DOCSLIB.ORG

The Diversity of Volatile Compounds in Australia's Semi-Desert Genus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Diversity of Volatile Compounds in Australia's Semi-Desert Genus plants Article The Diversity of Volatile Compounds in Australia’s Semi-Desert Genus Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae) Nicholas J. Sadgrove 1,* , Guillermo F. Padilla-González 1 , Alison Green 1, Moses K. Langat 1 , Eduard Mas-Claret 1, Dane Lyddiard 2 , Julian Klepp 2 , Sarah V. A.-M. Legendre 2, Ben W. Greatrex 2, Graham L. Jones 2, Iskandar M. Ramli 2, Olga Leuner 3 and Eloy Fernandez-Cusimamani 3,* 1 Jodrell Science Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond TW9 3DS, UK; [email protected] (G.F.P.-G.); [email protected] (A.G.); [email protected] (M.K.L.); [email protected] (E.M.-C.) 2 School of Science and Technology and School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; [email protected] (D.L.); [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (S.V.A.-M.L.); [email protected] (B.W.G.); [email protected] (G.L.J.); [email protected] (I.M.R.) 3 Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.J.S.); [email protected] (E.F.-C.); Tel.: +44-785-756-9823 (N.J.S.); +420-224-382-183 (E.F.-C.) Abstract: Australia’s endemic desert shrubs are commonly aromatic, with chemically diverse ter- penes and phenylpropanoids in their headspace profiles. Species from the genus Eremophila (Scro- Citation: Sadgrove, N.J.; phulariaceae ex. Myoporaceae) are the most common, with 215 recognised taxa and many more that Padilla-González, G.F.; Green, A.; Langat, M.K.; Mas-Claret, E.; have not yet been described, widely spread across the arid parts of the Australian continent. Over Lyddiard, D.; Klepp, J.; Legendre, the years, our research team has collected multiple specimens as part of a survey to investigate the S.V.A.-M.; Greatrex, B.W.; Jones, G.L.; chemical diversity of the genus and create leads for further scientific enquiry. In the current study, et al. The Diversity of Volatile the diversity of volatile compounds is studied using hydrodistilled essential oils and leaf solvent Compounds in Australia’s extracts from 30 taxa. Several rare terpenes and iridoids were detected in chemical profiles widely Semi-Desert Genus Eremophila across the genus, and three previously undescribed sesquiterpenes were isolated and are assigned by (Scrophulariaceae). Plants 2021, 10, 2D NMR—E-11(12)-dehydroisodendrolasin, Z-11-hydroxyisodendrolasin and 10-hydroxydihydro- 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/ α-humulene acetate. Multiple sampling from Eremophila longifolia, Eremophila arbuscular, Eremophila plants10040785 latrobei, Eremophila deserti, Eremophila sturtii, Eremophila oppositifolia and Eremophila alternifolia coneys that species in Eremophila are highly chemovariable. However, taxa are generally grouped according Academic Editor: Jésus Palá-Pául to the expression of (1) furanosesquiterpenes, (2) iridoids or oxides, (3) mixtures of 1 and 2, (4) phenyl- Received: 30 March 2021 propanoids, (5) non-furanoid terpenes, (6) mixtures of 4 and 5, and less commonly (7) mixtures of 1 Accepted: 13 April 2021 and 5. Furthermore, GC–MS analysis of solvent-extracted leaves taken from cultivated specimens Published: 16 April 2021 conveys that many heavier ‘volatiles’ with lower vapour pressure are not detected in hydrodistilled essential oils and have therefore been neglected in past chemical studies. Hence, our data reiterate Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral that chemical studies of the genus Eremophila will continue to describe new metabolites and that with regard to jurisdictional claims in taxon determination has limited predictive value for the chemical composition. published maps and institutional affil- iations. Keywords: phenylpropanoid; terpene; furanosesquiterpene; Eremophila; essential oil Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. 1. Introduction Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. The semi-desert ‘grassland’ region of Australia’s inner perimeter is in a transition This article is an open access article zone between the sandy central Australian deserts and the tropical, subtropical, or tem- distributed under the terms and perate regions (Figure1). In these semi-deserts, several species of Eremophila are found in conditions of the Creative Commons dwindling populations [1] adjacent to sandstone or shale ranges that, on rare occasions, Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// channel rainwater to near exhausted water pans underlain by red or grey cracking clay, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ which is where some of the highest essential oil-yielding aromatic species can be found. 