CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK SHOLAPUR Compiled by. THE MAHARASHTRA CENSUS OFFICE BOMBAY Printed in India by the Manager, Government Press and Book Depot, Nagpur, and Published by the Director, Government Printing and Stationery, Maharashtra State, Bombay-4. 1967 [Price-Rs. Eight] CENSUS OF INDI(A 196'1 Central Government Publications Census Report, Volume X-Maharashtra, is published in the following Parts I-A and B General Report I-C Subsidiary Tables II-A General Population Tables II-B (i) General Economic Tables-Industrial Classification II-B (ii) General Economic Tables-Occupational Classification II-C (i) Social and Cultural Tables II-C (ii) Migration Tables III Household Economic Tables IV Report on Housing and Establishments V-A Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Tables V-B Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Ethnographic Notes VI (1-35) Village Surveys (35 monographs on 35 selected villages) VIJ-A (1-8) Handicrafts in Maharashtra (8 monographs on 8 selected handicrafts) VII-B Fairs and Festivals in Maharashtra VI II-A Administration Report-Enumeration (For official Use only) VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation (For official use only) IX Census Atlas of Maharashtra X (1-12) Cities of Maharashtra (15 Volumes-Four volumes on Greater Bombay and One each on other eleven Cities) State Government Publications 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in English 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in Marathi Alphabetical List of Villages and Towns in Maharashtra in Marathi J -I 078-i-B (Sholapur). r---------~----------I- ----------------------.--------~~ U 1_iii f -:1; 11" ;U f. fft 11 -a:: 1_ _"- . - . 1 I- Q. tj) N.. -Cl liL IIWII!! ¥; ~§: 1; I " ll1il~~-. ~-,:" . ~ . ~ :: & - ~ u_w.~ z~J_ .. .I. I i a:: t. j :J \ , 0. ,. « ..J 0 \ :r: U) Il: ::l... <I( ~ »' 1>v <f II! '\." ~ 1>0 0 '0 m ~ ut ::l ~o 1/1 Go z '" ~ w t- o <t 0 0;, 0:: "It. f- .. If I 30 '4 til '4 <I a: « J l :E Z B J: o~ c( !i:'.J ~ !L ~ ~--~----~--------------------~----~ PREFACE On the suggestion of the Census Commissioner, India, the Government of Maharashtra decided to publish the District Census Handbooks on the basis of the material collected during the 1961 Census for all the districts in Maharashtra. A Committee consisting of the Executive Editor and Secretary of the District Gazetteers (Revision) Editorial Board, the Superintendent of Census Operations, Maharashtra, and the Director, Bureau of Economics and Statistics, Maharashtra, was appointed to determine the contents and review the drafts of each volume. This is one of the twenty-five volumes compiled in the Maharashtra Census Office an d published under that scheme. District Handbooks had been published from the 1951 Census data also. As in the past, the present volume contains a set of 1961 Census Tables for th e district and also presents basic demographic and economic information for each village separately. The following improve­ ments have, however, been made in the 1961 series;- (i) The addition of a comprehensive note introducing the district; (ii) The four-coloured map of the district; (iii) Taluka maps showing the location of each village in the district supplemented by alphabetical lists of villages: (iv) Supplementary information showing basic amenities available for each village; and (v) Addition of Part III containing 33 Tables on other official statistics. These new features will make the volume a valuable reference for the Central and State Governments, District Administrators, departments engaged in planning and development work, legislators, priVate trade and business. Need for such material is far greater today as the functions of planning and implementation of development schemes have now percolated to district, taluka and village levels. Marathi version of this volume is also being issued separately. Part I of the volume presents villagewise statistics, Part II contains the 1961 Census Tables prepared for the district and Part III contains official statistics on Climate, Rainfall, Agri­ culture, Industry, Education, Health and a few other aspects. An explanatory note is added at the beginning of each part to describe the layout of the Tables and the terms or concepts used. Parts I and II are based entirely on the data collected at the 1961 Census. Part III is based on the material furnished by the District Statistical Officer and the officers of the depart-" ments concerned. Villagewise populations shown in Part I are valid for Sunrise of 1st March 1961 and are not adjusted for seasonal migration to or from other areas. The introductory note at the beginning of the volume describes the present administrative set-up and some of the socio-economic facets of life in the district. It will illustrate how the statistics presented in the volume could be used for economic accounting or as controls of plan achievements in the district. F,or this note, we have drawn heavily on the District Gazetteers iv PREFACE Survey and Settlement Reports, Annual Administration Reports and other Governmen 