Of 7 Common Name Scientific Name Medieval Name And/Or Religious Meaning Amaryllis Amaryllis Belladonna Beautiful Lady
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Metabolic Fingerprinting of Leontopodium Species (Asteraceae
Phytochemistry 72 (2011) 1379–1389 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Phytochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/phytochem Metabolic fingerprinting of Leontopodium species (Asteraceae) by means of 1H NMR and HPLC–ESI-MS Stefan Safer a, Serhat S. Cicek a, Valerio Pieri a, Stefan Schwaiger a, Peter Schneider a, Volker Wissemann b, ⇑ Hermann Stuppner a, a Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria b Institute of Botany, Systematic Botany Group, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 38, D-35392 Gießen, Germany article info abstract Article history: The genus Leontopodium, mainly distributed in Central and Eastern Asia, consists of ca. 34–58 different Received 30 December 2010 species. The European Leontopodium alpinum, commonly known as Edelweiss, has a long tradition in folk Received in revised form 7 April 2011 medicine. Recent research has resulted in the identification of prior unknown secondary metabolites, Available online 7 May 2011 some of them with interesting biological activities. Despite this, nearly nothing is known about the Asian species of the genus. In this study, we applied proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy Keywords: and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolic fingerprinting to reveal insights into Leontopodium the metabolic patterns of 11 different Leontopodium species, and to conclude on their taxonomic relation- Asteraceae ship. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 1H NMR fingerprints revealed two species groups. Discrimi- Metabolic fingerprinting 1H NMR nators for these groups were identified as fatty acids and sucrose for group A, and ent-kaurenoic acid and LC–MS derivatives thereof for group B. -
Protecting the Natural Endangered Heritage in Romania, Croatia, Poland and Slovenia
Available online at http://journals.usamvcluj.ro/index.php/promediu ProEnvironment ProEnvironment 11 (2018) 143-157 Review The Rights of Alive – Protecting the Natural Endangered Heritage in Romania, Croatia, Poland and Slovenia CIOANCĂ Lia-Maria1*, Luminița UJICĂ2, Marijana MIKULANDRA3, Ryszard SOŁTYSIK4, Maja ČERNE5 1Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, University Extension Bistrița, Andrei Mureşanu st., no. 3-5, Romania 2High Scool with Sportive Program Bistrița, Calea Moldovei no. 18. Romania 3OŠ Tina Ujevi Osnovna škola Tina Ujevića Koturaška cesta 75 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 4Zespół Szkół Nr1 w Humniskach, 36 – 206, Huminska 264, Poland 5OŠ Rogaška Slatina, Kidričeva ulica 24, 3250 Rogaška Slatina Slovenia Received 23 July 2018; received and revised form 18 September 2018; accepted 25 September 2018 Available online 30 September 2018 Abstract This article deals with the impact of destructive actions of human population on natural world. As a consequence of relying on non-renewable energy sources and reckless encroachment on natural habitats a lot of plant and animal species have become extinct and more and more species are getting endangered. Thus celebrating biodiversity and solidarity for all life forms, from the tiniest one to the most complex eco-systems, has been in the centre of our attention and operational activities. Keywords: durable development, ecology, endangered species. 1. Introduction Within the massive destruction of forests and forest climate, we witness significant changes, Just as the man has passed from the stage of sometimes radical of the environment. For the animal hunter and collector up to animal raiser and farmer, and plants which have survived through a long period the natural vegetation has increasingly been subject of adaptation, a new difficult era starts again. -
Rosa L.: Rose, Briar