4.0/). Plants 2021, 10, 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040785 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/plants Plants 2021, 10, 785 2 of 41 Plants 2021, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 33 Such species include the diploid specimens of Eremophila longifolia (R.Br) F.Muell from Mutawintji National Park [2] and the myodesert-1-ene-yielding species Eremophila dalyana F.Muell of the ‘grey ranges’ in south-west Queensland [3]. Figure 1. Australian climate map; image taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserts_of_ FigureAustralia 1. Australian(accessed on 15climate January map; 2021). image taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De- serts_of_Australia (accessed on 15 January 2021). In contrast, other moderately aromatic species are sparsely distributed across the 2.undulating Results and slopes Discussion and plains of western New South Wales, the sand-to-clay dermosols on the flat plains of central west Queensland and north-west Western Australia. Human habi- tationIt ofis thesecommon arid parts for isstudies sparse, of particularly new essential outside oils of the from lake regionsfamiliar (i.e., genera Menindee to be comprised ofLakes), a diversity where farmingof known practices volat includeile organic cattle compounds. and sheep grazing. Hence, Due routine to populous gaswild chromatography andgoats, mass the nativespectrometry flora is under (GC–MS), considerable together pressure, with with a commercial some common mass species spectral in rapid library (NIST) decline as grazing continues to denude the landscape. The so called ‘goat weed’ is a classic andexample; retentionEremophila indices latrobei areF.Muell usually is oftenall that found are with necessary only a few to remaining chemically leaves. characterize In new wholecontrast, essential with the oils. disappearance of indigenous foliage, opportunistic native species are rapidlyHowever, finding avolatiles niche. Both fromEremophila the genus sturtii EremophilaR.Br and Eremophila are different mitchellii fromBenth. those are familiar to the speciesbecoming of sothe common northern that hemisphere they are regarded and by mass some fragmentation as a weed [4]. spectrums are not present in Previous phytochemical studies on the volatile organic compounds in species of commercial libraries. Identification of compounds is therefore strongly dependent on nu- Eremophila demonstrate considerable intraspecific variability, particularly in E. longifolia [2, clear5,6]. magnetic Furthermore, resonance aromatic spectroscopy timbers express and completely authentic different standards. chemical The profiles current as study chem- icallycompared assigned to their 19 leaves. rare albeit To illustrate known this, sesq theuiterpenes, aromatic timbers and ofanotherE. mitchellii threewere previously un- described.once regarded In asmany a suitable cases, alternative only single to the leaf Australian specimens sandalwood, were Santalumstudied, spicatum so many unknown compounds(R.Br) A.DC., are producing highlighted a termite to repellent convey essential the full oil comprisedchemical ofdiversity eremophilones of the and genus and the other derivatives [7]. As a substitute, it came to be regarded with distaste and earned the potentialcolloquial to name identify ‘bastard previously sandalwood’ undescribed and was discontinued metabolites. [8]. Furthermore, the chemical profiles within species, and even within populations, can often be entirely different from specimen to specimen. This is illustrated in the current study. Out of the 30 taxa that we studied (Tables 1 and 2), several replicates were collected for Eremophila arbuscular, Eremophila latrobei, Eremophila alternifolia, Eremophila longifolia, Er- emophila deserti, Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. rubra, Eremophila mitchellii and Eremophila sturtii. In some cases, only hydrodistilled essential oils were studied but in other cases small leaf samples were taken, extracted in dichloromethane, and analysed by GC–MS. The distinction is explained through the text. Some species of Eremophila demonstrate a strong chemical overlap into species from Myoporum. This is particularly true of specimens that express furanosesquiterpenes in their metabolome. Furanosesquiterpenes are expressed in several species of Eremophila and most species of Myoporum. Over the years, the synonymity of these two genera has been debated and species are sometimes removed from one genus and placed in the other. Plants 2021, 10, 785 3 of 41 The etymology of the name Eremophila is related to its persistence in arid regions. The name is an amalgamation of the Greek words ‘eremos’, which means desert, and ‘philos’, which means friend (or platonic love); hence, Eremophila translates to ‘desert loving’. It is also believed that the ephemeral nature of the arid landscapes is important in persuading the expression of secondary metabolites. Preliminary observations of the effects of persistent drought and the opposite,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Art Gallery of Ballarat Annual Report 10-11 Annual Report
