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{ UTAH GEOLOGI01L {"' QUARTERLY REVIEW MINERALOGI01L SURVEY Vol. 7, No. 2 Service to the State of Utah May 1973 UGMS Reorganizes Under State Board Effective July 1, the Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey and its governing board will be transferred to the Utah Geological and Mineral Survey and a newly created board within the Department of Natural Resources. The objectives of the re­ organized State Survey, although much the same, are more clearly defined and enlarged to include study of geothermal resources, and geologic and topographic hazards Arrows point to weathered sandstone on cor­ that could affect the safety of, or nice and beneath pillar at west entrance of cause economic loss to, the citi­ building. zens of Utah. City and County Building Investigation of various mineral substances contained in Weather Deteriorates Sandstone Face State lands will continue, as will As part of decision-making grains. Exfoliation frequently is collection and distribution of reli­ plans preliminary to renovation of observed in the natural environ­ able information regarding the the exterior of the City and ment in Utah's deserts. mineral industry and mineral County Building in Salt Lake City, resources, topography and geology The greatest penetration, 40 UGMS engineering geologist, Bruce of the State. mm or 1.6 inches, was indicated N. Kaliser, conducted a study to evaluate the effects of weathering from a core on the west side of The physical facilities will the building, probably the result on the building's dimension stone. remain on the University of Utah of predominant winds aiding the campus (see Quarterly Review, Thirteen one-inch core sam­ penetration of the stone. November 1972, p. 3), but the ples were taken from the Kyune functions, responsibilities and Sandstone face from the first Construction of the historic governing board once maintained floor level to the tower and ana- building took three years and by the University will be trans­ 1y zed using petrographic and $900,000 to build in the l 890's. 1 ferred to the Survey and its gov­ binocular microscopes for mineral­ Today, after more than 79 years erning board. ogic alteration, chemical decompo­ of use, it would cost $15 million sition, exfoliation planes and to build or more than $3 million The board shall be comprised fractu1es. to restore, according to figures of seven members appointed by provided to the City and County the governor with the advice and According to Kaliser, all commissions by the consulting consent of the senate: one knowl­ evidence points to the natural architect on the project. edgeable in the field of geology as creation of exfoliation surfaces as the result of water penetrating and 1See UGMS' Special Studies 38, "Engineering applied to civil engineering, four Geology of the City and County Building, Salt repeatedly freezing and thawing in Lake City, Utah," by B. N. Kaliser for more (continued on page 16) the spaces between the sand detail. (rage 2 QUARTERLY REVIEW May 1973 ) The geomorphology, stratigraphy, geologic and regional structure and hydrothermal alteration of the Desert Mountain area in Juab County, Utah, are detailed. A geologic map in a back pocket accompanies the text. Special Studies 43, "Geo­ Phosphate ore from the Rex Peak area, stock­ Stauffer Chemical Co.'s phosphate rock bene­ chemical Reconnaissance at piled in the Brazier Canyon area near the Frank ficiating plant, Leefe, Wyoming. Rail cars trans­ Mercur, Utah," by G. W. Lenzi mine, is hauled to the Leefe plant about 12 port concentrate to the Garfield plant in Salt miles north. Lake County. ($1.50). Samples mainly from the Mercur, Sunshine and West Mercur Overall Production Up areas were assayed for gold and silver and some sample splits not used in the commercial assay were Phosphate Industry Grows in Utah analyzed by atomic-absorption spectrometry for copper and silver. Phosphate rock is mined from with open-pit works in the Rex Anomalously high values are four general areas in the nation: Peak area in the Crawford Moun­ located. Florida, North Carolina, Tennessee tains, Rich County, and 12 miles and the western states of Idaho, north of Vernal on the south flank Earth Science Series No. 3, Wyoming, Montana and Utah. of the Uinta Mountains. "The Earth Below the Hall of According to U. S. Bureau of Justice, Salt Lake City, Utah," by Mines figures, the U. S. produced Some 30 truckloads carrying Richard Van Horn ($.10 postage). about 26 million short tons of approximately 65 tons of ore are Interesting bits of information phosphate rock in 1965 and hauled daily to a beneficiating about Lake Bonneville and the approximately 42.4 million short plant at Leefe, Wyoming. Washer whole Salt Lake City area were tons, valued at $222.9 million, in methods, put into effect last year, revealed in the excavation for the 1972. have reduced particulate matter basement of the Hall of Justice. A and pollution considerably. The geologic cross section and airphoto The increased production is a concentrate is then shipped by rail · illustrate the explanation of how direct result of a growing demand to the division plant at Garfield, the underlying structure came to for phosphate fertilizer; about 90 Utah. be. percent of Utah's phosphate pro­ duction, which has increased by an Oil and Gas Field Studies 4 Stauffer recently announced average of more than 19 percent through 12, by P.R. Peterson: No. plans to enlarge their phosphate per year in recent years, goes to 4, "Salt Wash Field" ($ 1.00); No. mining and beneficiating operation making phosphate fertilizer. 