Q&R genera Layout 1/31/08 12:24 PM Page 974 R Rosaceae—Rose family Rosa L. rose, briar Susan E. Meyer Dr. Meyer is a research ecologist at the USDA Forest Service’s Rocky Mountain Research Station Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, Utah Growth habit, occurrence, and uses. The genus and act as seed dispersers (Gill and Pogge 1974). Wild roses Rosa is found primarily in the North Temperate Zone and are also utilized as browse by many wild and domestic includes about 200 species, with perhaps 20 that are native ungulates. Rose hips are an excellent source of vitamin C to the United States (table 1). Another 12 to 15 rose species and may also be consumed by humans (Densmore and have been introduced for horticultural purposes and are nat- Zasada 1977). Rose oil extracted from the fragrant petals is uralized to varying degrees. The nomenclature of the genus an important constituent of perfume. The principal use of is in a state of flux, making it difficult to number the species roses has clearly been in ornamental horticulture, and most with precision. The roses are erect, clambering, or climbing of the species treated here have been in cultivation for many shrubs with alternate, stipulate, pinnately compound leaves years (Gill and Pogge 1974). that have serrate leaflets. The plants are usually armed with Many roses are pioneer species that colonize distur- prickles or thorns. Many species are capable of clonal bances naturally. The thicket-forming species especially growth from underground rootstocks and tend to form thick- have potential for watershed stabilization and reclamation of ets. -
HELLEBORUS NIGER (Hell. Nig.) Botanical Name : Helleborus Niger
HELLEBORUS NIGER (Hell. nig.) Botanical name : Helleborus niger Linn. Family: Ranunculaceae Synonyms : Elleborum nigrum, Helleborus grandiflorus Salisb., Veratrum nigrum Salisb. Common names : Hindi: Khorasani kutki; English: Black hellebore, Christmas rose; French: Ellebore noir; German: Sohwarze Uieswurzel. Description : A perennial, having brownish-black, knotted, brittle, fleshy rhizome, 2.5 to 7.5 cm long, 6 to 12 mm thick. Leaves on long stalks, which spring directly from the root. Stalks are cylindrical, tapering, smooth, shinning and pale green, mottled with red. Leaves pedate, deeply divided into several nearly separate lobes, coarsely seriate in the upper part, dark green above, paler beneath. Flowers on a scape shorter than petiole, at first pinkish-white, becoming green. Macroscopical : The drug occurs in irregularly branched, blackish pieces from 3.0 to 6.0 cm in length and from 5 to 8 mm in diameter. The branches show encircling leaf scars and the remains of the aerial stem or buds. Microscopical : Transverse sections of the rhizome shows considerable variations, 4 to 12 or more vascular bundles often of widely different shapes. Habitat : Found in alpine regions. History and authority : Introduced by Hahnemann in 1805. Allen’s Encyclop. Mat. Med. Vol. IV, 547. Part used : Rhizome. Moisture content of fresh rhizome 200 ml per 100 g solids. Preparation : (a) Mother Tincture φ Drug strength 1/10 Helleborus Niger in coarse powder 100 g Purified Water 400 ml Strong Alcohol 635 ml to make one thousand millilitres of the Mother Tincture. (b) Potencies: 2x contain one part tincture, three parts purified water and six parts Strong Alcohol. 3x and higher with Dispensing Alcohol. -
A Systematic Review on the Rosa Canina Effect and Efficacy Profiles
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH Phytother. Res. 22, 725–733 (2008) Published online 3 April 2008 inROSA Wiley CANINA InterScience EFFECT AND EFFICACY PROFILES 725 (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2400 REVIEW ARTICLE A Systematic Review on the Rosa canina Effect and Efficacy Profiles Cosima Chrubasik1,2, Basil D. Roufogalis3, Ulf Müller-Ladner2 and Sigrun Chrubasik1,3* 1Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 9, 79104 Freiburg, Germany 2Abteilung für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Kerckhoff-Klinik Bad Nauheim/Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Benekestr. 