    Art Gallery of Ballarat Annual Report 10-11 Annual Report 2010-11 ISSN 0726-5530 Chair’s Report .................................................................................................4 Art Gallery of Ballarat ACN: 145 246 224 Director’s Report .........................................................................................6 ABN: 28 145 246 224 Association Report .....................................................................................8 40 Lydiard Street North Ballarat Victoria 3350 Women’s Association Report ............................................................10 T 03 5320 5858 F 03 5320 5791 Gallery Guides Report ...........................................................................11 [email protected] Acquisitions ...................................................................................................13 www.artgalleryofballarat.com.au Outward Loan ..............................................................................................27 Exhibitions ......................................................................................................31 Public Programs ........................................................................................35 Education Visits and Programs ..........................................................37 Adopt an Artwork ......................................................................................40 Donations, Gifts and Bequests .........................................................41 Gallery Staff and Volunteers
    [Show full text]
  • Cravens Peak Scientific Study Report
    Geography Monograph Series No. 13 Cravens Peak Scientific Study Report The Royal Geographical Society of Queensland Inc. Brisbane, 2009 The Royal Geographical Society of Queensland Inc. is a non-profit organization that promotes the study of Geography within educational, scientific, professional, commercial and broader general communities. Since its establishment in 1885, the Society has taken the lead in geo- graphical education, exploration and research in Queensland. Published by: The Royal Geographical Society of Queensland Inc. 237 Milton Road, Milton QLD 4064, Australia Phone: (07) 3368 2066; Fax: (07) 33671011 Email: [email protected] Website: www.rgsq.org.au ISBN 978 0 949286 16 8 ISSN 1037 7158 © 2009 Desktop Publishing: Kevin Long, Page People Pty Ltd (www.pagepeople.com.au) Printing: Snap Printing Milton (www.milton.snapprinting.com.au) Cover: Pemberton Design (www.pembertondesign.com.au) Cover photo: Cravens Peak. Photographer: Nick Rains 2007 State map and Topographic Map provided by: Richard MacNeill, Spatial Information Coordinator, Bush Heritage Australia (www.bushheritage.org.au) Other Titles in the Geography Monograph Series: No 1. Technology Education and Geography in Australia Higher Education No 2. Geography in Society: a Case for Geography in Australian Society No 3. Cape York Peninsula Scientific Study Report No 4. Musselbrook Reserve Scientific Study Report No 5. A Continent for a Nation; and, Dividing Societies No 6. Herald Cays Scientific Study Report No 7. Braving the Bull of Heaven; and, Societal Benefits from Seasonal Climate Forecasting No 8. Antarctica: a Conducted Tour from Ancient to Modern; and, Undara: the Longest Known Young Lava Flow No 9. White Mountains Scientific Study Report No 10.
    [Show full text]
  • JABG01P127 Chinnock
    JOURNAL of the ADELAIDE BOTANIC GARDENS AN OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL FOR AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY flora.sa.gov.au/jabg Published by the STATE HERBARIUM OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on behalf of the BOARD OF THE BOTANIC GARDENS AND STATE HERBARIUM © Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Government of South Australia All rights reserved State Herbarium of South Australia PO Box 2732 Kent Town SA 5071 Australia J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1(2): 127-130 (1977) A NATURALLY OCCURRING PUTATIVE INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID IN EREMOPHILA (MYOPORACEAE) R. J. Chinnock State Herbarium, Botanic Gardens, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 and P. Hudson 13 James Street, Whyalla Norrie, South Australia 5608 Abstract A naturally occurring putative hybrid betweenEremophila oppositifoliaR.Br. andE. scoparia (R.Br.) F.Muell. was found at Whyalla, South Australia. The hybrid is morphologically intermediate in most characters between the two species and has a much increased pollen sterility. Illustrations, and a tabulated comparison, of the more important vegetative, floral and fruit features are provided for the hybrid and its parents. Introduction In June 1976, when assisting in the erection of a fence to enclose the newly established fauna park just west of Whyalla, one of the authors (P. H.) noted an Eremophila close to the western fenceline. The solitary plant was growing in association with Eremophila scoparia ( R. Br.) F. Muell. and E. oppositifolia R.Br. var. oppositifolia in an open Acacia sowdenii woodland on red sandy clay loam. Other common shrubs included A triplex vesicaria Hew. ex Benth.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation and Floristics of Naree and Yantabulla
