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Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends pages 357-528 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman Managing Senior Editor EDITORIAL BOARD Polyxeni Potter, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Dennis Alexander, Addlestone, Surrey, UK Associate Editors Timothy Barrett, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Charles Ben Beard, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA Ermias Belay, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Christopher Braden, Atlanta, Georgia, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Sharon Bloom, Atlanta, GA, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Mary Brandt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Louisa Chapman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Corrie Brown, Athens, Georgia, USA Thomas Cleary, Houston, Texas, USA Charles H. Calisher, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Vincent Deubel, Shanghai, China Michel Drancourt, Marseille, France Ed Eitzen, Washington, DC, USA Paul V. Effler, Perth, Australia Daniel Feikin, Baltimore, Maryland, USA David Freedman, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Anthony Fiore, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Peter Gerner-Smidt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Kathleen Gensheimer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Stephen Hadler, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Duane J. Gubler, Singapore Nina Marano, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Richard L. Guerrant, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Martin I. Meltzer, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA David Morens, Bethesda, Maryland, USA David L. Heymann, London, UK J. Glenn Morris, Gainesville, Florida, USA Charles King, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Patrice Nordmann, Paris, France Keith Klugman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tanja Popovic, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan Didier Raoult, Marseille, France S.K. Lam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Stuart Levy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Ronald M. Rosenberg, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA John S. MacKenzie, Perth, Australia Dixie E. Snider, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Marian McDonald, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Frank Sorvillo, Los Angeles, California, USA John E. McGowan, Jr., Atlanta, Georgia, USA David Walker, Galveston, Texas, USA Tom Marrie, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada J. Todd Weber, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Philip P. Mortimer, London, UK Fred A. Murphy, Galveston, Texas, USA Founding Editor Joseph E. McDade, Rome, Georgia, USA Barbara E. Murray, Houston, Texas, USA P. Keith Murray, Geelong, Australia Senior Associate Editor, Emeritus Stephen M. Ostroff, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA Brian W.J. Mahy, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, UK Richard Platt, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Copy Editors Claudia Chesley, Karen Foster, Thomas Gryczan, Gabriel Rabinovich, Buenos Aires, Argentina Jean Michaels Jones, Shannon O’Connor, Carol Snarey, Mario Raviglione, Geneva, Switzerland P. Lynne Stockton David Relman, Palo Alto, California, USA Connie Schmaljohn, Frederick, Maryland, USA Production Carrie Huntington, Barbara Segal, Reginald Tucker Tom Schwan, Hamilton, Montana, USA Editorial Assistant Tracey Hodges Ira Schwartz, Valhalla, New York, USA Communications/Social Media Sarah Logan Gregory Tom Shinnick, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Bonnie Smoak, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Emerging Infectious Diseases is published monthly by the Centers for Disease Rosemary Soave, New York, New York, USA Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333, P. Frederick Sparling, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA USA. Telephone 404-639-1960, fax 404-639-1954, email [email protected]. Robert Swanepoel, Pretoria, South Africa The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not neces- Phillip Tarr, St. Louis, Missouri, USA sarily reflect the opinions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or Timothy Tucker, Cape Town, South Africa the institutions with which the authors are affiliated. Elaine Tuomanen, Memphis, Tennessee, USA All material published in Emerging Infectious Diseases is in the public do- John Ward, Atlanta, Georgia, USA main and may be used and reprinted without special permission; proper citation, however, is required. Mary E. Wilson, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement ∞ by the Public Health Service or by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Emerging Infectious Diseases is printed on acid-free paper that meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) Services. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 19, No. 3, March 2013 March 2013 On the Cover Research Alice Neel (1900–1984) T.B. Harlem (1940) Oil on canvas (76.2 cm x 76.2 cm) Increasing Pneumocystis National Museum of Women Pneumonia, England, UK, in the Arts, Washington, D.C. 2000–2010 .......................... 386 Gift of Wallace and R. Maini et al. Wilhelmina Holladay; copyright The Estate of Alice Neel, Incidence has increased among most risk Courtesy David Zwirner, New York groups and among groups not previously identified as being at risk. About the Cover p. 524 Perspective Measles Elimination Efforts and Pulmonary Nontuberculous 2008–2011 Outbreak, France ............. 357 Mycobacterial Disease, D. Antona et al. Brazil, 1993–2011 .............. 393 Most cases occurred in unvaccinated young K.G. Couto de Mello et al. adults; increasing vaccine coverage rates Despite the high prevalence remains a critical issue. of tuberculosis in Brazil, patients with nontuberculous disease are not being identified Synopses and given treatment. p. 366 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection after Fractionated CO2 Laser Resurfacing .............................. 365 D.A. Culton et al. Tuberculosis and HIV Two case-patients were likely infected by Co-infection, California, postprocedure exposure. 1993–2008 .......................... 400 J.Z. Metcalfe et al. Human Leptospirosis Trends, the Persons from areas with high TB rates often p. 435 acquire HIV infection during the Netherlands, 1925–2008 ..................... 371 peri-immigration period. M.G.A. Goris et al. Most infections are imported by travelers and associated with recreational activities. Attribution of Foodborne Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Deaths to Food Commodities by using Outbreak Data, Parallels in Amphibian and Bat Declines United States, 1998–2008................... 407 from Pathogenic Fungi ...................... 379 J.A. Painter et al. E.A. Eskew and B.D. Todd Outbreak data attributed nearly half of illnesses Effective management of fungal diseases to produce and more deaths to poultry than to is crucial to preventing extinction of some any other commodity. species. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 19, No. 3, March 2013 Treatment Outcomes for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection ......................................... 416 March 2013 M.R. O’Donnell et al. 460 Mycobacterial Lineages Causing Sputum culture conversion was poorly Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary predictive of successful treatment. Tuberculosis, Ethiopia R. Firdessa et al. Foodborne Disease Prevention and Broiler Chickens with Reduced 464 Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Campylobacter Infection.................... 425 Non-O139 Serogroups and S. Bahrndorff et al. Cholera-like Diarrhea, Fly screens on broiler chicken houses resulted Kolkata, India in lower Campylobacter spp. prevalence D. Dutta et al. throughout the year, with no summer peak. 468 Hepatitis E Virus Mixed Infection Lack of Norovirus Replication and in Immunocompetent Patient Histo-Blood Group Antigen p. 458 D.B. Smith et al. Expression in 3-Dimensional Intestinal Epithelial Cells .................................... 431 471 Virulence of Pertactin-Negative M.M. Herbst-Kralovetz et al. Bordetella pertussis Isolates The 3-dimensional intestinal model is not from Infants, France sufficient as a virus replication system for H. Bodilis and N. Guiso developing vaccines or drugs to control human norovirus infections. 475 Unexpected Increase of Alveolar Echincoccosis, Austria, 2011 Effects of Vaccine Program against R. Schneider et al. Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus, United States, 2009–2010................... 439 478 Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, R.H. Borse et al. Somalia, 2010–2011 Vaccination likely prevented 700,000–1,500,000 p. 462 I. Sindani et al. clinical cases, 4,000–10,000 hospitalizations, and 200–500 deaths. 481 Swine Influenza in Sri Lanka H.K.K. Perera et al. Emergence and Spread of Extensively and Totally Drug-Resistant 485 Tuberculosis Outbreak in a Tuberculosis, South Africa ................ 449 Primary School, Milan, Italy M. Klopper et al. M. Faccini et al. Comparative genomics of multidrug-resistant isolates from the Eastern Cape, South Africa, 488 Lymphogranuloma Venereum suggests that totally drug-resistant TB is in Men Screened for Pharyngeal emerging. and Rectal Infection, Germany K. Haar et al. Dispatches 493 Prioritizing Tuberculosis 456 Human Betacoronavirus 2c Clusters by Genotype for Public EMC/2012–related Viruses in Health Action, Washington Bats, Ghana and Europe S. Lindquist et al. A. Annan et al. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 19, No. 3, March 2013 514 Peritoneal Tuberculosis in a Pregnant Woman from Haiti, March 2013 United States 496 Anisakiasis and Gastroallergic Reactions Associated with 516 Microsporidial Anisakis pegreffii Infection, Italy Keratoconjunctivitis Outbreak S. Mattiucci et al. among Athletes from Hong Kong Who Visited Singapore, 2012 Another Dimension 517 Mycobacterium fortuitum Endocarditis Associated with 500 HUS Surveillance Notes— Cardiac Surgery, Serbia Sarah’s