established, and obtained few of these problems as an end in view the Gray results, which taken together with those which Journal Testing Machine was designed by Dr. will be obtained by the machine in the future, Gray, and constructed in the Polytechnic shops, may prove to be of some value.

DAMS: THEIR CONSTRUCTION AND FAILURE. J. DAVID INGLE, JR. As everybody knows fairly well what a dam is At first glance it might seem that to build a it would seem rather useless to attempt a defini- dam would be the simplest of all engineering tion of one, but we will try it to see how nearly feats, and as far as heaping up a pile of earth to our ideas may agree. hold back a millpond is concerned, there really is In the broadest sense a dam is any structure nothing of any especial difficulty about it if care that has been raised to store up water, or to raise is taken as to where the earth is placed and if the the level of water so that its sudden drop when it right kind of earth is used, properly spread out goes over the dam, may be utilized for power. and rammed down. If a few simple precautions THE ROSE TECHNIC. 231

like these are observed a very respectable mill as it flowed into the pond. Therefore it rose and dam should be the result, and yet more lives have began to pour over the top of the dam, more and been lost, and more property has been destroyed more, till it washed out the foot of the dam, which, through failure to observe these same precautions becoming thus weakened, gave way, and a torrent than probably through any other kind of careless- Of water tore down the valley toward Johnstown. ness and ignorance. Hundreds of lives were lost, all probably due to the As an example may be taken the terrible flood fault of the man who did not take care of the that overwhelmed Johnstown, Penn., in June escape way of the dam. Of course this was no 1889, when so many hundreds of people lost their fault of the man who originally built the dam, but lives, and such fearful disaster was wrought. that is a fair sample of the way a large percentage This all occurred through failure of one of these of dams fail, by having an inadequate escape way earth dams, built of clay and gravel, nothing else. for waste and flood water. High dams, built of This one was a very large dam, being 80 feet high stone or masonry, are very generally built so that and something like 800 feet long, but the con- the water may flow over the top. These dams struction was, and should have been, similar to are unusually massive in construction, and their that of a small mill dam. down stream side is curved in such a manner that It was well built, and really was perfectly cap- the water hasn't a sheer fall of the height of the able of standing much more than all the pressure dam but rather flows down the surface and drops than the reservoir full of water could possibly in a cushion of water instead of on the foundation have created. As long as the water did not rise of the dam. In fact, most dams that were built above the top of the dam, it was perfectly safe, for power, are built as overflow dams, so that the but the water rose higher than that and began to force of fall of the water may be utilized to the overflow. Now, a little reflection shows plainly fullest extent. A splendid example of this style that if water were allowed to fall from a height of dam, is one over the Colorado river at Austin, of 80 feet, and should strike clay and gravel, or Texas. It is 66 feet high and 1,275 feet long. anything of that kind, it would most certainly The dam furnishes about 14,600 H. P. to the city wash it out. It would have the same effect as and cost $465,000. would turning the fire hose on a bed of gravel The largest dam in the world is the Tama dam, and clay. Further reflection would show that at built for the Bombay water supply in India. It some time, when a great rainstorm came, this res- is built of masonry throughout and is 118 feet ervoir would fill clear to the brim, and would high. Its total length is 9,350 feet, almost two then overflow the top of the darn; then would come miles and it cost about $2,500,000. this fall of 80 feet, and the foot of the danm, com- The highest dam I found any record of is the posed of clay and gravel, would most certainly be New Croton dam near New York, it is 248 feet at washed out. The way to prevent this almost its highest point, and is 2,180 feet long. certain result is to have some other way of escape The materials of which dams are built, varies for the water, by cutting a trench or wasteway, widely; the surroundings, the proposed height, with its bottom about eight or ten feet lower than the material available in the neighDorhood, the the top of the dam, in some other part of the res- bank account of the projectors, the kind of foun- ervoir, so that the falling water should not wash dation that will have to be used; all these go to the lower side of the damn. determine the composition. In the case of the Johnstown dam this trench If there is a solid rock foundation that can be had been cut, and the water would have gone out used, then it is the proper thing to put in a ma- that way, but through some one's carelessness, the sonry dam, especially if it is a very high one. If wasteway had been obstructed by fish traps and this would cost too much, then a dam built of logs, etc., and the water could not get out as fast loose rock, and having some material on the water 232 THE ROSE TECHNIC. side that is water tight, would be the proper thing the pipe, this soon becomes a torrent becoming to build. The kind that never should be built on larger and larger and another dam failure is re- a rock foundation is an earth dam, and on the corded. other hand, a stone dam should never be built on These pipes are generally laid in the first place earth, or on any substance but solid rock. The for a water supply to some town,and are put near idea is to build the dam of the same material as the bottom of the dam so that they will never be the foundation, so that the joint at the founda- above water. The proper way to guard against tion shall be as near like the material as possible. this form of break is easily seen. The pipes But earth and stone are mot the only materials should not be put through the dam at all, all en- we can use. A great many dams are built of tim- gineers regard it as very poor practice. If they ber, and they are excellent dams. Most of them cannot be put anywhere else, however,they should are built of a framework of heavy timber, and be put through a tunnel of brick or masonry, and this framework is filled in everywhere with broken this tunnel should be very rough and jagged stone and loose rock. Dams built this way are around its outside so that that the water cannot only good as long as the timber remains good, creep along it. The only way to guard against when it rots a new dam must be built. Most of failure by water creeping through the foundation the small mill dams in running streams are built is to put in a wall of masonry or some impervious that way. Some of the most primitive dams for material and run this down into the valley till it this purpose were built by throwing a lot of brush strikes rock or something equally as good. Ma- and logs into a stream and piling sand against it, sonry dams generally fail from much the same the water gradually washes the sand into the troubles that earth dams, like other earthly things, cracks and crannies and it makes a very fair dam. seem heir to, but masonry damns also fail very Earth dams are usually built of the materials often from lack of good construction. Sometimes I mentioned before, that is, clay and gravel, sand they are not built thick enough, sometimes the is also added, and a proper mixture of the three mortar used is not good and sometimes somebody makes the ideal embankment, although there tries to build them on some other foundation have been many dams built of clay alone, that than solid rock, with a usually fatal result. Oc- stood well enough and some are even built of casionally an earthquake tries its hand at laying sand alone, and serve their purpose admirably. out a masonry dam, and it invariably succeeds. When they are built of clay and gravel, they Of the various kinds of dams that failed one of are generally built in more or less horizontal the greatest of American engineers has said that layers. About 8 inches of clay is put down, then for every one earth dam that has failed in the last the same thickness of gravel which is worked into fifty years,there have collapsed four masonry dams the clay by spading and rolling, then another and ten wooden dams washed away, so that in layer of clay is put down and so on alternately. spite of the Johnstown failure, and numerous As a matter of fact very few earth dams have ever others of the same kind, it would seem that the failed through the faults of construction or ma- safest dam is the one that is properly constructed terial in the embankment itself, the trouble gen- out of good substantial clay and gravel. Of late erally comes from an insufficient escape way or years the use of electric machinery and the elec- through pipes which have been laid through the tric transmission of power has come to be so im- embankment improperly, or because the water portant. Many dams have been built for purpose leaks between the dam itself and its foundation. of obtaining the water power, and more are being Water likes to creep along a smooth surface, built every year. In this part of the country and when it strikes anything as nice as the smooth where there are no steep mountain streams, dams outside of a tile or an iron pipe, it continues to for that purpose are not possible, but in the do this, getting a larger and larger space around mountain regions people are beginning to appre- THE ROSE TECHNIC. 233 ciate that the water is quite willing to do their and for that reason it would seem that there is work for them if they simply cage it with a dam, quite a future for the builder of dams.

ELECTRICITY DIRECT FROM CARBON. JOHN II. HELLWEG, JR., AND JAY H. HALL. Over 95 per cent. of the power used in the varied the ordinary observer that so little is being done industries of the United States isobtained from coal. in this direction at the present time. It is true, Even the immense power which might be ob- however, that the experimental difficulties which tained from the whole of Niagara Falls would be are encountered in preliminary investigation are but a small fraction of the total amount used. of such a nature as to discourage all but the most to The sources of power other than coal and water interested and painstaking experimenters, and at are almost too insignificant to be considered. this is undoubtedly due the fact that there are Primary batteries are only used to the small ex- present but few men investigating the problem. in- tent of ringing electric bells, working telegraph The history of efforts in this direction is an sounders, exploding mines, etc. Secondary bat- teresting one. As early as 1855 Becquerel made his own teries or storage cells are merely conveniences to several experiments in which he proved to di- store electricity until needed. They are not true satisfaction that electiicity could be obtained sources of power. Thermo piles have been con- rectly from coal. Since that time the correctness it now ap- structed to furnish a considerable quantity of elec- of his proof has been disputed, and thermo- tricity. The cost of their construction, however, pears that the results he obtained were point of con- is so great, their durability so questionable, and electric. This in fact has been the the present their efficiency so small, that they have been tention with every form of cell up to the purpose of thrown aside as practically worthless. Gas and time that has been constructed for coal. oil engines, while apparently common, do not fur- generating electricity directly from was used in the nish enough power to effect the entire amouht. It was not until 1822 that air of de- The great source of power then is coal, and as electrolyte and then it was for the purpose oxygen for the energy of coal must be transformed to be avail- polarization, and not for furnishing able, we can say that the steam engine may be the combustion of the carbon. Ger- considered the real prime mover in the manufac- Dr. Borchers and Dr. Coehn, two eminent time to turing and commercial industries of to-day. The man chemists, have devoted considerable obtained steam engine in itself, however, is very inefficient. the study of this problem. The results in that The best engine constructed gives but little over by the latter are particularly interesting doubt that it is one-third of the maximum theoretical efficiency he seems to have proven beyond a a solution of of 32 per cent., there being a waste in transforma- possible by electrolysis to produce formed of which tion of nearly 90 per cent, of the original energy carbon, and that a battery may be I have never of the coal. the carbon is the soluble electrode. and they may The problem of the production of electricity di- heard or seen these points disputed rectly from carbon is, therefore, as interesting and safely be taken as actual truths. progress was fascinating as the prospective rewards for a suc- It was not until recently that any cell. Dr. cessful solution and commercial application of the made toward a successful commercial Com- same are many and varied. Jacques, electrician for the Bell Telephone Considering this, it may appear surprising to pany at Boston, Mass., has made an extended 234 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