5, "Bridger Lake Field" ($1.50); at Vernal by some 40 percent. No. 6, "Horseshoe Bend Field" Production volume will increase to Utah's operations are con­ ($1.50); No. 7, "Upper Valley nearly 400,000 tons. trolled by Stauffer Chemical Co. Field" ($1.50); No. 8, "Castle Peak and Monument Butte Fields" ($1.50); No. 9, "Fence Canyon Survey-Releases Latest Studies Field" ($1.00); No. 10, "Cedar Rim Area" ($1.50); No. 11, "Flat Since November of last year, ($1.50). Results of sulfur isotope Rock Area" ($1 .00); and No. 12, Utah Survey has published the analyses of tar from oil­ "Bluebell Field" ($ 2.00). following (available for purchase in impregnated sandstones, crude oils person or by mail from Publica­ and solid hydrocarbons from the A map depicting the structure tions Office, I 03 Utah Geological Uinta Basin (Tertiary), Utah, are of the fi eld, stratigraphic data Survey Bldg. , University of Utah given and the oS 3 4 values are re­ where significant to production, 84112 ; add 10 percent for lated to origin of the tars and the and a type log cover each field. handling if ordering by mail): stratigraphy of the area. Accompanying text details the field's discovery, development, Special Studies 4 2, "Geology Special Studies 41, "A Sulfur reservoir data and production Isotopic Study of Uinta Basin and Diatremes of Desert Mountain, statistics, and describes its geology. Hydrocarbons," by R. L. Mauger, Utah," by D. C. Rees, M. P. R . B. Kayser and J. W. Gwynn Erickson and J. A. Whelan ($1 .50). (continued o n page 13) ( May 1973 QUARTERLY REVIEW Page 3 ) At Home With Geology Water Drainage Damages Home Sites by B. N. Kaliser condition, a decrease, a sedimenta­ UGMS Engineering Geologist tion or clean-up problem. Evidence The surface water drainage of of relatively recent material any prospective subdivision or deposited on the site could signal single home site should be exam­ possible recurrent sedimentation or ined critically to evaluate hazard­ clean-up problems in the future. ous or potentially damaging situa­ Landscaping could be ruined and tions. A perennial stream on or swimming pools filled with debris. Sediment deposited over mobile home pad on bordering the site could flood Evidence of removal of material Bonneville Terrace in Davis County. Note typi­ periodically; a dry drainage or from the site could portend future cal fan shape of deposit over break-in-slope. swale cutting the site could dis­ erosion which can undermine pave­ flooding. The creation of imperme­ gorge floodwaters and debris in the ment, landscaping and the house able surfaces, as in a new sub­ foundation itself. Water seeping aftermath of a summer cloudburst. division, however, aggravates the out onto the surface or infiltrating flooding hazard. Sediment and The direction and stability of into the subsurface also can have debris is carried farther down the the drainage channels help define deleterious effects. potential hazards as does a drainage basin before being depos­ uniform or changing slope. The ited in what might already be an slope determines the velocity of Using data about the site's urbanized area. the flow which, in turn, drainage basin-its size and runoff Streets become avenues of determines whether the sediment characteristics, upstream and drainage and should complement load increases or decreases. An downstream- engineers can design the natural drainage system. increase could denote an erosion storm sewers to accommodate Adequately designed culverts and bridges must be provided so that flood flows are not impeded. Summary Details Oil and Gas Trends Impounding waters behind such structures can inundate homes and In a unique summary of Estimates of total potential oil resources, create a general hazard in itself. onshore and offshore, for both the USA and worldwide onshore and offshore USSR fall within the same broad category: oil and gas and selected mineral between 100 billion barrels and 1,000 billion Canyon Named resources, John P. Albers, associate barrels. chief geologist, USGS, Washington, To Honor Eardley D. C., analyzes salient data and Asia (including USSR) and North America are the dominant oil producing regions of the The U. S.
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