11 publications. Some Heads of Departments also supplied the latest available material for the volume. Weare indebted to them all. Any views expressed in the introductory note or elsewhere in the volume are personal and the Government is not responsible for them. In the Census Office, everyone has done something for this stupendous task of compila­ tion and collation of statistics, preparation of notes and reading of proofs. I should specially mention Shri N. Y. Gore, Tabulation Officer, for his sincere and thorough work on compilation and proof reading of Part I, Shri G. S. Gokarn, Tabulation Officer, for his painstaking work on MSS and proofs of Parts II and III, Shri S. K. Deshpande, Shri D. G. Pansare and Shri R. E.Chowdhary for assistance in preparing the introductory note, Shri S. Y. Pradhan and Shri B. M. N agarkar, Draughtsmen, for Maps, Charts and Diagrams. Shri S. G. Deshpande of our office at Nagpur looked after the layout of the Tables and printing of the volume. Shri R. G. Phadke and Shri D. V. Rangnekar, Deputy Superintendents of Census Operations, and Shri G. M. Rajadhyaksha, Tabulation Officer, made valuable contributions at all stages and specially in the preparation of notes. Acknowledgments are due to Shri S. R. Desai, Manager, Government Press and Book Depot, Nagpur, and Shri J. D. Gandhi, Manager, Government Photozinco­ graphic Press, Poona. In spite of heavy pressure of work on their presses they did their best to print this volume speedily. I am obliged to Shri Asok Mitra, I.C.S., Census Commissioner, India, for valuable suggestions for improving this volume. I am also indebted to Shri Setu Madhava Rao and Shri M. A. Telang, Members of the District Census Handbook Committee, who not only supplied useful material from their departments but also read through the MSS and encouraged Us through this venture. POONA: B. A. KULKARNI The 26th March 1966 CONTENTS PAGES INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT (1)-(61 ) Physical Features (I); Administrative Set-up (3); Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samitis (8); Village Panchayats (10); Population (11); Languages (20); Religions (21); Scheduled Castes (22); Scheduled Tribes (24); Welfare of Backward Classes (25); Education (26); Health and Medical Amenities (31); Housing (32); Agriculture and Irrigation (33); Agrarian Structure and Land Reforms (42); Co-operation (44); Forests (48); Fisheries (48); Mining and Quarrying (49); Industries (49); Power (52); Trade and Commerce (52); Communications and Transport (54) j Construction (55) j Other Services (56); Broad Aspects of Economy (56). PART I-Village Directory 1-63 PART II-Census Tables 65-191 PART III-Other Official Statistics 193-236 {Subjectwise Contents for Parts I, II and III may be seen at pages 2, 67 and 194, respectively) LIST OF MAPS, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS Sholapur District .. Frontispiece The District in Maharashtra . Percentages by Area and Population : : } Fadng page (1) Population, 1901-1961 .. (11) Variation in Population, 19j 1-1961 (12) Density of Population, 1961 (13) Distribution by Age-groups, 1961 (15) Sex Ratio, 1901-1961 (16) Marital Status, 1961 (11) Literacy, 1901-1961 (26) Literacy, 1961 (21) Literacy and Educational Levels, 1961 (30) Land Utilisation (36) 'Crop Pattern (38) Distribution of Workers, 1961 (58) Karmala Taluka Facing page j Barshi Taluka Facing page 11 Madha Taluka Facing page 11 Malshiras Taluka .. Facing page 23 Pandharpur Taluka Facing page 27 Mohol Taluka Facing page 33 ,North Sholapur Taluka Facing page 39 South Sholapur Taluka Facing page 43 Sangola Taluka Facing page 49 Mangalwedha Taluka Facing page 53 Akkatkot Taluka Facing page 59 Weekly Markets Facing page 231 -Fairs Facing page 232 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT This note describes the administrali:'e set-up and .~a111e socia-economic facets at life in the district THE DISTRICT IN MAHARASHTRA. "IG.2 .' 7.' A o PI • N • .. IE FE IE ICE ,. •. 0 z DleTRICT BOUNDA.RY •• MAJOR ROAD.......... - RAILWAY. • • • • • • • •• ..............- RIVER.. • • • • • • •• •• ~ a 7e' "IG.3 PERCENTAGES BY PERCENTAGES JIY AREA POPULATION MAHARASHTRA CENSUS BOMBAY H - 747-G.P.Z.P. POONA·19S2 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT PHYSICAL FEATURES The district lies entirely in the Bhima and Sina Important Rivers basins and almost the whole of it is drained by either The chief rivers are the Bhima, with its right Bhima river or its tributaries. bank feeders Nira and Man, and its left bank feeders The Bhima flows south-east through the central the Sina and Bhogavati. part comprising Karmala, Madha, Pandharpur, South The Bhima rises in the Sahyadris at Bhimashankar Sholapur and Mangalwedha talukas: Mo~t of ~he Malshiras taluka is drained by the flver Nlra, whlch in Khed taluka of Poona district. It is one of is the right bank feeder of the Bhima. Sangola, parts the chief feeders of the Krishna. It runs south­ of Pandharpur and Mangal~edha talukas ar~ drained east through Poona, Ahmadnagar and Sholapur by the Man river, another trIbutary of the Bhlma.