series of experiments on cells of various designs, tions on a cell closely resembling the one invent- and has approximated nearer to commercial suc- ed by the gentleman named as shown by the ac- cess than any of his predecessors. His success, companying sketch, in which the various parts however, may be more apparent than real, as his are shown and their uses indicated. experiments were made on such a large scale that In attacking this problem it was our purpose the results were much more impressive than those to set at rest some of.the many points of conten- of any other investigator. He constructed a two- tion in regard to the true source of energy in the horse power apparatus and with the electricity Jacques cell. Prof. Elihu Thomson, Mr. C. J. obtained, drove the air pump used to supply Reed and others, contend that either the action oxygen to the carbon, lighted a series of incon- is thermo-electric or that it is secondary, not descent lamps and drove a motor of considerable primary. Mr. Reed has performed several super- size. He acknowledges, however, that the plant ficial experments which have been so widely pub- was not a commercial success. lished that general opinion has been molded by The action of the Jacques' cell is, as Dr. Jac- them. For instance, he states that the forcing ques himself states, the chemical combination of of the air into the lye and around the carbon, the oxygen of the air with the carbon by impreg- has but little effect, and that the illuminating gas nating a molten basic electrolyte with the carbon has the same effect as air. He believes that the with which it is in contact, and collecting the air increases the difference of temperature be- electricity by means of an electrode not acted tween the junctions and hence increases the elec- upon by this electrolyte when the circuit is closed. tromotive force. A small amount of magnesium oxide is added to To settle these points, Mr. Hall and I made serve to convey the carbonic acid formed through several exhaustive tests, obtaining results which the electrolyte so that renewal is not so frequent. appear to us conclusive. We have shown; 1st, The description of the Jacques' cell is as follows: that the oxygen of the air is absolutely essential A pure iron pot, 12 inches high by 1-1 in diame- to the maintainance of a steady e. m. f.; 2nd, ter, is filled with molton caustic soda or potash that the illuminating gas or nitrogen gas, sub- and a little magnesium oxide is added for the stituted for air, are destructive to the life of the purpose above mentioned. By means of an air cell and lower the e. in. f. to nearly zero, etc.; 3rd, pump outside of the cell and a rose blower inside, that the oxygen is taken from the air to burn a plentiful supply of air is forced into and the carbon. This last was proven by accurate through the liquid and around the central elect- quantitative analyses of several samples of air rode of carbon suspended and insulated from a collected after having passed through the cell. cover at the top of the cell. One terminal of the This is a resume of the most important results external circuit is connected to the carbon rod, we obtained. We had arrived at a most inter- the other to the pot itself. An exhaust and a esting stage of the investigation, that of obtain- supply tube for the withdrawal and renewal of ing the efficiency of the cell, when the time the liquid enter into the walls of the pot. There allotted us, came to an end. is also an exhaust pipe for the waste gases. As it stands now, the problem is to construct Considering, from a careful study of available a commercially successful cell. Once this is done, data, that the process invented and patented by the effect on the consumption of the coal supply Dr. Jacques, was the nearest approach to the suc- will be considerable and many and important cessful solution of the problem up to the present changes will take place in all branches of man- time, Mr. Hall and I commenced our investiga- ufacturing and commerce. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 235

SURFACE TENSION.

ROBERT A. PIIILIP. Among those properties of matter known to us, bubble and the outside air, the bubble will con- inertia and attraction may be regarded as perhaps tract until all the air in the interior has been ex- the most fundamental. While inertia is the pelled and nothing remains but a plane film. So characteristic property by which matter is distin- we conclude that the tendency of the surface to guished from everything else, attraction is pro- contract is balanced by an increase of pressure of bably the property on which depends the distinc- the air in the interior. This general tendency of tion between the different kinds and conditions liquid films to assume a form of minimum sur- of matter. face produces many beautiful results when frames We recognize several varieties of attraction, of wire are dipped in soapy water, the surfaces but of these I will only mention the molecular thus easily obtained being the solutions of many attraction on which the different physical condi- interesting geometrical problems. tions of matter depends. In the case of gases the Another interesting but little known property influence of this attraction is a minimum. A per- of liquids which is illustrated by these films is fect gas according to the kinetic theory is a collec- that of liquid tenacity. When we consider the tion of elastic particles moving in paths influen- extreme thinness of these films it is evident that ced by their inertia and by impact on other par- the stress in the liquid is not inconsiderable and ticles only. But we do not find any gases in na- indeed, from other considerations we may con- ture that exactly agree in their behavior with clude with considerable certainty that many liq- that of the ideal perfect gas. All of them ex- uids, including water, are able to bear tensile hibit a tendency to contract as they approach the stresses that are not incomparable with those of point of liquefaction, and when this is reached the metals. there is a sudden diminution of volume, which , The same molecular attractions that give the in water under ordinary conditions amounts to surface tension and internal cohesion of liquids a decrease to the 1700th part. This points to a comes into play whenever a liquid comes into powerful mutual attraction among the molecules contact with a solid giving the phenomenon of of a gas, which in the case just cited is sufficient the wetting of solids by liquids. Here we have a to produce a reduction of volume equal to that tendency of a liquid to adhere to a solid, which due to an external pressure of 25,000 pounds on is so great that the liquid will spread over the the square inch. surface of the solid even when opposed by the When we see the evidence of such great molec- force of gravity. The result is even more marked ular action in gases we expect to find the effects if the solid is a fine tube dipping into the liquid, of the same forces in liquids, and we are not dis- then, if the liquid wets the solid, the attraction appointed, for we can trace the important phe- of the walls of the tube causes the fluid to form a nomenon of surface tension to the same cause. thin layer over them and this necessitates that the We find by observation that the surface of liquids surface of the liquid in the tube should be con- exhibits a marked tendency to contract in area cave. As we found in the case of a soap bubble whenever it is given an opportunity to do so. the pressure is less on the convex than on the This is readily shown to be the case in drops and concave side of a liquid surface, so here the pres- bubbles, where the easily recognized tendency to sure is reduced just beneath the surface and the assume the spherical form is to be explained by fluid must flow up into the tube until the surface the fact that the surface of the sphere is less than rises to such a height that the weight of water that of any other solid of the same volume. If raised exactly balances the deficiency of pressure. there is an open passage between the interior of a This is the theory of what is known as Capillary 236 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

Action, which takes place not only in fine tubes, Whenever a number of small bodies, some of but also in porous and fibrous bodies, such as which are wet and others not wet by the fluid, are brick or cloth. On first seeing the spontaneous floating on the surface of water,a remarkable ap- ascent of water in a capillary tube, one might pearance of attraction and repulsion is observed. imagine that the essential principle of the "per- All the wetted bodies attract one another but re- petual motion" had at last been discovered. But pel the non-wetted bodies which likewise attract that this is a mistake must be evident from the one another. Here, strange to say, we find the fact that the rise of water in a capillary tube takes laws that like bodies attract and unlike bodies re- flace at the expense of the potential energy of pel, which are exactly the opposite of the laws we the dry surface of the solid which is reduced by find in the cases of electricity and magnetism. the contact with water. So that while we may As the explanations of these effects is somewhat some day use a free solid surface as a means of complex, it will be sufficient to say that the theory storing energy, yet we can never use such a sur- of surface tension renders the reasons for the ac- face as the source of an inexhaustible supply. tions perfectly clear, giving a case where action at It is to surface tension that we must also turn a distance is explained by the influence of the in- for the explanation of the fact that small bodies, tervening medium. such as sewing needles, will float on the surface In conclusion I will say with regard to the of water even though they are many times more mathematical investigation of the whole subject dense. If you examine a needle floating on the of surface tension that the mode of treatment de- surface of water you will find that it rests at the pends on whether a molecular or continuous bottom of a small dimple, now remembering structure of matter is assumed. While the former that the effect of a surface tension is to increase is more in accordance with modern views; yet the the pressure of the concave side, you readily see latter furnishes not unsatisfactory explanations of that this is the force which keeps it afloat. the phenomena,so that in my thesis I have adopt- Nature uses precisely the same sustaining power ed this latter hypothesis and from it have shown of the surface to enable a multitude of insects to that a surface tension is the necessary result of live and move upon the surface without being wet. 'the attractive forces I have mentioned.

DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC SOAP WRAPPING MACHINE. THEODORE L. CAMP. Cleanliness is next to godliness. There are into cutters which cut them into the form of the probably few among us to-day who have not at copyrighted cake. The soap is then taken into sometime in their lives in some form or other used the drying room and from there fed into the press, soap. I am not here to dwell at length upon the where the form and stamp of the cake is made by merits of using soap or to advertise any particular a plunger which descends upon a stamped plate. brand of soap. If any of you have ever visited a The soap comes from this press at about the rate soap manufacturing plant you will probably have of sixty cakes per minute. You will also have seen that the soap comes into the printing, pack- noticed that at a table near this press there will be ing, cutting and stamping room in the form of an a number of girls or boys who perform the opera- immense cake about five feet square by two and tion of wrapping the soap and packing it into one-half feet in thickness. This cake is cut into boxes. I noticed this fact in a neighboring soap slices the thickness of a bar of soap; these pass manufactory which I visited sometime ago, and 1 THE ROSE TECHNIC. 237 asked the proprietor why he did not have a ma- wrapping device. This consists of a chute, which chine for doing that work, and he said that there is formed by four planes connected by springs to was no such machine built. I told him there keep the pressure constant on the soap, of slides ought to be such a machine and he said that if I that do the top folding, of fingers underneath would design one I would not have to work for a which do the side folding, of a plunger which year. I do not like to work and so I have tried pushes the soap into position, and a top slide to get up the machine, and I have here a rude af- which does the remainder of the folding at the fair made of wood and metal, a working model, ends. explain. The complete machine which I will [Description of model as it works.] consists of a roller printing press which prints the labels and feeds the paper into the machine at the From an economical standpoint this machine proper time. It also consists of a reciprocating would be a success provided it would work,and it trough and a device at a distance of five or six would probably take the place offrom five to seven feet from the machine which packs it in boxes boys or girls, thus making a saving of from $25 to and makes it ready for shipment. These parts $30 per week, or about $1,300 to $1,500 per year. are not shown in this model, which is simply the I don't know how it will come out.