    Vegetation and Floristics of Naree and Yantabulla Dr John T. Hunter June 2015 23 Kendall Rd, Invergowrie NSW, 2350 Ph. & Fax: (02) 6775 2452 Email: [email protected] A Report to the Bush Heritage Australia i Vegetation of Naree & Yantabulla Contents Summary ................................................................................................................ i 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 1 2 Methodology ...................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Site and species information ......................................................... 2 2.2 Data management ......................................................................... 3 2.3 Multivariate analysis ..................................................................... 3 2.4 Significant vascular plant taxa within the study area ............... 5 2.5 Mapping ......................................................................................... 5 2.6 Mapping caveats ............................................................................ 8 3 Results ................................................................................................................ 9 3.1 Site stratification ........................................................................... 9 3.2 Floristics ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Table 5.8 – Descriptions of Priority Flora Recorded in the Project Area Species, Family and Rank Descriptio
    Oakajee Port and Rail OPR Rail Proposal – Vegetation and Flora Assessment Table 5.8 – Descriptions of Priority Flora Recorded in the Project Area No of No of Plants Species, Family and Locations Description Typical Habitat Recorded by Distribution Photographs Rank Recorded by ecologia ecologia A dense, rounded shrub growing from 0.5 m to 2 m in height. Its phyllodes are erect and the yellow, globular flowers are produced from June to August. Acacia lineolata Mullewa, east of subsp. multilineata (Photograph on right by S.J. Patrick. Image used Mingenew, Arrino with the permission of the Western Australian Sandplains. 1 1 (FABACEAE) and the locality of Herbarium, Department of Environment and Yuna. Priority 1 Conservation (http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/help/copyright). Accessed on Thursday, 3 December 2009) and growth habit again (right) (Photography: ecologia). Chamelaucium sp. 73 km south of Yalgoo (Y. Chadwick A bushy low shrub to 1.5 m high. This species Yalgoo, near Blue 1816) produces white/pink/purple flowers during Granite outcrops. 2 3 Hills, along Morawa‐ (MYRTACEAE) August and September. Yalgoo Road, and Wurarga. Priority 1 An upright, leafless, semi‐succulent herb that grows to between 0.4 and 1 m, although it has been recorded as growing to 2 m. The stems are Robinson Ranges, Euphorbia light green, and have a bluish‐grey waxy light Sandstone and Mount Augustus sarcostemmoides covering. When broken a white sap is exuded quartzite hills but Station. Also East from the stems. The rarely present leaves are has been located 67 254 Chewing Ranges, (EUPHORBIACEAE) narrow, lanceolate, opposite and are held on flat plains at Mount Giles and Priority 1 horizontally.
    [Show full text]
  • Eremophila Koobabbiensis (Scrophulariaceae), a New, Rare Species from the Wheatbelt of Western Australia
    R.J.Nuytsia Chinnock 21(4): &157–162 A.B. Doley, (2011) Eremophila koobabbiensis (Scrophulariaceae), a new rare species 157 Eremophila koobabbiensis (Scrophulariaceae), a new, rare species from the wheatbelt of Western Australia Robert J.Chinnock1 and Alison B. Doley2 1State Herbarium of South Australia, Hackney Road, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 2‘Koobabbie’, Waddy Forest, Western Australia 6515 Email: [email protected] Abstract Chinnock, R.J. & Doley, A.B. Eremophila koobabbiensis (Scrophulariaceae), a new, rare species from the wheatbelt of Western Australia. Nuytsia 21(4): 157–162 (2011). Eremophila koobabbiensis Chinnock, sp.nov., is described and illustrated. This rare species is known only from one area north of Moora and its conservation is discussed. It is also established in cultivation and its long-term survival is assured. Introduction When the monograph of Eremophila and allied genera was published (Chinnock 2007) one of the authors of this paper (RJC) was aware of a number of undescribed species in Western Australia that had been seen in the field or had been isolated from existing herbarium collections but were either inadequate for the preparation of accounts for publication, or were discovered too late to be included in the monograph. Andrew Brown (Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia) also drew attention to other new species of which he was aware. Since the publication of the monograph, two new taxa, E. grandiflora A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell and E. densifolia F.Muell. subsp. erecta A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell have been published (Brown & Buirchell 2007). In this paper a new and rare species is described and illustrated.