2-8, D 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany 3Herbal Medicines Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Rose hip, rose hip and seed and rose hip seed, all were negatively monographed by the German Commission E due to insufficient evidence of effects and effectiveness. Therefore a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to summarize the pharmacological and clinical effects of Rosa canina L. to reevaluate its usefulness in traditional medicine. For various preparations of rose hip and rose hip and seed, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects have been demonstrated. Lipophilic constituents are involved in those mechanisms of action. The proprietary rose hip and seed powder LitozinR has been employed successfully in a number of exploratory studies in patients suffering from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and low back pain. However, the sizes of the clinical effects for the different indications need to be determined to assure clinical significance. There is also a rationale behind the use of LitozinR as part of a hypocaloric diet based on the rose hip probiotic, stool regulating and smooth muscle-relaxing actions, as well as the rose hip seed lipid-lowering, antiobese and antiulcerogenic effects. -
Taxonomic Review of the Genus Rosa
REVIEW ARTICLE Taxonomic Review of the Genus Rosa Nikola TOMLJENOVIĆ 1 ( ) Ivan PEJIĆ 2 Summary Species of the genus Rosa have always been known for their beauty, healing properties and nutritional value. Since only a small number of properties had been studied, attempts to classify and systematize roses until the 16th century did not give any results. Botanists of the 17th and 18th century paved the way for natural classifi cations. At the beginning of the 19th century, de Candolle and Lindley considered a larger number of morphological characters. Since the number of described species became larger, division into sections and subsections was introduced in the genus Rosa. Small diff erences between species and the number of transitional forms lead to taxonomic confusion and created many diff erent classifi cations. Th is problem was not solved in the 20th century either. In addition to the absence of clear diff erences between species, the complexity of the genus is infl uenced by extensive hybridization and incomplete sorting by origin, as well as polyploidy. Diff erent analytical methods used along with traditional, morphological methods help us clarify the phylogenetic relations within the genus and give a clearer picture of the botanical classifi cation of the genus Rosa. Molecular markers are used the most, especially AFLPs and SSRs. Nevertheless, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Rosa have not been fully clarifi ed. Th e diversity of the genus Rosa has not been specifi cally analyzed in Croatia until now. Key words Rosa sp., taxonomy, molecular markers, classifi cation, phylogeny 1 Agricultural School Zagreb, Gjure Prejca 2, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia e-mail: [email protected] 2 University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia Received: November , . -
Rosa Canina Linnaeus Common Names: Dog Rose, Dog Brier, Wild Rose (5,6,13)
Rosa canina Linnaeus Common Names: Dog rose, dog brier, wild rose (5,6,13). Etymology: ‘Rosa’ is the Latin word for ‘rose’, and ‘canina’ in Latin means ‘of a dog’ or ‘mean’ (1,3). Botanical synonyms: Rosa corymbifera Borkh., R. dumetorum Thuill., and R. ciliatosepala Blocki (2,6). FAMILY: Rosaceae, the rose family (1) Quick Notable Features: ¬ Alternate, odd-pinnately compound, serrate leaves ¬ Conspicuous stipules, fused to petiole ¬ Showy white/pink flowers with many stamens and pistils in a hypanthium ¬ Bright red hips with no sepals Plant Height: R. canina grows up to 3m tall (10). Subspecies/varieties recognized (6,7): Rosa canina var. dumetorum (Thuill.) Poir., Rosa canina var. canina L., Rosa canina var. corymbifera Rouy, Rosa canina var. andegavensis Arechav., Rosa canina var. evanida (Christ) P.V.Heath, Rosa canina var. frutetorum (Besser) P.V.Heath, Rosa canina var. libertiae (Dumort.) P.V.Heath, Rosa canina var. Montana (Vill.) P.V.Heath, Rosa canina var. sepium Arechav., Rosa canina var. subcanina (Christ) P.V.Heath, Rosa canina subsp. andegavensis (Bastard) Vigo, Rosa canina subsp. virens (Wahlenb.) Šmite. Most Likely Confused with: Rosa eglanteria, R. micrantha, R. setigera, R multiflora, and Rubus ssp. (1,9). Habitat Preference: The species is found in open, disturbed habitats such as roadsides, old pastures, fields, dry banks, and thickets. R. canina requires at least partial sun, and high levels of soil moisture (1,5,9,10). Geographic Distribution in Michigan: The species grows in six counties of the lower peninsula: Benzie, Hillsdale, Kent, Leelanau, Lenawee, and Wayne (2,19). Known Elevational Distribution: In Turkey, R. -