ALUMNI ADDRESS.

HERBERT W. FOLTZ, '86. I account as no mean honor You, young men of the class of'97, have reached the privilege of representing the that time in your lives when you cease to be and Alumni Association on this occa- begin to do. The old order changeth, yielding Before you is life in earnest, a sion. In one of those unguarded moments com- place to the new. but vital and essential affair; be- mon no doubt to all mankind when we appear to problematical playground full of happy associa- be not accountable for our actions I consented to hind is life's varying experiences, growing dearer and act as spokesman for the graduate body. The tions and go by. Each has doubtless realization of the task imposed by this consent sweeter as the years himself that career which he has since been brought home to me in many ways, mapped out for to his powers or inclinations. and it is with a full sense of my inability to per- deems best suited few to start on life's journey form that which I have so rashly undertaken that It is given to but or talent. Genius is that I attempt this address here to-day. equipped with genius 4.

238 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

central, finer essence of the mind, the self-lighted mere rope of sand. Its hero often receives the fire, the intuitional gift, born with the man, for applause of the multitude one day and its execra- a definite purpose, in which it surpasses. Talent tions the next. If you desire peace of mind,shun gathers and shapes, and applies what genius ambition and the ambitious man. The road am- forges. Genius is of the soul, emotional and pro- bition travels is too narrow for friendship, too ductive; talent of the understanding, intellectual crooked for love, too rugged for honesty, too dark and accumulative. These are radical gifts given to for science, too hilly for happiness. The ambi- but few men, through which they are intended tious man is often seen going across lots to for- by nature to be operative and fruitful among tune; and a poor business he often makes'of it. their fellows. To such, prosperity and content- The man with a purpose first thinks out his ment are assured. The great majority, however, work and then works out his thought. It is in are destined to drift into the way of the common- the manner of working out this thought—the place, the path of routine. But because this is to means to the end—that most men blunder. be our lot, it does not follow that we must drift There prevails to-day in alL communities an al- aimlessly and blindly along with the multitude, most irresistible tendency to pass by the little yielding to no movement of individual purpose, things which make life happier and better in the nor stirred by inspirations other than those of endeavor to grasp some coveted success. Very material gain and self-aggrandizement. The very few men, properly speaking live at present, but fact of one's lot being cast with the masses should seem to be providing to live another time. While of itself furnish the opportunity and incentive oneness of aim is therefore a prime factor in the for putting forth his every endeavor to triumph realization of success, its practice should be tern- over his environments and become a leader, not pered with moderation. The danger arises in a follower, of men. In our voyage of life let us making all things else subservient to any one not drift, but steer. great motive in life. Take it to be a principal Every youth should form at the outset of his rule not to be too much addicted to any one thing. career the solemn purpose to make the most and The truly happy man is the man of parts. Busi- the best of the powers which have been given ness or professional success is not to be despised, him,and to turn to the best possible account every but it is by no means all to strive for or attain. outward advantage within his reach. The pur- The man who permits himself to be ruled by this pose must carry with it the assent of the reason, single purpose robs himself and those about him the approval of the conscience, the sober judg- of the sweets of life, makes of his friends enemies ment of the intellect. It should then embody and lives always in the" to-morrow." On the within itself whatever is vehenient in desire, in- map of life the land of desire borders that of re- spiring in hope, thrilling in enthusiasm and in- gret. tense in desperate resolve. There can be no ques- "But since of life we have but one small share— tion among philosophic observers of men and A pittance scant, which daily toils impair-- events that fixedness of purpose is a grand ele- Why should we waste it in pursuit of care? ment of human success. Weather-cock men are Why do we labor to enhance our store, Nature's failures—they are good for nothing. It The more we gain, still coveting the more?" requires purpose, will and oneness of aim and in- I would therefore make more of a business with vincible determination to succeed. I would not all the pursuit of happiness. There is not any- have fixedness of purpose confounded with am- thing in this world, perhaps, that is more talked bition. Lexicographers define ambition to be an of and less understood. And yet how simply and earnest desire of power, honor, preferment and easily within the reach of everybody who will but pride. The honor awarded to power that is ac- stop and look for it. quired by ambition is held by a slender tenure, a To be happy does not mean the gratification of THE ROSE TECHNIC. 239 our every whim, nor is the man with few desires of the world better for having lived in it. You, happier than the man with many. "The stoical young men, have this opportunity now offered scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our you. Begin right. "Well begun is half ended," desires is like cutting off our feet when we want says the proverb and a good beginning is half the shoes," says Swift. battle. Begin with your habits. Man, it has Happiness is found in different ways and de- been said, is a bundle of habits; and habit is sec- grees by different natures, depending largely upon ond nature, becoming his best friend or worst the manner in which it is sought. "Every man enemy. Form the habit early of reserving from has his chain and his clog, only it is looser to one each day some time for the little things. The man than another; he is more at ease who takes majority of men disdain the little things—too it up and carries it, than he who drags it." "Too many fractions are "vulgar" in more senses than many men spend much of their lives in making the rule implies. Set a high price on your leisure the rest miserable." "With more of thanks and moments. Properly expended they will procure less of thought, for you a stock of great thoughts—thoughts that fill, stir and invigorate your being. "There Let's strive to make our matters meet, will To seek what ancient sages sought, are hours which are taken from us, some of which • Physic and food in sour and sweet; are stolen from us, and some which slip from us." To take what passes in good part, But however we may lose them, we can never get And keep the hiccups from the heart." them back. Every day is a little life; and our There seem to be certain rare temperaments to whole life is but a day repeated; those, therefore, which a sort of happiness is attached as a gift of that dare lose a day are dangerously prodigal; nature—people who are happy without trying to those that dare misspend it, desperate. We can be and sometimes in spite of themselves and their generally make time for what we choose to do; it environments. We see and meet these people to- is not really the time but the will that is wanting: day and resolve to become more like them; to- and the advantage of leisure is mainly that we morrow we forget and fall back into the routine may have the power of choosing our own work, of our hurly-burly, work-a-day life. not certainly that it confers the privilege of idle- What I would like to emphasize as of primary ness. As Milton so beautifully says; "Hours importance to the happiness of the individual and have wings, fly up to the author of time and carry the community in general is a due appreciation of news of usage. All our prayers cannot entreat the value of time and so-called trifles. When we one of them either to return or slacken its pace. have learned to attach to these the importance due The misspents of every minute are a new record them in our evyry-day affairs, then happiness will against us in heaven. Sure if we thought thus, follow as day the night. This reform (for reform we should dismiss them with better reports, and it is) must come mainly through individual effort not suffer them to fly away empty, or laden with and example. It is the too predominant spirit dangerous intelligence. How happy is it when of impatience and push which prevents our Amer- they carry up not only the message, but the fruits ican people as a class halting in their mad pursuit of good, and stay with the Ancient of Days and of individual success to look about them and en- speak for us before his glorious throne." joy those things which cohtinually invite their "Time travels in divers paces with divers per- attention and are so easily within the reach sons," says Shakespeare. "I'll tell you who time of all. ambles withal, who time trots withal, who time I never witness the commencement of a class gallops withal, and who he stands still withal." of young men or women without thinking of the It is not so much the hours that tell, as the way opportunity afforded each one, be he or she of but we use them. It is the minutes wasted that the most ordinary ability, of making some part wound the hours and mar the day. 240 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

"Circles are ifraised, not that excel but if cultivated by the individual, what an up- In largeness, but th' exactly framed; lifting power it would develop among the _masses! So life we praise, that does excel Too Not in much time but in acting well." many feel only in nature that which we share "with the weed and the worm;" they love birds When you have learned, then, to set aside each as boys do—that is, they love throwing stones at day some time to do with as you please, study them; or wonder if they are good to eat, as the how best to keep the moments from becoming Esquimaux asked about the watch. They see in idle ones. Goethe says we should form the habit a shallow pool of"clear water only the mud lying of hearing a little song, reading a good poem, see- at the bottom, not the image of the heavens above, ing an excellent picture, or uttering a sensible or walk through the world like ghosts, as if they observation every day. Use the spare moments were in it and not of it. They have "eyes and for what are commonly accepted as "trifles." see not, ears and hear not." Such men are in- They are necessary to fill in and round out the deed pitiable and, unfortunately, are more the perfect life. "Great without small makes -a bad rule than the exception. The love of nature is a wall," says a quaint Greek proverb. Little acts great gift, and if it is frozen or crushed out, the are the elements of true greatness—the exponents character can hardly fail to suffer from the loss. denoting the power to which life's value is to be Surely one cannot read Jeffries' "Pagent of.Sum- raised. It is the close observation of the little mer" without responding with some degree of things which is the secret of success in business, feeling and enthusiasm. "I linger," he says, "in in art, in science, and in every pursuit in life. the midst of the long grass, the luxury of the Human knowledge is but an accumulation of leaves, and the song in the very air. * * * small facts made by successive generations of In the blackbird's melody one note is mine, in men. Though many of these facts and observa- the damp of the leaf shadows the formed maze tions seemed in the first instance to have but is for me though the motion is theirs. The flow- slight significance, they are all found to have their ers with a thousand faces have collected the kisses eventful uses and to fit into their proper places. of the morning. Feeling with them I receive Even many speculations seemingly remote turn some, at least, of their fullness of life. * * * out to be the basis of results the most obviously These are the only hours that are not wasted— practical. So with the "side issues" in life. these hours that absorb the soul and fill it with They may appear at first glance unimportant, but beauty." We cannot too often lock up our cares they have a definite, fixed mission—they break in and go into the country where Nature's beauties upon the monotony of living merely and make most abound, for Of a truth this guest is that it living 'yell. And what are these side issues so which "Finds tongues in trees, books in the run- requisite to human happiness? Nature provides ning brooks,sermons in stones, and good in every- them without stint. "To watch the corn grow or thing." the tilossoms set; to draw hard breath over plow Good music also is healthful. Every song share or spade; to read, to think, to love to pray," soothes and uplifts. There is no better cure for • these, says Ruskin, "are the things that make bad humors and no medicine more pleasant to men happy." Throw aside the utilitarian idea take. Music is to the ear and to the intellect occasionally long enough to seek rest in the purely what strawberries, peaches and other luscious sensuous emotion that finds its sense and aim in fruits are to the taste. The world needs and the the act; as in the odor of a flower, or its color, or masses cry aloud for music in the spare moments; the passing of a bar of music, or the look at a they are tired of the inharmonious din of toil and picture or a great work of architecture. What do a few sweet notes break in upon life's monotony they do? Nothing. What are they for? Just and bring with them hours of pleasure to the that. They begin and end there as to utility; weary breadwinners. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 241