    [Show full text]
  • La Trobeana Is Kindly Sponsored by Mr Peter Lovell Lovell Chen Architects & Heritage Consultants
    LAA TTROBEANAROBEANA Journal of the C. J. La Trobe Society Inc. Journal ofVol.11, the No.C. J. 3, LaNovember Trobe 2012Society Inc. ISSN 1447-4026 Vol. 6, No. 2, June 2007 ISSN 1447-4026 La Trobeana is kindly sponsored by Mr Peter Lovell LOVEll CHEN ARCHITECTS & HERITAGE CONSULTANTS Lovell Chen Pty Ltd, Level 5, 176 Wellington Pde, East Melbourne 3002, Australia Tel: +61 (0)3 9667 0800 Fax: +61 (0)3 9416 1818 Email [email protected] ABN 20 005 803 494 Contents 4 Introduction 37 Jane Wilson A Word from the President Research Report: Charles La Trobe’s contribution to the establishment of the 5 Adrienne E. Clarke Horticultural Gardens at Burnley A Message from the Chancellor of La Trobe University 39 Susan Priestley Crises of 1852 for Lieutenant-Governor Tributes La Trobe, Captain William Dugdale and La Trobeana Henrietta Augusta Davies Journal of the C J La Trobe Society Inc. Dr Brian La Trobe Vol. 11, No 3, November 2012. 6 Tim Gatehouse 46 Dr Jean McCaughey The Turkish La Trobe: The career of ISSN 1447-4026 7 Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, the Editorial Committee 8 Mr Bruce Nixon Sultan’s advisor at the Ottoman Court Loreen Chambers (Hon Editor) Helen Armstrong Articles 54 Roz Greenwood Dianne Reilly Book Review: The French Closet by Robyn Riddett 9 R.W. Home Alison Anderson Burgess La Trobe’s ‘honest looking German’: Designed by Ferdinand Mueller and the botanical Reports and Notices Michael Owen [email protected] exploration of gold-rush Victoria Helen Botham For contributions and subscriptions enquiries contact: 56 Anna Murphy Anniversary of the Death of The Honorary Secretary: Dr Dianne Reilly AM 17 The C.
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom Class Family Scientific Name Common Name I Q a Records
    Kingdom Class Family Scientific Name Common Name I Q A Records plants monocots Poaceae Paspalidium rarum C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass C 3/3 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida lazaridis C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Astrebla pectinata barley mitchell grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cenchrus setigerus Y 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Echinochloa colona awnless barnyard grass Y 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida polyclados C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cymbopogon ambiguus lemon grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Digitaria ctenantha C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Enteropogon ramosus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon avenaceus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eragrostis tenellula delicate lovegrass C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Urochloa praetervisa C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Heteropogon contortus black speargrass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Iseilema membranaceum small flinders grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Bothriochloa ewartiana desert bluegrass C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Brachyachne convergens common native couch C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon lindleyanus C 3/3 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon polyphyllus leafy nineawn C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sporobolus actinocladus katoora grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cenchrus pennisetiformis Y 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sporobolus australasicus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eriachne pulchella subsp. dominii C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum subsp. humilius C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Digitaria divaricatissima var. divaricatissima C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eriachne mucronata forma (Alpha C.E.Hubbard 7882) C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sehima nervosum C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eulalia aurea silky browntop C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Chloris virgata feathertop rhodes grass Y 1/1 CODES I - Y indicates that the taxon is introduced to Queensland and has naturalised.
    [Show full text]
  • Enabling the Market: Incentives for Biodiversity in the Rangelands
    Enabling the Market: Incentives for Biodiversity in the Rangelands: Report to the Australian Government Department of the Environment and Water Resources by the Desert Knowledge Cooperative Research Centre Anita Smyth Anthea Coggan Famiza Yunus Russell Gorddard Stuart Whitten Jocelyn Davies Nic Gambold Jo Maloney Rodney Edwards Rob Brandle Mike Fleming John Read June 2007 Copyright and Disclaimers © Commonwealth of Australia 2007 Information contained in this publication may be copied or reproduced for study, research, information or educational purposes, subject to inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment and Water Resources. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Australian Government does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. Contributing author information Anita Smyth: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Anthea Coggan: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Famiza Yunus: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Russell Gorddard: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Stuart Whitten: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Jocelyn Davies: CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Nic Gambold: Central Land Council Jo Maloney Rodney Edwards: Ngaanyatjarra Council Rob Brandle: South Austalia Department for Environment and Heritage Mike Fleming: South Australia Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation John Read: BHP Billiton Desert Knowledge CRC Report Number 18 Information contained in this publication may be copied or reproduced for study, research, information or educational purposes, subject to inclusion of an acknowledgement of the source.
