Rebellion in South-Western England and the Welsh Marches, 1215
RebellionBlackwellOxford,HISRHistorical0950-3471©Original Institute UKArticle inResearchPublishing, of south-westernsouth-western Historical Ltd. Research England England and2005 and the the Welsh Welsh marches, marches, 1215–17 1215–17 in south-western England and the Welsh marches, 1215–17* Paul Latimer Bilkent University Abstract This study attempts a reassessment of the rebellion of 1215–17 in two regions: south- western England and the Welsh marches. After examining the historiography of the 1215–17 conflict and some problems with the evidence, the article deals with the two regions in turn. In the first, the rebellion is found to be somewhat stronger than has been appreciated and to be, to a considerable extent, one of local county communities, rather than of great barons. In the second, the rebellion is seen as much stronger than it has been portrayed, although here the great rebel barons play a significant role. In both regions, the rebellion appears as one directed against an exploitative and intrusive central government and its aggressive curial servants, while also, in the outcome of the rebellion, a degree of common interest between the rebels and baronial loyalists is suggested. Overall, although there are some contrasts between the two regions, the study stresses the elements of a common cause in the rebellion. In 1961, J. C. Holt’s groundbreaking study, The Northerners, based on a detailed analysis drawn from one very important region, offered an interpretation of the origins and course of the 1215 revolt against King John and of the civil war that followed.1 His conclusions, which in most respects have remained unchallenged, were that the revolt in the north derived from a level of royal financial pressure unprecedented in that region, an over-ruthless political exploitation of the consequent debts, and resentment at King John’s aggressive use of patronage to favour a narrow circle of the ‘king’s friends’.
[Show full text]