"He that loveth a book," says Isaac Barrow, phere which is necessary to stimulate artistic pro- "will never want a faithful friend, a wholesome duction and keep alive the glow of artistic sym- counsellor, a cheerful companion, an effectual pathy. No artist is strong enough to prevail comforter. By study, by reading, by thinking, against a crude public. What we need most is one may innocently divert and pleasantly enter- guidance and we will get along best when we learn tain himself, as in all weathers so in all fortunes." to guide ourselves. Use some of your spare mo- Too many men abandon the study of a profession ments in learning to appreciate the good in art when they begin its practice. Reading is, how- and the benefits to yourself and the community ever, by no means necessarily study. Far from it. will be more than you guess. "I put," says Frederick Harrison in his excellent As with art, so with'architecture. Architecture article on "Choice of Books," "I put the poetic expresses us whether we will or not. Witness and emotional side of literature as the most needed the heterogeneous architecture of our time: wit- for daily use." Someone has described a home ness the mass of individual expression in those without books as a body without a soul. A li- who build. A prominent American architect, brary is a true fairy-land, a very palace of delight, asked for a definition, replied that "American a haven of repose from the storms and cares architecture is the art of covering one thing with of the world. Rich and poor can enjoy it another, to imitate a third thing, which, if genu- equally, for here, at least, wealth gives no advan- ine, would not be desirable." Yet there is ap- tage. parent, withal, a desire, a yearning for better Art is unquestionably one of the purest and things. If there is any future to architecture in highest elements in human happiness. It trains America, it lies in the education of the people. the mind through the eye, and the eye through We have a few architects who are serious enough the mind. As the sun colors flowers, so does art and well enough equipped, but they must have color life. Art has the advantage of nature, inso- an audience. It takes a giant to work long and far as it introduces a human element, which is in sustain his ideals without someone to understand some respects superior even to nature. "If," says him. If the architect is to do his best work, Plato, "you take a man as he is made by nature there must be those about him who love and ap- and compare him with another who is the effect preciate it, those who are stimulated, and who, in of art, the work of nature will always appear the turn, stimulate the architect. The relation be- less beautiful, because art is more accurate than tween the architect and the people should be nature." Imitation is, however, the means and close and reciprocal. There is no reason why the not the end of art. It is not necessary that one people should not know so simple a thing as the should be able to draw or paint in order to give history and general principles of arChitecture, the mind an artistic training. There are many which is only complicated through methods of people who can draw and paint who are not art- approaching it. When considered in its relation ists. One may be an artist in heart and mind to things, as a part of the world's development, without manual deiterity in the arts. It is as the expression of the life and thought of the through artistic cultivation of and by the people people, it becomes at once fascinating and instruc- that we may expect progress in art. Good taste tive to even the casual reader—to him who pur- is not inherent. It comes by association with sues it only as a pastime and not as a study. • As things artistic. The intelligent sympathy and engineers you should have a large and personal support which the people may give the artist will interest in the development of American archi- do quite as much to remove the present unsatis- tecture, which has recently been described to be factory condition as anything which can be sug- ornamental and ornamented engineering. But gested at this time. The artist and the people whether engineers or laymen, it is a subject which must pull together in the creation of that atmos- should interest all alike and is valuable, if but 242 THE ROSE TECHNIC. universally recognized, in determining the destiny intrusted the revision of the Constitution and of our architecture. By-laws, reported. Before the chairman, Mr. Ben To sum up,then, let us use our leisure moments KcKeen, commenced to read the Constitution it in becoming better acquainted with the beauties was decided by the Association that he should with which Nature surrounds us, in listening to read the Constitution and By-laws article by arti- sweet music, in the reading of good books, in the cle, which was done. After it was read, it was cultivation of art for art's sake and in learning to adopted as a whole with a few changes that had know and appreciate the good and the beautiful been made during the reading. in architecture. These are to me the more im- By resolution it was decided to request THE portant of many "side-issites" worthy of our TECHNIC to print in full the Alumni address de- thoughts and time. "Be it ours to feel that 'the livered by H. W. Foltz, '86. life in the living it savors of worth;' that there is Also by resolution the secretary was instructed a value in a ray of sunshine; that the vista of a to ask the members of the Alumni to please be dusty road may hold a glimpse of Elysium; that more particular about keeping him supplied with a sweet sound may dispel the cares of a day; that correct information as to their location. there is an inspiration in a noble edifice; that in The election of officers for the ensuing year hurried call "get," "get," "do," "do," we may resulted as follows: Sam'l D. Collett, '90, presi- overrun the rare worth of life, lose the end in the dent; W. Offut Mundy,'95, vice-president; John means, be driven aside from the real living into B. Allman,'87, secretary and treasurer. a feverish existence. Let it be for us to woo that Executive committee: Ben McKeen,'85, chair- leisure in which fair serenity ushers in the com- man, H. W. Foltz, '86, F. F. Hildreth, '94. pany of the true and the beautiful, and makes us a little acquainted here with that which paints for us the hereafter." THE ALUMNI BANQUET. The eleventh annual banquet of the Rose Poly- technic Alumni Association occurred at The PROCEEDINGS OF ELEVENTH ANNUAL Terre Haute House on Thursday night, June 17. BUSINESS MEETING OF R. P. I. AL- It was the most successful meeting ever held, and UMNI ASSOCIATION AT TERRE great credit is due to the executive committee, HAUTE HOUSE,JUNE 17th, Ben McKeen, '85, Herbert W. Foltz, '86, and 1897. Fred F. Hildreth,'94, for the pleasant evening In the absence of the president, Geo. H. Chap- enjoyed by- all. Around one long table extending man '88, the meeting was called to order by the the whole length of the dining-room, were seated vice-president, Howard M. Stanton of '94. At the jolly group of alumni, numbering between his request Mr. Ben McKeen,'85, took charge and forty and fifty. They were seated in order by presided throughout the session. classes, every class having one or more represent- About 20 members were present. The minutes atives, which is something remarkable, remem- of the meeting one year previous were read and bering that the men are scattered over all parts approved, also the treasurer's report. of the Union. The committee appointed to investigate the In the absence of President Chapman, Vice- subject of Alumni representation on the Board of President Stanton presided, and filled the posi- Managers reported through the chairman, How- tion as toast-master with evident satisfaction to ard M. Stanton. With slight changes in the all. It was after nine o'clock when the company wording of unimportant portions the report was marched into the banquet-hall, and after having adopted unanimously. seated them, Mr. Stanton gave the word for the The executive committee to whom had been following excellent menu: THE ROSE TECHNIC. 243