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Australia Mulga Shrublands
    Conservation Management Zones of Australia Eastern Australia Mulga Shrublands Prepared by the Department of the Environment Acknowledgements This project and its associated products are the result of collaboration between the Department of the Environment’s Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE; Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (DoA), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice. Special thanks to CSIRO researchers Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns underpinned identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia. Image Credits Front Cover: Paroo-Darling National Park – Peter Taylor, Parks Australia Page 4: Mulga on John Egan Pioneer Track – Dragi Markovic Page 10: Mulga Parrot (Psephotus varius) – Brian Furby Page 14: Paper daisies, Paroo-Darling National Park – J. Doyle/OEH Page 15: Lake Wyara – Adam Creed, © The State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Heritage Protection) Page 18: Cassia flowers, Paroo-Darling National Park – J. Doyle/OEH Page 19: Bridled Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea fraenata) – Dave Watts Page 21: Australian Painted Snipes (Rostratula australis) – Graeme Chapman Page 22: Wild hop, Paroo-Darling National Park – J.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora Survey on Hiltaba Station and Gawler Ranges National Park
    Flora Survey on Hiltaba Station and Gawler Ranges National Park Hiltaba Pastoral Lease and Gawler Ranges National Park, South Australia Survey conducted: 12 to 22 Nov 2012 Report submitted: 22 May 2013 P.J. Lang, J. Kellermann, G.H. Bell & H.B. Cross with contributions from C.J. Brodie, H.P. Vonow & M. Waycott SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources Vascular plants, macrofungi, lichens, and bryophytes Bush Blitz – Flora Survey on Hiltaba Station and Gawler Ranges NP, November 2012 Report submitted to Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study: 22 May 2013. Published online on http://data.environment.sa.gov.au/: 25 Nov. 2016. ISBN 978-1-922027-49-8 (pdf) © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resouces, South Australia, 2013. With the exception of the Piping Shrike emblem, images, and other material or devices protected by a trademark and subject to review by the Government of South Australia at all times, this report is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. All other rights are reserved. This report should be cited as: Lang, P.J.1, Kellermann, J.1, 2, Bell, G.H.1 & Cross, H.B.1, 2, 3 (2013). Flora survey on Hiltaba Station and Gawler Ranges National Park: vascular plants, macrofungi, lichens, and bryophytes. Report for Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. (Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, South Australia: Adelaide). Authors’ addresses: 1State Herbarium of South Australia, Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (DEWNR), GPO Box 1047, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Shrubs Shrubs
    Shrubs Shrubs 86 87 biibaya Broom bush Language name biibaya (yuwaalaraay) Scientific name Melaleuca uncinata Plant location Shrubs The biibaya (Broom Bush) is widespread through mallee, woodland and forest in the western part of the Border Rivers and Gwydir catchments. It often grows on sandy soils. Plant description The biibaya is an upright shrub with many stems growing from the main trunk. It grows between 1 to 3 metres high. The bark on older stems is papery. It has long, thin leaves which look like the bristles on a broom. Many fruit join together in a cluster which looks like a globe. Traditional use Can you guess what this plant was used for from its common name? The stems and girran.girraa (leaves) of the biibaya provided a useful broom. Bungun (branches) can also be cut and dried for use in brush fences. Paperbark trees (plants belonging to the genus Melaleuca) had many other uses also. The papery nganda (bark) was used to wrap meat for cooking and as plates, as well as being used as bandages, raincoats, shelter, blankets, twine and many other things. The nectar from the gurayn (flowers) could be eaten or drunk, steeped in water, as a sweet drink. Crushing the girran.girraa provides oil. Young girran.girraa can be chewed, or pounded and mixed with water, to treat colds, respiratory complaints and headaches. This mixture was also used as a general tonic. Inhaling the steam from boiling or burning the leaves provides relief from cold, flu and sinusitis (Howell 1983, Stewart & Percival 1997). The gurayn were also used for decoration.
    [Show full text]