Vegetable Notes for Vegetable Farmers in Massachusetts
University of Massachusetts Extension Vegetable Notes For Vegetable Farmers in Massachusetts Volume 20, Number 3 , 2009 IN THIS ISSUE: COLD-HARDY GREENS PROJECT – SELECTING AND SAVING BRASSICA SEED Cold Hardy Greens: Selections & Seed Saving The UMass Cold-Hardy Greens Project is working with local Biocontrol for Mexican Bean Beetle farmers to select Brassica greens crops that are especially suited to Seedcorn Maggot & Wireworm thrive in cold climate New England. Of course, Brassica greens Cabbage & Onion Maggot in general are generally cold-hardy. We are working on variet- ies that have a strong ability to recover well from minimal winter New Publication: Using Organic Nutrient Sources protection (an unheated hoop house, heavy row cover with wire Upcoming Meetings hoops, or open field) and produce strong re-growth and marketable yield in early spring. This is a valuable harvest window for diversi- fied growers who need early spring revenue. Often, overwintered greens bolt rapidly and become unmarketable before spring-plant- ed crops are ready. The seed we are working with was first selected by farmers Brett Grosgahl (Even’star Farm, MD), Brian O’Hara (Tobacco Road Farm , CT) and Dan Pratt (Astarte Farm, MA) over many seasons to survive extended cold periods with minimal protection from winter conditions. UMass has planted this seed for three winters at our research farm in South Deerfield, MA. We have selected for cold-hardiness, late bolting and good spring regrowth. We have three species of cold-hardy greens including a mix of red and green mustard (Brassica juncea), a mustard tatsoi mix (‘MTM’) cross (Brassica rapa), and Siberian Kale (B. -
Download Herb Seed Assortment 2019/20
Herbs Allium schoenoprasum Chives xx for salads, pizza, soups, curd cheese fine for pot culture and home gardening medium standard strain thick fast regrowth Allium tuberosum Garlic Chives, Chinese Leek xx used as substitute for chives and garlic ín autumn and winter; as well for asia dishes Allium ursinum Ramsons xx chopped leaves sparingly used as substitute for garlic; cold germinator Anethum graveolens Dill x Leaves go well with sour cream and cucumber dishes, seeds are an ingredient in pickles, sauerkraut and fruit pies. Common universal variety; but mainly for seed harvest because of early flowering Strong leaved, Tetra-Dill late flowering; especially for leaf production Mammoth very broad and big leaflets, very aromatic; late flowering; for year round production Dukat, Superdukat universal late flowered varieties, fine filigree leaflets SX-951 thick foliage with dark, silvery-blue-green leaves; extend harvest period, because of highly resistant to bolting SX-952 for openfield and pot production, because of compact growth and good leaves covering; healthy, medium-green, late-flowering and dense-leaved SX-953 for pot cultivation; dark green color; upright and compact growing SX-781 mid-early; high-yielding; for forcing and openfield production; thick foliage; medium green leaves SX-782 late-flowering, universal variety, for all types of cultivation; very dark green Anthriscus cerefolium Chervil x the dark green leaves are used in culinary dishes like (and with) parsley Common fine cut dark green leaves; late sowing will not or hardly -
Traditional Uses, Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Properties Of
Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2019; 7(2): 214-220 ISSN (E): 2320-3862 ISSN (P): 2394-0530 Traditional uses, phytochemicals and NAAS Rating: 3.53 JMPS 2019; 7(2): 214-220 pharmacological properties of Allium tuberosum © 2019 JMPS Received: 23-01-2019 Rottler ex spreng Accepted: 28-02-2019 Khoshnur Jannat Department of Biotechnology Khoshnur Jannat, Taufiq Rahman and Mohammed Rahmatullah and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Abstract Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka, Allium tuberosum is a lesser known plant of the Allium genus compared to the more known Allium cepa Bangladesh (onion) or Allium sativum (garlic). However, Allium tuberosum is now being increasingly