MATH. PICTURES IN RETROSPECT . WALTER M. BLINKS,'94 "Some are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and "But, after all, it is the pictures one carries some to be chewed and digested." in one's mind which are best worth while." Little Neck Clams (Chablis) SOLO—" Ho! Fill me a Flagon"—Jonx B. AIKMAN,'87 Olives Salted Almonds Radishes "Swans sing before they die; 'twere no bad thing Bouillon Clear Should certain persons die before they sing." Planked White Fish Parsley Butter [For an encore Mr. Aikman sang "All in a Garden Fair,] (Amontillado) OPPORTUNITY ARTHUR KENDRICK Dressed Cucumbers Saratogo Chips "Opportunity has hair in front; behind she Lamb Chops Saute, Breaded is bald; if you seize her by the forelock you (Cruse et Fils Claret) may hold but not French Peas her, if suffered to escape, himself could her again." Patties of Fresh Mushrooms Jupiter catch Punch Benedictine (Cigarettes) GREASE, GRIT AND GUMPTION . . C. M. SAMES,'86 Breast of Young Chicken, Supreme, "Gumption you hey got to hey, Asparagus, Cream Sauce Th' aint no gittin' on without it, (Champagne) No use talkin'; en ez to grit, Tomato and Lettuce Salad Grit's ever'thing, I tell ye; Nesselrode Pudding En grease—grease means a lot of things— Small Cakes Ef ye've got that, ye'r fixed, b'jings." Toasted Wafers Cheese Coffee (Cigars) "To all, to each, a fair good-night. And pleasing dreams, and slumbers light." "What an excellent thing did God bestow upon man when He gave him a good stomach." Three of those who were down for toasts were not present, but substitutes were found who treated the subjects well. Professor Wickersham AFTERMATH. responded to "Education" in the absence of Mr. "Discourse, the sweeter banquet of the mind." McMeans, and Buckner Speed filled Mr. Blink's TOWARDS UTOPIA DR. MEM place on the program with such efficiency as to "There's a good time coming, boys, call forth enthusiastic and repeated applause. A good time coming; Sames, who was not able to attend, wrote out his We may not live to see the day, and mailed it to his classmate, Foltz,to read. But earth shall glisten in the ray toast Of the good time coming. Otherwise the program was given in full, followed Cannon balls may aid the truth, by a number of speeches by members of the fac- But thought's a weapon stronger; ulty, board of managers and alumni. An excel- We'll win our battle by its aid— lent orchestra furnished music throughout the Wait a little longer." evening. At the close of the "aftermath" all OF '97 THE°. L. CAMI', '97 CLASS grouped around the piano, and sang or danced, they meet with no impediment in the "May and the meeting finally ended with goodbyes and pathway of life more difficult to overcome than their own modesty." goodwishes, with many expressions of desire that EDUCATION 0 E MCMKANS, 96 each would meet all, and more, next year. Those "What we want is not learning but knowl- present were: edge; that is the power to make learning an- Board of Managers—Judge William Mack, Mr. swer its true end as a quickener of intelligence W. C. Ball. and a widener of our intellectual sympathies." Faculty—Dr. C. L. Mees, President; Professor THE PRESS W, C. BALL Thomas Gray, Professor W. A. Noyes, Professor "I would derive the name editor not so much John B. Peddle, Professor A. S. Hathaway, Pro- publish, as from edo, to eat, that from edo, to fessor F. C. Wagner, Professor Arthur Kendrick, being the peculiar profession to which he es- teems himself called." Professor J. A, Wickersham, 244 THE ROSE TECHNIC. Class of'85—Ben McKeen, city. PEDDLE—ONEV. Class of'86—Herbert W. Foltz, Indianapolis; A nother one of our professors has taken unto Charles E. Scott, city. himself a partner for life. On Monday, June 21, Class of'87—John B. Aikman, city. Prof. John B. Peddle was happily married to Miss Class of '88—John B. Peddle, city. Alice Oney of Nashville. They go to spend the Class of'89—V. K.Hendricks, city; A.J. Ham- summer in Sinnickson, Va., and may the fates mond, Frankfort. provide for them a pleasant trip, ea happy and suc- Class of'90—S. D. Collett, New York; Otto G. cessful future. The TECHNIC speaks for the stu- Hess, Wheeling, W. Va. dent bodyin offering the heartiest congratulations. Class of'91—Abe Balsley, city; W. H. Harris, ALUMNI NOTES. city; Omar Mewhinney, city. Collett, '90, came from New York to pay his Ott, Rockville. Class of'92—Claude respects at the commencement exercises. Class of'93—R. E. Huthsteiner, Waynesboro, Sanborn, '96, and Shaneberger,'95, were in the Penn. city May 13th to attend the Alpha Tau dance. Class of'94—James Royse, city; E. D. Froh- man, Pittsburgh, Pa.; F. F. Hildreth, city; Buck- It was noticed that among those who came to the ner Speed, Louisville, Ky.; Howard M. Stanton, alumni meeting the civils were well represented. Indianapolis. Born to Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Layman, St. Louis, Class of'95—A. V. Tuller, Carrier Mills, Ills.; Wednesday, June 9th, a daughter. The name is W. 0. Mundy, Louisville, Ky.; E. L. Shane- Edith. berger, Indianapolis, Ind. Mundy and Miller, both of '95, expect soon to Class of'96—James Farrington, Youngstown, have an advance in position with an increase of Ohio. salary. Class of'97—R. M. Newbold,Birmingham, Ala.; Hedden,'94, came over to spend several days T. L. Camp, Jackson, Mich.; C. H.Tucker, Wash- the week of field day. Every one was glad to see ington, D. C.; J. H. Hall, Danville, Ill.; Herman S. him about the Institute again. Heichert, Marion, Ind.; J. J. Kessler, Jr., city; E. Richard Meriwether, '96, passed through the Frank, Petersburg, Ind.; J. B. Haney, Wellsburg, city several weeks ago on his way to Chicago W. Va,; Gustav Willius, Jr., St. Paul, Mich.; where he has accepted a position with Siemens Charles H. Fry, Jr., Fort Worth, Tex.; David Halske. He stopped off long enough to visit the Ingle, Jr., Oakland City, Ind. Institute and shake hands with all his old friends.

Hear the jabber of the Profs, tiresome Profs, How like, in point of brains displayed, unto a gang of Sophs ; How they jabber, jabber, jabber, In that hellish Physical Lab, Till they almost drive one crazy With their everlasting gab. Not a word, word, word, but what's more or less absurd, In the gabble, gabble, gabble of the Profs, Profs, Profs, Of the everlasting, flabbergasting Profs. [With deepest apologies to Mr. Poe.] .J. D. I., '97. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 245

THE FIELD MEET.

The weather bright- The average Rose man was not very much dis- is how DePauw came to win. not until it had succeeded appointed when it became a sure thing that the ened up at noon, but good many people that they Earlham men were the pennant winners. Perhaps in convincing a comfortable beside a cozy fire than this was because we won more points than did Pur- would be more grandstand. Still, we due. Perhaps it was because a more gentlemanly out in the wind-swept of the crowd. It was a good sized and worthy team than Earlham's never contested can't complain crowd, a crowd that appre- against us on field, track and tennis courts; and crowd, an intelligent a crowd that even cheered because to be defeated by them did not argue in- ciated every event, the pace during the first four ability in athletics. We lost out on the dashes Tilly for setting long bicycle race. Moveover, it was and weight events. We missed the Klinger boys miles of the crowd. While the treasury of the ath- in the bicycle races, though not quite so much as a paying does not exactly suffer from a we had anticipated. The hurdles were not for letic association wealth, it has now enough to pay all Us, nor were the jumps. In the other events we plethora of current expenses for some time to did well, though not quite well enough. debts, and the best result of the field The day was cold and dark and dreary. It was come. That is all that could not have been desired. Rose men meet. was called off at 1:30, and, ac- woke with shivers and dire forebodings as to what The first event the following is a truthful the day might bring forth. The threatening as- cording to the referee, winners and records: pect of wind and weather sent our hopes below record of events, Dash. 1st heat, Binford, E. C.,:101; the zero point. Was it likely that anybody could - 100 Yards Castleman, D. P. U., :101; 3rd heat, do anything worth recording on a day like this? 2nd heat, Rose, :1(4. Final heat: 1st, Bin- we asked ourselves and each other. However,the Huthsteiner, Jones, E. C.; 3rd, Huthst,einer, weather did not interfere with the progress of ford, E. C.; 2nd, :101. events. Tennis was picked up languidly but was Rose. Time, High Jump. 1st, Robertson, P. U.; dropped by our men as if it were a hot brick. Running Rose. Height, Earlham could play a little better 2nd, Haworth, E.C.; 3rd, Hellweg, • DePauw and 5, r. than we and so the doubles and singles went to Broad Jump. 1st, Thornburgh,E. C.; them respectively. Mr.Cain, of Earlham,sprained Running Rose; 3rd, Ristine, W. C. Distance, his ankle early in the morning and was obliged to 2nd, Crebs, give up before the doubles were played out. That 20' 1". 246 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

Mile Walk. 1st, Shaver, Rose; 2nd, Fomald, Ferris, P. U.; 3rd, Anderson, P. U. Time, 14:381. P. U.; 3rd, Pierson, Rose. Time, 7:484. 440 Yards Dash. 1st, Cassady, P. U.; 2nd, One-Half Mile Bicycle. 1st, Hill, E. C.; 2nd, Jones, E. C.; 3rd, O'Brien, P. U. Time, :524. Pfleging, Rose; 3rd, Anderson, P. U. Time, One Mile Run. 1st, Green, P.U.; 2nd, Froehlich, 1:10*. Rose; 3rd, Smyth, Rose. Time, 4:534. 120 Yards Hurdles. 1st heat, Batten, P. U., The pentathlon score was as follows:

Total 100 Yards Pole Vault Mile Run Shot Put Stand'g Broad Points. CONTESTANT Record Points Record Points Record Points Record Points Record Points _ Bateson, P. U. • 111 50 8'-6" - 64 30'-10" 67 9'- i" 73 :05:191 801 334?;

