First Half of the Twentieth Century Is Clear, Especially When Comparing It to the Real Thing, Such As the House Located at 15 Peyton Street

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS AND PROPERTIES WITHIN THE NATIONAL REGISTER WINCHESTER HISTORIC DISTRICT Single Dwelling, 205 Fairmont Avenue, 138-0042-0423 (EHT Traceries, 2010) FINAL REPORT EHT TRACERIES, Inc. 1121 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20001 In collaboration with: MARAL S. KALBIAN. LLC P.O. Box 468 Berryville, Virginia 22611 For THE CITY OF WINCHESTER, VIRGINIA (Contact: Vincent P. Diem, Zoning & Inspections Administrator 540/667-1815) August 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................page 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................page 2 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................page 3 MAPS OF HISTORIC DISTRICT .................................................................................page 5 RESEARCH DESIGN ....................................................................................................page 7 Objectives...................................................................................................................................page 7 Scope of Work ..........................................................................................................................page 7 Methodology .............................................................................................................................page 7 Work Plan...................................................................................................................................page 8 SURVEY FINDINGS......................................................................................................page 15 City of Winchester Database Holdings: Phase II ................................................................page 15 Overview of the History and Development of the Survey Area......................................page 15 Inventory of all properties, sorted by address......................................................................page 35 Inventory of all properties, sorted by VDHR ID number with style and status ............page 138 Inventory of all properties, sorted by VDHR ID number with historic context ...........page 193 Analysis of Survey Findings....................................................................................................page 258 Identification of Properties ................................................................................page 258 Categorization of Properties ..............................................................................page 258 Determination of Contributing Status..............................................................page 260 Primary Resources................................................................................................page 261 DHR Historic Themes and Period Contexts ...................................................page 262 RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................page 263 Standards for Evaluation .........................................................................................................page 263 Recommendations for National Register Historic District Amendment............page 267 Recommendations for Survey ...................................................................................page 267 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................page 274 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: National Register Historic District Boundary Map.......................................................... page 5 Figure 2: National Register Historic District Boundary Map.......................................................... page 6 Figure 3: Handley Regional Library, 1908.......................................................................................... page 17 Figure 4: Handley Regional Library, undated postcard.................................................................... page 17 Figure 5: Josiah Massie’s Hatter Shop, 125 West Boscawen Street................................................ page 18 Figure 6: Waite-Hunter Residence, 119 South Washington Street................................................. page 19 Figure 7: German Smith’s Sumac Mill Warehouse........................................................................... page 20 Figure 8: Sanborn Fire Insurance Map, 1885 .................................................................................... page 20 Figure 9 Glen Lee, 445 Fairmont Avenue ........................................................................................ page 21 Figure 10: House, 218 South Washington Street ................................................................................ page 22 Figure 11: The Gables, 5 South Washington Street............................................................................ page 23 Figure 12: House, 123 West Leicester Street ....................................................................................... page 25 Figure 13: House, 418 Fairmont Street ................................................................................................ page 26 Figure 14: Twin Dwelling, 111-113 West Cork Street ....................................................................... page 27 Figure 15: Commercial Building, 17-21 West Boscawen Street........................................................ page 28 Figure 16: Winchester Church of Christ, 20 West Cork Street......................................................... page 29 Figure 17: Filling Station, 501 North Loudoun Street ....................................................................... page 30 Figure 18: House, 15 Peyton Street....................................................................................................... page 31 Figure 19: Sanborn Fire Insurance Map, 1947 updated..................................................................... page 31 Figure 20: Houses, 210 and 212 South Washington Street ............................................................... page 32 Figure 21: Boscawen Street Apartments, 208-210 West Boscawen Street...................................... page 33 Figure 22: House, 712 South Washington Street ................................................................................ page 34 Figure 23: Proposed Survey Areas ........................................................................................................ page 268 Figure 24: Hexagon House, 530 Amherst Street ................................................................................ page 269 Figure 25: 700 block of South Cameron Street................................................................................... page 270 Figure 26: Edge Hill, 315 East Cork Street.......................................................................................... page 270 Figure 27: 300 block of Gray Street...................................................................................................... page 271 Figure 28: House, 402 South Stewart Street ........................................................................................ page 272 Figure 29: House, 11 South Stewart Street .......................................................................................... page 273 Figure 30: House, 310 West Cecil Street.............................................................................................. page 273 Survey of Buildings and Properties within the National Register Winchester Historic District City of Winchester, Virginia EHT Traceries, Inc. August 2011/Page 1 ABSTRACT The City of Winchester, founded in 1744, is the oldest city west of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Located at the northern entrance to the Shenandoah Valley, the city is the commercial, financial, and governmental center for the surrounding area, and is the seat of Frederick County. The city encompasses 9.3 square miles and is located at the crossroads of U.S. Highways 11, 17, 50, 522, Interstate 81, and State Route 7. Interstate 66, terminating 11 miles south of the city at Interstate 81, provides a third transportation artery to Washington, D.C., which is located 72 miles to the southeast. The city’s 2010 population was estimated at over 26,000 with 7,650 single-family attached and freestanding houses and over 4,000 multi-family dwelling units. The City of Winchester has long been a leader in historic preservation in the Shenandoah Valley. Preservation of Historic Winchester, Inc. (PHW), was founded in 1964 as a local private non-profit organization to encourage preservation in the area. Among its many programs, PHW has created a nationally acclaimed revolving fund from which monies are used to buy and sell threatened properties. Historic easements and covenants are placed on the properties that are then resold.1 In 1967, the city created its first local historic district, which was expanded in 1976. This locally designated historic district contains 1,242 properties. The Winchester Historic District (DHR File Number 138-0042), encompassing approximately 1,058 properties, was listed in the Virginia Landmarks Register in 1979 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The boundaries were expanded in 2003 and 2008, adding 17 additional properties to the historic district. The commercial core of the historic district

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