recognized to be an important plant in its own right with diverse important pharmacological activities. This review will Taufiq Rahman attempt to describe the reported phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of the plant with the Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis objective to determine the plant’s potential to be a source of lead compounds and effective new drugs. Court Road, CB2 1PD, UK, Bangladesh Keywords: Allium tuberosum, garlic chive, amaryllidaceae Mohammed Rahmatullah 1. Introduction Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, From ancient periods people have been using a diverse range of medicinal plants for curing University of Development diseases. In the last 200 years, traditional systems of plant based medicines have been largely Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka, replaced with allopathic system of medicine, the latter being based on the principle of one Bangladesh drug-one therapy. Allopathic medicines are largely synthetic. Now the traditional way of healing is making a comeback as a large number of synthetic drugs are costly and shows adverse side-effects. -
Casserole Egg, Dippable Toasted Brioche, Sautéed Mushroom Persillade, Tomme Des Demoiselles Shavings
Casserole egg, dippable toasted brioche, sautéed mushroom persillade, Tomme des Demoiselles shavings Recipe for 4 Description A beautiful, quick dish that is easy, consistent, and tasty. It requires little prep and work but delivers maximum results. Note Try picking a local cheese from your region, just be sure that it has a strong enough flavour to accentuate the dish. Ingredients Poached eggs Mushrooms 4 Unit(s) Egg 1 Tray(s) Button mushrooms 4 Thick slice(s) Brioche bread 2 Unit(s) Portobello mushroom 50 Gr Butter 8 Unit(s) Shiitake mushroom 2 Pinch(es) Fleur de sel 3 Clove(s) Chopped garlic 5 Sprig(s) Chopped parsley Butter Salt and pepper Butter Vegetable oil Salt and pepper Vegetable oil Cheese shavings 150 Ml Cheese tomme des demoiselles 6 Sprig(s) Chives Butter Salt and pepper Vegetable oil Preparation Preparation time 45.00 mins Preheat your Oven at 147.00 F° Preparation Peel and finely dice the garlic. Cut the brioche into sticks around 1 cm along the short sides. Wash the parsley, remove the leaves from the stems, then chop the parsley leaves. Clean your mushrooms with a damp towel, if necessary, then chop them finely. Finely chop the chives. Brioche In a hot pan with butter, lightly toast the brioche breadsticks until golden on all sides, set them aside on a paper towel. Sprinkle some fleur du sel on the brioche while they are still warm. Mushrooms persillade In a hot pan with vegetable oil, sautee each type of chopped mushroom individually until nice and golden, be sure to season with salt near the beginning of each batch to achieve best results. -
Historical Survey of Easter Lily Name in Association with Lilium Longiflorum
® Floriculture and Ornamental Biotechnology ©2012 Global Science Books Historical Survey of Easter Lily Name in Association with Lilium longiflorum Eisuke Matsuo Professor Emeritus of Kyushu University, 1198-68, Tsuko, Ogori-shi 838-0102, Japan Correspondence : [email protected] ABSTRACT Based on the English dictionaries from around 1900, the author traces back how Lilium longiflorum came to be referred to as the Easter lily. The term “Easter lily” was given to any lily-like flowering species that bloomed around the Easter day, being called Easter flowers. Among them, L. candidum became the most famous one known as “Easter lily”. The evidence suggests that when more easily forcible bulb production began in the Bermuda Islands, the superiority of L. longiflorum over L. candidum in forcing ability and price, might have led to an explosive promotion of the usage of L. longiflorum as the Easter flower instead of L. candidum. Thus, the name "Easter lily" came to be transferred from L. candidum to L. longiflorum. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: Easter decoration, Easter flower, Lilium candidum, Madonna lily CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 EASTER FLOWER AND EASTER LILY...................................................................................................................................................