stabler, E C • : 121 20 8'-0" 52 25'-6" 46 9'-1l" 75 193 Fluthsteiner, Rose • 10i 95 8'-4" 60 32'-0" 72 9'- 0" 72 :05:411 581 3571 time,:17*; 2nd heat, Brachmann, Rose, time, :20. The following is a summary of the points won Final heat: 1st, Ristine, W. C.; 2nd, Batten, P. by the various colleges: U.; 3rd, Brachmann, Rose. Time, :17. Putting 16 Lb. Shot. 1st, Roller, D. P. U.; Total 2nd, Williamson, D. P. U.; 3rd, Lister, U. of I. COLLEGE Firsts Seconds Thirds Points Distance, 37' 10". Standing Broad Jump. 1st, Malone, W. C.; 2nd, Roberts, U. of I.; 3rd, Murray, I. S. N. Dis- Earlham 6 7 2 53 tance, 9' 9". Rose 5 3 6 40 50 Yards Dash. 1st heat, Goben, P. U., time, Purdue 4 5 4 39 :54; 2nd heat, Binford, E. C., time, :54. Final Wabash 4 1 21 heat, 1st, Ristine, W. C.; 2nd, Binford, E. C.; 3rd, DePauw 2 2 15 Castleman, D. P. U. Time, :51. U. of I. 2 1 Pole Vault. 1st, Crebs, Rose; 2nd, Hester, U. 1.S. N 2 2 of I.; 3rd, Haworth, E. C. Height, 9' 3". Franklin 0 0 Throwing 16 Lb. Hammer. 1st, Robertson, P. U.; 2nd, Alward, P. U.; ard, Hubbell, Rose. Dis- ATHLETIC DIRECTORS MEET. tance, 109' 2". The athletic directors met in regular session 220 Yards Hurdles. 1st heat, Goben, P. U., on the afternoon of Friday, June 4th, in Dr. Mees' time,:29; 2nd heat, Cold, D. P. U., :29; 3rd heat, office, Hellweg, '97, presiding. All directors pre- Jumper, Rose, :28*. Final heat: 1st, Ristine, sent excepting Edwards, '99. Appleton, '00, was W. C.; 2nd, Goben, P. U.; 3rd, Cole, D. P. U. chosen secretary pro tern. General Manager Time, :274. Shaver presented his report on field day finan- Hop, Step and Jump. 1st, Thornburgh, E. C.; ces. He said that there was about $170 cleared 2nd, Haworth, E. C.; 3rd, Graves, I. S. N. Dis- on field day. His report was accepted and he tance, 42' 31". was ordered to transfer all funds over to Treasurer One Mile Bicycle. 1st, Stone, Rose; 2nd, Hill, Lansden. He was given permission to draw on E. C.; 3rd, Kimmel, E. C. Time, 3:104. the treasury for any amount not exceeding $15 220 Yards Dash. 1st, Jones, E. C.; 2nd, Bin- to pay the deficiency on the reception account. ford, E. C.; 3rd, Cassady, P. U. Time, :23*. Manager Pfleging presented his report on basket- Five Mile Bicycle. 1st, Stone, Rose; 2nd, ball for the past season. His receipts just bal_ THE ROSE TECHNIC. 247 anced with the expenditures. The report was without a score being put to our credit. But in accepted. Managers for the various school teams the eighth inning our men discovered that Comp- were then elected for the year '97—'98, as follows:— ton had merely been bluffing them with his Manager of baseball team, Howell,'99; manager twisters and then they proceeded to pound him of track team, Hubbell, '98; manager of basket- all over the campus. It was a glorious sight ball team, Freudenreich, '98. The meeting then when "Highpocket," crossed the plate and gave adjourned sine die. Rose her first score, and three more followed in rapid succession before the fellows concluded that ROSE, 4; L S. N., 6. they had better rest until the next inning. Fatal The last game of the season witnessed the sec- mistake! fot the pedagcgs decided that there ond defeat of the school team at the hands of the wouldn't be any next inning. We must fain doughty tillers of the soil, our friends the Nor- accept their excuse that the captain of their band malites. It was not a beautiful game by any was obliged to leave to catch a train and as they means, though at intervals there was a little first didn't know what a substitute was, the game had class playing. Oats and Hay started out to dem- to come to an end. But the umpire thought that onstrate that they could handle a baseball bat as the Normals had no right to stop, so he cooly well as a pitchfork, and before Jakey Trumbo had gave the game to us by a score of 9 to 0. Easily decided to pitch a good game, the first two far- won! The men played in this order:— mers to bat had crossed the home plate after making the entire circuit of bases. Then Jakey ROSS. NORMAL. m. Compton, r. and p. until the sixth inning did a Voorhes, got mad, and not Trumbo, p. Capt. Porter, c. Normalite have a chance to stir up the (lust by Capt. Austin, C. McCarty, 3. sliding to bases. But in the sixth, what horible Meriwether, 3. Early, S. disaster! Our men collapsed, and the farmers Martin, 2. Lankford, p. and r. plowed furrows in the sand as one after another A. Kidder, 1. Hill, 1. Hegarty, s. Squires, 2. to base and crossed leisurely trotted from base Freudenreich, 1. Christen, 1. the home plate amid the vociferous and heart Likert, r. Hedley, m. rending applause of their mighty crowd of sup- Umpire, Dan Miller. Time of game 2 hours porters in the grand stand. But it stopped at 20 minutes. Attendance, 225. Score by innings: last with the score 6 to 0. The history of the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Rose score was different. Meek and lowly was Rose 0-0-0 0 0 0 0-4 the beginning, and inning after inning passed by Normal 2-0-0-0-0-4-0—*

I called her a peach, And the truth was shown When I found that her heart Was indeed a stone. —Ex. THE ROSE TECHNIC.

SENIOR CLASS DAY.

About four weeks before the close of school the teach the drama in any of its branches. The class members of the Senior Class surprised very one, of '97 never pretended to be especially strong in themselves more than anyone else, by deciding to lines of finished acting. It can safely claim, how- give a show of some sort in the way of Class Day ever, that it amused its friends very highly and exercises. That was all that was done for a week, has no reason to be ashamed of its first and last when the building of a stage in the gymnasium appearance on the burlesque stage. As a rule the gave a better foundation for the executive com- Senior Class does not attempt histrionics during mittee to work upon. Things began to buzz along commencement week or at any other time. But then, and the after-supper rehearsals, together few previous classes have made any sort of demon- with the fitting up of draperies, footlights-, etc. on stration, so that this year's venture was exceed- the stage, gave indications to the curious ones on ingly new. the outside that something was surely going to The show was made up of singing, dancing, happen. The way in which the class kept the joking, indeed a little of almost everything in the whole thing under lock and key made it all the farce comedy line, including roasts on the faculty more mysterious. The under-class men occasion- and an occasional general "rough house." Sev- ally dared to put their heads into the gymnasium, eral striking features were introduced. The clown but were promptly ejected, so that no one could appeared to possess the faculty of enjoying any fine out definitely what was going to be done or degree of climate he desired. He would at one who was to do it. moment produce an incandescent lamp, light it The evening of Class Day finally arrived on the at will and use it for heat or light. The next 15th of June, and the class of '97 appeared to a move, he would bring out of the depths of his large audience, chiefly in evening dress, in a two- pocket a motor fan which ran at a lively rate and act burlesque with comedy and operatic features, blew gentle zephyrs across his chalky brow. The entitled "Jack and the Beanstalk." The stage king was able to drink a monstrous "bowl" by was decorated with a profusion of color, and the means of a straw only through the expert manipu- costumes of the players were original, unique and lation of stage settings. A number of comical attractive. Every man in the cast seemed to have situations occurred which were not down on the his mind made up to get a good deal of fun out of program. One of the most pronounced hits of the the piece himself as well as to exert all his talent performance was the inability of the stage hands to please the people across,the footlights. to close the curtains after the first act. This un- It was a good show, everybody said so. Super- heralded feature elicited enthusiastic applause. sensitive critics might have seen some minor vio- The leading character was the esteemed King lations of 'art, but institutions like Rose do not Cole, the merry old soul and his fiddlers three. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 249

He was gorgeously costumed and looked a good SYNOPSIS. (Act 1.) deal like Thomas Q. Seabrooke in the "Isle of "'Tis the Dawn."—The awakening of the Robber hands of Kess- Champagne." The role was in the band.—Arrival of King Cole with a song to sing.—Sin- ler. Lufkin played the part of Jack, the lover, bad and Pasqueno expose themselves.—Jack strays in and Ingle the part of Mary, the beloved. "They and explains himself.—King Cole is due for another loved each other well." The part of Sinbad, song.—Jack and Mary tell of their mutual affection while and asks for "formerly a sailor," was taken by Camp, who did the King bowls up.—Jack gets ambitious Mary's the bean stalk to spite himself.— Astrologer, in hand.—Climbs the clown act to perfection. The "'Tis with love."—Curtain. the person of Hall, was not backward in looking (Act 2.) for lucky and shining stars among the audience. Jack in Fairyland.—Meets a Daisy.—King Cole out The ".Coon from Alabama," represented by New- looking fora job.—Sinbad has the floor(a la Doc Mees).— Song.—Dutch gets bold, was, it is said, equal to any of the efforts Jack and Jill.—Ducky.—Junior Class with Gussie.—The terrible Giant and Mrs. the "Dutch- mixed up made in the Elks' minstrels. Meyer, Giant.—Miss Muffett sings.—Cole has a remedy for sleep- man," was naturally original and furnished fun lessness.—Slumber song.— Jack steals Giant's treasure.— without effort. In fact they were all good. Here Terrible rage of his Giantship.—Sudden transformation is the full scene.—Safe on earth.—Sinbad congratulates Jack with gets Mary for keeps.— DRAMATIS PERSON.E. a song.—Cole relents.—Jack quite contrary."—"'Tis with love."— Jack,an adventurer,in love with Mary . J. E. Lufkin, Jr. "Mistress Mary King Cole, monarch of all he can lay his hands on . Curtain. • J. J. Kessler, Jr. At the close of the play, the chairs were carried Mary, his daughter, very much smitten with Jack. out and an informal dance was held, which was J. David Ingle, Jr. heartily enjoyed by all who remained. . W. H. Martin The members of the Senior Class are greatly in- The Fiddlers Three . G. Willius, Jr. I. J. Briggs Haney debted to Messrs. Tritz Reiman and Harry Rich- Pasqueno, Astrologer, private secretary to the king. ardson for the services they rendered and take this Jay H. Hall opportuity of extending to them their most sin- formerly a sailor, somewhat of a knave him- Sinbad, cere thanks. self Theodore L. Camp Miss Muffett, chaperon to Mary COMMENCEMENT. Chauncey H. Holderman The exercises of the thirteenth annual com- Mr. Giant Maurice C. Rypinski Mrs. Giant Clarence H. Tucker mencement took place in the main hall of the Mrs. Hubbard, mother of Jack . . Herman S. Heichert gymnasium on the morning of June 17th. The Ducky Edmund Frank large stage used for the class day exercises had Jr. Jack, another Jack John H. Hellweg, been left standing and upon it were seated the with Jack Temple Guy Pierson Jill, runs of the graduating class together with a Coon, from Alabama Roger M. Newbold members Chinaman, from Frisco Robert A. Philip number of the Board of Managers, the president Dago J. Henry Lendi of the Institute and the alumnus who gave the Monk Arthur F. Gordon alumni address. The room of the handsome H. Meyer Dutchman, Milwaukee ...... August gymnasium was filled to overflowing with the Benjamin F. Chandler Normahte relatives and friends from the city and The Yellow Kid ...... Herbert C. Westfall parents, and The Daisy Odus B. Moore from a distance, besides visiting alumni Mother Goose Charles H. Fry, Jr. others interested in the Institute. About the William G. Amn were tastefully arranged potted plants Stage Committee Archie G. Shaver platform the school colors old rose and white, which l'ianist Fritz Reiman and Violinist Harry Richardson added to the gay colors of summer hats and gowns . . . J. II. Hall made the occasion one to be long and pleasantly Executive Committee { J. J. Kessler, Jr. J. E. Lufkin, Jr. remembered. Music was furnished by Ringgold's 250 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

orchestra from their position in visitor's gallery. FOR DEGREE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEER. Following is the WILLI ‘NI L. AMES, B. S. PROGRAMME. Re-designing a Locomotive. WILLIAM R. MCKEF:N, JR., M. S. MUSIC. FOR DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE. Studies on Variable Stars. PRAYER. JonN A. PARKHURST. Power consumed in Tanning and Leather Machinery. MUSIC. BARCLAY G. MERINO, B. S. Specifications for Wooden Railway Bridges. JOSEPH D. HARPER, B. S. THESES. Design for Direct-Acting Steam Shears.' Study of the Friction of Journal Bearings of Various WILLIAM J. FOGARTY, B. S. Materials under Different Conditions. Measurements. on the Viscosity of Water. HERMAN S. HEICHERT. EDWIN S. JOHONNOTT, B. S. Dams: Their Construction and Failure. Practical Electrical Tests for Street Railways. J. DAVID INGLE, JR. W. OM= MUNDY, B. S. The Return Current of Electric Street Railways. Electricity Direct from Carbon. FRANCIS II. MILLER, B. S. JOIN H. HELLWEG, JR. Tests on Cement Grinding Machinery. WILLIAM S. SPEED, B. S. MUSIC. FOR DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. Surface Tension. Study of the Friction of Journal Bearings of Various Ma- ROBERT A. PHILIP. terials under Different Conditions. Design for an Automatic Soap Wrapping Machine. HERMAN S. HEICIIERT AND EDMUND FRANK. THEODORE L. CAMP. Design of an Automatic Soap Wrapping Machine. THEODORE L. CAMP. MUSIC. A Test and Study of a Worthington Fire Pump. CLARENCE H. TUCKER, J. BRIGGS HANEY AND HERBERT C. ALUMNI ADDRESS. WESTFA Lb. MR. HERBERT W. FOLTZ, '86. Comparative Tests of Certain Alabama Coals Used in the LocomotiVes on the N. A. Division of the PRESENTATION OF DIPLOMAS. L & N. It. R. ROGER M. NEWBOLD AND ARTHUR F. GORDON. AWARDING OF PRIZM Design, Specifications and Estimates of Cost of a Munici- pal Electric Lighting Plant for the City of St. Paul, Minnesota. BENEDICTION. GUSTAV WILLIUS, JR. AND CHARMS II. FRY, JR. Plans, Specifications and Estimates for an Electric Street MUSIC. Railway System for Jefferson City, Mo. Onus B. MOORE AND JOIN E. LUFKIN, JR. After the presentation of diplomas Colonel Electricity Direct from Carbon. Richard W. Thompson addressed the graduates JAY H. HALL AND JOHN H. HEI.1,wwi, JR. in the old time eloquence so characteristic of Efficiency and Breaking down Point of Commercial In- him. His earnest words of advice and encourage- sulating Materials. ment were made very impressive by the emotion AUGUST II. MEYER AND MAURICE C. RYPINSKI. he put into them. The Influence of Magnetic Fields on the Electrical Re- The candidates for degrees and the subjects of sistance of Copper and Iron Wires. their theses were as follows: BENJAMIN F. CHANDLER. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 251

Magnetic Hysteresis. pus which together with the walks afforded an ARCHIE (4. SHAVER. opportunity of keeping cool, if such were possible. Dams: Their Construction and Failure. Dainty refreshments were served in the rooms J. DAVID INGLE, JR. upstairs. Experiments on the Shearing Strength of Timber. WALTER H. MARTIN AND CHAUNCEY H. HOLDERMAN. THE SENIOR TRIP. Design for Water Works System for Spencer Indiana. [The following is an accurate account of how the Se- WILLIAM G. ARN AND T. GUY PIERSON. niors, under the direction of, Dr. Mees, spent the time on the Senior excursion.] Surface Tension. very profitably ROBERT A. PHILIP. The Theory of the Imaginary Quantities with Applica- tions to the Solution of Dynamical Problems. J. HENRY LEND!. An Attempt to Prepare Camphoric Acid Synthetically from the Hydrobromide of cis-campholytic Acid. JOHN J. KESSLER, JR. The Heminway gold medal for highest stand- ing during the four years' course was awarded by vote of the faculty to Herman S. Heichert, Marion, Indiana. The bronze medal, a fac simile of the same for highest standing in the Freshman class was awarded to Jesse I. Brewer, Terre Haute. Those receiving honorable mention were: SENIOR CLASS—Hennan S. Heichert, Marion, Ind. Robert A. Philip, Sacramento, Cal. JUNIOR CLASS—Harry B. Stilz, Louisville, Ky.; Altona, Ill.; Wm. F. Freu- John B. Hubbell, PROFESSOR HATHAWAY ENTERTAINS denreich, Terre Haute. THE SENIORS. Kidder, Terre iSOPHOMORE CLASS — Arthur 1). The members of the Senior Class received a Bowling Green, Ky.; Haute; Edward Calvert, very cordial invitation on the evening of Class Ky. J. J. McLellan, Louisville, Day, to spend a part of the afternoon of the fol- J. Kidder, Terre Haute; FRESHMAN CLASS—Sidney lowing day with Prof. Hathaway. The invita- Walter F. Huth- Henry Leser, Indianapolis; tion read "upon his lawn from four until six," Ind. steiner, Tell City, and was received with "nine rahs" for Prof. THE RECEPTION. Hathaway. Nearly every member of the class The most enjoyable part of the commencement was present and to say they enjoyed the after- week program was the reception given by the noon is putting it mildly. Stories, jokes and faculty to the graduates, their relatives and friends songs were indulged in and the professor kindly on the evening of June 16th. The reception was told the fortunes of many of the class. Little held in the gymnasium, which had been tasteful- Miss Hathaway distributed the favors, and the ly decorated with potted plants and the school refreshments which followed were well suited to colors. After an hour's pleasant conversation, the capacity of the Rose man on a warm day. hand-shaking, meeting of old friends, and making The members of the class were a unit in saying, of new ones, the floor was cleared and the young it was due to Professor Hathaway's ability in people were allowed to enjoy the music by danc- differentiating the character of the Senior that he ing. Chairs were placed in groups upon the cam- was able to entertain them so successfully. 252 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

WHERE THE FACULTY WILL SUMMER. Prof. Place will be off for a trip the last of the Dr. Mees and Dr. Noyes will be in Terre Haute summer. most of the summer and will attend the National Instructor McCormick will take a special course Educational Society at Milwaukee, Wis. in mathematics at the University of Chicago. Dr. Gray will attend meetings of the British Instructor Harper is doing field work with the Society of Mechanical Engineers at Toronto, and civils near Forest Park. the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Instructor McMeans will take a ten weeks' art at Detroit. course at the Art School of Cincinnati, 0. Prof. Howe and family go to Vermont. Instructor Burk enters upon his new duties Prof. Hathaway and family will visit near the with a Mining Co. near Sacramento, Cal. professor's old home in Van Buren Co., Michigan. Prof. Faurot will read in the private library of Prof. Wickersham and family will be at dif- Dr. Karsten to make a study of German Philology. ferent times in Kansas City, Mo., and Bay View, Supt. Harris will attend summer school at Cor- Mich. nell after July 10. Profs. Wagner and Kendrick left for Ann Arbor, Supt. Smith expects to arrive in England on Prof. Wagner's old home, on June 18. After vis- July 19 to accept a position as woodshop in- iting a few days Prof. Kendrick goes to his home structor in a technical school in London. near Boston. Prof. Wagner will bring his family Engineer Grosvenor and Mr. Logan will remain here next year. at the shop doing repair work. Prof. Peddle, who was married on June 21st, Instructors Dickinson and Nicholas will go will make an extended visit at Sinnickson, Va. fishing.

Shaver [to lady clerk]-- Let me see your hose, The '98 class men are at present working hard please." on the ten hour schedule. Avery has just discovered a matchless cigarette Pfleging will attend the summer conference of lighter, a lens. the Y. M. C. A. at Lake Geneva. Madison—"Aqua Regia, yes, Queen of Waters, Phillips, '99, will work in the chemical labora- I would like to taste it." tory for a month or so this summer. Likert, '99, will have his old place in the Van- Prof. Noyes has finished reading the proof for dalia shops this summer. his new book on "Organic Preparation." Wiley, '98, and Ford,'98, spent a few days in The Normal School trustees are arranging to Paris, Illinois, before commencing their three provide military drill for the men. They need weeks of shop work. some instruction in soldiering. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 253

Brewer—[Lecture in foundry practice] "Say, strong that in many cases leave takings have been Professor, how would you cast a pipe line?" very protracted. Several of the students residing in the city are Lendi was showing some ladies through the putting in their time in the Vandalia shops. shops during thesis time. When someone re- his the- The "Modulus '98, was issued June 12th, and marked that he ought to be studying on "Um, very is now on sale at Baur's and Buntin's drug stores. sis Dr. Gray looked up and replied, complex imaginary quantities." Prof. Howe's new book on "Arches" has just former Rose appeared. It contains cuts of some of the largest The many friends of Fred Ellis, a with Arch bridges in the world. man, will be pleased to hear of his marriage Miss Edith Fuhr of this city. The wedding oc- It was a notable incident that this year a very curred on Tuesday evening, June 15th. The large number of the parents of the Seniors came TECHNIC joins in extending congratulations. to enjoy the exercises of the week. exceptions, are still The Sophomore Sketch-book for the years '95, All the Juniors, with few ten hours a day '96 and '97 is out and contains some handsome in the city. They are working until about July and original designs as well as true reproductions. in the shops and will continue 10th. This will allow them to use their practice Witherspoon, '00, expects to go to Nashville time during the Senior year to better advantage. this summer to accept the position of assistant instructor in the Wood Shop at Vanderbilt Uni- Electric connection was made with the tower versity. clock about four weeks ago, and the members of Institute (In Physical Laboratory)—"You have to do a the telegraph line have been getting hour of the day. It part of that experiment in a hurry, don't you, time in their rooms every bed in the morning, Ben?" Chandler—"Yes, but it is against my will not pull them out of principles." however. The Freshman and Sophomore Civils will camp Grant was paying close attention as one of the for two weeks at Forest Park, where they are mak- Junior Civils explained to a fellow-student a ing a Railroad Survey under the direction of In- problem in stereotomy. When the explanation structor J. D. Harper. was finished, he said, "Well, if you fellows under- be a mere noth- Appleton was taking a nap in algebra when he stand that as well as I do it would grunibled out—" Why did old Mr. Rose build ing to you." this institution so near the railroad? The trains The Modulus '98, although two or three weeks make so much noise a fellow can't sleep at all." later than promised, was received from.the printers For the next season's football sport, we shall on the day before the examinations. Instead of undoubtedly have the best team that Rose has issuing them at once the committee decided to ever put forth and if the students show some in- put them away until the examinations were over. • terest, we may well expect the most successful Their careful forethought no doubt prevented a season. majority of the students from flunking. The negatives of the flash lights taken of the A number of the Seniors have already secured Class Day exercises have been left at Ilolloway's positions, some of which are permanent and de- photograph gallery. Any one desiring pictures sirable. made from them can get them by addressing Mr. Martin goes to Kankakee, Ill., to accept a posi- Holloway. tion as assistant engineer at the State Insane Asy- The Seniors have found it hard work to leave lum. town. Their attachment to their many friends, Rypinski intends to locate in New York, and and especially to young lady friends, has been so Hellweg in Chicago.

• 254 THE ROSE TECHNIC. Newbold has an engineering position with a plans and specifications of a bridge to. be built mining company near his home in Birmingham, near Spencer, Ind. Alabama. Lufkin goes with his family to the southern Meyer will edit his father's paper (German), in part of Texas. From there he will go to the City Appleton, Wis., while his parents go to Europe of Mexico. for the summer. Philip has secured a position with the General Hall has an office position with the C. & E. I. R. Electric Co., at Schenectady, N. Y. R. Co., at his home in Danville, Ill. Frank expects to take a post graduate course in Pierson will act as consulting engineer upon Germany next year.

The College of Mexico is fifty years older than tained an American among their number in their Harvard, being the oldest in America. recent boat race. The colleges of California hold their field days College fraternities have fourteen representa- about Christmas time.—Amateur Athlete. tive newspapers with a combined circulation of 6,380 copies per issue. Many a self-made man would have done better Miss Emma Wakefield is the first and only col- had he let out the contract to sonic one else. ored woman in the United States to receive the There were last year 13,544 students enrolled degree of doctor of medicine. in the technical schools of the United States. By a bill passed in the last legislature, the pre- Wefers, the crack Georgetown sprinter, has paratory department of the West Virginia Uni- broken down, and, it is said, will never run again. versity will be abolished in three years. Since going into training the Columbia crew The regents of the University of California are has averaged an increase in weight of eight pounds considering a petition asking that a chair in Norse per man. language and literature be established in that The Oxford and Cambridge crews each con- university. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 255

Cambridge has passed a statute by which a able to hear his class, the following notice was graduate, in case of misconduct, shall be deprived given: "The.professor being ill, requests me to of his degrees and university privileges. say that the seniors may keep on thro' purgatory, Students at Lafayette are obliged to procure and the middle class continue the descent into written permits from their parents before being hell until further notice from the professor.—Ex. allowed to take part in athletic contests. Professor (stuck by question)—Mr. Torts, fools A gallant young chemistry tough can ask questions that wise men can not answer. Who was mixing a compound of stough, Torts—Is that the reason so many of us flunk?— Dropped a match in the vial, Salnuigundi Ex. And in a brief whial They found a front tooth and a cough. —Ex. There are forty state colleges in the United States, some states having more than one,and the It is reported that the University of Chicago in- students in 1896 was 32,000, which is tends to publish the Lakeside Magazine, which is number of total number of students in to be Similar to the Century and is to be a rival about one-fifth of the colleges in the country.—The Integral. of it.—Ex. all the Vassar college has recently received a gift of A maid with a duster made a great bluster, exceedingly rare and valuable books. There Once some In dusting a bust on the wall, are only nine of them altogether, but they are But when she had dusted, worth at least $2,000. The bust was all busted, Another American professor has been honored The bust is now dust, that is all. —Ex. in Europe. This time it is J. W.Gibbs, professor Upon the new gateway at the entrance to the of mathematical physics at Yale. He has been Cornell campus will be placed this inscription: elected a member of the Royal Society of Lon- "To enter, that daily thou mayest become more don, an honor hitherto conferred on only six learned and thoughtful; to depart, that daily thou Americans. mayest become more useful to thy country and A professor of systematic theology, being un- to mankind." f INDEX TO VOLUME VI.

LEADING ARTICLES. PAGE PAGE The Achievements of Physical Chemistry. Dr. Tennis Tournament 16 W. A. Noyes 3 The Eleven 16-78 Methods of Seasoning Lumber. Instructor W.P. The Nine • 191 Smith 36 The Pentathlon Method of Scoring 192 Mechanical Refrigeration. Instructor Joseph D. The Pipe Rush 14 Harper 68 The Preliminary Field Day . . 216 The Most Economical Power Plant. Prof. Frank Track Mention 79 C. Wagner . . . . • • • 97 A Leaf from My Diary—Torn at Random. Prof. ROSE LEAVES. Albert A. Faurot 100 A Forest Episode 84 The Personal Equation. Prof. A. S. Hathaway 122 A Mandolin Club. . • • 25 A Cave Trip. Prof. J. B. Peddle . • 123 A Wise Act of Legislation 167 Notes on the Duration of Lightning Flashes. Alpha Tau Omega Dance 224 Prof. Arthur Kendrick 149 An Impersonation 87 Some Magnet Coil Formulre. Dr. Thos. Gray. . 177 Automatic Grip Release for Cable Railways 55 The Pentathlon and Its Place in Indiana Ath- Boiler Test 91 letics. Instructor 0. E. McMeans 181 Camera Club 29-114 Some Modern Machine lools for Finishing Cylin- Commencement 249 drical Surfaces. J. F. W. Harris . . • 206 Compliments 139 Notes on a Test of an Alternating Current Motor. Counter-balancing of Locomotives 221 Prof. Edwin Place 210 Death of Prof. Arnold Tschudy 26 Thesis Abstracts 229 Dinner to the '99 Football Team 88 Disobedient Freshmen 143 ALUMNI. Faculty Changes 26 A Voyage to the U. S. of Brazil on the S. S. Segu- Freshman Class 30 ranee 8 Goethe's Hermann and Dorothea 57 Alumni Address—Commencement. • . 237 Hallowe'en 58 Alumni Banquet 242 Indiana College Press Association 170 Alumni Notes 13-48-77-106-131-157-191-244 Library Notes 90-142 Bacteriologieal Purification of Water Supplies by My Room Mate's Dog 25 means of the Sand Filter 44 New Journal Testing Machine 137 Burk '96. Martin 190 On the Motion of a Damped Galvanometer Needle 110-140 Care of Sal Ammoniac Batteries 46 Orchestra...... 28 Greenland and the Esquimos 153 Prof. Hathaway Entertains the Seniors 251 Meeting of Alumni Association .... . • • 131 Quaternions as Directed Lines . • • • 164 Peddle-Oney 244 Resolutions of Condolence • . • 58-143-171-225 Proceedings of Eleventh Annual Business Meet- Rose Scientific Society 92-114-141-171-198-224 ing of R. P. I. Alumni Association • • . 242 Senior Class Day 248 Random Thoughts in a St. Ry. Power Station. 213 Senior Reception 251 Rose Tech Club Reports 13-188 Something About Solutions 195 Sensitive Galvanometers 183 Sophomore Banquet 170 Some Queries 156 State Y. M. C. A Convention . 89 Some Suggestions for Laboratory Experiments • 47 Steam—What It Is, and What It Is Not • • ▪ 24 The Chicago Drainage Canal and Controlling Student Organizations 29 Works ...... 126 Telegraph Notes 92-115-143-171 Thermal Tests of Car Wheels 215 Thanks 91-143 Work of the Department of Tests of the Pope The Faculty Reception 169 Manufacturing Company .. 103 The Freshman Banquet 140 The Freshman Reception 141 ATHLETICS. The Modulus '98 28 The Moonshine District of Kentucky 22 A Training Table 134 The Polytechnic Telegraph Association 27-199 Athletic Records at Polytechnic Institutes • . 163 The Senior Trip 251 Baseball Games 217-247 Thesis Subjects 168 Basketball Games. . . 80-106-132-158-159-192-193-220 Thesis Work 115 Field Day • 245 Variable Stars 224 Field Day Committee Meeting ...... 159-193 Where the Faculty Will Summer 252 Football Games. . . 17-18-19-49-51-53-80-108 Wiring Tables • • • 28 Football Meeting 21 Y. M. C. A. Notes 48-115-142 Football Schedule 20 Football Situation 50 DIFFER ENTI A LS. Gymnasium Contests 162-194 Differentials 30-59-92-115-144-172-199-225-252 Gymnasium Notes 16-54-136-160 Indiana State Records 160 COLLEGE CLIPPINGS. Meetings of Directors . 20-51-81-107-133-161-193-246 Notes and Comments 19 82 109 134-162 194-220 College Clippings 31-63-95-118-146-174-202-254 Pay Your Dues 52 EDITORIALS. Practice 19 State Athletic Association Meeting 108 Editorials 1-33-65-95-119-147-175-203-227